해라체

Korean

Etymology

From 해라 (haera, formal, non-polite imperative of 하다 (hada, “to do”)) +‎ 체(體) (che, “style”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈhɛ(ː)ɾa̠t͡ɕʰe̞] ~ [ˈhe̞(ː)ɾa̠t͡ɕʰe̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [해(ː)라체/헤(ː)라체]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	haerache
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	haelache
McCune–Reischauer?	haerach'e
Yale Romanization?	hāyla.chey

Noun

해라체 • (haerache)

1. (grammar, linguistics) The formal, non-polite speech level in Korean.

Usage notes

해라체 (haerache) is a speech level used to younger or lower-rank people. It is also used almost universally in books, newspapers, and magazines; also used in reported speech ("She said that...").

Korean words inflected in this speech level are commonly characterized by the ending 다 (-da) in declarative statements, 냐 (-nya) or 니 (-ni) in questions, 어라 (-eora) in the imperative, and 자 (-ja) in the propositive. E.g.:

• 한다 (handa): "does"
• 하냐/하니 (hanya/hani): "does?"
• 해라 (haera): "do" (command)
• 하자 (haja): "let's do!"

Descendants

• → Jeju: ᄒᆞ라체 (hawrache) (calque)

See also

(해라체 endings)

• ㄴ다 (-nda)
• 거니 (-geoni)
• 구나 (-guna)
• 냐 (-nya)
• 느냐 (-neunya)
• 느니 (-neuni)
• 는구나 (-neun'guna)
• 는다 (-neunda)
• 니 (-ni)
• 다 (-da)
• 더라 (-deora)
• 도록 (-dorok)
• 라 (-ra)
• 리라 (-rira)
• 마 (-ma)
• 어라 (-eora)
• 으냐 (-eunya)
• 으니 (-euni)
• 으라 (-eura)
• 으리라 (-eurira)
• 으마 (-euma)
• 자 (-ja)

 

(Other speech levels)

• 하소서체 (hasoseoche)
• 하십시오체 (hasipsioche)
• 해요체 (haeyoche)
• 하오체 (haoche)
• 하게체 (hageche)
• 해체 (haeche)