Arguments in Manifestos

FACT if the statement about argument is accurate, and
BLUFF if it is not.
An argument is merely an
opinion.
An argument is a
claim contended as
true.
An argument must be
supported with
reasoning.
An argument means
conflict or fight.
An argument does not
have a single winner
or loser.
ARGUMENTS
IN MANIFESTOS
Manifesto. This refers to a published
declaration of the intentions, motives, or
views of the issuer, be it an individual, group,
political party or government.
Argument. In academic writing,
this is usually a main idea, often
called a “claim” or “thesis
statement,” backed up with
evidence that supports the idea.
Argumentative writing. A kind of writing
where the students establish a position in
a given topic and then use evidence to
persuade the audience to see things from
their point of view. To write a great
argumentatively, the students first have
to investigate several sides of the
argument, which allows them to make an
educated stance. Then, they have to
collect evidence, including facts,
statistics, and claims from experts in the
topic’s field.
 A position paper is a document which
contains statements about a one-sided
arguable opinion on a certain subject or issue.
 It is sometimes called a point of view paper
since it presents your claims provided with
rationale and valid evidences.
 It is a debate in written form with the goal of
convincing your audience to your belief or
judgment. Hence, the principle of writing in an
argumentative way should be followed.
Add a main point
Analyzing an argument means

breaking it down into its components
in order to determine whether or not
it is strong or weak, effective or not
A writer’s argument is a group of statements or
reasons used to persuade the readers that what
he/she believes is true. It may cause the audience to
act differently or change mind completely.
As for the audience, it is essential that you could
develop the skill to evaluate whether an argument
used by the author is good or bad; whether it supports
the assertion sensibly or it is presented in a confusing
and illogical way.
An argument consists of two parts:
1. Claim/Conclusion
What do you want reader to
believe?
It summarizes the main idea. It is not just

your opinion. It is what you think is true
about a topic.
An argument consists of these parts:
2. Reasons/Premises
Why should the reader accept
your claim?
It is the importance of your claim. It includes the

evidences that comes in various forms, including
specific examples quotes and ideas from other
scholars, statistics, data, testimonies, narratives
and facts.
There are three major ways that authors present an
argument:
 Reasoning – giving logical explanation

of the argument.
 Evidence – presenting statistics, facts,
and studies
 Appeal – stimulate the reader's
emotions
Types of Arguments
Deductive Arguments- proceeds from
general ideas/facts to specific inferences
Example:
Premise 1: All men are mortal (major premise/very general
statement)
Premise 2: Railey is a man. (minor premise/more specific)
Conclusion: Railey is a mortal. (very specific statement)
Types of Arguments
Inductive Arguments-derives from specific
observations lead to a general conclusion
Example:
Premise: The past Marvel movies have been
incredibly successful at the box office.
Conclusion: Therefore, the next Marvel movie will
probably be successful.
Identifying the
Arguments
When reading, you need to identify the arguments to understand the main
points. In paragraphs, a topic sentence identifies the main claim or main
idea. To find it, follow these steps:
1. Read the paragraph

2. Ask, “What is the paragraph about?
3. Summarize the content in your own words
4. Find the sentence within the paragraph that best
matches the summary. This is the stated claim of the
paragraph.
Let us look at this example:
The story of Disney's "The Lion King" draws direct

inspiration from Shakespeare's "Hamlet". Simba represents
Hamlet, the successor of the King/Mufasa, who swears
revenge on his evil uncle Scar/Claudius. Likewise, Simba's
best friend Nala represents both Ophelia, a love interest,
and Horatio, a best friend.
Take a minute and follow the four-step process to determine the stated claim.
After reading the paragraph, it seems clear that the author
is comparing "The Lion King" to "Hamlet". More specifically,
it is saying that the similarities between the two are too
great to be only coincidences.
As a result, it would appear as though the best 'sentence'
match to this summary would be the first sentence. This is
likely the stated claim.
Analyzing the arguments
In order to begin analyzing an argument, you must first look at the
evidence presented to you, then ask questions based on that
evidence. Ask questions like,
• "Based on the evidence, is there a different

explanation or claim possible?"
• "Is the evidence convincing and sound?"
• "How does the argument/evidence
compare with others you've read?"

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FACT if the statement about argument is accurate, and

Analyzing an argument means

It summarizes the main idea. It is not just

It is the importance of your claim. It includes the

 Reasoning – giving logical explanation

1. Read the paragraph

The story of Disney's "The Lion King" draws direct

• "Based on the evidence, is there a different

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