Reactions of Copper 1
Reactions of Copper 1
Reactions of Copper 1
COMPLEXES: Copper
THE AQUEOUS CHEMISTRY OF IONS
Theory aqueous metal ions attract water molecules
many have six water molecules surrounding them
these are known as hexaaqua ions
they are octahedral in shape
water acts as a Lewis Base – a lone pair donor
water forms a co-ordinate bond to the metal ion
metal ions accept the lone pair - Lewis Acids
REACTION TYPES
The examples aim to show typical properties of transition metals and their compounds.
One typical properties of transition elements is their ability to form complex ions.
Complex ions consist of a central metal ion surrounded by co-ordinated ions or
molecules known as ligands. This can lead to changes in ...
Reaction
types ACID-BASE A-B
LIGAND SUBSTITUTION LS
PRECIPITATION Ppt
A-B
NH3 [Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 2NH3(aq) ——> [Cu(OH)2(H2O)4](s) + 2NH4+(aq)
blue ppt. soluble in excess NH3
A-B
NH3 [Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 2NH3(aq) ——> [Cu(OH)2(H2O)4](s) + 2NH4+(aq)
blue ppt. soluble in excess NH3
Ppt
CO 3
2-
[Cu(H2O)6] (aq)
2+
+ CO 2-
3 (aq) ——> CuCO3(s) + 6H2O(l)
blue ppt.
REACTIONS OF COPPER(II)
Cl¯ [Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 4Cl¯(aq) ——> [CuCl4]2-(aq) + 6H2O(l) LS
yellow, tetrahedral
• a redox reaction
• used in the volumetric analysis of copper using sodium thiosulphate
REACTIONS OF COPPER(I)
The aqueous chemistry of copper(I) is unstable compared to copper(0) and copper (II).