Lifeskills Module 6

Module 6
RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF WORKERS AND EMPLOYERS

Objectives:
By the end of the module, you will:

 Understand the concepts of rights and responsibilities
 Be familiar with the rights & responsibilities of workers
and employers in the Philippines
 Know how to apply one’s rights and responsibilities in the
workplace
Ponder on this:
“Ang bawat karapatan ay may kaakibat

na responsibilidad”
Every right implies a responsibility.
Pre-Test
 What is human rights?
 Give 5 human rights.
 Give 3 rights of a worker.

Human Rights
Rights vs Responsibility
‘right’is anything that is due to a person by

law or tradition. A general definition for
‘responsibility’ is a duty or obligation;
something for which one is accountable.
Activity 1
Activity Right Responsibility
1. Receive fair pay at the correct time
2. Do all work in a safe manner and be mindful of other people’s safety at all times
3. Arrive on time and stay until the workday has ended
4. Have time for regular breaks
5. Work in a safe workplace
6. Use all equipment safely
7. Handle with care the equipment and materials at the workplace
8. Return materials and/or equipment after use
9. Wear protective clothing, gear or paraphernalia
10. Be trained in how to use equipment
SESSION 2: RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THE
LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
Statement True or False
1. The Philippine work week consists of 45 hours.
2. Young people under the age of 15 may work if they have their
parent’s permission.
3. Employers may require its employees to work even during rest
days.
4. Workers should not get involved in policy decisions about his/her
rights because the government is the one making those decisions.
5. Workers are entitled to paid leave at the employer’s expense.
Provisions under the Labor Code of the
Philippines
 Art. 83. Normal hours of work. The normal hours of work of any employee shall not
exceed eight (8) hours a day.
 Art. 211. Declaration of Policy. It is the policy of the State: To ensure the participation
of workers in decision and policy‐making processes affecting their rights, duties and
welfare.
 Art. 139. Minimum employable age.
a. No child below fifteen (15) years of age shall be employed, except when he
works directly under the sole responsibility of his parents or guardian, and his
employment does not in any way interfere with his schooling.
Philippines
 Art. 92. When employer may require work on a rest day. The employer may require his employees to
work on any day:
a. In case of actual or impending emergencies caused by serious accident, fire, flood, typhoon,
earthquake, epidemic or other disaster or calamity to prevent loss of life and property, or imminent danger
to public safety;
 b. In cases of urgent work to be performed on the machinery, equipment, or installation, to avoid serious loss
which the employer would otherwise suffer;
 c. In the event of abnormal pressure of work due to special circumstances, where the employer cannot ordinarily
be expected to resort to other measures;
 d. To prevent loss or damage to perishable goods;
 e. Where the nature of the work requires continuous operations, and the stoppage of work may result in
irreparable injury or loss to the employer; and
 f. Under other circumstances analogous or like the foregoing as determined by the Secretary of Labor and
Employment.
Philippines
 Art. 95. Right to service incentive leave.

a. Every employee who has rendered at least one year of service shall be entitled
to a yearly service incentive leave of five days with pay.
b. This provision shall not apply to those who are already enjoying the benefit
herein provided, those enjoying vacation leave with pay of at least five days and those
employed in establishments regularly employing less than ten employees or in
establishments exempted from granting this benefit by the Secretary of Labor and
Employment after considering the viability or financial condition of such establishment.
Other Rights of the workers
 Right to freedom from sexual harassment

