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Terri Sewell

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Terri Sewell
Image of Terri Sewell

Candidate, U.S. House Alabama District 7

U.S. House Alabama District 7
Tenure

2011 - Present

Term ends

2027

Years in position

14

Compensation

Base salary

$174,000

Net worth

(2012) $191,507

Elections and appointments
Last elected

November 5, 2024

Next election

November 3, 2026

Education

Bachelor's

Princeton University, 1986

Graduate

Oxford University, 1988

Law

Harvard University, 1992

Personal
Religion
African Methodist Episcopal
Profession
Attorney
Contact

Terri Sewell (Democratic Party) is a member of the U.S. House, representing Alabama's 7th Congressional District. She assumed office on January 3, 2011. Her current term ends on January 3, 2027.

Sewell (Democratic Party) is running for re-election to the U.S. House to represent Alabama's 7th Congressional District. She declared candidacy for the 2026 election.[source]

Biography

Below is an abbreviated outline of Sewell's academic, professional, and political career:[1]

  • 2011-Present: U.S. Representative from Alabama's 7th Congressional District
  • 1992: Graduated from Harvard University with J.D.
  • 1988: Graduated from Oxford University with M.A.
  • 1986: Graduated from Princeton University with B.A.

Prior to serving in Congress, Sewell was a partner in the Birmingham law office of Maynard, Cooper & Gale, P.C., where she focused on securities and public finance law.[2]

Committee assignments

U.S. House

2023-2024

Sewell was assigned to the following committees:[Source]

2021-2022

Sewell was assigned to the following committees:[Source]

2017-2018

At the beginning of the 115th Congress, Sewell was assigned to the following committees:[3]

2015-2016

Sewell served on the following committees:[4]

2013-2014

Sewell served on the following committees:[5]

2011-2012

Key votes

See also: Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click here.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023

The 118th United States Congress began on January 3, 2023, at which point Republicans held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-212), and Democrats held the majority in the U.S. Senate (51-49). Joe Biden (D) was the president and Kamala Harris (D) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023
Vote Bill and description Status
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (310-118)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (227-201)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (217-215)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (328-86)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (225-204)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (219-200)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (229-197)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (314-117)
Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.) Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) (216-212)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (216-210)
Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.) Rep. Mike Johnson (R-La.) (220-209)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (221-212)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (311-114)


Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress

Elections

2026

See also: Alabama's 7th Congressional District election, 2026

Note: At this time, Ballotpedia is combining all declared candidates for this election into one list under a general election heading. As primary election dates are published, this information will be updated to separate general election candidates from primary candidates as appropriate.

General election

The general election will occur on November 3, 2026.

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 7

Incumbent Terri Sewell is running in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 7 on November 3, 2026.

Candidate
Image of Terri Sewell
Terri Sewell (D)

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Endorsements

Ballotpedia is gathering information about candidate endorsements. To send us an endorsement, click here.

2024

See also: Alabama's 7th Congressional District election, 2024

Alabama's 7th Congressional District election, 2024 (March 5 Republican primary)

Alabama's 7th Congressional District election, 2024 (March 5 Democratic primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 7

Incumbent Terri Sewell defeated Robin Litaker in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 7 on November 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Terri Sewell
Terri Sewell (D)
 
63.7
 
186,723
Image of Robin Litaker
Robin Litaker (R)
 
36.3
 
106,312
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.1
 
185

Total votes: 293,220
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 7

Incumbent Terri Sewell defeated Chris Davis in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 7 on March 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Terri Sewell
Terri Sewell
 
92.6
 
59,153
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Chris Davis
 
7.4
 
4,715

Total votes: 63,868
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 7

Christian Horn (Unofficially withdrew) defeated Robin Litaker in the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 7 on March 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Christian Horn
Christian Horn (Unofficially withdrew)
 
58.2
 
18,116
Image of Robin Litaker
Robin Litaker
 
41.8
 
12,990

Total votes: 31,106
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Endorsements

Ballotpedia did not identify endorsements for Sewell in this election.

