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Alexander Dennis Enviro200 MMC

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Alexander Dennis Enviro200 MMC
Metroline Enviro200 MMC at Ealing Broadway in December 2024
Overview
ManufacturerAlexander Dennis
Production2014–present
Body and chassis
Doors1 or 2 doors
Floor typeLow floor
ChassisIntegral
RelatedAlexander Dennis Enviro200EV
Alexander Dennis Enviro400 MMC
Powertrain
Engine
Capacity30–40 seated
Power output140–240 hp (100–180 kW)
TransmissionVoith (2014-)
Allison, ZF (2014-2022)
Dimensions
Length8.9 m (29 ft 2 in)
9.7 m (31 ft 10 in)
10.2 m (33 ft 6 in)
10.8 m (35 ft 5 in)
11.5 m (37 ft 9 in)
11.8 m (38 ft 9 in)
12.8 m (42 ft 0 in)
Width2.44 m (8 ft 0 in)
Height2.86 m (9 ft 5 in)
Curb weight13–14.4 t (12.8–14.2 long tons; 14.3–15.9 short tons)
Chronology
PredecessorAlexander Dennis Enviro200
Alexander Dennis Enviro300

The Alexander Dennis Enviro200 MMC, also marketed as the Alexander Dennis Enviro200, is a single-decker city bus produced by Alexander Dennis since 2014 as the successor to the Enviro200 midibus and Enviro300 full-size bus. The first Enviro200 MMCs entered service with National Express West Midlands in 2015. Notably, Enviro200 MMCs have been modified by Fusion Processing to be used as the basis for the first driverless bus trials in the United Kingdom.

The Enviro200 MMC is available over a range of lengths, including 8.9 metres, 9.7 metres, 10.8 metres and 11.5/11.8 metres, as an integral twin-axle midibus or full-size bus. Additionally, the 12.7 metre tri-axle Enviro200 XLB is offered in the New Zealand market. The Enviro200 MMC bodywork is also available as an all-electric bus, known as the Alexander Dennis Enviro200EV, built on a BYD Auto battery electric chassis.

Introduction

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The Enviro200 MMC can trace its lineage back to the original Dennis Dart midibus, introduced by Dennis Specialist Vehicles in 1989. One of the most successful bus models of all time,[according to whom?] the original Dart was replaced by the low-floor Dart SLF in 1996. Through financial difficulties at the various parent companies, production of the Dart SLF passed first to TransBus International in 2001 and subsequently to Alexander Dennis in 2004.

The second-generation Alexander Dennis Enviro200 - then branded as the Enviro200 Dart - was introduced as the Dart SLF's replacement in 2006, based very strongly on the design of the previous model. The third-generation Enviro200 was launched in 2009, followed by the Enviro200 MMC in 2015. Production of the classic third-generation Enviro200 ultimately ceased in late 2018.

Variants

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Enviro200 MMC

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Stagecoach West Enviro200 MMC in Oxford in October 2019
Blackpool Transport Enviro200 MMC on the Blackpool Promenade in July 2021
Trentbarton 'threes' branded Enviro200 MMC at Mansfield bus station in May 2024

Alexander Dennis unveiled the Enviro200 MMC (short for Major Model Change) at the Euro Bus Expo in Birmingham in November 2014. As well as replacing the classic Enviro200, it also superseded the Enviro300.[2] The first production examples of the Enviro200 MMC entered service with National Express West Midlands in 2015, the operator having ordered 50 of the type.[3][4]

Go South Coast were early customers of the Enviro200 MMC, with a first batch of 18 delivered to Bluestar in late 2015.[5] Twelve more were delivered to Bluestar in 2016,[6] followed by a third batch in 2019, some of which had air filters mounted on the roof following successful trials in Southampton.[7][8] Swindon's Bus Company had 13 Enviro200 MMCs delivered in 2017, followed by another batch of six in 2020,[9][10] and Morebus had 41 Enviro200 MMCs delivered in 2018 for services between Bournemouth and Poole.[11]

