Neoaves

Neoavians; Amrediad amseryddol: ; Cretacaidd hwyr – Holosen; 75–0 Miliwn o fl. CP PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Y Ddrudwen gyffredin (Sturnus vulgaris)
Dosbarthiad gwyddonol
Teyrnas:	Animalia
Ffylwm:	Chordata
Dosbarth:	Aves
Inffradosbarth:	Neognathae
Magnurdd:	Neoaves
Cytrasau
	Columbea; Passerea;

Cytras neu grŵp o adar yw'r Neoaves sy'n cynnwys pob aderyn sy'n byw yn yr oes fodern hon (gellir hefyd eu galw'n Neornithes neu Aves) ar wahân i'r Paleognathae (sef yr adar gwastatfron (ratites a'u perthnasau agos) a hwyaid Galloanserae (sydd hefyd yn cynnwys ieir). Fe'u dosbarthwyd yn grwpiau gwyddonol yn eitha sydyn, ond dros y blynyddoedd bu llawer o angytuno ynghylch y grwpiau hyn.^[2]^[3]

Dyma un dosbarthiad gan Jarvis, E.D. et al. (2014)^[4] with some clade names after Yury, T. et al. (2013).^[5]

Neoaves

	Mesitornithiformes

	Pteroclidiformes

	Otidiformes

	Musophagiformes

Gruae

Opisthocomiformes

Gruimorphae

	Gruiformes

	Charadriiformes

Ardeae

Aequornithes

Eurypgimorphae

	Eurypygiformes

	Phaethontiformes

Telluraves

Afroaves

Accipitrimorphae

	Cathartiformes

	Accipitriformes

Strigiformes (owls)

	Coraciiformes

	Piciformes

	Psittaciformes

	Passeriformes

Cyfeiriadau

↑ Van Tuinen M. (2009) Birds (Aves). In The Timetree of Life, Hedges SB, Kumar S (eds). Oxford: Oxford University Press; 409–411.
↑ Mayr G. (2011) Metaves, Mirandornithes, Strisores and other novelties - a critical review of the higher-level phylogeny of neornithine birds. J Zool Syst Evol Res. 49:58-76.
↑ Matzke, A. et al. (2012) Retroposon insertion patterns of neoavian birds: strong evidence for an extensive incomplete lineage sorting eraMol. Biol. Evol.
↑ Jarvis, E.D. et al. (2014) Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds. Science, 346(6215):1320-1331.
↑ Yuri, T. et al. (2013) Parsimony and Model-Based Analyses of Indels in Avian Nuclear Genes Reveal Congruent and Incongruent Phylogenetic Signals. Biology, 2(1):419-444. doi:10.3390/biology2010419

Llyfryddiaeth

Michael J. Benton (2004). "Origin and relationships of Dinosauria". In David B. Weishampel; Peter Dodson; Halszka Osmólska (Hrsg.) (gol.). The Dinosauria. Berkeley: Zweite Auflage, University of California Press. tt. 7–19. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.

[1] Van Tuinen M. (2009) Birds (Aves). In The Timetree of Life, Hedges SB, Kumar S (eds). Oxford: Oxford University Press; 409–411.

[2] Mayr G. (2011) Metaves, Mirandornithes, Strisores and other novelties - a critical review of the higher-level phylogeny of neornithine birds. J Zool Syst Evol Res. 49:58-76.

[3] Matzke, A. et al. (2012) Retroposon insertion patterns of neoavian birds: strong evidence for an extensive incomplete lineage sorting eraMol. Biol. Evol.

[4] Jarvis, E.D. et al. (2014) Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds. Science, 346(6215):1320-1331.

[5] Yuri, T. et al. (2013) Parsimony and Model-Based Analyses of Indels in Avian Nuclear Genes Reveal Congruent and Incongruent Phylogenetic Signals. Biology, 2(1):419-444. doi:10.3390/biology2010419

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