Ukukhulelwa kwentsha
| Ukukhulelwa kwentsha | |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlela ngohlobo oluthile kanye nezinsiza zangaphandle |
Ukukhulelwa kwentsha okubuye kwaziwe njengo kukhulelwa kwentsha, ukukhulelwa kowesifazane ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-20.[1]
Emhlabeni wonke, izinkinga zokukhulelwa ziyimbangela eyinhloko yokufa kwabesifazane namantombazane abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-19 ubudala. Incazelo yokukhulelwa kwentsha ihlanganisa labo ababhekwa ngokomthetho njengabantu abadala ezweni labo.[2] I-World Health Organization ichaza ubusha njengenkathi ephakathi kweminyaka engu-10 nengu-19. Ukukhulelwa kungavela ngokuya ocansini ngemuva kokuqala kweqanda, okungenzeka ngaphambi kwenkathi yokuqala yokuya esikhathini (menarche). Emantombazaneni aphile kahle, inkathi yokuqala ivame ukwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka engu-12 nengu-13.[3]
Intsha ekhulelwe ibhekana nezinkinga eziningi ezifanayo zokukhulelwa njengabesifazane abadala.[4] Intsha inamathuba amaningi okubhekana nezinkinga zokukhulelwa noma ukufa komama kunabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-20 noma ngaphezulu. Kukhona ukukhathazeka okwengeziwe kulabo abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 njengoba bengenakuthuthuka ngokomzimba ukuze bakhulelwe kahle noma babebelethise.[5] Emantombazaneni aneminyaka engu-15-19, izingozi zihlobene kakhulu nezici zezenhlalo nezomnotho kunemiphumela yezinto eziphilayo yobudala.[6] Izingozi isisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa, Ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, i-anemia, kanye ne-pre-eclampsia azihlangene iminyaka engokwemvelo ngesikhathi intombazane ineminyaka engu-16, njengoba zingabonwa ekuzalweni kwentsha esezikhulile ngemuva kokulawula ezinye izici zobungozi, njengokufinyelela ekunakekelweni okuphezulu kwangaphambi kokubeletha
Ukukhulelwa
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ukukhulelwa kwentsha kuhlobene nezinkinga zomphakathi, kufaka phakathi amazinga aphansi imfundo ubumpofu. Ukukhulelwa kwentsha emazweni asethuthukile kuvame ukungaphandle umshado futhi kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa Ihlazo lomphakathi. Ukukhulelwa kwentsha emazweni asathuthuka kuvame ukwenzeka emshadweni futhi cishe ingxenye ihlelelwe. Kodwa-ke, kule miphakathi, ukukhulelwa okusheshayo kungahlangana ukungondleki kahle nokunakekelwa kwempilo okungekho kahle ukubangela izinkinga zezokwelapha. Uma isetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa, ukungenela kwezemfundo nokufinyelela ekulawuleni inzalo kunganciphisa ukukhulelwa kwentsha okungahlosiwe.[7][8]
Ngo-2023, emhlabeni wonke, abesifazane abangaba ngu-41 kwabangu-1,000 bazala phakathi kweminyaka engu-15 nengu-19, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuzalwa okungaba ngu-65 kwabangu-1.000 ngo-2000. Kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2021, amaphesenti alinganiselwa ku-14 amantombazane aseve eshumini nambili nabesifazane abasebasha emhlabeni wonke babika ukuthi bazala ngaphambi kokuba babe neminyaka engu-18. Izinga lokuzalwa kwentsha liphakeme emazweni athola imali ephansi nephakathi (LMIC), uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe athola imali ephakeme. Emazweni asathuthuka, abesifazane abangaba yizigidi ezingu-2.5 abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-19 ubudala banezingane unyaka ngamunye. Abanye abayizigidi ezingu-3.9 bakhipha isisu. Kuvame kakhulu emaphandleni kunasemadolobheni.
INKOMBA
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- ↑ https://wol.jw.org/zu/wol/d/r28/lp-zu/102004722
- ↑ https://wol.jw.org/zu/wol/d/r28/lp-zu/101990327
- ↑ Menstrual cycle among adolescents: Girls' awareness and influence of age at menarche and overweight. p. e2020494.
- ↑ . p. 1–8.
- ↑ . p. 1152.
- ↑ . p. 132–139.
- ↑ . p. CD005215.
- ↑ . p. 18. Missing or empty
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