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- Stephen A. McNallen (nacido el 15 de octubre de 1948) es un influyente líder y escritor neopagano. Nació el 15 de octubre de 1948 en Breckenridge, Texas, McNallen ha estado involucrado en el movimiento Ásatrú desde la década de los 70. (es)
- Stephen Anthony McNallen (born October 15, 1948) is an American proponent of Heathenry, a modern Pagan new religious movement, and a white nationalist activist. He founded the Asatru Folk Assembly (AFA), which he led from 1994 until 2016, having previously been the founder of the Viking Brotherhood and the Asatrú Free Assembly. Born in Breckenridge, Texas, McNallen developed an interest in pre-Christian Scandinavia while in college. In 1969–70 he founded the Viking Brotherhood, through which he printed a newsletter, The Runestone, to promote a form of Heathenry that he called "Asatru". After spending four years in the United States Army, he transformed the Viking Brotherhood into the Asatrú Free Assembly (AFA), through which he promoted Heathenry within the American Pagan community. He espoused the belief, which he named "metagenetics", that religions are connected to genetic inheritance, thus arguing that Heathenry was only suitable for those of Northern European ancestry. A growing membership generated internal conflict within the AFA, resulting in McNallen's decision to expel those with neo-Nazi and racial extremist views from the organisation. Under increasing personal strain, in 1987 he disbanded the Assembly. Moving to Northern California, McNallen began a career as a school teacher; during the summer vacations he travelled the world as a , writing articles for Soldier of Fortune magazine. Concerned by what he saw as the growth of liberal, universalist ideas in Heathenry, he returned to active involvement in the Heathen movement in the mid-1990s, establishing the Asatrú Folk Assembly, which was headquartered in Grass Valley, California. In 1997 he was involved in the establishment of the International Asatru/Odinist Alliance alongside Valgard Murray's Ásatrú Alliance and the British Odinic Rite. He brought greater attention to his group after they became involved in the debate surrounding the Kennewick Man, arguing that it constituted evidence for a European presence in prehistoric America. In the 21st century he became more politically active, becoming involved in both environmentalist campaigns and white nationalist groups linked to the alt-right movement. McNallen is a controversial figure in the Heathen and wider Pagan community. His espousal of right-wing ethnonationalist ideas and his insistence that Heathenry should be reserved for those of Northern European ancestry has resulted in accusations of racism from both Pagans and the mainstream media. Conversely, many on the extreme right of the Heathen movement have accused him of being a race traitor for his opposition to neo-Nazism and refusal to endorse white supremacism. (en)
- Stephen McNallen (Breckenridge, 15 ottobre 1948) è un esoterista statunitense. Influente membro del neopaganesimo germanico e scrittore, negli anni '70 svolse un ruolo decisivo nella formazione dell'Odinismo. (it)
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- Kaplan (en)
- Gardell (en)
- McNallen (en)
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- Kaplan (en)
- Calico (en)
- Goodrick-Clarke (en)
- Schnurbein (en)
- Gardell (en)
- McNallen (en)
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- Adler (en)
- Schnurbein (en)
- Gardell (en)
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- Breckenridge, Texas, U.S. (en)
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- "The racial or ethnic end of it was not immediately apparent to me. I think many people first get involved in racial politics, and then later decide that maybe Odinism or Asatrú attracts them. With me, it was quite the reverse as I was attracted to the religion first, simply for its own value, and it was only later, that I began to realize that there's an inherent connection between one's ethnicity and the religion that they follow." (en)
- "What makes metagenetics so difficult for many to accept is its base assumption: the tradition is a matter of genetic inheritance, and it is for this reason that the compulsion to reawaken the Northern Way has come upon some but not others. Put another way, the reason that the gods choose to act through individuals of a particular national and racial stock is that the religious heritage that the gods personify never died, but rather has been handed down from generation to generation—albeit in a dormant state—until a time that the gods deem propitious for the rebirth of the Norse/Germanic tradition." (en)
- "For years I had been a member of a group called the European American Issues Forum. The president of the organization resigned for health reasons, and I ended up filling his shoes. The EAIF was a great idea—a genuine, non-racist civil rights group for Americans of European descent—but in practice it was unworkable. The basic premise was simple: the social and political system could be made to respond to the needs of European-Americans just as it had responded to the demands of other racial groups. It took me a while to realize that no amount of letter writing or protesting was going to win any concessions from our opponents until there was a massive change in consciousness." (en)
- "One of the hardest-learned lessons from the old AFA ... was this: the time has not come for widespread public acceptance of Ásatrú. At one point we exposed a million or so readers to our beliefs in a newspaper article that was published coast-to-coast ... Nevertheless, we received exactly two inquiries as a result ... We must be content, for now, to grow slowly. We must seek quality rather than quantity." (en)
- "The spiritual descendants of the Aztecs are looking northward, coveting land which, they have convinced themselves, should be theirs–and, perhaps quite unconsciously, they are moving to conquer it by mass immigration, by language, by cultural influence. A dangerous few want to conquer it by force of arms. But then, they haven't reckoned with Odin and Thor, and Frey and Freya, or the other mighty powers of Asgard and Vanaheim! Nor have they figured, in their calculus of conflict, on the spiritual will of those who follow them." (en)
- "[McNallen's] vision all along has been that Asatru is the natural and native religion for the average American of North European ancestry: it expresses the authentic ethnic or folk identity of white Americans... McNallen's basic argument in "Metagenetics" is simple: a people's group religious and cultural experience over thousands of years becomes encoded into their DNA. Not only physical characteristics but information usually considered cultural, such as religion, is stored in the organic database of the genetic code." (en)
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- — Jefferson F. Calico. (en)
- — Scholar of religious studies Jeffrey Kaplan. (en)
- — Stephen McNallen, 2004. (en)
- — Stephen McNallen. (en)
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- 1997 (xsd:integer)
- (en)
- Sheila Edlund (en)
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- Stephen A. McNallen (nacido el 15 de octubre de 1948) es un influyente líder y escritor neopagano. Nació el 15 de octubre de 1948 en Breckenridge, Texas, McNallen ha estado involucrado en el movimiento Ásatrú desde la década de los 70. (es)
- Stephen McNallen (Breckenridge, 15 ottobre 1948) è un esoterista statunitense. Influente membro del neopaganesimo germanico e scrittore, negli anni '70 svolse un ruolo decisivo nella formazione dell'Odinismo. (it)
- Stephen Anthony McNallen (born October 15, 1948) is an American proponent of Heathenry, a modern Pagan new religious movement, and a white nationalist activist. He founded the Asatru Folk Assembly (AFA), which he led from 1994 until 2016, having previously been the founder of the Viking Brotherhood and the Asatrú Free Assembly. (en)
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- Stephen McNallen (es)
- Stephen McNallen (it)
- Stephen McNallen (en)
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