Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 19 views

    Ethical Issues in Cancer Screening

    Uploaded by

    gjnwtbvz9g

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ethical Issues in Cancer Screening

    Uploaded by

    gjnwtbvz9g
    19 views11 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    19 views11 pages

    Ethical Issues in Cancer Screening

    Uploaded by

    gjnwtbvz9g

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Ethical Issues in Cancer Screening

    FNP-590- Health Promotion, Education and Disease Prevention Across the Lifespan

    Rebecca Alonso

    Rocio Alvarez Tabatabai

    Tameshia Clark

    Charma Dalope

    Alejandra Fernandez Cerna


    Screening is a process undertaken by an individual in the
    absence of symptoms, who may be at higher risk for disease

    acquisition, for further diagnostic testing in order to intervene or

    modify the natural course of disease (WHO, 2019).


    • Modern medical advancement have created ethical

    dilemmas that challenge clinicians in delivering ethically

    appropriate care among their patients.

    • While screening is a method of early disease

    prevention, one of it’s inherent limitations is the fact that

    some may benefit while others might get harmed.


    Harms of Cancer Screening

    1. Physical Harm

    2. Radiation Exposure

    3. False-Negative Result

    4. False-Positive Result
    Harms of Cancer Screening

    4. Overdiagnosis

    5. Psychological Harm

    6. Incidental Findings

    (Jaber, 2022)
    Bioethical Dilemmas in Cancer Screening

    • Informed Consent/Autonomy – patient may be misinformed of potential

    risk of participation in the screening program (Elton, 2020).

    • Non-Maleficence– screening can lead to misdiagnosis which can cause

    unnecessary harm (Elton, 2020).


    Role of Practitioner

    • Practitioners should base recommendation on the

    premise of ethical principles that serve as a useful

    guide in determining the need to do the screening.

    • Provision of clear information to patients which also

    includes the risks of doing the screening.


    Role of Practitioner

    • Shared decision-making- The decision to undergo the

    screening is made jointly by both clinician and patient

    (Schrager et al, 2017).

    • Greater transparency - using the best possible evidence

    available in making recommendations.


    Conclusion
    The implication that all individuals undergo cancer screening may bring benefits but

    also harm. Yes, it can be done, however, it does not mean that it has to be done.

    The ethical principles in screening combined with evidence-based knowledge guide

    the practitioner in sound provision of recommendation, however, patients should be

    able to choose to follow those decisions that apply values most similar to their own.
    Thank you…
    References

    Elton, L. (2020). Non-maleficence and the ethics of consent to cancer screening. Journal of Medical Ethics.

    DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2020-106135

    Jaber, N. (2022, November 23). Cancer screening guidelines lack information on harms. National Cancer

    Institute.

    https://www.cancer.gov/news-events/cancer-currents-blog/2022/cancer-screening-guidelines-lack-h

    arms

    Schrager, S.B., Phillips, G., Burnside, E. (2017). A simple approach to shared decision making in cancer

    screening. Family Practice Management. 24 (3): 5-10.

    WHO (2019). Screening. Geneva, World Health Organization

    (https://www.who.int/cancer/prevention/diagnosis-screening/screening/en

    You might also like