History 2

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History

History
According to Zeus Salazar

“Ang Kasaysayan ay salaysay na may


saysay”
Who are Historians?
• People who study history
• Ask questions and try to find evidence
about life in the past
• They examine the past by searching for
clues
Historian
Therefore, it is the historians job not
to seek historical evidences and facts
but also to interpret these facts.

“Facts cannot speak for themselves”


Historian
It is the job of the historian to give
meaning to these facts and organize
them into a timeline, establish causes,
and write history.
Historian
Historians only get to access
representations of the past through
historical sources and evidences.
Historical
• This are documents, artifacts, archeological sites,
Sources
features, oral transmissions, stone inscriptions,
paintings, recorded sounds, images and oral history.
Even ancient relics and ruins, broadly speaking are
historical sources
Two Classifications
Primary
Sources
Sources that are produced at the same time as the event.
Examples: autobiographies, archival documents, artifacts,
memorabilia, letters, census etc.

Secondary
Sources that are produced by an author who used primary
Sources
sources to produced materials.
Examples: biographies, textbooks, dissertations,
newspaper (editorial/opinion pieces) and such…
Both primary and secondary sources are useful in writing
and learning history. However, historians need to
scrutinize this historical sources to avoid deception and
to come up with historical truth.
EXTERNAL CRITICISM
 Practice of verifying the authenticity of evidence
by examining its physical characteristics.
 Quality of the paper, type of the ink, language and words used

INTERNAL CRITICISM
 Examination of the truthfulness of the evidence
 Content of the source and the circumstance of the production,
author of the source, context, agenda behind the creation,
Conclusion
Validating historical sources is important because the
used of unverified, falsified, and untruthful sources can
lead to equally false conclusions. Without thorough
criticisms of historical evidences; historical deceptions
and lies will be highly probable.
Assignment:
Group yourselves into 5 groups for your reporting next
week. Each group must prepare a 10 item quiz for your
classmates. 2 reporters per day.
Group Topics:
• GROUP 1: First Voyage Around the World by Magellan by
Antonio Pigafetta
• GROUP 2: KKK and the Kartilya ng Katipunan
• GROUP 3: Proclamation of the Philippine Independence
• GROUP 4: A Glance at Selected Philippine Political Caricature of
the American Era
• GROUP 5: Revisiting Corazon Aquino’s Speech Before the U.S
Congress
Thank You
for
listening!

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