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    Hip Joint

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    Thakur nachiketh singh

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Hip Joint

    Uploaded by

    Thakur nachiketh singh
    4 views15 pages

    Original Title

    HIP JOINT

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4 views15 pages

    Hip Joint

    Uploaded by

    Thakur nachiketh singh

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    HIP JOINT

    • SYNOVIAL JOINT
    • Sub type: ball and socket joint
    • Articular surfaces:
    Head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of
    the hip bone.
    Head of the femur forms more than half a sphere , and
    is covered with hyaline cartilage except at the fovea
    capitis.
    The acetabulum presents a horseshoe shaped ,
    lunate articular surface, an acetabular notch
    and an acetabular fossa .
    Lunate surface is covered with cartilage.
    • Hip joint is unique in having a high degree of
    stability as well as mobility.
    The stability or strength depends upon :
    1.Depth of the acetabulum and the narrowing of
    its mouth by the acetabular labrum.
    2.Tension and strength of ligaments
    3.Strength of surrounding muscles.
    4.Length and obliquity of the neck of the femur.
    5.Atmospheric pressure: a fairly wide range of
    mobility is possible because of the fact that the
    femur has a long neck which is narrower than
    the equatorial diameter of the head.
    • Ligaments:
    • The fibrous capsule
    • Iliofemoral ligament
    • The pubofemoral ligament
    • The ischoifemoral ligament
    • The ligament of head of the femur
    • The acetabular labrum
    • The transverse acetabular ligament
    • Fibrous capsule
    • Fibrous capsule:
    It is attached on the hip bone to the actabular labrum including
    the transverse acetabular ligament,
    And on the femur to the intertrochenteric line in front, and 1 cm
    medial to the intertrochenteric crest.
    Capsule is made up of 2 types of fibres.
    The outer fibres are longitudinal
    Inner are circular called as zona orbicularis
    • Iliofemoral ligament:
    Y shaped ligament
    Triangular in shape
    Apex is attached to the lower half of the anterior
    inferior iliac spine
    Base to the intertrochenteric line
    • Pubofemoral ligament:
    Triangular in shape.
    Attached to iliopubic eminence ,obturator crest and the
    obturator membrane
    Inferoirly it merges with the anteroinferior part of the
    capsule and with the lower band of the iliofemoral
    ligament
    • Ischiofemoral ligament:
    It is comparatively weak . It covers the joint posteriorly.
    Fibres are twisted and extend from ischium to the
    acetabulum. Some of them are attached to the
    greater trochenter.
    • Ligament of head of femur
    Round ligament or ligamentum teres is a flat and
    triangular ligament. Apex is attached to the fovea
    capitis and base to the transverse ligament and the
    margins of acetabular notch.
    • Acetabular labrum:
    Fibrocartilagenous rim attached to the margins of the
    acetabulum. It narrows the mouth of the
    acetabulum. This helps in holding the head of the
    femur in position.
    • Transverse ligament:
    It is a part of acetabular labrum which bridges the
    acetabular notch . The notch is thus converted into
    foramen which transmits acetabular vessels and
    nerves to the joint.
    • Blood supply:
    Obturator artery
    Two circumflex femoral arteries
    Two gluteal arteries
    Nerve supply:
    Femoral nerve and its muscular branches
    Obturator nerve
    Accessory obturator nerve
    Nerve to the quadratus femoris
    Superior gluteal nerve.
    • Movements:
    Flexion and extension
    Adduction and abduction
    Medial and lateral rotation
    Circumduction.
    Clinical anatomy:
    Hip joint dislocation
    Hip fracture: occurs in the upper part of the
    femur.

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