2022

See also: Alabama's 7th Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 7

Incumbent Terri Sewell defeated Beatrice Nichols and Gavin Goodman in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 7 on November 8, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Terri Sewell
Terri Sewell (D)
 
63.5
 
123,233
Image of Beatrice Nichols
Beatrice Nichols (R) Candidate Connection
 
34.8
 
67,416
Image of Gavin Goodman
Gavin Goodman (L) Candidate Connection
 
1.7
 
3,212
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.0
 
79

Total votes: 193,940
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Incumbent Terri Sewell advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 7.

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Beatrice Nichols advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 7.

2020

See also: Alabama's 7th Congressional District election, 2020

Alabama's 7th Congressional District election, 2020 (March 3 Democratic primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 7

Incumbent Terri Sewell won election in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 7 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Terri Sewell
Terri Sewell (D)
 
97.2
 
225,742
 Other/Write-in votes
 
2.8
 
6,589

Total votes: 232,331
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Incumbent Terri Sewell advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 7.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2018

See also: Alabama's 7th Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 7

Incumbent Terri Sewell won election in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 7 on November 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Terri Sewell
Terri Sewell (D)
 
97.8
 
185,010
 Other/Write-in votes
 
2.2
 
4,153

Total votes: 189,163
(100.00% precincts reporting)
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 7

Incumbent Terri Sewell advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 7 on June 5, 2018.

Candidate
Image of Terri Sewell
Terri Sewell

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2016

See also: Alabama's 7th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Democratic. Incumbent Terri Sewell (D) was unopposed in the general election, as the only Republican candidate, David Van Williams, withdrew from the race. Sewell faced no opposition in the March 2016 primary.[169][170][171]

U.S. House, Alabama District 7 General Election, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngTerri Sewell Incumbent 98.4% 229,330
     N/A Write-in 1.6% 3,698
Total Votes 233,028
Source: Alabama Secretary of State

2014

See also: Alabama's 7th Congressional District elections, 2014

Sewell ran for re-election to the U.S. House in 2014. She defeated Tamara Harris Johnson in the Democratic primary election on June 3, 2014, and was unchallenged in the general election.[172][173]

U.S. House, Alabama District 7 General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngTerri Sewell Incumbent 98.4% 133,687
     N/A Write-in 1.6% 2,212
Total Votes 135,899
Source: Alabama Secretary of State
U.S. House, Alabama District 7 Democratic Primary, 2014
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngTerri Sewell Incumbent 83.9% 74,830
Tamara Harris Johnson 16.1% 14,345
Total Votes 89,175
Source: Politico

2012

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama, 2012

Sewell won re-election to the 7th Congressional District in 2012. She was unopposed in the Democratic primary and defeated Don Chamberlain (R) in the November 6 general election.[174]

U.S. House, Alabama District 7 General Election, 2012
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngTerri Sewell Incumbent 75.8% 232,520
     Republican Don Chamberlain 24.1% 73,835
     N/A Write-In 0.1% 203
Total Votes 306,558
Source: Alabama Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

Full history


Campaign themes

2026

Ballotpedia survey responses

See also: Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection

Candidate Connection

Terri Sewell has not yet completed Ballotpedia's 2026 Candidate Connection survey. If you are Terri Sewell, click here to fill out Ballotpedia's 2026 Candidate Connection survey.

Who fills out Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey?

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Help improve Ballotpedia - send us candidate contact info.


2024

Terri Sewell did not complete Ballotpedia's 2024 Candidate Connection survey.

2022

Terri Sewell did not complete Ballotpedia's 2022 Candidate Connection survey.

2020

Terri Sewell did not complete Ballotpedia's 2020 Candidate Connection survey.

2014

Sewell's official website listed the following issues:[176]

  • Education
Excerpt: "A successful workforce starts with a solid education base. As a product of public schools and the daughter of two educators, I know firsthand the difference that a strong education can make in achieving the American Dream, regardless of race, gender, or socioeconomic background. Improving education can help break the cycle of poverty that affects families all across west Alabama."
  • Healthcare
Excerpt: "Every person in the 7th Congressional District, Alabama and across America deserves access to affordable, quality health care, whether you live in a city or a small town. That is why I strongly support President Obama’s health care plan and the health care reform signed in to law last March."
  • Jobs and Economy
Excerpt: "We must create good-paying jobs, and support the millions of Americans who work hard every day to take care of their families. This means working diligently to address the immediate problems of unemployment, falling home prices and limping credit markets, while laying out a long-term plan that ensures future economic growth that benefits all Americans."

