3 nominal-sentence

Advanced Arabic
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ِ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ر‬َ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻐ‬‫اﻝﻠ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫اع‬َ‫و‬ْ‫َﻨ‬‫أ‬
Types of sentences in Arabic
Knowing the type of sentence is very important in the conjugation ٌ‫اب‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻋ‬ِ‫إ‬ of Arabic
words.
In Arabic there are two types of sentences
(1)
ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬
The Verbal Sentence
a- Starts with a verb.
b- It has two main parts:
ٌ‫ل‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬+ٌ‫ل‬ِ‫ﺎﻋ‬َ‫ﻓ‬
the doer + the verb
ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻝ‬ َ‫ﺎء‬َ‫ﺠ‬
(It came, the victory)
The victory came
ُ‫م‬ِ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﺴ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻴ‬
(He prays, the muslim)
The muslim prays
(2)
ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫اﻻﺴ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬
The Nominal Sentence
a- Starts with a noun.
b- It has two main parts:
ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬+ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬
information + first noun in
(predicate) a sentence
(subject)
ٌ‫ك‬َ‫ﺎر‬َ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﺎب‬َ‫ﺘ‬ِ‫ﻜ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬
The book is blessed
ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫اﷲ‬
Allaah is Gracious
ٌ‫ﺘﺎب‬ِ‫ﻜ‬ ‫ا‬َ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬
This is a book
ٌ‫ت‬ْ‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬ َ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻫ‬
She is a girl
*Please note that the word ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫اﺴ‬ is starting with ِ‫ل‬ْ‫وﺼ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ة‬َ‫ز‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻫ‬. We should not
pronounce a ُ‫ة‬َ‫ز‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ when we read it with‫ال‬. We say (Alismiyyah) not (Al-'ismiyyah).

Advanced Arabic
ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫اﻻﺴ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬
The Nominal Sentence
The nominal sentence ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫اﻻﺴ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ , wherein (usually) the first word is a noun,
and it contains information about that noun.
It is formed of two parts:
1- The noun about which, we want to say something. It is called ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬
Literally ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ means: what we start with.
2- The information
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ we give about that noun.
ُ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝر‬ٌ‫ﻴن‬ِ‫َﻤ‬‫أ‬Example: The messenger is honest
- In the sentence above, we want to say something about the messenger
ُ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝر‬ so it is ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬
- The information we give about the messenger is that, 'he is trustee' ٌ‫ﻴن‬ِ‫َﻤ‬‫أ‬, so it
is
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬. In a very simple way
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ is what came after 'is'
- ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ and
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ agree in gender (masculine ٌ‫ر‬‫ﻜ‬َ‫ذ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ، feminine ٌ‫ث‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ), and in
number (singular ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬, dual ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬, plural ٌ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬).
- ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ and
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ are both in the case of ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬

Advanced Arabic
The reward (m. s.) is great (m. s.)
ُ‫ر‬ْ‫َﺠ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ظ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ ١
The muslim (f. s.) is chaste (f. s.) ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﺴ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻴﻔ‬ِ‫ﻔ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ ٢
The two men are righteous (m.d.) ِ‫ﻼن‬ُ‫ﺠ‬‫اﻝر‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺼ‬ ٣
The two sisters are beautiful (f. d.) ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ُﺨ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ٤
The performers of salaah (m. p.) are
bowing (down) (m. p.) ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬َ‫ون‬‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫اﻜ‬َ‫ر‬ ٥
The boys (m. p.) are big (m. p.) ُ‫ﻻد‬ْ‫َو‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ٌ‫ﺎر‬َ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﻜ‬ ٦
The righteous (f. p.) are obedient (f. p.)
ُ‫ﺎت‬َ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬ّ‫اﻝﺼ‬ٌ‫ﺎت‬َ‫ﺘ‬ِ‫ﺎﻨ‬َ‫ﻗ‬ ٧
The heavens (f. p.) are high (f. S) ‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬ُ‫ات‬َ‫ﺎو‬َ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﻋ‬* ٨
*Important note:
We mentioned before that ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ and
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ agree in gender and in number.
But in example 8 ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ is ٍ‫ث‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ (f. p.) and
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ is ٌ‫ث‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬. Why?
Rule: The plural of nonhuman (animal, solids, plants…) is treated as a feminine
singular i.e.
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫اﻝﺨ‬–ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻔ‬‫ﺼ‬‫اﻝ‬-ُ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬–ِ‫ة‬َ‫ﺎر‬َ‫ﺸ‬‫اﻹ‬ ُ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬...( all come in feminine
singular)
Ex . ‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬َ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺎ‬ُ‫ات‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﻋ‬)ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬(–‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬ُ‫ات‬‫و‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬)ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻔ‬ ِ‫ﺼ‬(-َ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻫ‬ٌ‫ات‬‫و‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺴ‬–ِ‫ﻩ‬ِ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ٌ‫ات‬‫و‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺴ‬
Note that in the Qur'aan you might find some exceptions to this rule.
(m.)
‫ر‬‫ﻜ‬َ‫ذ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
(f.)
ُ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ث‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ؤ‬
(s.) ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
(d.) ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
(p.)
ٌ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬
ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬

