Binary Conversions

 Binary to decimal
 Decimal to binary
 Convert Binary to Decimal
 Step 1 - Write the binary number in a row,
separating the digits into columns.

Number 1 1 0 1
 Convert Binary to Decimal
 Step 2 - I want to decide whether each digit placeholder
is "ON" or "OFF.“
 "1" is "ON" and a "0" is "OFF.“
 We don't have to calculate any digit placeholders that
are turned off.

Number 1 1 0 1

ON/OFF On On Off ON
 Convert Binary to Decimal
 Step 3 - Write the exponential expressions ("powers of two") that
represent each placeholder and multiply each expression by 1.
 We do this only for the placeholders that are turned ON.
 For the placeholders which are turned OFF, we simply bring down
the zero from the number itself

Number 1 1 0 1

ON/OFF On On Off ON

Exponential 2³*1 2²*1 0 2º*1

Expression
 Convert Binary to Decimal
 Step 4 - Calculate the exponents to get a simple
multiplication expression for each placeholder.

Number 1 1 0 1

ON/OFF On On Off ON
Exponential 2³*1 2²*1 0 2º*1
Expression
Calculated 8*1 4*1 0 1*1
Exponent
 Convert Binary to Decimal
 Step 5 - Solve the multiplication expressions
from step #4.

Number 1 1 0 1

ON/OFF On On Off ON
Exponential 2³*1 2²*1 0 2º*1
Expression
Calculated 8*1 4*1 0 1*1
Exponent
Solved 8 4 0 1
Multiplication
 Convert Binary to Decimal
 Step 6 - Add all the multiplication answers from
step #5 together to get our decimal number
Number 1 1 0 1

ON/OFF On On Off ON
Exponential 2³*1 2²*1 0 2º*1
Expression
Calculated 8*1 4*1 0 1*1
Exponent
Solved 8 4 0 1
Multiplication
Add to
calculate
8+4+0+1=13
Value
 Convert Binary to Decimal
Example
Number 1 0 1 1 0 1

ON/OFF On Off On On Off On

Exponential 25 0 2³ 2² 0 2º*1
Expression
Calculated 32*1 0 8*1 4*1 0 1*1
Exponent
Solved 32 0 8 4 0 1
Multiplication
Add to 32+0+8+4+0+1=45
calculate
Value
Covert Decimal to Binary
 Step 1 - Take the decimal number and divide it
by 2.
 Important: NEVER carry your divisions past the
decimal point!

Decimal Number=97
Division Quotient Remainder
Expression
97/2 48 1
Covert Decimal to Binary
 Step 2 - For each subsequent row, take the quotient
from the previous row and divide it by two

Decimal Number=97
Division Expression Quotient Remainder
97/2 48 1
48/2 24 0
24/2 12 0
12/2 6 0
6/2 3 0
3/2 1 1
1/2 0 1
Covert Decimal to Binary
 Step 3 – The remainder column only has
ones or zeros.
 The last cell in the remainder column of
the last row must be a "1".
 Read the 1s and 0s in the remainder
column from the bottom to the top, we'll
have our binary number!
Covert Decimal to Binary
Decimal Number=97
Division Quotient Remainder Direction
Expression
97/2 48 1
48/2 24 0
24/2 12 0
12/2 6 0

Read
6/2 3 0
3/2 1 1
1/2 0 1
Binary Number=1100001
Whiteboard Examples In Class
Correction
1 0 0 1 0 1
37
DE Q R
25 24 23 22 21 20
37/2 18 1
18/2 9 0 32*1 16*0 8*0 4*1 2*0 1*1

9/2 4 1
Read

32 0 0 4 0 1
4/2 2 0
2/2 1 0 32+0+0+4+0+1= 37

1/2 0 1
The last cell in the remainder column of the last row must be a "1“
because we need to use whole numbers (nonnegative integers).
1 ÷ 2 = 0 because 1 can not be divided into, 1 is the remainder.

