베시 스미스
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베시 스미스(Bessie Smith, 1894년 4월 15일 ~ 1937년 9월 26일)는 재즈 시대에 널리 알려진 미국의 블루스 가수이다. 별명은 Empress of the Blues였으며 1930년대와 1950년대의 가장 대중적인 여성 블루스 가수였다. 그녀의 시대에서 가장 위대한 가수들 가운데 한 명으로 인식되곤 하며 동료 블루스 가수들과 재즈 보컬리스트에 큰 영향을 미쳤다.[1]
미국 테네시주 채터누가에서 태어난 스미스는 어려서 부모를 일찍 여의고 그녀와 형제자매는 거리 모서리에서 공연을 함으로써 생계를 이어나갔다. 마 레이니가 소속된 단체에서 투어와 공연을 시작했으며 이후 그녀 자신만의 길을 걸어나갔다. 콜럼비아 레코드와의 성공적인 레코딩 경력이 1920년대에 시작되었으나 자동차 사고로 인해 43세 나이로 사망했다.
히트 레코드
[편집]1936년까지 미국에서 공식적인 레코드 차트는 존재하지 않는다.
| 연도 | 싱글 | 미국 팝[2][nb 1] |
|---|---|---|
| 1923 | "Downhearted Blues" | 1 |
| "Gulf Coast Blues" | 5 | |
| "Aggravatin' Papa" | 12 | |
| "Baby Won't You Please Come Home" | 6 | |
| "T'ain't Nobody's Biz-Ness if I Do" | 9 | |
| 1925 | "The St. Louis Blues" | 3 |
| "Careless Love Blues" | 5 | |
| "I Ain't Gonna Play No Second Fiddle" | 8 | |
| 1926 | "I Ain't Got Nobody" | 8 |
| "Lost Your Head Blues" | 5 | |
| 1927 | "After You've Gone" | 7 |
| "Alexander's Ragtime Band" | 17 | |
| 1928 | "A Good Man Is Hard to Find" | 13 |
| "Empty Bed Blues" | 20 | |
| 1929 | "Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out" | 15 |
78 RPM Singles — Columbia Records
| A-3844 | "Gulf Coast Blues" | 1923-02-16 |
| A-3844 | "Down Hearted Blues" | 1923-02-16 |
| A-3877 | "Aggravatin' Papa" | 1923-04-11 |
| A-3877 | "Beale Street Mama" | 1923-04-11 |
| A-3888 | "Baby Won't You Please Come Home" | 1923-04-11 |
| A-3888 | "Oh Daddy Blues" | 1923-04-11 |
| A-3898 | "Keeps on A Rainin All Time" | 1923-02-16 |
| A-3898 | "Tain't Nobody's Bizness if I Do" | 1923-04-26 |
| A-3900 | "Outside of That" | 1923-04-30 |
| A-3900 | "Mama's Got the Blues" | 1923-04-30 |
| A-3936 | "Bleeding Hearted Blues" | 1923-06-14 |
| A-3936 | "Midnight Blues" | 1923-06-15 |
| A-3939 | "Yodeling Blues" | 1923-06-14 |
| A-3939 | "Lady Luck Blues" | 1923-06-14 |
| A-3942 | "If You Don't, I Know Who Will" | 1923-06-21 |
| A-3942 | "Nobody in Town Can Bake a Jelly Roll Like My Man" | 1923-06-22 |
| A-4001 | "Jail House Blues" | 1923-09-21 |
| A-4001 | "Graveyard Dream Blues" | 1923-09-26 |
| 13000 D | "Whoa, Tillie, Take Your Time" | 1923-10-24 |
| 13000 D | "My Sweetie Went Away" | 1923-10-24 |
| 13001 D | "Cemetery Blues" | 1923-09-26 |
| 13001 D | "Any Woman's Blues" | 1923-10-16 |
| 13005 D | "St Louis Gal" | 1923-09-24 |
| 13005 D | "Sam Jones' Blues" | 1923-09-24 |
| 13007 D | "I'm Going Back to My Used to Be" | 1923-10-04 |
| 13007 D | "Far Away Blues" | 1923-10-04 |
| 14000 D | "Mistreatin' Daddy" | 1923-12-04 |
| 14000 D | "Chicago Bound Blues" | 1923-12-04 |
| 14005 D | "Frosty Mornin' Blues" | 1924-01-08 |
| 14005 D | "Easy Come Easy Go Blues" | 1924-01-10 |
| 14010 D | "Eavesdropper Blues" | 1924-01-09 |
| 14010 D | "Haunted House Blues" | 1924-01-09 |
| 14018 D | "Boweavil Blues" | 1924-04-07 |
| 14018 D | "Moonshine Blues" | 1924-04-09 |
| 14020 D | "Sorrowful Blues" | 1924-04-04 |
| 14020 D | "Rocking Chair Blues" | 1924-04-04 |
| 14023 D | "Frankie Blues" | 1924-04-08 |
| 14023 D | "Hateful Blues" | 1924-04-08 |
| 14025 D | "Pinchbacks, Take 'em Away" | 1924-04-04 |
| 14025 D | "Ticket Agent Easy Your Window Down" | 1924-04-05 |
