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Isolation 10,11.pptx

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Isolation refers to additional precautions taken to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases between patients. There are different types of isolation depending on the transmission method of the disease, including contact, droplet, and airborne isolation. Contact isolation is used for diseases like MRSA that spread through direct contact, while airborne isolation requires negative pressure rooms, closed doors, and N-95 masks to prevent the spread of diseases that can be transmitted through aerosols like tuberculosis. Proper isolation techniques aim to break the chain of infection and protect patients, healthcare workers, and visitors.

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Concept of Isolation
• Isolation refers to additional precautions taken to prevent transmission of infectious agents, such as bacteria or viruses, between people. Need Of Isolation • Isolation aimed controlling and preventing the spread of infection.
• Isolation precautions are designed(like-rooms/wards) to minimize the transmission of infection in the hospital by using updated and skilled technology. • Isolation helps to protect patients, family members, visitors and health care workers from the spread of infection.
• Infections that may lead to different isolation types include: • Contact isolation: MRSA, C. difficile, and norovirus, scabies or even fungal infections. • Droplet isolation: Influenza, pertussis (whooping cough), and mumps • Airborne isolation: chickenpox, measles, and tuberculosis (TB)
• Types Isolation • Transmission Based Isolation/Precaution: – Contact Isolation Precaution – Airborne Isolation Precaution – Droplet Isolation Precaution
• Transmission-based precautions • Airborne precautions • In addition to standard precautions, use airborne precautions for patients known or suspected to have serious illnesses transmitted by airborne droplet particles (<5um).
• When hospitalized, patients should be • in rooms with negative air pressure; • the door should remain closed, and • the nurse should wear an N-95 ventilator (protective mask) at all times while in the patient's room.
• Negative-Pressure Room • To stop airborne transmission of an infection, the patient should be placed in a specially ventilated room kept under negative pressure. The air in this room is “changed out” a specific number of times an hour and is exhausted outside. It is not re-circulated in to the hospital • Positive Room Pressure • used to protect patients with weakened immune system from airborne contaminants.
Isolation 10,11.pptx
• Droplet precautions • In addition to standard precautions, use droplet precautions for patients known or suspected to have serious illnesses transmitted by large particle droplets (>5 µm )
• While taking care of a patient requiring droplet precautions, the nurse should wear: 1. face mask, 2. Goggles 3. Remove PPE and Perform Hand Washing After Completing Care and Leaving the Room • because the risk of transmission is limited to close contact, the door may remain open.
Isolation 10,11.pptx
• Contact precautions • In addition to standard precautions, • use contact precautions for patients • known or suspected to have serious illnesses easily transmitted by direct patient contact or by contact with items in the patient's environment.
• When possible, the patient requiring contact isolation is placed in a private room to facilitate hand hygiene and decreased environmental contamination. • Masks aren't needed, and doors don't need to be closed. • Gloves & Full sleeves gown is required.
Isolation 10,11.pptx
Relate Isolation to the Chain of Infection
Isolation 10,11.pptx
• Break the chain by: • cleaning your hands frequently, • staying up to date on your vaccines (including the flu shot), • covering coughs and sneezes and staying home when sick, • following the rules for standard and contact isolation, using personal protective equipment the right way.
Isolation 10,11.pptx
• cleaning and disinfecting the environment, • sterilizing medical instruments and equipment, • following safe injection practices, and • using antibiotics wisely to prevent antibiotic resistance.
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Isolation 10,11.pptx

  • 2. • Isolation refers to additional precautions taken to prevent transmission of infectious agents, such as bacteria or viruses, between people. Need Of Isolation • Isolation aimed controlling and preventing the spread of infection.
  • 3. • Isolation precautions are designed(like-rooms/wards) to minimize the transmission of infection in the hospital by using updated and skilled technology. • Isolation helps to protect patients, family members, visitors and health care workers from the spread of infection.
  • 4. • Infections that may lead to different isolation types include: • Contact isolation: MRSA, C. difficile, and norovirus, scabies or even fungal infections. • Droplet isolation: Influenza, pertussis (whooping cough), and mumps • Airborne isolation: chickenpox, measles, and tuberculosis (TB)
  • 5. • Types Isolation • Transmission Based Isolation/Precaution: – Contact Isolation Precaution – Airborne Isolation Precaution – Droplet Isolation Precaution
  • 6. • Transmission-based precautions • Airborne precautions • In addition to standard precautions, use airborne precautions for patients known or suspected to have serious illnesses transmitted by airborne droplet particles (<5um).
  • 7. • When hospitalized, patients should be • in rooms with negative air pressure; • the door should remain closed, and • the nurse should wear an N-95 ventilator (protective mask) at all times while in the patient's room.
  • 8. • Negative-Pressure Room • To stop airborne transmission of an infection, the patient should be placed in a specially ventilated room kept under negative pressure. The air in this room is “changed out” a specific number of times an hour and is exhausted outside. It is not re-circulated in to the hospital • Positive Room Pressure • used to protect patients with weakened immune system from airborne contaminants.
  • 10. • Droplet precautions • In addition to standard precautions, use droplet precautions for patients known or suspected to have serious illnesses transmitted by large particle droplets (>5 µm )
  • 11. • While taking care of a patient requiring droplet precautions, the nurse should wear: 1. face mask, 2. Goggles 3. Remove PPE and Perform Hand Washing After Completing Care and Leaving the Room • because the risk of transmission is limited to close contact, the door may remain open.
  • 13. • Contact precautions • In addition to standard precautions, • use contact precautions for patients • known or suspected to have serious illnesses easily transmitted by direct patient contact or by contact with items in the patient's environment.
  • 14. • When possible, the patient requiring contact isolation is placed in a private room to facilitate hand hygiene and decreased environmental contamination. • Masks aren't needed, and doors don't need to be closed. • Gloves & Full sleeves gown is required.
  • 16. Relate Isolation to the Chain of Infection
  • 18. • Break the chain by: • cleaning your hands frequently, • staying up to date on your vaccines (including the flu shot), • covering coughs and sneezes and staying home when sick, • following the rules for standard and contact isolation, using personal protective equipment the right way.
  • 20. • cleaning and disinfecting the environment, • sterilizing medical instruments and equipment, • following safe injection practices, and • using antibiotics wisely to prevent antibiotic resistance.