Advanced Arabic
Part 1: ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬
Types of ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
1- Noun (not pronoun…)
ُ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬
ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ in the 8 examples mentioned in page 2, is a noun.
Conjugation ٌ‫اب‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻋ‬ِ‫إ‬ of ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ and
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ in these examples
Remember the sign of conjugation of different types of noun, when they are in the
case ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬
ُ‫ر‬ْ‫َﺠ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ظ‬َ‫ﻋ‬
ُ‫ر‬ْ‫اﻷﺠ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ظ‬َ‫ﻋ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﺴ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻴﻔ‬ِ‫ﻔ‬َ‫ﻋ‬forٌ‫اب‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻋ‬ِ‫إ‬Same conjugation
ِ‫ﻼن‬ُ‫ﺠ‬‫اﻝر‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺼ‬
ِ‫ﻼن‬ُ‫ﺠ‬‫اﻝر‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ف‬ِ‫اﻷﻝ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺼ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ف‬ِ‫اﻷﻝ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
Same ٌ‫اب‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻋ‬ِ‫إ‬ for ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ُﺨ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬
ٍ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﺴ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ٌ‫م‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺴ‬ ٍ‫ث‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ٌ‫م‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺴ‬ ٍ‫ر‬‫ﻜ‬َ‫ذ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ُ‫او‬َ‫و‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ف‬ِ‫َﻝ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬

Advanced Arabic
ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬َ‫ون‬‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫اﻜ‬َ‫ر‬
ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬َ‫ون‬‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬:ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫او‬َ‫و‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ٌ‫م‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺴ‬ ٍ‫ر‬‫ﻜ‬َ‫ذ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬
َ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫اﻜ‬َ‫ر‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫او‬َ‫و‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬ٌ‫م‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺴ‬ ٍ‫ر‬‫ﻜ‬َ‫ذ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬.
ُ‫ﻻد‬ْ‫َو‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ٌ‫ﺎر‬َ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﻜ‬
ُ‫ﻻد‬ْ‫َو‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٍ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﺴ‬ِ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ٌ‫ﺎر‬َ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﻜ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٍ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﺴ‬ِ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
‫ﺼ‬‫اﻝ‬ُ‫ﺎت‬َ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬ٌ‫ﺎت‬َ‫ﺘ‬ِ‫ﺎﻨ‬َ‫ﻗ‬
ُ‫ﺎت‬َ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﺼ‬‫اﻝ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫م‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺴ‬ ٍ‫ث‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ٌ‫ﺎت‬َ‫ﺘ‬ِ‫ﺎﻨ‬َ‫ﻗ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫م‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺴ‬ ٍ‫ث‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬ُ‫ات‬َ‫ﺎو‬َ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﻋ‬
‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬ُ‫ات‬َ‫ﺎو‬َ‫ﻤ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫م‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺴ‬ ٍ‫ث‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﻋ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
Now you do the same with the following Nominal sentences:
ُ‫اﷲ‬ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ر‬
ُ‫اﷲ‬:ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻝ‬‫ﻼ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ظ‬ْ‫ﻔ‬َ‫ﻝ‬*،ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬.
ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ر‬......................................................:
ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﻴﻤ‬ِ‫ر‬َ‫ﻜ‬ ِ‫ﻻن‬‫و‬ُ‫ﺴ‬‫ر‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬‫ا‬ ،ٌ‫ة‬َ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻜ‬ ُ‫ات‬َ‫ﺎر‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬ ،َ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﺎﺌ‬َ‫ﺼ‬ َ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬
*When we do conjugation of the word
ُ‫اﷲ‬, we say at the beginning
(The word of majesty is…. (…‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻝ‬‫ﻼ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ظ‬ْ‫ﻔ‬َ‫ﻝ‬ )