37 (Odd Number) 36 (Even Number

DE Q R DE Q R
37/2 18 1 36/2 18 0
18/2 9 0 Read 18/2 9 0

Read
9/2 4 1 9/2 4 1
4/2 2 0 4/2 2 0
2/2 1 0 2/2 1 0
1/2 0 1 1/2 0 1
Hexadecimal
Conversation and
ASCII
Hexa + Decimal
 Base-16 number system
 It’s all Greek to me
 “Sexa” = Latin = Six
 “Decimal” = Latin = Ten
 In 1963 IBM thought “Sexadecimal” was not politically
correct
 “Hexa” = Greek = Six
 Since the western alphabet contains only ten digits,
hexadecimal uses the letters A-F to represent the
digits ten through fifteen.
Hexadecimal and Computing
 It is much easier to work with large
numbers using hexadecimal values than
decimal or binary.
 One Hexadecimal digit = 4bits
 Two hexadecimal digits = 8 bits
 Eight bits=1 byte
 This makes conversions between
hexadecimal and binary very easy
Counting Hexadecimal
 Starting from zero, we count 00, 01,
02,03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 0A, 0B, 0C,
0D, 0E, 0F,10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17
18, 19, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 20, 21, 22,
23, 24, 25,....
Decimal Binary Hexadecimal
0 0000 0
1 0001 1
2 0010 2
3 0011 3
4 0100 4
5 0101 5
6 0110 6
7 0111 7
8 1000 8
9 1001 9
10 1010 a
11 1011 b
12 1100 c
13 1101 d
14 1110 e
15 1111 f
Convert Hexadecimal to
Decimal
1 1 A =10 8

163 162 161 160

4096*1 256*1 16*10 8*1

4096 256 160 8

4096+256+160+8= 4520
Convert Decimal to Hexadecimal
4520
DE Q R
4520/16 282 (.5*16)=8
282/16 17 (.625*16)=10
10=A

Read
17/16 1 (.0625*16)=1
1/16 0 (.0625*16)=1
11A8
 Quotient must be a whole number.
 If decimal, multiply decimal portion by 16 for remainder.
 Remainder must be a whole number.
Convert Hexadecimal to Binary
Hex 1 A B
 Convert each
hexadecimal digit into
its 4-bit binary Bin 0001 1010 1011
equivalent.
 1AB
000110101011
Convert Binary to Hexadecimal
 Converteach 4bit binary
digit into its hexadecimal
equivalent starting from Bin 0001 1010 1011
the right.
 If there is an odd number Hex 1 A B
of bits, add zeros to the
left to make a complete
4bit digit. 1AB
 110101011
Uses
 Web pages
 http://www.psyclops.com/tools/rgb/
 Networking
 MAC address
 Programming
 C, C++, C#, Java, Assembly
 Geeky T-shirts
 DEADB4C0FFEE
ASCII
 American Standard Code for Information
Interchange
 Each character is 7bits + 1bit for parity = 1byte
 Represents English characters as numbers, with
each letter assigned a number from 0 to 127
 This makes it possible to transfer data from one
computer to another.
 Used to store text files
 http://www.pcguide.com/res/tablesASCII-c.html
 http://nickciske.com/tools/binary.php
Conversion Lab
 Section I: Converting from Decimal to Binary
 1) 11
 2) 27
 3) 54
 4) 113
 5) 273
 Section II: Converting from Binary to Decimal
 6) 101
 7) 1011
 8) 10100
 9) 111010
 10) 1010001
Conversion Lab
 Section III: Convert Hexadecimal to Binary
 11) 43B
 12) DAB
 13) 954
 14) C0FFEE
 15) B0A
 Section IV: Convert Binary to Hexadecimal
 16) 11000001111
 17) 10100011110
 18) 100110
 19) 11011110
 20) 101110110001
Conversion Lab
 Section V: Convert Hexadecimal to Decimal
 21) FF2
 22) 45
 23) 19D
 24) 345
 25) AA
 Section VI: Convert Decimal to Hexadecimal
 26) 27
 27) 85
 28) 562
 29) 4522
 30) 5627