The Stagecoach Group, the founders of which were shareholders of Alexander Dennis until 2019,[12] operate a large number of Enviro200 MMCs across the group's operations in England, Wales and Scotland. After a first batch of eight built to Transport for London specification entered service with Stagecoach London in October 2015,[13] Stagecoach's first regional Enviro200 MMCs entered service with Stagecoach South,[14] Stagecoach East Scotland,[15][16] Stagecoach Oxfordshire and Stagecoach Yorkshire between November 2015 and February 2016.[17][18] Further examples have entered service with Stagecoach North East, who received eighteen for services in Newcastle upon Tyne in December 2016,[19] Stagecoach East Midlands, where Enviro200 MMCs were introduced for services in Lincoln and Hull as well as on the Humber Fastcat service to Scunthorpe,[20][21][22] and Stagecoach South West, where 14 Enviro200 MMCs entered service in Exeter in 2018.[23] Some delivered to Stagecoach have been built to the company's high standard Stagecoach Gold specification, with 24 such Enviro200 MMCs delivered to Stagecoach South Wales in 2016,[24] and another 25 being delivered to Stagecoach Midlands in 2018.[25]

The FirstGroup are another significant operator of Enviro200 MMCs, making significant purchases of the type throughout 2015 and 2016. 32 Enviro200 MMCs were delivered to First Glasgow in November 2015 as part of a larger vehicle investment for the city,[26] followed by the delivery of seven high-specification Enviro200 MMCs in January 2016 to upgrade First Aberdeen's route 13 to 'Platinum' specification.[27] Smaller batches of Enviro200 MMCs were also delivered to First South Yorkshire for services in Sheffield,[28] First Essex,[29] First Potteries,[30] First Cymru[31] and for First Glasgow's express services to Glasgow Airport.[32]

Arriva UK Bus also operate a number of Enviro200 MMCs. The company first took on Enviro200 MMCs in early 2016, which were delivered to Arriva London for service on route B13.[33] The first orders for an Arriva subsidiary outside London was delivered to Arriva Shires & Essex in 2017, with 14 of the type delivered for services in Luton.[34] Elsewhere in 2017, Yorkshire Tiger launched six Enviro200 MMCs for 'Flying Tiger' services connecting Bradford and Harrogate with Leeds Bradford Airport.[35][36] 27 more Enviro200 MMCs were delivered to Arriva Midlands, Arriva North East and Arriva Southern Counties in mid-2022.[37][38]

Wellglade Group companies Trent Barton and Kinchbus had 156 Enviro200 MMCs in total delivered between 2016 and 2023. These buses were delivered in various route-branded liveries, such as for the 'Skylink' service to East Midlands Airport, and all feature high-specification interiors.[39][40] A further 29 for use on the 'Ilkeston Flyer', 'the Villager', the H1 and 'the Mickleover' services are on order for delivery in summer 2024.[41]

Nine Enviro200 MMCs were delivered to East Yorkshire Motor Services across two batches in 2017.[42][43] Following the company's acquisition by Go North East, a pair of Enviro200 MMCs were delivered for two rural services in 2019[44] and eight more were delivered to Scarborough for the 'Scarborough Sevens' operation later that year.[45] This was accompanied by deliveries of 11 Enviro200 MMCs to Go North East for its 'Green Arrow' service.[46][47]

Transdev Blazefield first took five Enviro200 MMCs for its York & Country operation in 2019 after the company won five service contracts in York.[48][49] A further 13 Enviro200 MMCs with high specification interiors were delivered to the Blackburn Bus Company in January 2020.[50]

Rotala operator and Transport for Greater Manchester contractor Diamond North West took delivery of 67 Enviro200 MMCs between late 2023 and early 2024, intended for use on bus services franchised to Diamond through the Bee Network scheme. 52 Bee Network Enviro200 MMCs were also delivered to Go North West earlier in 2023 for use on services franchised under Tranche 1 of the scheme.[51] Arriva North West, meanwhile, began taking delivery of 56 Enviro200 MMCs for use on the Liverpool City Region's franchised Metro services from November 2024 onwards.[52]

