Collections in Java

Collections in Java
Introduction
 The Collection in Java is a framework that
provides an architecture to store and
manipulate the group of objects.
 Java Collections can achieve all the operations
that you perform on a data such as searching,
sorting, insertion, manipulation, and deletion.
 Java Collection means a single unit of objects.
Java Collection framework provides many
interfaces (Set, List, Queue, Deque) and classes
(ArrayList, Vector, LinkedList, PriorityQueue,
HashSet, LinkedHashSet, TreeSet).
What is Collection in Java
 A Collection represents a single unit of

objects, i.e., a group.
What is a framework in Java
 It provides readymade architecture.

 It represents a set of classes and interfaces.
 It is optional.
What is Collection framework

 The Collection framework represents a
unified architecture for storing and

manipulating a group of objects. It has:
 Interfaces and its implementations, i.e.,
classes
 Algorithm
Hierarchy of Collection Framework
 Let us see the hierarchy of Collection
framework. The java.util package contains all
the classes and interfaces for the Collection
framework.
Methods of Collection Interface
No. Method Description
1 public boolean add(E e) It is used to insert an element in this collection.
2 public boolean It is used to insert the specified collection

addAll(Collection<? extends elements in the invoking collection.
E> c)
3 public boolean It is used to delete an element from the
remove(Object element) collection.
4 public boolean It is used to delete all the elements of the
removeAll(Collection<?> c) specified collection from the invoking collection.
5 default boolean It is used to delete all the elements of the

removeIf(Predicate<? super collection that satisfy the specified predicate.
E> filter)
6 public boolean It is used to delete all the elements of invoking
retainAll(Collection<?> c) collection except the specified collection.
7 public int size() It returns the total number of elements in the

collection.
8 public void clear() It removes the total number of elements from
the collection.
9 public boolean It is used to search an element.
contains(Object element)
10 public boolean It is used to search the specified collection in

containsAll(Collection<?> c) the collection.
public Iterator iterator() It returns an iterator.
public Object[] toArray() It converts collection into array.
public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) It converts collection into array. Here, the
runtime type of the returned array is that of the
specified array.
public boolean isEmpty() It checks if collection is empty.
default Stream<E> It returns a possibly parallel Stream with the
parallelStream() collection as its source.
default Stream<E> stream() It returns a sequential Stream with the
collection as its source.
default Spliterator<E> It generates a Spliterator over the specified
spliterator() elements in the collection.
public boolean It matches two collections.
equals(Object element)
public int hashCode() It returns the hash code number of the
collection.
Iterator interface
 Iterator interface provides the facility of

iterating the elements in a forward direction
only.
No Method Description
.
1 public boolean hasNext() It returns true if the iterator has
more elements otherwise it
returns false.
2 public Object next() It returns the element and moves

the cursor pointer to the next
element.
3 public void remove() It removes the last elements

returned by the iterator. It is less
used.
Iterable Interface
 The Iterable interface is the root interface for

all the collection classes. The Collection
interface extends the Iterable interface and
therefore all the subclasses of Collection
interface also implement the Iterable
interface. It contains only one abstract
method. i.e.,
 Iterator<T> iterator()
It returns the iterator over the elements of type

T.
Collection Interface
 The Collection interface is the interface which is

implemented by all the classes in the collection
framework. It declares the methods that every
collection will have. In other words, we can say
that the Collection interface builds the foundation
on which the collection framework depends.
 Some of the methods of Collection interface are
Boolean add ( Object obj), Boolean addAll
( Collection c), void clear(), etc. which are
implemented by all the subclasses of Collection
interface.
List Interface
 List interface is the child interface of Collection interface.

It inhibits a list type data structure in which we can store
the ordered collection of objects. It can have duplicate
values.
 List interface is implemented by the classes ArrayList,
LinkedList, Vector, and Stack.
 To instantiate the List interface, we must use :
◦ List <data-type> list1= new ArrayList();
◦ List <data-type> list2 = new LinkedList();
◦ List <data-type> list3 = new Vector();
◦ List <data-type> list4 = new Stack();
 There are various methods in List interface that can be
used to insert, delete, and access the elements from the
list.

Collections in Java

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Collections in Java

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Collections in Java

 A Collection represents a single unit of

 It provides readymade architecture.

What is Collection framework

unified architecture for storing and

2 public boolean It is used to insert the specified collection

5 default boolean It is used to delete all the elements of the

7 public int size() It returns the total number of elements in the

10 public boolean It is used to search the specified collection in

 Iterator interface provides the facility of

2 public Object next() It returns the element and moves

3 public void remove() It removes the last elements

 The Iterable interface is the root interface for

It returns the iterator over the elements of type

 The Collection interface is the interface which is

 List interface is the child interface of Collection interface.

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