Campaign finance summary


Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.


Terri Sewell campaign contribution history
YearOfficeStatusContributionsExpenditures
2026* U.S. House Alabama District 7Candidacy Declared general$0 N/A**
2024* U.S. House Alabama District 7Won general$3,020,205 $2,302,875
2022U.S. House Alabama District 7Won general$2,359,061 $1,706,609
2020U.S. House Alabama District 7Won general$2,171,040 $1,498,832
2018U.S. House Alabama District 7Won general$1,785,099 $1,178,352
2016U.S. House, Alabama District 7Won $1,600,881 N/A**
2014U.S. House (Alabama, District 7)Won $1,511,862 N/A**
** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle
Note: Totals above reflect only available data.

Notable endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

This section displays endorsements this individual made in elections within Ballotpedia's coverage scope.

Notable candidate endorsements by Terri Sewell
EndorseeElectionStageOutcome
Kamala D. Harris  source  (D, Working Families Party) President of the United States (2024) PrimaryLost General
Barbara Lee  source  (D) U.S. Senate California (2024) PrimaryLost Primary
Joe Biden  source  (D, Working Families Party) President of the United States (2020) PrimaryWon General
Hillary Clinton  source  (D) President of the United States (2016) PrimaryLost General

Personal Gain Index

Congressional Personal Gain Index graphic.png
See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)

The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:

PGI: Change in net worth

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives
Net Worth Metric graphic.png

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Sewell's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $-636,982 and $1,019,997. That averages to $191,507, which is lower than the average net worth of Democratic representatives in 2012 of $5,700,168.36. Sewell ranked as the 348th most wealthy representative in 2012.[177] Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.[178]

Terri Sewell Yearly Net Worth
YearAverage Net Worth
2009$−204,931
2012$191,507
Growth from 2009 to 2012:N/A
Average annual growth:N/A
Comparatively, the American citizen experienced a median yearly decline in net worth of -0.94%.[179]

The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.

PGI: Donation Concentration Metric

See also: The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)

Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). Sewell received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the Lawyers/Law Firms industry.

From 2009-2014, 33.87 percent of Sewell's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.[180]

Donation Concentration Metric graphic.png
Terri Sewell Campaign Contributions
Total Raised $4,205,678
Total Spent $3,714,796
Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee
Lawyers/Law Firms$659,788
Securities & Investment$249,000
Insurance$205,800
Commercial Banks$164,700
Women's Issues$145,272
% total in top industry15.69%
% total in top two industries21.61%
% total in top five industries33.87%

Analysis

Ideology and leadership

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Sewell was a rank-and-file Democrat as of July 2014. This was the same rating Sewell received in June 2013.[181]

Like-minded colleagues

The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.[182]

Sewell most often votes with:

Sewell least often votes with:


Lifetime voting record

See also: Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives

According to the website GovTrack, Sewell missed 118 of 3,315 roll call votes from January 2011 to September 2015. This amounted to 3.6 percent, which was higher than the median of 2.2 percent among representatives as of September 2015.[183]

Congressional staff salaries

See also: Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives

The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Sewell paid her congressional staff a total of $842,301 in 2011. She ranked 13th on the list of the lowest paid Democratic representative staff salaries and ranked 90th overall of the lowest paid representative staff salaries in 2011. Overall, Alabama ranked 22nd in average salary for representative staff. The average U.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.[184]

National Journal vote ratings

See also: National Journal vote ratings

Each year National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year. Click the link above for the full ratings of all members of Congress.

2013

Sewell ranked 174th in the liberal rankings in 2013.[185]

2012

Sewell ranked 143rd in the liberal rankings in 2012.[186]

2011

Sewell ranked 164th in the liberal rankings in 2011.[187]

Voting with party

The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.

