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- Python Basics
- Python - Home
- Python - Overview
- Python - History
- Python - Features
- Python vs C++
- Python - Hello World Program
- Python - Application Areas
- Python - Interpreter
- Python - Environment Setup
- Python - Virtual Environment
- Python - Basic Syntax
- Python - Variables
- Python - Data Types
- Python - Type Casting
- Python - Unicode System
- Python - Literals
- Python - Operators
- Python - Arithmetic Operators
- Python - Comparison Operators
- Python - Assignment Operators
- Python - Logical Operators
- Python - Bitwise Operators
- Python - Membership Operators
- Python - Identity Operators
- Python - Operator Precedence
- Python - Comments
- Python - User Input
- Python - Numbers
- Python - Booleans
- Python Control Statements
- Python - Control Flow
- Python - Decision Making
- Python - If Statement
- Python - If else
- Python - Nested If
- Python - Match-Case Statement
- Python - Loops
- Python - for Loops
- Python - for-else Loops
- Python - While Loops
- Python - break Statement
- Python - continue Statement
- Python - pass Statement
- Python - Nested Loops
- Python Functions & Modules
- Python - Functions
- Python - Default Arguments
- Python - Keyword Arguments
- Python - Keyword-Only Arguments
- Python - Positional Arguments
- Python - Positional-Only Arguments
- Python - Arbitrary Arguments
- Python - Variables Scope
- Python - Function Annotations
- Python - Modules
- Python - Built in Functions
- Python Strings
- Python - Strings
- Python - Slicing Strings
- Python - Modify Strings
- Python - String Concatenation
- Python - String Formatting
- Python - Escape Characters
- Python - String Methods
- Python - String Exercises
- Python Lists
- Python - Lists
- Python - Access List Items
- Python - Change List Items
- Python - Add List Items
- Python - Remove List Items
- Python - Loop Lists
- Python - List Comprehension
- Python - Sort Lists
- Python - Copy Lists
- Python - Join Lists
- Python - List Methods
- Python - List Exercises
- Python Tuples
- Python - Tuples
- Python - Access Tuple Items
- Python - Update Tuples
- Python - Unpack Tuples
- Python - Loop Tuples
- Python - Join Tuples
- Python - Tuple Methods
- Python - Tuple Exercises
- Python Sets
- Python - Sets
- Python - Access Set Items
- Python - Add Set Items
- Python - Remove Set Items
- Python - Loop Sets
- Python - Join Sets
- Python - Copy Sets
- Python - Set Operators
- Python - Set Methods
- Python - Set Exercises
- Python Dictionaries
- Python - Dictionaries
- Python - Access Dictionary Items
- Python - Change Dictionary Items
- Python - Add Dictionary Items
- Python - Remove Dictionary Items
- Python - Dictionary View Objects
- Python - Loop Dictionaries
- Python - Copy Dictionaries
- Python - Nested Dictionaries
- Python - Dictionary Methods
- Python - Dictionary Exercises
- Python Arrays
- Python - Arrays
- Python - Access Array Items
- Python - Add Array Items
- Python - Remove Array Items
- Python - Loop Arrays
- Python - Copy Arrays
- Python - Reverse Arrays
- Python - Sort Arrays
- Python - Join Arrays
- Python - Array Methods
- Python - Array Exercises
- Python File Handling
- Python - File Handling
- Python - Write to File
- Python - Read Files
- Python - Renaming and Deleting Files
- Python - Directories
- Python - File Methods
- Python - OS File/Directory Methods
- Python - OS Path Methods
- Object Oriented Programming
- Python - OOPs Concepts
- Python - Classes & Objects
- Python - Class Attributes
- Python - Class Methods
- Python - Static Methods
- Python - Constructors
- Python - Access Modifiers
- Python - Inheritance
- Python - Polymorphism
- Python - Method Overriding
- Python - Method Overloading
- Python - Dynamic Binding
- Python - Dynamic Typing
- Python - Abstraction
- Python - Encapsulation
- Python - Interfaces
- Python - Packages
- Python - Inner Classes
- Python - Anonymous Class and Objects
- Python - Singleton Class
- Python - Wrapper Classes
- Python - Enums
- Python - Reflection
- Python Errors & Exceptions
- Python - Syntax Errors
- Python - Exceptions
- Python - try-except Block
- Python - try-finally Block
- Python - Raising Exceptions
- Python - Exception Chaining
- Python - Nested try Block
- Python - User-defined Exception
- Python - Logging
- Python - Assertions
- Python - Built-in Exceptions
- Python Multithreading
- Python - Multithreading
- Python - Thread Life Cycle
- Python - Creating a Thread
- Python - Starting a Thread
- Python - Joining Threads
- Python - Naming Thread
- Python - Thread Scheduling
- Python - Thread Pools
- Python - Main Thread
- Python - Thread Priority
- Python - Daemon Threads
- Python - Synchronizing Threads
- Python Synchronization
- Python - Inter-thread Communication
- Python - Thread Deadlock
- Python - Interrupting a Thread
- Python Networking
- Python - Networking
- Python - Socket Programming
- Python - URL Processing
- Python - Generics
- Python Libraries
- NumPy Tutorial
- Pandas Tutorial
- SciPy Tutorial
- Matplotlib Tutorial
- Django Tutorial
- OpenCV Tutorial
- Python Miscellenous
- Python - Date & Time
- Python - Maths
- Python - Iterators
- Python - Generators
- Python - Closures
- Python - Decorators
- Python - Recursion
