P R O B L E M - S O LV I N G

METHOD IN
TEACHING

Presented by- Dr. Subrata Biswas

Assistant Professor in Physics
Ramakrishna Mission Brahmananda
College of Education
Rahara, Kolkata-700118
 Introduction
The problem-solving method is a highly effective
teaching strategy that is designed to help students
develop critical thinking skills and problem-
solving abilities. It involves providing students
with real-world problems and challenges that
require them to apply their knowledge, skills, and
creativity to find solutions. This method
encourages active learning, promotes
collaboration, and allows students to take
ownership of their learning.
 Definitions of Problem Solving Method
According to Skinner, “Problem solving is
the process of overcoming difficulties that hinder the
achievement of a goal."

According to John Dewey, "Problem solving is

woven into the fabric of logical thinking. The
problem determines the goal and the goal controls
the thinking process."

According to Risk, “Problem solving is a planned act

with the aim of finding a satisfactory solution to a
difficulty or complexity. It does not involve mere
gathering of facts or irrational acceptance of the views
of a scholar, but it is thoughtful thinking process."
 Criteria for Problem Selection
The problem
1. should be intellectually challenging to children.
2. should not be entirely unfamiliar to the learners.
3. Should be related to their previous experience.
4. Should be related to a basic human activity and actual life situations.
5. should have practical relevance.
6. should have the potential to create interest among in learners
7. should have thought provoking
8. should be workable with the resources available
9. should be feasible within the time
 Steps in Problem-Solving Method
1. Identifying the problem

2. Analyzing the problem e

3. Generating Solutions or Hypothesis

4. Evaluating solutions

5. Selecting the best solution

 Verification of the Concluded Solution or Hypothesis
• The solution arrived at or the conclusion drawn must be
further verified by utilizing it in solving various other
likewise problems.
• The verified solution may then become a useful product
of the problem-solving behavior that can be utilized in
solving further problems.
• It can be utilized in solving various problems thereby
fostering creative thinking ability in an individual.
 Teachers Role in Problem Solving Method
1. To analyze the situation in parts 6. Supply only extra information regarding the problem.

2. To recall previously known similar

cases and general rules that apply 7. Establish rapport with the students for the smooth
completion of the problem.
3. Maintains the spirit of discovery among the students.

8. Get them to evaluate each suggestion carefully by

4. Provide proper guidance to the students from the encouraging them.
beginning till the solutions is reached.

5. Extend optimum help to each student in case

difficulties are experienced.

9. To build an outline on the board and proper use diagrams and graphs.
 Merits of Problem-Solving Method

• It Encourages active learning

• It Promotes collaboration in learning
• It Builds higher level of critical thinking skills among students
• It Increases motivation among the students
• It Enhances creativity
• It develops values of tolerance and open mindedness.
• It helps for the easy assimilation of knowledge.
• It helps to establish harmonious relations between teacher and pupils
• This method can be used effectively in other non- science related subjects.
• The students become appreciative and grateful for the achievement of scientists.
• The students learn to accept the opinions and evidence shared by others.
 1. Will become monotonous if used too
frequently.
7. Small children do not posses
2. Can easily lead to the selection sufficient background information. So
of trivial and untimely topics. they can not participate in discussion.

3. Involves mental activity

only. Demerits of
4. Involves lots Problem-
8. Appropriate for
of times. Solving developing cognitive
5. Time consuming process, Method competencies, but not
teacher may find it difficult for bringing about affective
to complete the syllabus changes.

9. Students may not have

6. Need very capable teacher to
adequate reference and sources
provide effective guidance and
books.
knowledge to students.
 Conclusion
The problem-solving method is an effective
teaching strategy that promotes critical thinking,
creativity, and collaboration. It provides students with
real-world problems that require them to apply their
knowledge and skills to find solutions. By using the
problem-solving method, teachers can help their
students develop the skills they need to succeed in school
and in life.
 References

1. Jonassen, D. (2011). Learning to solve problems: A handbook for designing problemsolving learning
environments. Routledge.
2. Hmelo-Silver, C. E. (2004). Problem-based learning: What and how do students learn? Educational
Psychology Review, 16(3), 235-266.
3. Mergendoller, J. R., Maxwell, N. L., & Bellisimo, Y. (2006). The effectiveness of problem-based
instruction: A comparative study of instructional methods and student characteristics. Interdisciplinary
Journal of Problem-based Learning, 1(2), 49-69.
4. Richey, R. C., Klein, J. D., & Tracey, M. W. (2011). The instructional design knowledge base: Theory,
research, and practice. Routledge.
5. Savery, J. R., & Duffy, T. M. (2001). Problem-based learning: An instructional model and its
constructivist framework. CRLT Technical Report No. 16-01, University of Michigan.
6. Wojcikowski, J. (2013). Solving real-world problems through problembased learning. College Teaching,
61(4), 153-15.