| 14031 D | "Louisiana Low Down Blues" | 1924-07-22 |
| 14031 D | "Mountain Top Blues" | 1924-07-22 |
| 14032 D | "House Rent Blues" | 1924-07-23 |
| 14032 D | "Work House Blues" | 1924-07-23 |
| 14037 D | "Rainy Weather Blues" | 1924-08-08 |
| 14037 D | "Salt Water Blues" | 1924-07-31 |
| 14042 D | "Bye Bye Blues" | 1924-09-26 |
| 14042 D | "Weeping Willow Blues" | 1924-09-26 |
| 14051 D | "Dying Gambler's Blues" | 1924-12-06 |
| 14051 D | "Sing Sing Prison Blues" | 1924-12-06 |
| 14052 D | "Follow the Deal on Down" | 1924-12-04 |
| 14052 D | "Sinful Blues" | 1924-11-11 |
| 14056 D | "Reckless Blues" | 1925-01-14 |
| 14056 D | "Sobbin' Hearted Blues" | 1925-01-14 |
| 14060 D | "Love Me Daddy Blues" | 1924-12-12 |
| 14060 D | "Woman's Trouble Blues" | 1924-12-12 |
| 14064 D | "Cold in Hand Blues" | 1925-01-14 |
| 14064 D | "St Louis Blues" | 1925-01-14 |
| 14075 D | "Yellow Dog Blues" | 1925-05-06 |
| 14075 D | "Soft Pedal Blues" | 1925-05-14 |
| 14079 D | "Dixie Flyer Blues" | 1925-05-15 |
| 14079 D | "You've Been a Good Ole Wagon" | 1925-01-14 |
| 14083 D | "Careless Love" | 1925-05-26 |
| 14083 D | "He's Gone Blues" | 1925-06-23 |
| 14090 D | "I Ain't Goin' to Play No Second Fiddle" | 1925-05-27 |
| 14090 D | "Nashville Women's Blues" | 1925-05-27 |
| 14095 D | "I Ain't Got Nobody" | 1925-08-19 |
| 14095 D | "J.C.Holmes Blues" | 1925-05-27 |
| 14098 D | "My Man Blues" | 1925-09-01 |
| 14098 D | "Nobody's Blues but Mine" | 1925-08-19 |
| 14109 D | "Florida Bound Blues" | 1925-11-17 |
| 14109 D | "New Gulf Coast Blues" | 1925-11-17 |
| 14115 D | "I've Been Mistreated and I Don't Like It" | 1925-11-18 |
| 14115 D | "Red Mountain Blues" | 1925-11-20 |
| 14123 D | "Lonesome Desert Blues" | 1925-12-09 |
| 14123 D | "Golden Rule Blues" | 1925-11-20 |
| 14129 D | "What's the Matter Now?" | 1926-03-05 |
| 14129 D | "I Want Every Bit of It" | 1926-03-05 |
| 14133 D | "Jazzbo Brown from Memphis Town" | 1926-03-18 |
| 14133 D | "Squeeze Me" | 1926-03-05 |
| 14137 D | "Hard Driving Papa" | 1926-05-40 |
| 14137 D | "Money Blues" | 1926-05-04 |
| 14147 D | "Baby Doll" | 1926-05-04 |
| 14147 D | "Them Has Been Blues" | 1926-03-05 |
| 14158 D | "Lost Your Head Blues" | 1926-05-04 |
| 14158 D | "Gin House Blues" | 1926-03-18 |
| 14172 D | "One and Two Blues" | 1926-10-26 |
| 14172 D | "Honey Man Blues" | 1926-10-25 |
| 14179 D | "Hard Time Blues" | 1926-10-25 |
| 14179 D | "Young Woman's Blues" | 1926-10-26 |
| 14195 D | "Back Water Blues" | 1927-02-17 |
| 14195 D | "Preachin' the Blues" | 1927-02-17 |
| 14197 D | "Muddy Water" | 1927-03-02 |
| 14197 D | "After You've Gone" | 1927-03-02 |
| 14209 D | "Send Me to the 'Lectric Chair" | 1927-03-03 |
| 14209 D | "Them's Graveyard Words" | 1927-03-03 |
| 14219 D | "There'll Be a Hot Time in Old Town Tonight" | 1927-03-02 |
| 14219 D | "Alexander's Ragtime Band" | 1927-03-02 |
| 14232 D | "Trombone Cholly" | 1927-03-03 |
| 14232 D | "Lock and Key Blues" | 1927-04-01 |
| 14250 D | "A Good Man Is Hard to Find" | 1927-09-27 |
| 14250 D | "Mean Old Bed Bug Blues" | 1927-09-27 |
| 14260 D | "Sweet Mistreater" | 1927-04-01 |
| 14260 D | "Homeless Blues" | 1927-09-28 |