- Python - Reg Expressions
- Python - PIP
- Python - Database Access
- Python - Weak References
- Python - Serialization
- Python - Templating
- Python - Output Formatting
- Python - Performance Measurement
- Python - Data Compression
- Python - CGI Programming
- Python - XML Processing
- Python - GUI Programming
- Python - Command-Line Arguments
- Python - Docstrings
- Python - JSON
- Python - Sending Email
- Python - Further Extensions
- Python - Tools/Utilities
- Python - GUIs
- Python Advanced Concepts
- Python - Abstract Base Classes
- Python - Custom Exceptions
- Python - Higher Order Functions
- Python - Object Internals
- Python - Memory Management
- Python - Metaclasses
- Python - Metaprogramming with Metaclasses
- Python - Mocking and Stubbing
- Python - Monkey Patching
- Python - Signal Handling
- Python - Type Hints
- Python - Automation Tutorial
- Python - Humanize Package
- Python - Context Managers
- Python - Coroutines
- Python - Descriptors
- Python - Diagnosing and Fixing Memory Leaks
- Python - Immutable Data Structures
- Python Useful Resources
- Python - Developer's AI Tools
- Python - Questions & Answers
- Python - Interview Questions & Answers
- Python - Online Quiz
- Python - Quick Guide
- Python - Reference
- Python - Cheatsheet
- Python - Projects
- Python - Useful Resources
- Python - Discussion
- Python Compiler
- NumPy Compiler
- Matplotlib Compiler
- SciPy Compiler
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Python Tutorial: Learn Python Programming
- Python Introduction
- What is Python
- Python "Hello, World!"
- Python Compiler
- Python Characteristics
- Applications of Python
- Features of Python
- Python Database Handling
- Python Reference
- Python Practice
- Python Exercises
- Python Jobs
- Why to Learn Python
- Careers with Python
- Download Python
- Python Updates
- Python Audiences
- Python Prerequisites
- Python Questions & Answers
Python Tutorial
Today, Python is one of the most popular programming languages. Although it is a general-purpose language, it is used in various areas of applications such as Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, web development, IoT, and more.
This Python tutorial has been written for the beginners to help them understand the basic to advanced concepts of Python Programming Language. After completing this tutorial, you will find yourself at a great level of expertise in Python, from where you can take yourself to the next levels to become a world class Software Engineer.
This Python tutorial is based on the latest Python 3.13 version.
What is Python?
Python is a very popular general-purpose interpreted, interactive, object-oriented, and high-level programming language. Python is dynamically-typed and garbage-collected programming language. It was created by Guido van Rossum during 1985- 1990. Like Perl, Python source code is also available under the GNU General Public License (GPL).
Python supports multiple programming paradigms, including Procedural, Object Oriented and Functional programming language. Python design philosophy emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation.
This Python tutorial gives a complete understanding of Python programming language, starting from basic concepts to advanced concepts. This tutorial will take you through simple and practical approaches while learning Python Programming language.
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Python "Hello, World!"
To start with Python programming, the very basic program is to print "Hello, World!" You can use the print() function. Below is an example of Python code to print "Hello, World!" −
# Python code to print "Hello, World!" print ("Hello, World!")
Python Online Compiler
Our Python programming tutorial provides various examples to explain different concepts. We have provided Online Python Compiler/Interpreter. You can Edit and Execute almost all the examples directly from your browser without the need to set up your development environment.
Try to click the icon to run the following Python code to print conventional "Hello, World!".
Below code box allows you to change the value of the code. Try to change the value inside print() and run it again to verify the result.
# This is my first Python program. # This will print 'Hello, World!' as the output print ("Hello, World!");
Characteristics of Python
Following are important characteristics of Python Programming −
- It supports functional and structured programming methods as well as OOP.
- It can be used as a scripting language or can be compiled to byte-code for building large applications.
- It provides very high-level dynamic data types and supports dynamic type checking.
- It supports automatic garbage collection.
- It can be easily integrated with C, C++, COM, ActiveX, CORBA, and Java.
Applications of Python
Python is a general purpose programming language known for its readability. It is widely applied in various fields.
- In Data Science, Python libraries like Numpy, Pandas, and Matplotlib are used for data analysis and visualization.
- Python frameworks like Django, and Pyramid, make the development and deployment of Web Applications easy.
- This programming language also extends its applications to computer vision and image processing.