Other operators include McGills Bus Services, who took delivery of 26 Enviro200 MMCs in 2019, with 15 of the batch specified to be built to 11.5m length while the remaining eleven were specified to 10.4m length.[53][54] 44 were also delivered to Go Cornwall Bus in 2020, shortly after the launch of the company's new tendered bus network.[55] Two pairs of Enviro200 MMCs were purchased on lease to Thames Valley Buses in 2022,[56] while Cardiff Bus ordered ten Enviro200 MMCs in 2017.[57][58] A pair of Enviro200 MMCs were delivered from stock to Rotala subsididary Preston Bus on short-term notice in September 2024.[59]

The Enviro200 MMC is also popular with independently-run companies, many of which are either bought outright or leased to the operator through lessors such as Mistral.[60] Among these include Moffat and Williamson of Fife, who took seven in 2017,[61] Delaine Buses, who purchase two annually and operate five of the type as of September 2022,[62][63] Edwards Coaches,[64] Whitelaws Coaches,[65] Go Goodwins,[66] and Kev's Cars and Coaches.[67]

BYD Enviro200EV

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Main article: Alexander Dennis Enviro200EV

The Alexander Dennis Enviro200EV is a single-deck bus that runs on battery electric power. It has been produced since 2015 by the British company Alexander Dennis in partnership with the Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer BYD Auto. The Enviro200EV is an all-electric variant of the Enviro200 MMC.[68]

Enviro200 XLB

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Ritchies Transport Enviro200XLB at Constellation bus station in 2017

In 2017, a 12.8 metre tri-axle version of the Enviro200 MMC, named the Enviro200 XLB, was launched for the New Zealand market. Significant investment in the vehicle type has been seen across the country, with Ritchies Transport purchasing 28 for their Auckland operations, and Birkenhead Transport acquiring 25 examples.[69]

Enviro200AV

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A CAVForth Enviro200AV autonomous bus operated by Stagecoach East Scotland in May 2023

The first autonomous bus trial in the United Kingdom commenced in mid-2019, with an Enviro200 MMC modified with SAE Level 4 autonomous software from Fusion Processing able to operate in driverless mode within Stagecoach Manchester's Sharston bus depot, performing tasks such as driving to the washing station, refuelling point and then parking up at a dedicated parking space in the depot.[70] Enviro200 MMCs with this autonomous technology were later marketed by Alexander Dennis as the Enviro200AV.

A passenger-carrying driverless bus service named CAVForth commenced operations on 15 May 2023 using a fleet of five Enviro200AVs built to the same specifications as the Manchester trial vehicle on a 14 miles (23 km) Stagecoach East Scotland park-and-ride route across the Forth Road Bridge, from the north bank of the Forth to Edinburgh Park station.[71][72] The pilot service, partly funded by the UK government's Centre for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CCAV), employs twenty personnel recruited by Stagecoach, which includes 'safety drivers' who occupy the cab and monitor the driverless technology as well as 'bus captains', similar to the role of a bus conductor, who will assist passengers boarding the service.[73]