Advanced Arabic
2- The separate pronoun ‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ٌ‫ل‬ ِ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻨ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
All pronouns are built on one form‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ , i.e. they have the same mark in all
positions.
Examples:
‫ﺎ‬َ‫َﻨ‬‫أ‬ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺎ‬َ‫َﻨ‬‫أ‬:ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻀ‬‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬ ‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬*ٍ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬.
A pronoun that is built on one form with Sukoon, in the position of ٍ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
*The long vowel ‫د‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ is a type of Sukoon ٌ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻜ‬ُ‫ﺴ‬
َ‫و‬ُ‫ﻫ‬ُ‫اﷲ‬
َ‫و‬ُ‫ﻫ‬:ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻀ‬‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ِ‫ﺢ‬ْ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ٍ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬.
ُ‫اﷲ‬:ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻝ‬‫ﻼ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ظ‬ْ‫ﻔ‬َ‫ﻝ‬ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬.
‫ﺎ‬َ‫َﻨ‬‫أ‬ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬I am Muhammad
َ‫و‬ُ‫ﻫ‬ُ‫اﷲ‬He is Allaah

Advanced Arabic
3- Demonstrative pronoun
ُ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬ِ‫اﻹ‬ٍ‫ة‬َ‫ﺸﺎر‬
All Demonstrative pronouns are built on one form
‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ except those of dual ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ,they are treated as
dual nouns.
‫ا‬َ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ٌ‫آن‬ْ‫ر‬ُ‫ﻗ‬
‫ا‬َ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬:ٍ‫ة‬َ‫ﺸﺎر‬ِ‫إ‬ ُ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬ ‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ٍ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬.
ٌ‫آن‬ْ‫ر‬ُ‫ﻗ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ِ‫ﻩ‬ِ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ٌ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺠ‬
ِ‫ﻩ‬ِ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬:ُ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬ٍ‫ة‬َ‫ﺸﺎر‬ِ‫إ‬‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ِ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻜ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ٍ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬.
ٌ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺠ‬:ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬.
ِ‫ان‬َ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ِ‫ان‬َ‫ور‬ُ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻋ‬
ِ‫ان‬َ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ف‬ِ‫َﻝ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬.
ِ‫ان‬َ‫ور‬ُ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻋ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ف‬ِ‫اﻷﻝ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬‫ﻰ‬.
Same for ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺎﺘ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺎﺘ‬َ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻓ‬
ِ‫ﻻء‬َ‫ؤ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ِ‫ر‬
ِ‫ﻻء‬َ‫ؤ‬َ‫ﻫ‬:ٍ‫ة‬َ‫ﺸﺎر‬ِ‫إ‬ ُ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ِ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻜ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ٍ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬.
ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ِ‫ر‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٍ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﺴ‬ِ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
‫ا‬َ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ٌ‫آن‬ْ‫ر‬ُ‫ﻗ‬
ِ‫ﻩ‬ِ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ٌ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺠ‬
ِ‫ان‬َ‫ذ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ِ‫ان‬َ‫ور‬ُ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻋ‬
ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺎﺘ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺎﺘ‬َ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻓ‬
ِ‫ﻻء‬َ‫ؤ‬َ‫ﻫ‬ٌ‫ل‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ِ‫ر‬/ٌ‫ﺴﺎء‬ِ‫ﻨ‬