2014

Sewell voted with the Democratic Party 90.6 percent of the time, which ranked 152nd among the 204 House Democratic members as of July 2014.[188]

2013

Sewell voted with the Democratic Party 95.2 percent of the time, which ranked 113th among the 201 House Democratic members as of June 2013.[189]

See also


External links

Footnotes

  1. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "Terri Sewell," accessed October 28, 2011
  2. Congresswoman Terri Sewell, "Biography," accessed January 29, 2019
  3. U.S. House Clerk, "Official Alphabetical List of the House of Representatives of the United States One Hundred Fifteenth Congress," accessed February 2, 2017
  4. U.S. House of Representatives, Office of the Clerk, "Committee Information," accessed February 18, 2015
  5. CQ.com - Roll Call, "House Committee Rosters for the 113th Congress," accessed January 18, 2013
  6. Congress.gov, "H.R.2670 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024," accessed February 23, 2024
  7. Congress.gov, "H.R.185 - To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes." accessed February 23, 2024
  8. Congress.gov, "H.R.2811 - Limit, Save, Grow Act of 2023," accessed February 23, 2024
  9. Congress.gov, "H.Con.Res.9 - Denouncing the horrors of socialism." accessed February 23, 2024
  10. Congress.gov, "H.R.1 - Lower Energy Costs Act," accessed February 23, 2024
  11. Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.30 - Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to 'Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights'." accessed February 23, 2024
  12. Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.7 - Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020." accessed February 23, 2024
  13. Congress.gov, "H.R.3746 - Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023," accessed February 23, 2024
  14. Congress.gov, "Roll Call 20," accessed February 23, 2024
  15. Congress.gov, "H.Res.757 - Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant.," accessed February 23, 2024
  16. Congress.gov, "Roll Call 527," accessed February 23, 2024
  17. Congress.gov, "H.Res.757 - Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant." accessed February 23, 2024
  18. Congress.gov, "H.Res.878 - Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives." accessed February 23, 2024
  19. Congress.gov, "H.R.3684 - Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act," accessed April 15, 2022
  20. Congress.gov, "H.R.1319 - American Rescue Plan Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022
  21. Congress.gov, "H.R.5376 - Inflation Reduction Act of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023
  22. Congress.gov, "H.R.3617 - Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act," accessed January 20, 2023
  23. Congress.gov, "H.R.1 - For the People Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022
  24. Congress.gov, "H.R.1808 - Assault Weapons Ban of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023
  25. Congress.gov, "S.1605 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022," accessed April 15, 2022
  26. Congress.gov, "H.R.7776 - James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023," accessed January 20, 2023
  27. Congress.gov, "H.R.6 - American Dream and Promise Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022
  28. Congress.gov, "S.3373 - Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023
  29. Congress.gov, "H.R.4346 - Chips and Science Act," accessed January 20, 2023
  30. Congress.gov, "H.R.3755 - Women's Health Protection Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022
  31. Congress.gov, "H.R.1996 - SAFE Banking Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022
  32. Congress.gov, "H.R.2471 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022," accessed January 20, 2023
  33. Congress.gov, "H.R.5 - Equality Act," accessed April 15, 2022
  34. Congress.gov, "H.R.8404 - Respect for Marriage Act," accessed January 20, 2023
  35. Congress.gov, "H.R.6833 - Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023," accessed January 20, 2023
  36. Congress.gov, "H.R.7688 - Consumer Fuel Price Gouging Prevention Act," accessed January 20, 2023
  37. Congress.gov, "H.R.8 - Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021," accessed January 20, 2023
  38. Congress.gov, "H.R.5746 - Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act," accessed January 20, 2023
  39. Congress.gov, "S.2938 - Bipartisan Safer Communities Act," accessed January 20, 2023
  40. Congress.gov, "H.Res.24 - Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.," accessed April 15, 2022
  41. Congress.gov, "H.R.2617 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023," accessed January 20, 2023
  42. Congress.gov, "H.R.1044 - Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2020," accessed March 22, 2024
  43. Congress.gov, "H.R.6800 - The Heroes Act," accessed April 23, 2024
  44. Congress.gov, "H.R.1 - For the People Act of 2019," accessed April 23, 2024
  45. Congress.gov, "H.R.748 - CARES Act," accessed April 23, 2024
  46. Congress.gov, "H.R.5 - Equality Act," accessed April 23, 2024
  47. Congress.gov, "H.R.8 - Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019," accessed April 23, 2024
  48. Congress.gov, "H.R.6 - American Dream and Promise Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024
  49. Congress.gov, "S.1790 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020," accessed April 27, 2024
  50. Congress.gov, "H.R.6201 - Families First Coronavirus Response Act," accessed April 24, 2024
  51. Congress.gov, "H.R.1994 - Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024
  52. Congress.gov, "H.R.3 - Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act," accessed March 22, 2024
  53. Congress.gov, "H.R.1865 - Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020," accessed April 27, 2024
  54. Congress.gov, "S.1838 - Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024
  55. Congress.gov, "H.R.3884 - MORE Act of 2020," accessed April 27, 2024
