Battle of Pirmasens

Battle of Pirmasens
Part of War of the First Coalition
Troop movements during the battle of Pirmasens 1793
Date 14 September 1793 Location Pirmasens, Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, modern-day Germany Result Prussian victory
Belligerents
Kingdom of Prussia	Republican France
Commanders and leaders
Duke of Brunswick	Jean René Moreaux
Units involved
Prussian Army	Corps of the Vosges
Strength
8,000, 58 guns	12,000, 36 guns
Casualties and losses
167	4,000, 19–22 guns

The Battle of Pirmasens (14 September 1793) saw the French Republican corps led by Jean René Moreaux attack the Prussian force led by Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. From prepared positions, the Prussians caught the French in a deadly crossfire, forcing them to withdraw their troops. The clash happened during the War of the First Coalition, part of a larger conflict known as the French Revolutionary Wars. In 1793 Pirmasens was part of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt but today the city is in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany, 34.4 kilometres (21 mi) south of Kaiserslautern.

Battle

The 8,000-strong Prussian force counted 11 battalions, 11 squadrons, one horse and five foot artillery batteries. One wing was led by General-Leutnant Ludwig Karl von Kalckstein and consisted of the 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the Garde zu Fuss Infantry Regiment Nr. 15 and three battalions each of the Infantry Regiments Brunswick Nr. 19 and Prinz Heinrich Nr. 35. The other wing was under General-major Prince Charles Louis of Baden and included the 1st Battalions of the Infantry Regiments Schladen Nr. 41 and Borch Nr. 49, 2nd Battalion of Infantry Regiment Wolframsdorf Nr. 37, four squadrons of the Borstell Cuirassier Regiment Nr. 7, five squadrons of the Tschirschky Dragoon Regiment Nr. 11 and two squadrons of the Wolffradt Hussar Regiment Nr. 6. The Prussian force was supported by 58 artillery pieces.

Moreaux's attacking force was divided into three columns. The Right Column was led by Paul Guillaume and included the 1st Battalion of the 30th Line Infantry Demi Brigade, 2nd Battalion of the 8th Line, 4th Battalion of the Haute-Saône Volunteers and 270 men of the Guillaume Company. The Center Column was directed by François Xavier Jacob Freytag and consisted of the 1st Battalions of the 1st, 24th, 96th and 102nd Line and Yonne Volunteers, 2nd Battalions of the Moselle and Observatoire Volunteers, 3rd Battalion of the République Volunteers, 3rd and 4th Battalions of the Manche Volunteers, 4th Battalion of the Seine-Inférieure Volunteers, 9th Battalion of the Meurthe Volunteers, the Bons-Tireurs Chasseurs Company and three squadrons of the 4th Cavalry Regiment. The Left Column was under Louis Lequoy and counted six squadrons of the 9th Chasseurs à Cheval and 14th Dragoon Regiments. The French were provided with 36 guns.

References

• Nafziger, George F. (1990). "Prussian Forces: Battle of Pirmasens, 14 September 1793" (PDF). US Army Combined Arms Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
• Rickard, J. "Battle of Pirmasens, 14 September 1793". historyofwar.org. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
• Smith, Digby (1998). The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill. ISBN 1-85367-276-9.