Advanced Arabic
4- The relative pronoun ‫اﻻ‬ٌ‫م‬ْ‫ﺴ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ٌ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ﺼ‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ﻤ‬
All relative pronouns are built on one form‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ except those of dual, they are
treated as dual nouns.
* ْ‫ن‬َ‫ﻤ‬ is used for human of any gender and of any number. ‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻤ‬
is used in the standard Arabic for nonhuman of any gender and of any number.
(In the Qur'aan, it might be used for human for special reasons)
‫ي‬ِ‫ذ‬‫اﻝ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻴ‬ٌ‫ن‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
‫ي‬ِ‫ذ‬‫اﻝ‬:ٌ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ﺼ‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬ ‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ٍ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬.
ٌ‫ن‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
Same for ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﺘ‬‫اﻝ‬ُ‫ب‬َ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ط‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻓ‬
‫ي‬ِ‫ذ‬‫اﻝ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻴ‬ٌ‫ن‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬The one who (m. s.) prays is a believer
‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﺘ‬‫اﻝ‬ُ‫ب‬َ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ط‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻓ‬The one who (f. s.) play is Fatimah
ِ‫ذان‬‫اﻝﻠ‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ط‬The two who (m. d.) write are two students (m. d.)
ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺘ‬‫اﻝﻠ‬ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﻐ‬َ‫ﺼ‬The two (f. d.) in the house are young (f. d.)
َ‫ﻴن‬ِ‫ذ‬‫اﻝ‬ِ‫د‬ِ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ون‬ُ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺼ‬The ones (m. p.) in the mosque are righteous (m. p.)
‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﺘ‬ّ‫ﻼ‬‫اﻝ‬/‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﺌ‬ّ‫ﻼ‬‫اﻝ‬َ‫ن‬ْ‫ﺠ‬َ‫ر‬َ‫ﺨ‬ٌ‫ﺎت‬َ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ط‬The ones who (f. p.) went out are students (f. p.)
*ْ‫ن‬َ‫ﻤ‬‫ا‬ً‫ر‬‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ‫و‬ُ‫ﺤ‬ْ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ٌ‫ط‬‫ﻴ‬ ِ‫ﺸ‬َ‫ﻨ‬Whoever wakes up early is active
*‫ﻤﺎ‬ِ‫اﷲ‬ َ‫د‬ْ‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﻋ‬ٌ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺨ‬Whatever with Allaah is good

Advanced Arabic
ِ‫ذان‬‫اﻝﻠ‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ط‬
‫اﻝﻠ‬ِ‫ذان‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ف‬ِ‫َﻝ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ط‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ف‬ِ‫اﻷﻝ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﺜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
Same for ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺘ‬‫اﻝﻠ‬ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﻐ‬َ‫ﺼ‬
َ‫ﻴن‬ِ‫ذ‬‫اﻝ‬ِ‫د‬ِ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ون‬ُ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺼ‬
َ‫ﻴن‬ِ‫ذ‬‫اﻝ‬:ٌ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ﺼ‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﺢ‬ْ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ٍ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬.
َ‫ون‬ُ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺼ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫او‬َ‫و‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ٌ‫م‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺴ‬ ٍ‫ر‬‫ﻜ‬َ‫ذ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﺘ‬ّ‫ﻼ‬‫اﻝ‬َ‫ن‬ْ‫ﺠ‬َ‫ر‬َ‫ﺨ‬ٌ‫ﺎت‬َ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ط‬
‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﺘ‬ّ‫ﻼ‬‫اﻝ‬:ٌ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ﺼ‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬ ‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ٍ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬.
ٌ‫ﺎت‬َ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ط‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫م‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺴ‬ ٍ‫ث‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ْ‫ن‬َ‫ﻤ‬‫ا‬ً‫ر‬‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ‫و‬ُ‫ﺤ‬ْ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ٌ‫ط‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺸ‬َ‫ﻨ‬
ْ‫ن‬َ‫ﻤ‬:ٌ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ﺼ‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝ‬ ‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ٍ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬.
ٌ‫ط‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺸ‬َ‫ﻨ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
Same for
َ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺎ‬ِ‫اﷲ‬ َ‫د‬ْ‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﻋ‬ٌ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺨ‬

Advanced Arabic
5- ٌ‫ل‬ ‫و‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫د‬ْ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ interpreted verbal noun
mba`_l: "and that you (all) fast is better for you"Example
The clause ‫ا‬‫و‬ُ‫وﻤ‬ُ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ ْ‫َن‬‫أ‬ (that you (all) fast) is a verbal sentence, but it can function
as a noun, we can replace it by ْ‫م‬ُ‫ﻜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ﺼ‬ (your fasting), when we realize that we
can conjugate ٌ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ as ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬
The sentence will be (‫م‬ُ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻝ‬ ٌ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ﻜ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫و‬َ‫)ﺼ‬
ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬
ْ‫أن‬:ٌ‫ب‬ْ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﻨ‬ َ‫و‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ر‬َ‫د‬ْ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ف‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﺤ‬.
‫ا‬‫و‬ُ‫وﻤ‬ُ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﺘ‬:ُ‫ﺔ‬‫وﻋﻼﻤ‬ ٌ‫ﻤﻨﺼوب‬ ٌ‫ع‬‫ﻤﻀﺎر‬ ٌ‫ل‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ِ‫ﺴﺔ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ﻌﺎل‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ َ‫ن‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻷ‬ ِ‫ون‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻝ‬ ُ‫ف‬ْ‫ذ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﻨ‬
ِ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻀ‬ ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﺎﻋ‬َ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫او‬َ‫و‬َ‫و‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬َ‫ﺤ‬‫ل‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻓ‬ِ‫ﻊ‬ِ‫ﻓﺎﻋ‬ٍ‫ل‬.
ُ‫ل‬‫و‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ر‬َ‫د‬ْ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬‫و‬)‫و‬ُ‫وﻤ‬ُ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ ْ‫َن‬‫أ‬‫ا‬(ِ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬.
And the interpreted verbal noun is in the position of ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬ٌ‫ر‬:ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
َ‫ﻝ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬ْ‫م‬:ُ‫اﻝﻼم‬:َ‫ﺤ‬ْ‫ر‬ُ‫ف‬َ‫ﺠ‬‫ر‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻤﺒﻨ‬
ُ‫ﻜ‬ْ‫م‬:ٌ‫ﻀﻤﻴر‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻤﺒﻨ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬‫ر‬ْ‫اﺴ‬ٍ‫م‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﺠ‬ُ‫ر‬ٍ‫ور‬.

Advanced Arabic
‫اﻝ‬ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ is normally a definite ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻓ‬ِ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ noun
As we saw in the previous examples in this lesson
But in some cases it can be indefinite.
1- If an adjective ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻔ‬ ِ‫ﺼ‬ follows it. ٌ‫ل‬ُ‫ﺠ‬َ‫ر‬ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ر‬َ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬
2- If the possessor ِ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﻝ‬ِ‫إ‬ ٌ‫ﺎف‬َ‫ﻀ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ follows it. ُ‫ﺎب‬َ‫ﺘ‬ِ‫ﻜ‬ٍ‫ب‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ط‬ِ‫ب‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬
3- If a negation tool precedes it. ‫ﺎ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ﻴض‬‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ط‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﺸ‬َ‫ﻨ‬
4- If an interrogative particle precedes it. ْ‫ل‬َ‫ﻫ‬ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﻤ‬‫؟‬

Advanced Arabic
Part 2: ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬
It was mentioned before that
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ is the information given about ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬, and
forms with it a complete sentence.
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ it is what comes after is/are in English.
The types of ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬
1- Of one word ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ here does not mean singular, it means that ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ is a noun and of one word
only.
ُ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫ﺴ‬‫اﻝر‬ٌ‫ﻴن‬ِ‫َﻤ‬‫أ‬،ِ‫ﻼن‬ُ‫ﺠ‬‫اﻝر‬ِ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬َ‫ﺼ‬،َ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬َ‫ون‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﺎﺌ‬َ‫ﺼ‬Example:
2- Semi-sentence ِ‫ﺸ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ٍ‫ﺔ‬
ِ‫ﺸ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ٍ‫ﺔ‬ is not a complete sentence, but it is similar to a sentence, because it
does not give a full meaning by itself.
There are two types of :ِ‫ﺸ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ٍ‫ﺔ‬
a. Preposition ُ‫ف‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﺤ‬‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ plus the noun following it ٌ‫ور‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺠ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬
Ex. ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻝ‬ِ‫ﺎو‬‫اﻝط‬ ‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ ، ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬
b. ٌ‫ف‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ظ‬ plus ِ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﻝ‬ِ‫إ‬ ٌ‫ﺎف‬َ‫ﻀ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ following it
Ex. ِ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻬ‬‫اﻝظ‬ َ‫د‬ْ‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ ،ِ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬‫ﺸ‬‫اﻝ‬ َ‫ق‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ﻓ‬
The ِ‫ﺸ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ٍ‫ﺔ‬ can be a ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬
Ex. The mother is in the house ‫م‬ُْ‫اﻷ‬ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬
In the house is the information said about the mother, so it is the ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬

Advanced Arabic
‫م‬ُْ‫اﻷ‬ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬
‫م‬ُْ‫اﻷ‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬:‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ف‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﺤ‬
ِ‫ت‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬:ٌ‫ور‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺠ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬ُ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻜ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ﻩ‬‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
)َ‫و‬ِ‫ﺸ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬ٍ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬(*ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬And the semi-sentence is in the position of
ُ‫ور‬ُ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ِ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬‫ﺸ‬‫اﻝ‬ َ‫ق‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ﻓ‬
ُ‫ور‬ُ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﺼ‬ُ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬:ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
َ‫ق‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ﻓ‬:ٍ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ف‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ظ‬.
ِ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬‫ﺸ‬‫اﻝ‬:ٌ‫ور‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺠ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﻝ‬‫إ‬ ٌ‫ﺎف‬َ‫ﻀ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻜ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ﻩ‬‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
)َ‫و‬ِ‫ﺸ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬ٍ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬(ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬And the semi-sentence is in the position of
*Notice that we do a normal conjugation for the parts of ِ‫ﺸ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬ , then we say
that it is in the position of ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬
3- Verbal sentence ٌ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬
It is composed of a verb ٌ‫ل‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ + a doer ٌ‫ل‬ِ‫ﺎﻋ‬َ‫ﻓ‬
Ex. ُ‫ب‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫اﻝط‬ َ‫أ‬َ‫ر‬َ‫ﻗ‬ ،ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻴ‬
The Verbal sentence ٌ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ can be of one word only i.e. ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ because from
that word we understand that the doer is He
َ‫و‬ُ‫ﻫ‬
(this will be explained in details in the verbal sentence file
ُ‫اﷲ‬ َ‫ﺎء‬َ‫ﺸ‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬)

Advanced Arabic
*Rule: Very important to know that a doerٌ‫ل‬ِ‫ﺎﻋ‬َ‫ﻓ‬ should come after ٌ‫ل‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ never
before. Notice the conjugation of the verbal sentence ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻴ‬
ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻴ‬
ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻴ‬:ٌ‫ل‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ٌ‫ع‬ِ‫ﺎر‬َ‫ﻀ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬.
ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬:ٌ‫ل‬ِ‫ﺎﻋ‬َ‫ﻓ‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ ٌ‫ع‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
But if the Noun ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ comes first as in
ُ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻴ‬ . It becomes a Nominal sentence
composed of
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬َ‫و‬ ُ‫ا‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬
ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻴ‬
ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬:ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ُ‫ب‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻴ‬:ٌ‫ل‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ٌ‫ع‬ِ‫ﺎر‬َ‫ﻀ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬.
ُ‫ل‬ِ‫ﺎﻋ‬َ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬:ِ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺴ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻀ‬ٌ‫ر‬ُ‫ﻩ‬ُ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫د‬ْ‫ﻘ‬َ‫ﺘ‬"َ‫و‬ُ‫ﻫ‬"is a hidden pronoun, assumed to be (he)ُ‫ل‬ِ‫ﺎﻋ‬َ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬
*A very common mistake in such sentence is saying that ٌ‫د‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ is ُ‫ل‬ِ‫ﺎﻋ‬َ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬.
The ٌ‫ل‬ِ‫ﻓﺎﻋ‬ comes after the verb, never before.