  56. Congress.gov, "H.R.6074 - Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020," accessed April 27, 2024
  57. Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.31 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019," accessed April 27, 2024
  58. Congress.gov, "S.47 - John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act," accessed April 27, 2024
  59. Congress.gov, "H.R.6395 - William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021," accessed April 27, 2024
  60. Congress.gov, "H.R.6395 - William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021," accessed April 27, 2024
  61. Congress.gov, "S.24 - Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024
  62. Congress.gov, "H.Res.755 - Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors," accessed April 27, 2024
  63. Congress.gov, "H.Res.755 - Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors," accessed April 27, 2024
  64. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed December 13, 2018
  65. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 284," June 21, 2018
  66. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 282," June 21, 2018
  67. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed March 12, 2019
  68. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 549," October 3, 2017
  69. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 344," June 29, 2017
  70. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 342," June 29, 2017
  71. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 256," May 4, 2017
  72. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 405," September 26, 2018
  73. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 399," September 13, 2018
  74. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 313," June 28, 2018
  75. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 257," June 8, 2018
  76. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 216," May 22, 2018
  77. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 127," March 22, 2018
  78. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 69," February 9, 2018
  79. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 60," February 6, 2018
  80. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 44," January 22, 2018
  81. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 33," January 18, 2018
  82. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 708," December 21, 2017
  83. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 692," December 19, 2017
  84. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 670," December 7, 2017
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  88. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 528," September 14, 2017
  89. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 480," September 8, 2017
  90. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 441," September 6, 2017
  91. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 299," June 8, 2017
  92. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 249," May 3, 2017
  93. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 230," May 24, 2018
  94. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 49," January 30, 2018
  95. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 631," November 14, 2017
  96. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 435," July 27, 2017
  97. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 413," July 25, 2017
  98. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 437," July 28, 2017
  99. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 407," July 24, 2017
  100. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 378," July 14, 2017
  101. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 136," March 8, 2017
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  109. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 374," June 18, 2015
  110. Politico, "Trade turnaround: House backs new power for Obama," June 18, 2015
  111. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 388," June 24, 2015
  112. The Hill, "Obama signs trade bills," June 29, 2015
  113. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 239," accessed May 27, 2015
  114. Congress.gov, "H.R. 1735," accessed May 27, 2015
  115. The Hill, "Redone defense policy bill sails through House," accessed November 12, 2015
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  123. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 579," accessed November 1, 2015
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  125. Congress.gov, "H.R.1191 - Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015," accessed May 16, 2015
  126. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 226," accessed May 16, 2015
  127. Congress.gov, "HR 3461," accessed September 11, 2015
  128. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 493," accessed September 11, 2015
  129. Congress.gov, "HR 3460," accessed September 10, 2015
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  133. Congress.gov, "HR 597," accessed November 2, 2015
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  135. Congress.gov, "H.R.2048," accessed May 26, 2015
  136. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 224," accessed May 26, 2015
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  141. Congress.gov, "HR 1560 - Protecting Cyber Networks Act," accessed November 1, 2015
  142. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 170," accessed November 1, 2015
  143. Congress.gov, "HR 4038 - the American SAFE Act of 2015," accessed November 20, 2015
  144. Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 643," accessed November 20, 2015
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  146. Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 113th Congress," accessed March 4, 2014
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  166. Project Vote Smart, "H Amdt 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013
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