Cutting speed is the relative linear speed between the cutting edge and the workpiece. At every point, the cutting speed is the product of the drill's rotational speed (spindle speed) and the circumference. At the center of the drill, the cutting speed is always zero, and it gradually increases as you move away from the center. Therefore, in drilling, the term "cutting speed" refers to the maximum cutting speed occurring at the drill's outer diameter. On the surface of the drill, the cutting speed varies according to the distance from the center.

Unlike through holes, blind holes do not pass through the workpiece. They have a bottom, which is why blind holes are often referred to as guide holes. The bottom of the hole is also a potential issue for blind hole threads, which does not occur with through holes. If not handled properly, chips can accumulate in the blind hole. Additionally, the tap may collide with the bottom of the blind hole and break, or other problems may arise. Those who frequently use taps with blind holes often encounter these issues. The primary solution to this problem is to avoid misalignment and prevent the blind hole thread from becoming larger than intended.

Servo turrets and hydraulic turrets are two commonly used turret types in CNC lathes. They differ significantly in structure, operating principles, and application scenarios, particularly in terms of drive method, control precision, structural design, and operational performance.

Soft jaws are versatile and can be machined to fit specific workpieces, ensuring precise gripping and reducing the risk of damage, making them ideal for delicate or unique tasks. Hard jaws, on the other hand, are pre-hardened, durable, and suitable for repetitive or high-torque operations, providing strong and consistent clamping. Soft jaws excel in flexibility and customization, while hard jaws prioritize longevity and efficiency for standard applications. Both are essential depending on the machining requirements.

During metal processing with CNC lathes, a large amount of cutting fluid is used, leading to the formation of numerous oil mist particles in the air. Metalworking lubricants are complex mixtures that, in addition to hydrocarbons, often contain sulfonates, fatty amines, nitrates, dyes, biocides, and other chemicals. If the lubricant has been in use for some time, due to the oxidation of hydrocarbons, microbial growth, or contamination by external impurities, it may contain additional chemicals that are harmful to both humans and the environment. Therefore, controlling the concentration of oil mist in metalworking workshops is a crucial measure for ensuring occupational safety and health in production enterprises.

CNC machining processes are capable of producing precise parts and components with strict tolerances of ±0.025 mm and intricate details. However, parts manufactured by a vertical machining center (VMC) often exhibit noticeable machining marks. Therefore, surface treatment is a critical aspect of the manufacturing process, enhancing the aesthetic appeal, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and other physical and functional properties of metal parts post-VMC processing. Different types of surface treatments involve varying procedures and results, making it essential to understand the basics to select the most suitable option.

CNC machining relies on precise parameter settings to ensure accuracy and repeatability. The proper setting of machining parameters determines the quality and efficiency of the machining process. These settings include spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut and cutting tool path.

Cutting fluids are widely used in CNC lathe machining environments, continuously injecting vitality and efficiency into metal cutting operations through flexible application methods such as precise injection, fluid spraying, or fine mist.

A VMC tool holder is a critical device used in VMC for securing and clamping tools. Its primary function is to firmly fix the tool to the spindle during machining, ensuring the concentricity and rigidity between the tool and the spindle. This is essential for maintaining machining accuracy and stability.

Milling tools, as critical tools for Vertical Machining Centers (VMC), play an essential role in executing a variety of complex machining tasks. From basic slot milling and chamfering to intricate 3D contour machining, different types of milling cutters, with their unique designs and functions, meet diverse machining needs.

Thread milling on a vertical machining center (VMC) is a high-efficiency process that uses a milling cutter to machine threads. Compared to traditional thread machining methods, such as tapping and turning, thread milling on a VMC offers several advantages

When using a U-drill for drilling on a CNC lathe, the maximum radial adjustment for drilling depends on the overlap between the U-drill’s central and peripheral inserts. Radial adjustment affects the cutting force, so it’s recommended to choose a lower feed rate within the suggested range.

These three commands restrict tool movement to the specified plane, thereby preventing incorrect plane selection during machining, which could otherwise lead to tool collision or workpiece damage. Therefore, using the G17, G18, and G19 codes is essential for ensuring machining quality and safety.

During the machining process, this function controls the flow and breaking of chips through system codes, creating an effective chip-breaking process.

Any time a tool stops working, production halts. However, not all tools have the same level of importance. The tool that is used for the longest cutting duration has a greater impact on the production cycle, so its performance should be prioritized under equal conditions. Special attention should also be given to tools used for processing key components and those with the strictest tolerance requirements. Additionally, tools with poor chip control, such as drills, grooving tools, and threading tools, should be closely monitored because poor chip control can cause tool wear or machine downtime.

A mechanical spindle in a VMC (Vertical Machining Center) typically consists of the spindle, bearings, and transmission components such as gears or pulleys. Its operation relies on an external motor that drives the spindle rotation through transmission devices (e.g., gears or belts). This type includes gear-driven, belt-driven, and direct-drive systems.

The tool holder used will have an overload protection collet, functioning similarly to the tapping protector; it adjusts torque, increasing torque clockwise and decreasing it counterclockwise.

During processing, if torque increases, the tool holder will rotate freely, effectively protecting the tap and extending its lifespan. The torque will also vary to provide overload protection.

To achieve optimal machining performance, a Vertical Machining Center (VMC) is typically equipped with a high-quality tool changing system, coolant delivery system, and chip removal system. Additionally, factors like spindle speed, axis travel, and workpiece capacity are critical when considering a VMC.

Milling cutters come in various flute counts, with common options including single-flute, two-flute, three-flute, four-flute, and six-flute cutters. Each flute count has different characteristics and usage scenarios.

VMC machines provide higher precision and accuracy in machining operations. With advanced CNC technology and precise control systems, these machines can meet strict tolerance requirements and continuously produce high-quality parts. The accurate positioning capability of cutting tools enables VMC machines to perform complex machining tasks with minimized errors or deviations, making them suitable for tasks requiring high detail.