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Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Method Acting
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
How do scientists choose their
methods?
• Scientists plan their investigations to address a
specific problem or question.
• Their goal is to come up with a scientific
explanation.
• Each problem or question is unique and so
requires a unique method and the proper tools.
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
How do scientists choose their
methods?
• When choosing their methods, scientists rely on
the tools available.
• Scientists, however, know they don’t always have
the tools they need.
• Some tools may be too expensive, and others may
not exist.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
How do scientists choose their
methods?
• Scientists also need to be creative in the ways
they use their tools.
• Tools are useful only if the scientists using them
can interpret the data they provide.
• This skill is a large part of the education of a
scientist.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
How do scientists choose their
methods?
• Based on the subject under study, scientists may
plan to do experiments or fieldwork.
• When doing experiments, scientists control
different variables under precise conditions in a
laboratory.
• Generally, physicists and chemists do a lot of
experiments.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
How do scientists choose their
methods?
• In contrast, scientists doing fieldwork make
observations of what is around them.
• They watch, observe, and try to make sense of
what they see.
• Instead of controlling variables, they try to
determine what variables are at work and how
they relate to each other.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
How do scientists choose their
methods?
• A large part of doing fieldwork is coming to
understand the variables that exist.
• Biologists and geologists generally do a lot of
fieldwork.
• Sometimes, a scientist will do fieldwork and then
take a specimen back to a laboratory to do more
testing.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
Well, Prove It!
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
How do scientific theories become
accepted?
• Some theories are quickly accepted; others are
not.
• A good scientific theory is one that is supported by
most of the evidence and can account for new
observations as they arise.
• Such a theory becomes widely accepted.
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
How do scientific theories become
accepted?
• At times, as new evidence is discovered, scientists
may find that an earlier theory is incorrect or
incomplete.
• Good scientific theories often get modified but are
rarely rejected.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
How can you know who’s right?
• The most reliable scientific information is found in
professional science journals, but it may not be
easy to understand.
• You should be cautious of accepting scientific
explanations from advertisers or anyone trying to
sell you something.
• When you assess any scientific claim, ask yourself
if it makes sense logically and whether the results
support it.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
How can you know who’s right?
• Remember that science does not claim to prove
anything.
• Science attempts to provide an explanation that
agrees with the results of observation and testing.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
A Theory for the Birds
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Dinosaurs take flight
• The fossil Archaeopteryx gave the first solid
evidence linking dinosaurs to modern birds.
• Although it had wings and feathers and may have
been able to fly, it seems it was more dinosaur
than bird.
• It had jaws with teeth, three-fingered claws, and a
tail.
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge

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U1L2 - Scientific Knowledge

  • 1. Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
  • 2. Method Acting Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company How do scientists choose their methods? • Scientists plan their investigations to address a specific problem or question. • Their goal is to come up with a scientific explanation. • Each problem or question is unique and so requires a unique method and the proper tools. Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
  • 3. How do scientists choose their methods? • When choosing their methods, scientists rely on the tools available. • Scientists, however, know they don’t always have the tools they need. • Some tools may be too expensive, and others may not exist. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
  • 4. How do scientists choose their methods? • Scientists also need to be creative in the ways they use their tools. • Tools are useful only if the scientists using them can interpret the data they provide. • This skill is a large part of the education of a scientist. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
  • 5. How do scientists choose their methods? • Based on the subject under study, scientists may plan to do experiments or fieldwork. • When doing experiments, scientists control different variables under precise conditions in a laboratory. • Generally, physicists and chemists do a lot of experiments. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
  • 6. How do scientists choose their methods? • In contrast, scientists doing fieldwork make observations of what is around them. • They watch, observe, and try to make sense of what they see. • Instead of controlling variables, they try to determine what variables are at work and how they relate to each other. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
  • 7. How do scientists choose their methods? • A large part of doing fieldwork is coming to understand the variables that exist. • Biologists and geologists generally do a lot of fieldwork. • Sometimes, a scientist will do fieldwork and then take a specimen back to a laboratory to do more testing. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
  • 8. Well, Prove It! Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company How do scientific theories become accepted? • Some theories are quickly accepted; others are not. • A good scientific theory is one that is supported by most of the evidence and can account for new observations as they arise. • Such a theory becomes widely accepted. Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
  • 9. How do scientific theories become accepted? • At times, as new evidence is discovered, scientists may find that an earlier theory is incorrect or incomplete. • Good scientific theories often get modified but are rarely rejected. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
  • 10. How can you know who’s right? • The most reliable scientific information is found in professional science journals, but it may not be easy to understand. • You should be cautious of accepting scientific explanations from advertisers or anyone trying to sell you something. • When you assess any scientific claim, ask yourself if it makes sense logically and whether the results support it. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
  • 11. How can you know who’s right? • Remember that science does not claim to prove anything. • Science attempts to provide an explanation that agrees with the results of observation and testing. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
  • 12. A Theory for the Birds Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Dinosaurs take flight • The fossil Archaeopteryx gave the first solid evidence linking dinosaurs to modern birds. • Although it had wings and feathers and may have been able to fly, it seems it was more dinosaur than bird. • It had jaws with teeth, three-fingered claws, and a tail. Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge