Thong-e̍k-khì

W3sDesign Interpreter Design Pattern UML

Program execution
General concepts
Code Translation Compiler Compile time Optimizing compiler Intermediate representation (IR) Execution Runtime system Runtime Executable Interpreter Virtual machine
Types of code
Source code Object code Bytecode Machine code Microcode
Compilation strategies
Ahead-of-time (AOT) Just-in-time (JIT) Tracing just-in-time Transcompilation Recompilation
Notable runtimes
Android Runtime (ART) BEAM Common Language Runtime (CLR) and Mono CPython and PyPy crt0 Java virtual machine (JVM) LuaJIT Objective-C and Swift's V8 and Node.js Zend Engine
Notable compilers & toolchains
GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) LLVM and Clang

Thong-e̍k-khì (Eng-gí: interpreter) sī kóng ē-tàng ti̍t-chia̍p chip-hêng iōng bó͘ khoán thêng-sek giân-gí ia̍h kha-pún giân-gí siá--ê chí-lēng ê chi̍t khoán tiān-náu thêng-sek. Ia̍h chiō sī kóng m̄-bián seng keng-kòe chhau-chi̍p (compile) ū-pī chhut chi̍t hūn ki-khì-bé.

Thong-e̍k-khì chip-hêng thêng-sek ê hong-hoat ū chē khoán, ū-ê sī ti̍t-chia̍p kái-bé lâi chip-hêng, chhiūⁿ Dartmouth BASIC; ū-ê sī seng chiong goân-sú-bé hoan-e̍k chhut chi̍t hūn khah hong-piān chip-hêng ê pòaⁿ-lō͘ hêng-sek liáu-āu, chiah chìn chi̍t pō͘ chip-hêng he pòaⁿ-lō͘ ê hêng-sek, chhiūⁿ Perl kap Python; koh ū chi̍t khoán sī ū chhau-chi̍p-khì ê kong-lêng, i chip-hêng--ê sī chi̍t hūn ū-chhau-chi̍p-bé (precompiled code), chhiūⁿ UCSD Pascal.

Guā-pōo liân-kiat

• IBM Card Interpreters page at Columbia University
• Theoretical Foundations For Practical 'Totally Functional Programming' (Chapter 7 especially) Doctoral dissertation tackling the problem of formalising what is an interpreter
• Short animation explaining the key conceptual difference between interpreters and compilers. Archived at ghostarchive.org on May 9, 2022.