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    1 Noise

    Uploaded by

    Hari Krishnan
    Noise

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    1 Noise

    Uploaded by

    Hari Krishnan
    3 views45 pages
    Noise

    Original Title

    1.Noise

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    Noise

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    3 views45 pages

    1 Noise

    Uploaded by

    Hari Krishnan
    Noise

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 45

    • Noise is unwanted sound.

    Community Noise pollution


    The sources of community noise

    • Transportation systems, • Construction work,


    • Motor vehicle noise, • Barking dogs,
    • Aircraft noise and rail noise • Appliances,
    • Industrial machine • Power tools,
    • Car alarms, • Lighting hum,
    • Emergency service sirens, • Audio entertainment
    • Office equipment, systems, loudspeakers and
    • Factory machinery, noisy people.
    SPEED OF SOUND IN DIFFERENT MEDIUM

    • MEDIUMSOUND VELOCITY m/s


    • AIR 330
    • WOOD(SOFT) 3400
    • WATER (205oC) 1400
    • CONCRETE 3100
    • STEEL 5000
    • GLASS 5500
    STATUTORY PROVISION AS PER
    FACTORIES ACT 1948
    SPL IN dB(A) TOTAL PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE TIME IN HRS. PER
    DAY
    • 90 8

    • 92 6

    • 95 4

    • 97 3

    • 100 2

    • 102 1½

    • 105 1

    • 107 ¾

    • 110 ½

    • 115 ¼
    No exposure is allowed beyond 115 dB (A)
    Noise health effects
    • Noise can cause
    • Hearing impairment,
    • Hypertension,
    • Increase Pulse rate
    • Annoyance,
    • Tinnitus
    • Sleep Disturbance,
    DIFFERENCE IN DECIBELS BETWEEN TWO
    LEVELS BEING ADDED
    Addition of Sound Levels
    Difference between two Decibel Levels Amount to be added to larger level to
    to be added obtain Decibel Sum (dB)

    0 3.0
    1 2.6
    2 2.1
    3 1.8
    4 1.4
    5 1.2
    6 1.0
    Addition of Sound Levels
    Difference between two Decibel Levels Difference between two Decibel Levels
    to be added to be added

    7 0.8
    8 0.6
    9 0.5
    10 0.4
    11 0.3
    12 0.2
    • Noise attenuation at a distance D2, knowing
    the SPL at distance D1 is given by

    where D is the distance. If the distance is


    doubled, the equation simplifies to 20 *
    log10(2) which equals 6.02 (or approx. 6)
    Background noise

    • Background noise is any sound other than the sound being


    monitored. Background noise is a form of noise pollution or
    interference.
    • Examples of background noises are environmental noises
    such as
    • Waves,
    • Traffic noise,
    • Alarms,
    • People talking,
    • Bioacoustic noise from animals or birds and
    • Mechanical noise from devices such as refrigerators or
    air conditioning, power supplies or motors.
    • Impulse Noise, Such as that produced by a
    drop Hammer, Shows A rapid Change In Level.
    The impact- noise analyzer may be used for
    field measurements of peak sound pressures
    and approximate impulse delay times.
    PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LEVELS OF
    IMPULSIVE OR IMPACT NOISE
    PEAK SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL PERMITTED NO.OF IMPULS OR
    IN dB IMPACT PER DAY

    140 100
    135 315
    130 1000
    125 3160
    120 10000
    Weighting filter
    • A-weighting filter is commonly used to emphasize
    frequencies around 3–6 kHz where the human
    ear is most sensitive, while attenuating very high
    and very low frequencies to which the ear is
    insensitive. While the A-weighting curve has been
    widely adopted for environmental noise
    measurement, and is standard in many sound
    level meters,
    • The B and C curves were intended for louder
    sounds (though they are less used) while the
    D curve is used in assessing loud aircraft noise.
    16bsfg
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    NOISE TRANSFER FROM SOURCE TO RECEIVER

    i
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    Sound Insulation
    partition.

    Vibration Isolating Mount


    ADJUSTABLE SPRRING ISOLATOR

    GLASS FIBRE BLOCK ISOLATOR


    RUBBER – IN – SHEAR ISOLATOR

    LOW FREQUENCY ISOLATING PAD


    REACTIVE ATTENUATOR
    REACTIVE EXHAUST ATTENUATOR
    EARPLUGS
    Earplugs made from silicone rubber.
    Earmuffs
    Types of noise control

    • There are four basic principles of noise control:


    • Sound insulation: prevent the transmission of noise by the introduction of
    a mass barrier. Common materials have high-density properties such as
    brick, concrete, metal etc.
    • Sound absorption: a porous material which acts as a ‘noise sponge’ by
    converting the sound energy into heat within the material. Common
    sound absorption materials include open cell foams and fiberglass
    • Vibration damping: applicable for large vibrating surfaces. The damping
    mechanism works by extracting the vibration energy from the thin sheet
    and dissipating it as heat. A common material is sound deadened steel.
    • Vibration isolation: prevents transmission of vibration energy from a
    source to a receiver by introducing a flexible element or a physical break.
    Common vibration isolators are springs, rubber mounts, cork etc.
    Noise dosimeter

    • A noise dosimeter is a specialised sound level


    meter intended specifically to measure the
    noise exposure of a person integrated over a
    period of time.
    • 1.1.3 Daily Noise Dose
    When the daily noise exposure consists of periods of
    different noise levels, the daily dose (D) shall not equal
    or exceed 100, as calculated according to the following
    formula:
    • D = [C1/T1 + C2/T2 + ... + Cn/Tn]

    Where
    – Cn = total time of exposure at a specified noise level, and
    – Tn = exposure duration for which noise at this level
    becomes hazardous.
    What is Leq
    • Leq is the constant noise level that would
    result in the same total sound energy being
    produced over a given period. It can be
    measured in either A, C or Z (Linear) modes.
    • Leq can be described mathematically by the
    following equation:
    •Leq is the equivalent continuous linear weighted sound pressure level re 20µPa.

    •determined over a measured time interval Tm (secs)

    •P(t) is the instantaneous sound pressure of the sound signal

    •P0 is the reference sound pressure of 20µPa

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