Non-passenger testing of the Enviro200AVs along the park-and-ride route commenced for a period of two weeks in April 2022;[74] passengers were first carried on the buses during further testing in January 2023.[75] Four of the five Enviro200AVs entered service on the AB1 service upon the launch of the route in May 2023; one was exported to Dubai for trials with the emirate's Roads and Transport Authority.[76]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Enviro200 single deck bus" (PDF). Larbert: Alexander Dennis. August 2024. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
  2. ^ Izatt, Andy (11 November 2014). "Euro 6 Enviro200". Coach & Bus Week. No. 1163. Peterborough. pp. 18–19. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
  3. ^ "Nat Ex takes debut production E200MMC". RouteOne. 28 April 2016. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  4. ^ "NXWM receives third Carbon Saver Gold Award". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 7 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  5. ^ "18 Enviro 200s for Bluestar". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. 9 December 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  6. ^ "ADL wins with Go South Coast". RouteOne. 24 May 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  7. ^ "Go-Ahead to deploy air-cleaning buses nationwide". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 28 January 2020. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  8. ^ "Bluestar to expand 'air-filtering' fleet following successful trial". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 25 June 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  9. ^ "Go South Coast new-look Enviro200s to feature at Coach & Bus UK". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 3 October 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  10. ^ "Swindon's Bus Company unveils new ADL buses". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 20 October 2020. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  11. ^ "Morebus adds 41 Alexander Dennis E200 MMCs". RouteOne. 26 February 2018. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  12. ^ "Alexander Dennis sold to Canadian firm for £320m". BBC News. 28 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  13. ^ "ADL Enviro200 MMC makes capital debut". RouteOne. 27 October 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
  14. ^ "Stagecoach South launches £2.5m fleet in Winchester". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 2 November 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
  15. ^ Stark, Jim (31 December 2015). "New buses for Route 19". Central Fife Times. Dunfermline. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
  16. ^ "Free wi-fi for passengers as 19 vehicles with latest 'green' engines bought". Dunfermline Press. 22 December 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
  17. ^ "Stagecoach launches £1.4m Enviro200 MMC fleet in Rotherham". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 1 February 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
  18. ^ "New Enviro200s for Barnsley". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. 22 January 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
  19. ^ "£4m in 18 new buses for Stagecoach Newcastle". RouteOne. 18 December 2016. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  20. ^ "Stagecoach East Midlands invests £5.7m in Hull's green buses". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 22 January 2019. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  21. ^ "Stagecoach East Midlands launches new Fastcat buses". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 31 October 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  22. ^ Norton, Emily (23 January 2018). "Stagecoach rolls out £3m new buses and timetables for Lincoln". The Lincolnite. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  23. ^ "Stagecoach invest £2.5m in 14 new high-spec vehicles". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 18 December 2018. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  24. ^ "Stagecoach South Wales route goes gold". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 6 December 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
  25. ^ Harrison, Claire (22 February 2018). "GOLD buses to hit the streets of Nuneaton". Coventry Telegraph. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  26. ^ "New Enviro200 fleet arrives at First in Lanarkshire". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 23 November 2015. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  27. ^ "First £1m Aberdeen investment". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. 29 January 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  28. ^ "FirstGroup announces £70m fleet investment in annual fleet order". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 3 May 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  29. ^ "First turns loss into profit". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 22 November 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  30. ^ "Super-light Enviro200 MMC is put to the test". RouteOne. 15 December 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
  31. ^ Clark, Rhodri (18 January 2018). "Swansea rediscovers two decks". Buses. Stamford: Key Publishing. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  32. ^ Peat, Chris (27 July 2016). "£2.1m ADLs for First Glasgow". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  33. ^ "Arriva services in London consolidated under Arriva London operation". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 29 March 2016. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  34. ^ "Arriva Luton adds new Alexander Dennis E200s". RouteOne. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  35. ^ Cole, David (5 July 2017). "Flying Higher". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  36. ^ "Yorkshire Tiger launches new E200 fleet". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 4 July 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