Advanced Arabic
4- Nominal sentence ٌ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫اﺴ‬ ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬
The
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ can himself be a Nominal sentence
Ex. The boy, his house is big ُ‫د‬َ‫ﻝ‬َ‫و‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ُ‫ﻴﺘ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻜ‬
ُ‫د‬َ‫ﻝ‬َ‫و‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ُ‫ﻴﺘ‬َ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻜ‬
ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬)١(ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬)٢(ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬)َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫اﻝﻤ‬ُ‫أ‬٢(
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬)َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫اﻝﻤ‬ُ‫أ‬١(
ُ‫د‬َ‫ﻝ‬َ‫و‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬:ٌ‫ل‬‫َو‬‫أ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺒ‬:ٍ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺜ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ُ‫ﻬﺎء‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬:ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻀ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﻝ‬ِ‫إ‬ ٌ‫ﺎف‬َ‫ﻀ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬.
ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻜ‬:‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﺎﻨ‬‫ﺜ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
)ِ‫ل‬‫َو‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫إ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫اﻻﺴ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬‫و‬(
And the nominal sentence "ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻜ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬ُ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺒ‬" is ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ for the first ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬

Advanced Arabic
The multiplicity of ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬
We can have more than one ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ in the same sentence:
Ex. ُ‫ﻪ‬‫اﻝﻠ‬ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﺤ‬،ُ‫ت‬ْ‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ٌ‫ة‬َ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ﻐ‬َ‫ﺼ‬
ُ‫ﻪ‬‫اﻝﻠ‬ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﺤ‬
ُ‫ﻪ‬‫اﻝﻠ‬:ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻝ‬‫ﻼ‬َ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ُ‫ظ‬ْ‫ﻔ‬َ‫ﻝ‬ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﺤ‬:ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ٌ‫ل‬‫َو‬‫أ‬ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬.
ٌ‫ﻴم‬ِ‫ﻠ‬َ‫ﻋ‬:ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ٍ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﺜ‬ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬.
Postponing ‫اﻝ‬ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ and advancing ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬
ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫اﻝﻤ‬ is normally at the beginning of the sentence and the ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ comes after it,
as all the examples we had before.
But in some cases, ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫اﻝﻤ‬ will be postponed after ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬:
a- It is obligatory to postpone ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ if:
1- ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ is indefinite ٌ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬ِ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻨ‬ and
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ is a semi-sentence ٍ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺸ‬
Ex. ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬ُ‫ﻐ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ر‬َ‫ﺴ‬،ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻝ‬ِ‫ﺎو‬‫اﻝط‬ َ‫ق‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ﻓ‬ٌ‫ﺎب‬َ‫ﺘ‬ِ‫ﻜ‬
ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬ُ‫ﻐ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ر‬َ‫ﺴ‬
‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬:‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ف‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﺤ‬
ِ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬ُ‫ﻐ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬:ٌ‫ور‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺠ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬ُ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻜ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ﻩ‬‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
)َ‫و‬ِ‫ﺸ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ُ‫ﺠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ِ‫ﺔ‬ٍ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ٌ‫م‬‫د‬َ‫ﻘ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬(
And te semi-sentence is in the position of an advanced َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ٌ‫ر‬
ٌ‫ﻴر‬ِ‫ر‬َ‫ﺴ‬:ٌ‫ر‬‫ﺨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
Postponed