- It is also favored in many tasks like Automation, Job Scheduling, GUI development, etc.
Features of Python
The latest release of Python is 3.x. As mentioned before, Python is one of the most widely used languages on the web. I'm going to list a few of them here:
- Easy-to-learn − Python has few keywords, simple structure, and a clearly defined syntax. This allows the student to pick up the language quickly.
- Easy-to-read − Python code is more clearly defined and visible to the eyes.
- Easy-to-maintain − Python's source code is fairly easy-to-maintain.
- A broad standard library − Python's bulk of the library is very portable and cross-platform compatible on UNIX, Windows, and Macintosh.
- Interactive Mode − Python has support for an interactive mode that allows interactive testing and debugging of snippets of code.
- Portable − Python can run on a wide variety of hardware platforms and has the same interface on all platforms.
- Extendable − You can add low-level modules to the Python interpreter. These modules enable programmers to add to or customize their tools to be more efficient.
- Databases − Python provides interfaces to all major commercial databases.
- GUI Programming − Python supports GUI applications that can be created and ported to many system calls, libraries, and Windows systems, such as Windows MFC, Macintosh, and the X Window system of Unix.
- Scalable − Python provides a better structure and support for large programs than shell scripting.
Python Database Handling
The following tutorials will help you learn how to work with different databases using Python programming:
Python Reference
The complete function and method references −
- Python Complete Reference
- Python Built-in Functions Reference
- Python Modules Reference
- Python Keywords Reference
- Python Cheatsheet
Python Practice
Practice Python from the below-given links:
Python Exercises
You can practice various Python topics with the help of examples provided:
Python Jobs
Today, Python is very high in demand, and all the major companies are looking for great Python programmers to develop websites, software components, and applications or to work with data science, AI, and ML technologies. When we are developing this tutorial in 2022, there is a high shortage of Python programmers, where the market demands a greater number of Python programmers due to its applications in machine learning, artificial intelligence, etc.
Today, a Python programmer with 3-5 years of experience is asking for around $150,000 in an in an annual package, and this is the most demanding programming language in America. Though it can vary depending on the location of the job. It's impossible to list all of the companies using Python, to name a few big companies are:
- Intel
- NASA
- PayPal
- IBM
- Amazon
- Netflix
- Uber
- Many more...
So, you could be the next potential employee for any of these major companies. We have developed great learning material for you to learn Python programming, which will help you prepare for the technical interviews and certification exams based on Python. So, start learning Python using this simple and effective tutorial from anywhere and anytime, absolutely at your pace.
Why to Learn Python?
Python is consistently rated as one of the world's most popular programming languages. Python is fairly easy to learn, so if you are starting to learn any programming language, then Python could be your great choice. Today, various schools, colleges, and universities are teaching Python as their primary programming language. There are many other good reasons that make Python the top choice of any programmer:
- Python is open source, which means it's available free of cost.
- Python is simple and so easy to learn.
- Python is versatile and can be used to create many different things.
- Python has powerful development libraries, including AI, ML, etc.
- Python is much in demand and ensures a high salary.
Python is a MUST for students and working professionals to become great software engineers, especially when they are working in the web development domain. I will list down some of the key advantages of learning Python:
- Python is Interpreted − Python is processed at runtime by the interpreter. You do not need to compile your program before executing it. This is similar to PERL and PHP.
- Python is Interactive − You can actually sit at a Python prompt and interact with the interpreter directly to write your programs.
- Python is Object-Oriented − Python supports Object-Oriented style or technique of programming that encapsulates code within objects.
- Python is a Beginner's Language − Python is a great language for the beginner-level programmers and supports the development of a wide range of applications from simple text processing to WWW browsers to games.
Careers with Python
If you know Python nicely, then you have a great career ahead. Here are just a few of the career options where Python is a key skill:
- Game developer
- Web designer
- Python developer
- Full-stack developer
- Machine learning engineer
- Data scientist
- Data analyst
- Data engineer
- DevOps engineer
- Software engineer
- Many more other roles
Download Python
You can download Python from its official website: https://www.python.org/downloads/
Python Updates & New Features
The current stable version of Python is 3.13, which was released on October 7, 2024. Python 3.14 is still in the development phase with many new features and changes:
- PEP 649: Deferred evaluation of annotations.
- PEP 741: Python configuration C API.
- PEP 761: Sigstore replaces PGP signatures for verification.
- Improved error messages.
Target Audience: Who Can Learn Python?
This tutorial has been prepared for the beginners to help them understand the basics to advanced concepts of Python programming language. After completing this tutorial, you will find yourself at a great level of expertise in Python programming, from where you can take yourself to the next levels.
Prerequisites to Learn Python
Although it is a beginners tutorial, we assume that the readers have a reasonable exposure to any programming environment and knowledge of basic concepts such as variables, commands, syntax, etc.
Python Questions & Answers
You can explore a set of Python Questions and Answers at Python Questions & Answers