| 14273 D | "Dyin' by The Hour" | 1927-10-27 |
| 14273 D | "Foolish Man Blues" | 1927-10-27 |
| 14292 D | "I Used to Be Your Sweet Mama" | 1928-02-09 |
| 14292 D | "Thinking Blues" | 1928-02-09 |
| 14304 D | "I'd Rather be Dead and Buried in my Grave" | 1928-06-16 |
| 14304 D | "Pickpocket Blues" | 1928-02-09 |
| 14312 D | "Empty Bed Blues Pt1" | 1928-03-20 |
| 14312 D | "Empty Bed Blues Pt2" | 1928-03-20 |
| 14324 D | "Put It Right Here" | 1928-03-20 |
| 14324 D | "Spider Man Blues" | 1928-03-19 |
| 14338 D | "It Won't Be You" | 1928-02-12 |
| 14338 D | "Standin' in The Rain Blues" | 1928-02-12 |
| 14354 D | "Devil's Gonna Git You" | 1928-08-24 |
| 14354 D | "Yes Indeed He Do" | 1928-08-24 |
| 14375 D | "Washwoman's Blues" | 1928-08-24 |
| 14375 D | "Please Help Me Get Him Off My Mind" | 1928-08-24 |
| 14384 D | "Me and My Gin" | 1928-08-25 |
| 14384 D | "Slow and Easy Man" | 1928-08-24 |
| 14399 D | "Poor Man's Blues" | 1928-08-24 |
| 14399 D | "You Ought to be Ashamed" | 1928-08-24 |
| 14427 D | "You've Got to Give Me Some" | 1929-05-08 |
| 14427 D | "I'm Wild About that Thing" | 1929-05-08 |
| 14435 D | "My Kitchen Man" | 1929-05-08 |
| 14435 D | "I've Got What It Takes" | 1929-05-15 |
| 14451 D | "Nobody Knows You When You're Down and Out" | 1929-05-15 |
| 14451 D | "Take It Right Back" | 1929-07-25 |
| 14464 D | "It Makes My Love Come Down" | 1929-08-20 |
| 14464 D | "He's Got Me Goin'" | 1929-08-20 |
| 14476 D | "Dirty No Gooder's Blues" | 1929-10-01 |
| 14476 D | "Wasted Life Blues" | 1929-10-01 |
| 14487 D | "Don't Cry Baby" | 1929-10-11 |
| 14487 D | "You Don't Understand" | 1929-10-11 |
| 14516 D | "New Orleans Hop Scop Blues" | 1930-03-27 |
| 14516 D | "Keep It to Yourself" | 1930-03-27 |
| 14527 D | "Blue Spirit Blues" | 1929-10-11 |
| 14527 D | "Worn out Papa Blues" | 1929-10-11 |
| 14538 D | "Moan Mourners" | 1930-06-09 |
| 14538 D | "On Revival Day" | 1930-06-09 |
| 14554 D | "Hustlin' Dan" | 1930-07-22 |
| 14554 D | "Black Mountain Blues" | 1930-07-22 |
| 14569 D | "Hot Springs Blues" | 1927-03-03 |
| 14569 D | "Lookin' for My Man Blues" | 1927-09-28 |
| 14611 D | "In the House Blues" | 1931-06-11 |
| 14611 D | "Blue Blues" | 1931-06-11 |
| 14634 D | "Safety Mama" | 1931-11-20 |
| 14634 D | "Need a Little Sugar in My Bowl" | 1931-11-20 |
| 14663 D | "Long Old Road" | 1931-06-11 |
| 14663 D | "Shipwreck Blues" | 1931-06-11 |
78 RPM Singles — Okeh Records
| 8945 | "I'm Down in the Dumps" | 1933-11-24 |
| 8945 | "Do Your Duty" | 1933-11-24 |
| 8949 | "Take Me for a Buggy Ride" | 1933-11-24 |
| 8949 | "Gimme a Pigfoot (and a Bottle of Beer)" | 1933-11-24 |
각주
[편집]- ↑ “Bessie Smith: Controversy”. SparkNotes. 1937년 10월 4일. 2015년 8월 30일에 확인함.
- ↑ Whitburn, Joel (1986). 《Pop Memories: 1890–1954》. Record Research. ISBN 9780898200836.
- ↑ “Joel Whitburn Criticism: Chart Fabrication, Misrepresentation of Sources, Cherry Picking”. 《Songbook》. 2013년 3월 3일. 2015년 7월 15일에 확인함.
- 내용주
- ↑ Joel Whitburn's methodology for creating pre-1940s chart positions has been criticized,[3] and those listed here should not be taken as definitive.
외부 링크
[편집]
| 베시 스미스 관련 도서관 자료 |
| 베시 스미스 저 |
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