Advanced Arabic
2-If
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫اﻝﺨ‬ is a word that should be given priority as the interrogative nouns (tool).
Ex. ‫ﻰ‬َ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫س‬ْ‫ر‬‫د‬‫اﻝ‬،‫؟‬َ‫ن‬ْ‫َﻴ‬‫أ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫د‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬‫؟‬
The interrogative noun should come at the beginning of a sentence, even
when it is ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬
َ‫ن‬ْ‫َﻴ‬‫أ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫د‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬‫؟‬
َ‫ن‬ْ‫َﻴ‬‫أ‬:ْ‫اﺴ‬ ُ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬ِ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٍ‫ﺎم‬َ‫ﻬ‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ِ‫ﺘ‬‫ﻲ‬ٌ‫م‬‫د‬َ‫ﻘ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ ِ‫ﻊ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ‫ل‬َ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬.
ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫د‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬:ٌ‫ر‬‫ﺨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
b. It is permissible to postpone ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫اﻝﻤ‬:
1- If we want to give priority to
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫اﻝﺨ‬
Ex. It is forbidden the smoking (Smoking is forbidden) ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﻴن‬ِ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫د‬‫ﺘ‬‫اﻝ‬
In this example, we want to give priority to the word ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ (forbidden) so we
advance it, but we still conjugate it as ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬
ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻤ‬::ٌ‫م‬‫د‬َ‫ﻘ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ُ‫ﻴن‬ِ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫د‬‫ﺘ‬‫اﻝ‬:ٌ‫ر‬‫ﺨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
2- If ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ is definite ٌ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻓ‬ِ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ and
ُ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ is a semi-sentence ُ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ِ‫ﺸ‬ٍ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺠ‬
Ex. ‫ﷲ‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫َﻤ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ا‬،ِ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺼ‬‫اﻝ‬ َ‫ﻊ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻝ‬
ِ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺼ‬‫اﻝ‬ َ‫ﻊ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻝ‬
َ‫ﻊ‬َ‫ﻤ‬*:ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ْ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬ْ‫ﺼ‬َ‫ﻨ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ ٌ‫وب‬ُ‫ﺼ‬ْ‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٍ‫ﺎن‬َ‫ﻜ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫رف‬َ‫ظ‬.
ِ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺼ‬‫اﻝ‬:ٌ‫ور‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺠ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﻝ‬‫إ‬ ٌ‫ﺎف‬َ‫ﻀ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻜ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ﻩ‬‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
ٌ‫ر‬َ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﺨ‬And the semi-sentence is in the position of an advanced

Advanced Arabic
ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻝ‬:ٌ‫ر‬‫ﺨ‬َ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ٌ‫ع‬‫و‬ُ‫ﻓ‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ُ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻀ‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬ْ‫ﻓ‬َ‫ر‬‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
*Some scholar treat
َ‫ﻊ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ as a preposition ‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ف‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﺤ‬ and they conjugate the
previous sentence as follow:
ِ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺼ‬‫اﻝ‬ َ‫ﻊ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺼ‬‫ﻨ‬‫اﻝ‬
َ‫ﻊ‬َ‫ﻤ‬*:‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ف‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ﺤ‬
ِ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺼ‬‫اﻝ‬:ٌ‫ور‬ُ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺠ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ ٌ‫م‬ْ‫اﺴ‬ُ‫ة‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻜ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ﻩ‬‫ر‬َ‫ﺠ‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬َ‫ﻼﻤ‬َ‫ﻋ‬َ‫و‬ٌ‫د‬َ‫ر‬ْ‫ﻔ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬َ‫ﻷ‬.
Note that, there are more cases of postponing ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬ُ‫أ‬َ‫د‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻤ‬
}ُ‫ﺎت‬َ‫ﺤ‬ِ‫ﺎﻝ‬ّ‫اﻝﺼ‬ ‫م‬ِ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬ِ‫ﺘ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻌ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ذي‬‫اﻝ‬ ِ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻠ‬ِ‫ﻝ‬ ُ‫د‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ْ‫ﻝ‬‫ا‬{
All praises be to Allaah, who by his favor, good deeds are accomplished.

3 nominal-sentence

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