Republic Act No. 7877 – Anti Sexual Harassment Act. [This is a modification of
the original language] The law provides protection to individuals from all forms of
sexual harassment in an employment, education or training environment.
 Right to a safe and healthy workplace
Art. 162. Safety and health standards. The Secretary of Labor and Employment
shall, by appropriate orders, set and enforce mandatory occupational safety and health
standards to eliminate or reduce occupational safety and health hazards in all
workplaces and institute new, and update existing, programs to ensure safe and
healthful working conditions in all places of employment.
Other Rights of the workers
 Hours of Work
Art. 83. Normal hours of work. The normal hours of work of any employee shall not
exceed eight (8) hours a day. Rest periods of short duration during working hours shall be
counted as hours worked.
Art. 87. Overtime work. Work may be performed beyond eight (8) hours a day
provided that the employee is paid for the overtime work, an additional compensation
equivalent to his regular wage plus at least twenty‐five percent (25%) thereof. Work
performed beyond eight hours on a holiday or rest day shall be paid an additional
compensation equivalent to the rate of the first eight hours on a holiday or rest day plus at
least thirty percent (30%) thereof.
Employer vs. Worker
LET US
REMEMBER
Case Study 1:
 Scenario 1:
Melanie has been hired to work as an office assistant for a new

business in Zamboanga. After being on the job for about a month, one
day her supervisor told her that if she would spend the night with him,
he would make sure she will be promoted. She said she was not
interested but he cornered her, twisted her arm behind her, and
threatened to fire her if she didn’t comply with his demands. Melanie
was able to run away and tells her friends about the incident.
What is the issue? Human right affected What group or
organization can help in
the issue?
Case Study 2:
 Scenario 2:
Manny recently started working for a construction company. His

supervisor told him that because he was so smart and fit for the job, he
did not need training in the use of the equipment. He would learn by
doing instead. One day he was trying to use a table saw that he had
never used before. He cut himself badly on one of his hands, and it
began to bleed profusely, but he did not know where the first aid kit
was located.
the issue?
Case Study 3:
 Scenario 3:
Betsay, a young, single mother, had been working long hours at

the restaurant. She hadn’t had a day off in over a month and often
worked 55 hours per week. One day her child became very sick with
dengue so she called the restaurant to let them know she could not
come to work. Her boss was annoyed, murmuring that she will look for
someone more reliable than Betsay. Betsay became worried she was
going to lose her job.
the issue?
End of the Module Assessment
1. Universal human rights include the following:

a. The right to education
b. The right to shelter
c. The right to practice the religion of your choice
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
2. ‘Rights’ and ‘responsibilities’ are the same for employers and employees.
a. True
b. False
3. In the Philippines, an employer is required to provide the following except:

a. Provide regular breaks for employees
b. Maintain a safe workplace
d. Pay for employee’s transportation to work
e. All of the above
4. In the Philippines, an employee has the responsibility to:

a. Respect and follow directions given by the employer
b. Avoid hazards at the workplace
c. Keep equipment in good working order
d. Show up on time
e. All of the above
5. The Filipino work week consists of:

a. 25 hours
b. 35 hours
c. 50 hours
d. 40 hours
e. none of the above
6. The Filipino Labor law protects workers against harassment, intimidation

and violence.
a. True
b. False
7. It is okay for children under 15 to work for pay outside the home.
a. True
b. False
8. As a worker, you should have:

a. One day off per week
b. Right to overtime after 8 hours a day of work
c. Access to safety equipment if required to do job safely
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
9. Women should not report sexual harassment by their supervisors because

they will lose their job.
a. True
b. False
10. Filipino labor law protects adults, not youth.

a. True
b. False

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Module 6

RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF WORKERS AND EMPLOYERS

By the end of the module, you will:

“Ang bawat karapatan ay may kaakibat

 What is human rights?

 Give 5 human rights.

 Give 3 rights of a worker.

‘right’is anything that is due to a person by

 Art. 95. Right to service incentive leave.

 Right to freedom from sexual harassment

Melanie has been hired to work as an office assistant for a new

Manny recently started working for a construction company. His

Betsay, a young, single mother, had been working long hours at

1. Universal human rights include the following:

3. In the Philippines, an employer is required to provide the following except:

4. In the Philippines, an employee has the responsibility to:

5. The Filipino work week consists of:

6. The Filipino Labor law protects workers against harassment, intimidation

8. As a worker, you should have:

9. Women should not report sexual harassment by their supervisors because

10. Filipino labor law protects adults, not youth.

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