  37. ^ Halford, Paul (22 March 2023). "Alexander Dennis completes Arriva shipment". routeone. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
  38. ^ Peat, Chris (22 March 2023). "ADL completes delivery of 74 buses to Arriva". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
  39. ^ "55 more Alexander Dennis Enviro200s for Trent Barton". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 10 March 2020. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  40. ^ "Trent Barton launches E200 fleet for skylink service". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 3 October 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  41. ^ Halford, Paul (19 April 2024). "Trentbarton orders 29 Enviro200s from ADL". routeone. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
  42. ^ "EYMS keeps on buying". Buses. No. 744. Stamford: Key Publishing. 16 February 2017. p. 14. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  43. ^ Tinham, Brian (12 January 2017). "EYMS commissions four locally built ADL Enviro 200s". Transport Engineer. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  44. ^ "East Yorkshire introduces new buses for rural routes". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 24 April 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  45. ^ Bambridge, Steve (4 August 2019). "New 'Scarborough Sevens' buses, featuring free wi-fi and charging points, to go on the road". The Scarborough News. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  46. ^ Deakin, Tim (13 November 2019). "Go North East adds 11 ADL Enviro200s". RouteOne. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  47. ^ Priestley, Catherine (14 October 2019). "Watch out for Green Arrow buses on region's road". The Northern Echo. Darlington. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  48. ^ "Partnership delivers new buses and creates jobs for York". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 10 September 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  49. ^ "All change on York's buses as new operator takes over five key routes". York Mix. 4 September 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  50. ^ Wilson, Saffron (29 January 2020). "Transdev invests in new Lancashire buses". RouteOne. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  51. ^ "Rotala to place more Enviro200s into service on Bee Network". routeone. 1 March 2024. Retrieved 1 March 2024.
  52. ^ "Arriva Merseyside debuts first of 56 Metro-branded Enviro200s". routeone. 10 December 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  53. ^ "McGills orders fleet of 26 Enviro200 MMCs". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 20 November 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
  54. ^ "McGill's invests £4.75m in 26 new buses". BBC News. 28 March 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
  55. ^ Moreno, Clive (13 February 2017). "ADL delivering 92 buses to Go Cornwall". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  56. ^ "Thames Valley Buses take a further ADL Enviro200 pair". RouteOne. 2 May 2022. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  57. ^ "Cardiff investing £1.5m with ADL". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. 13 February 2017. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
  58. ^ "Cardiff Bus to invest £1.5m in new buses". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 7 February 2017. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
  59. ^ "Immediate Alexander Dennis Enviro200 stock availability meets demand at Rotala Preston Bus" (Press release). Larbert: Alexander Dennis. 5 September 2024. Retrieved 10 September 2024.
  60. ^ "Leasing or rental: It's your choice with Mistral". RouteOne. 17 May 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  61. ^ Flatt, Kirsty (10 January 2017). "Moffat and Williamson". Bus & Coach Buyer. Peterborough. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  62. ^ "Delaine Buses continues investment with fourth Enviro200". RouteOne. 20 April 2022. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  63. ^ "Delaine Buses places 72-plate Enviro200 into service". routeone. 5 September 2022. Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  64. ^ "Edwards Coaches rejuvenates pontypridd bus service". Around Town Wales. 31 May 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2022. [permanent dead link‍]
  65. ^ "Whitelaw's Coaches' six new Enviro200 MMCs". RouteOne. 28 September 2016. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  66. ^ "Go Goodwins Little Gem fleet takes three new Enviro200s". RouteOne. 23 July 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  67. ^ "Kev's Cars and Coaches takes Enviro200 pair from Mistral". RouteOne. 16 January 2022. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  68. ^ "BYD ADL Enviro200EV" (PDF). BYD Auto. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
  69. ^ "Enviro200XLB Single Decks to Join Enviro500s Double Decks in Birkenhead Transport's Fleet" (Press release). Larbert: Alexander Dennis. 4 October 2017. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
  70. ^ Jones, Sarah (19 March 2019). "UK's first driverless bus trialled in Manchester". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 19 March 2019.
  71. ^ "First driverless Edinburgh to Fife bus trial announced". BBC News. 22 November 2018.
  72. ^ Deakin, Tim (4 April 2023). "CAVForth autonomous service to commence on 15 May". routeone. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  73. ^ "Stagecoach autonomous bus begins on-road testing". Coach & Bus Week. Peterborough. 26 April 2022. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  74. ^ "Full-size autonomous bus testing commences in Scotland". routeone. 25 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  75. ^ Peat, Chris (23 January 2023). "First passengers board Stagecoach autonomous bus". Bus & Coach Buyer. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
  76. ^ Millar, Alan (10 June 2023). "Bridge to the future". Buses. No. 820. Stamford: Key Publishing. pp. 28–32. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
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