inde

Etymology

From Old Latin im, em (“then, there”), from is (compare quum, tum), and the demonstrative suffix *-de.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈin.de/, [ˈɪn̪d̪ɛ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈin.de/, [ˈin̪d̪e]

Adverb

inde (not comparable)

1. thence, from there (in space)
   • 61 CE – c. 112 CE, Pliny the Younger, Epistulae 5:

     Inde etiam rosas effert, umbrarumque frigus non ingrato sole distinguit. Finito vario illo multiplicique curvamine recto limiti redditur nec huic uni, nam viae plures intercedentibus buxis dividuntur.^[1][2]

     Farther on, there are roses too along the path, and the cool shade is pleasantly alternated with sunshine. Having passed through these manifold winding alleys, the path resumes a straight course, and at the same time divides into several tracks, separated by box hedges.^[3]

2. from, since; thenceforth (in time)
   • 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, De Provinciis Consularibus 13.33:

     Nemo sapienter de re publica nostra cogitavit, iam inde a principio huius imperi, quin Galliam maxime timendam huic imperio putaret

     From the very beginning of this empire, nobody has ever carefully considered our republic who did not regard Gaul as the greatest object of fear for this empire.

   • 1950, Pope Pius XII, Munificentissimus Deus:

     Maxime autem illud memorandum est, inde a saeculo secundo Mariam Virginem a Sanctis Patribus veluti novam Hevam proponi […]^[4]

     We must remember especially that, since the second century, the Virgin Mary has been designated by the holy Fathers as the new Eve […]

Etymology

A 20th-century neologism, introduced in the Scientific Terminology Dictionary (Riga, 1922) to replace a previous Germanism, ģifts. The word was coined by shortening the (old-fashioned, dialectal) word indeve (“illness, disease; bad disposition; evil spirit; poison”), which J. Endzelīns considered either an old Curonian term or a borrowing from Lithuanian (cf. Lithuanian dialectal indėvė (“poison; evil, evil spirit”)), perhaps formed from a prefix *in- (Latvian ie-) and the verb dot (“to give”) or dēt (“to lay (eggs); orig. to put”). The meaning evolution would be similar to that of German Gift: from “something given, put (in)” to “poison.” Another possibility, suggested by the “evil spirit” meaning of the Lithuanian cognate (also attested in older Latvian sources as a name for the devil), is that indeve might come from *in- (“negative”) + dievs, i.e. “no-god” > “evil, evil spirit” (cf. similarly formed nedievs). It is also possible that two similar words, meaning “disease” and “evil spirit,” became homophonous and merged as indeve. It has also been suggested that Middle Dutch inde (“end; death”), inden (“to end life, to die”) could also have influenced indeve, given the strong presence of Dutch sailors and craftsmen in the times of the old Duchy of Courland (1561-1726).^[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [īndɛ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

inde f (5th declension)

1. poison, venom (substance with deleterious or even fatal effects on living organisms)

   bišu inde ― bee venom

   čūsku inde ― snake venom

   indes koncentrācija ― poison concentration

   čūsku indes zobi ― snake venom teeth

   indes dziedzeri ― venom glands

   sagatavot indi ― to prepare poison

   neitralizēt indi ― to neutralize poison

   mūsdienu zinātnei labi zināma ļoti iedarbīga inde: kālija cianīds ― a very effective poison is well known to modern science: potassium cyanide

   tabakas lapas satur nikotīnu, kas ir stipra sirds inde ― the tobacco leaf contains nicotine, which is a strong poison for the heart

2. (figuratively) poison (something with bad effects on people)

   viņš nestrīdas pretim... bet šaubu un neticības indi pa kādam pilienam iepilina katrā sarunā ― he did not counterargue... but he added doubt and drops of the poison of unbelief in every conversation

References

Alternative forms

• ynde, ind, hinde, hynde, hind, hende

Etymology

From Old French Inde (“India”), from Latin India, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδῐ́ᾱ (Indíā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiːnd(ə)/

Noun

inde (uncountable)

1. indigo, dark blue-purple (colour)
2. indigo pigment
3. indigo fabric

Adjective

inde

1. indigo-coloured
2. Dyed using indigo

See also

Alternative forms

Noun

inde

1. inflection of inda (“lord”):
   1. locative singular
   2. accusative plural

Noun

inde

1. locative singular of in