kopati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kopati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kǒpati/
• Hyphenation: ko‧pa‧ti

Verb

kòpati impf (Cyrillic spelling ко̀пати)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to dig

Conjugation

Conjugation of kopati

Infinitive: kopati		Present verbal adverb: kòpajūći		Past verbal adverb: —		Verbal noun: kòpānje
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ja	ti	on / ona / ono	mi	vi	oni / one / ona
Present		kopam	kopaš	kopa	kopamo	kopate	kopaju
Future	Future I	kopat ću1 kopaću	kopat ćeš1 kopaćeš	kopat će1 kopaće	kopat ćemo1 kopaćemo	kopat ćete1 kopaćete	kopat će1 kopaće
	Future II	bȕdēm kopao2	bȕdēš kopao2	bȕdē kopao2	bȕdēmo kopali2	bȕdēte kopali2	bȕdū kopali2
Past	Perfect	kopao sam2	kopao si2	kopao je2	kopali smo2	kopali ste2	kopali su2
	Pluperfect3	bȉo sam kopao2	bȉo si kopao2	bȉo je kopao2	bíli smo kopali2	bíli ste kopali2	bíli su kopali2
	Imperfect	kopah	kopaše	kopaše	kopasmo	kopaste	kopahu
Conditional I		kopao bih2	kopao bi2	kopao bi2	kopali bismo2	kopali biste2	kopali bi2
Conditional II4		bȉo bih kopao2	bȉo bi kopao2	bȉo bi kopao2	bíli bismo kopali2	bíli biste kopali2	bíli bi kopali2
Imperative		—	kopaj	—	kopajmo	kopajte	—
Active past participle		kopao m / kopala f / kopalo n			kopali m / kopale f / kopala n
Passive past participle		kopan m / kopana f / kopano n			kopani m / kopane f / kopana n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.   *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

• iskòpati
• nakòpati
• okòpati
• opkòpati
• otkòpati
• pokòpati
• potkòpati
• prekòpati
• prokòpati
• raskòpati
• ukòpati
• zakòpati

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *kǫpati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kòːpati/, /kɔpàːti/

Verb

kọ́pati or kopáti impf

1. (transitive) to bathe

Inflection

-ati -am or -Cati -Cjem
infinitive	kọ́pati, kopáti
1st singular	kọ́pam, kọ́pljem
infinitive	kọ́pati, kopáti			kọ́pat
supine	kọ́pat
verbal noun	kọ́panje, kopȃnje
	participle			converb
present	kopajọ̄č			kopȃje
past	kọ́pan			—
l-participle	masculine		feminine		neuter
singular	kọ́pał		kopȃla		kopálo
dual	kopála		kopáli		kopáli
plural	kopáli		kopále		kopála
	present			imperative
1st singular	kọ́pam, kọ́pljem			—
2nd singular	kọ́paš, kọ́plješ			kọ́paj, kọ́plji
3rd singular	kọ́pa, kọ́plje			—
1st dual	kọ́pava, kọ́pljeva			kọ́pajva, kopȃjva, kọ́pljiva, kopljȋva
2nd dual	kọ́pata, kọ́pljeta			kọ́pajta, kopȃjta, kọ́pljita, kopljȋta
3rd dual	kọ́pata, kọ́pljeta			—
1st plural	kọ́pamo, kọ́pljemo			kọ́pajmo, kopȃjmo, kọ́pljimo, kopljȋmo
2nd plural	kọ́pate, kọ́pljete			kọ́pajte, kopȃjte, kọ́pljite, kopljȋte
3rd plural	kọ́pajo, kọ́pljejo			—

Derived terms

• okọ́pati
• skọ́pati

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *kopati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔpàːti/

Verb

kopáti impf

1. to dig

Inflection

-Cati -Cjem or -ati -am
infinitive	kopáti
1st singular	kọ́pljem, kopȃm
infinitive	kopáti			kópat
supine	kópat
verbal noun	kopȃnje
	participle			converb
present	kopajọ̄č			kopȃje
past	kopán			—
l-participle	masculine		feminine		neuter
singular	kópał		kopȃla		kopálo
dual	kopála		kopáli		kopáli
plural	kopáli		kopále		kopála
	present			imperative
1st singular	kọ́pljem, kopȃm			—
2nd singular	kọ́plješ, kopȃš			kóplji, kópaj
3rd singular	kọ́plje, kopȃ			—
1st dual	kọ́pljeva, kopȃva			kopljȋva, kopȃjva
2nd dual	kọ́pljeta, kopȃta			kopljȋta, kopȃjta
3rd dual	kọ́pljeta, kopȃta			—
1st plural	kọ́pljemo, kopȃmo			kopljȋmo, kopȃjmo
2nd plural	kọ́pljete, kopȃte			kopljȋte, kopȃjte
3rd plural	kọ́pljejo, kopȃjo			—

Derived terms

• izkopáti
• okopáti
• pokopáti
• prekopáti
• razkopáti
• skopáti
• zakopáti

Further reading

• “kopati”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024