World War II

World War II
(1939-45)
MOHIYUDDIN MUNEER
22BPS09
Participants of th war
Allied powers
• Great Britain
• United states
• Soviet union
Axis powers
• Germany
• Italy
• japan
Contents
 Causes of World war II
 Entry of USA in the war
 America’s reply to Japan
 Bombing Hiroshima & Nagasaki
 Consequences of the war
 Conclusion
Causes of
World War II
1. Dissatisfaction with Treaty of
Versailles
After WWI, instead of solving the problem, Treaty
of Versailles created more problems. On the basis of
revenge, Germany was asked to give away her
territories & colonies, pay heavy compensations,
reduce military & naval power and was humiliated
and forced to sign it.• Germany was looking for an
opportunity to get rid of this Treaty and this was not
possible without aggressive foreign policy. So, the
war was inevitable (unavoidable).
2. Rise of Fascism and
Nazism
Rise of Dictatorship in Italy and Germany was
another important cause which led to WWII.
Mussolini opposed Treaty of Versailles and
followed aggressive foreign policy. LN couldn't
stop Italy and its Dictator- Mussolini. Similarly in
Germany, Hitler opposed Treaty of Versailles and
even he followed rearmament and aggressive
foreign policy and had started acquiring new
territories. Hitler and Mussolini took the countries
of the world towards another World War.
3. Policy of Appeasement
Policy of Appeasement means accepting the hostile demands of

an aggressive nation to gain peace. England & France believed
that Germany & Italy had reason to fight and so followed
appeasement policy towards both the nation with the hope that
would stop them from going to war again. They also didn't
want Germany & Italy to join Russian Communists. So they
allowed Germany to get its territories back. If England and
France would not have followed this policy, Fascism and
Nazism would not have taken other countries of the world
towards War.
4. Japanese invasion of China
Japan's ambitions rose after WWI.LN opposed
Japan not to enter Manchuria. Still Japan attacked
Manchuria.In 1931, Japan invaded China. China
asked LN to help. But France & England did not
pay any attention to it. Japan joined Berlin & Rome
and formed Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis.Japan left LN
and started acquiring British and American
properties in China. England & France followed
Policy of Appeasement and allowed Japan to
weaken China. Thus, the war was inevitable.
5. Failure of League of Nations
LN was formed to avoid Wars.USA didn't join LN.Even the

members who had joined LN weren't following the principles of
LN.LN could stop small nations. But bigger nations didn't pay
attention to LN.Countries like Italy & Germany weren't even
considering LN's existence.LN failed to maintain world peace.
LN members themselves entered into military alliances and took
the countries of the world towards the war.
6. Hitler's invasion of Poland
Hitler invaded Poland on 1st September 1939 for the
following reasons Treaty of Versailles had divided
Germany into two parts in order to give Poland land
route to Poland upto the sea. Port Danzing was also
given to Poland. Through Danzing, Germany could
get connected with East Prussia. Germany had
accused Poland for being unjust with the Germans
staying there. Germany had signed non-aggression
with Russia in August 1939. And attacked Poland in
September.
A picture is worth a thousand words
ENTRY OF USA INTO THE WAR
USA was strictly neutral during the
war.However, later USA decided to help
Britain and China in order to keep itself safe.
Japan knew that USA, had a US Pacific Fleet
based at Pearl Harbour in Hawaii. On
December 7, 1941 Japan launched a secret
aerial attack on Pearl Harbour. Battleships
were sunk and airfields were destroyed. 3700
were killed. Japanese didn't destroy the ship
repair workshops and didn't destroy US
carriers. As a results the damaged ships were
repaired and back in action.
2,403
Militants died in Pearl Harbour
AMERICA'S REPLY TO JAPAN
Americans attacked SW Pacific
islands controlled by Japan.US
destroyed fleet of Japan. Still Japan
had strong control in China. Japanese
in Philippines, young pilots formed
KAMIKAZE (suicide air corps)
landing planes loaded with explosive
weapons. Even civilians where trained
to use variety of weapons. This made it
more challenging.Long before
attacking Japan, US had worked and
successfully tested it first atomic bomb.
After debate, the decision of using the
bomb was taken.
BOMBING HIROSHIMA & NAGASAKI
Before dropping the atomic bomb on
Japan, they dropped leaflets warning
about the deadly weapon advising
Japanese people and government to
end the fighting.On August 6, 1945
the first atomic bomb was dropped at
Hiroshima. It destroyed half of the
city Hiroshima killing
thousands.Inspite of that Japanese
didn't surrender, so another bomb
was dropped at Nagasaki on August
9,1945.On September 2, 1945, Japan
finally surrendered.After 6 long
years, WWII ended.
66000 & 39000
Died
69,000 & 39000

Injured
Consequences
of the war
1. Defeat of Axis Powers
By 1942, the tide started flowing against
Axis Powers (Germany, Italy &
Japan).Allied powers (Britain, France,
Soviet Union, USA) had recaptured many
territories.Italy was defeated. Rhine was
recaptured & finally defeated
Germany.Hitler committed suicide after
defeat on April 30, 1945.Then it was
Japan's turn. British liberated Myanmar,
Philippines, Singapore and other countries.
Japan was asked to surrender but it didn't
do that. So had to face the consequences in
the form of bombing at Hiroshima and
Nagasaki.
2. Formation of UN
After two wars and failure of LN, in 1945-

Roosevelt (President of USA), Churchill (PM
of Britain) and Stalin (Premier of USSR) in a
meeting decided to form UN.They invited all
nation at San Francisco conference and drew
'Charter of the UN.'On October 24, 1945 UNO
was established.
After war Axis Powers had to face following
consequences:1. Germany was divided into zones and
each zone was under the army of Allied Powers. (West
Germany: Federal Republic Germany-FRG & East
Germany: German Democratic Republic- GDR)2. Japan
and Italy also became very weak. Till 1952, American
army controlled Japan.3. Japan was forced to return all
territories acquired forcefully.
3. Cold War
During WWII, USSR and USA fought together.

However, towards the end the harmony between the two
decreased. Extreme political tension was created due to
two nations. The state of tension where one country
strengthens itself and weaken other with armed conflict
is termed as Cold War. The world was divided into two
power blocs:A) Democratic and Capitalist Bloc
(Western Bloc) led by USAB) Communist Bloc
(Eastern Bloc) led by USSR
Conclusion
World War II, spanning from 1939 to 1945, involved
global conflict with major powers, including the Allies
(led by the U.S., U.K., and Soviet Union) and the Axis
(led by Germany, Italy, and Japan). The war concluded
with the unconditional surrender of Germany and Japan
in 1945. The aftermath led to significant geopolitical
changes, the establishment of the United Nations, and the
beginning of the Cold War between the U.S. and the
Soviet Union. World War II had profound and lasting
effects on the world order.

World War II

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World War II

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World War II

Policy of Appeasement means accepting the hostile demands of

LN was formed to avoid Wars.USA didn't join LN.Even the

69,000 & 39000

After two wars and failure of LN, in 1945-

During WWII, USSR and USA fought together.

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