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    Brief History

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    elladyanespulgar04

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    Brief History

    Uploaded by

    elladyanespulgar04
    7 views22 pages

    Original Title

    3. Brief History

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    7 views22 pages

    Brief History

    Uploaded by

    elladyanespulgar04

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Brief History

    of
    philosophy
    Periods in Western
    Philosophy
    THALES, PYTHAGORAS, SOCRATIC
    ANCIENT (600-300AD ⮚COSMO-CENTRIC
    PHILOSPHERS.ETC...

    ST. ANSELM, AQUINAS, ST.


    MEDIEVAL (300-1400AD) ⮚THEO-CENTRIC AUGUSTINE..ETC.

    ⮚ANTHROPO- RENE DESCARTES, JOHN LOCKE,


    MODERN (1500-1800AD KARL MARX...ETC.
    CENTRIC

    CONTEMPORARY ⮚ANALYTIC LEO TOLSTOY, FRIEDRICH


    PHILOSOPHY NIETZSCHE, EDMUND
    (1900-PRESENT) ( LANGUGE, HUSSERL...ETC.
    NAT.SCIENCES)
    ⮚FREE FALL
    ANCIENT
    Philosophy
    Pre- Thales, Pythagoras,
    Anaximander...etc.
    Socratic
    Socrates, Aristotle,
    ANCIENT Socratic Plato

    Stoicism (Zeno),
    Hellenistic Cynicism,
    Epicureanism..etc.
    The Ancient greece
    The Ancient greece
    Ancient Greece

    ✣ As Greece is a
    mountainous and
    rather barren
    country, its
    inhabitants have been
    forced to seek new
    lands that would offer
    them work and
    prosperity.
    Across the Aegean Sea

    ✣ In the 6th century


    BC, it is a winding
    series of coastal
    colonies,
    extending from
    the coast of Asia
    Minor to Africa, to
    Spain and to
    southern Italy.
    City of Miletus

    ✣ Among the Greeks


    which have contributed
    greatly to the formation
    of philosophy are the
    Ionians, which was
    spread through Asia
    Minor, the islands of the
    Aegean Sea (Ionia), and
    southern Italy and
    Sicily.
    The first 3 Western Philosophers
    ✣ It is among the colonies of Asia
    Minor that the story of
    philosophy begins, in the
    city of Miletus where the first
    three Western philosophers
    were born and lived:
    ✣ Thales, Anaximander,
    Anaximenes
    ✣ They sought the PRIMARY
    SUBSTANCE.
    Thales(625-545
    BC)
    ✣ Thales is said to have declared the
    primary substance is water.
    ✣ He held that the transformation of
    this fundamental substance is the
    source of all living things.
    ✣ The first acclaimed philosopher. He
    wondered earlier than Pythagoras
    also a philosopher in 6th century.
    Anaximander (610-547
    BC)
    ✣ Primary Substance:
    Boundless, unchanging,
    undefined.
    ✣ Man is a being that has
    evolved from the animals
    of another species lower
    than his, in fact from fish.
    Anaximenes (585-525 BC)
    ✣ Primary Substance: Air- all
    matter is composed of air.
    ✣ Air is central for life- all
    known living creatures need
    air to survive.
    ✣ Air undergoes 2 processes:
    Condensation and
    Rarefaction
    Heraclitus (540-480
    BC)
    “You can not step in the
    same river twice.”
    “The only permanent
    thing in this world is
    CHANGE.”
    Heraclitus (540-480 BC)
    ✣ The world is in a
    constant change.
    ✣ The fundamental
    element of the
    universe was fire
    (not water).
    Pythagoras
    ✣ Number. All things take up
    space, and have measure.
    ✣ The soul is immortal, divine,
    and is subjected to
    metempsychosis.
    ✣ Incarcerated in the body until
    it gets purified and reunited
    with the divine.
    ✣ He coined the “philosophy”
    Leucippus & Democritus
    Leucippus &
    Democritus
    ✣ The atomist held that all matter is
    composed of physical atoms.
    ✣ These atoms are tiny, imperceptible,
    indestructible, indivisible, eternal and
    uncreated.
    ✣ How they combine and interact explain
    different forms and types of matter.
    Ancient Philosophy
    ✣ What is man
    according to the
    ancient Greek
    philosophers?
    ✣ What do you
    think is the
    implication?
    (values)
    Ancient philosophy
    ✣ Greek philosophers
    understand man in
    the context of the
    ✣ world. Man is
    himself a world.
    Man is a microcosm
    Thanks!
    Any question?

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