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위키프로젝트:음반/출처

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The following list consists of recommended sources for expanding album articles that primarily or exclusively cover musical topics. This list is also merely a collection of suggestions, and other good sources may exist. Many of these sources include reviews or links to reviews that can be used to source critical reception sections in album articles, and to add ratings to the {{Album ratings}} template. This list is not exhaustive: Additional websites and print sources may also be used, provided they meet the criteria at Wikipedia:Reliable sources and WP:MOSALBUM#Critical reception. Specifically, reviews should be written by professional music journalists or DJs, or found within any online or print publication having a (paid or volunteer) editorial and writing staff (which excludes personal blogs), and must be from a source that is independent of the artist, record company, etc.

Note: While help in expanding this list is quite welcome, please don't add any items to the list before discussing it first on the talk page. Take a look into the project archives for examples of how it has been done in the past. For example here, here, or here.

온라인 및 출판

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잡지 주로 다루는 장르 평가제 국가 웹사이트 지난 호
가디언 모든 장르 5별점제: 3.5/별 영국 guardian.co.uk/music [8]
그라모폰 클래식 정해진 등급 없음 영국 gramophone.co.uk [9]
나우 모든 장르 5-"N"점제 캐나다 nowtoronto.com/music [10]
뉴욕 타임스 모든 장르 정해진 등급 없음 미국 nytimes.com/pages/arts/music/index.html [11]
다운 비트 재즈, 블루스, 알앤비 5별점제: 3.5/별, 온라인 리뷰에는 점수 형태 없음 미국 downbeat.com
The A.V. Club 대중 음악 문자 등급제: B +/- 미국 avclub.com
The Fader 대중 음악, 포크, 익스페리멘탈 정해진 등급 없음 미국 thefader.com [12]
데시벨 헤비메탈 10별점제: 8.5/별 미국 decibelmagazine.com [13]
데일리 텔레그래프 모든 장르 5별점제: 3.5/별 미국 telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/
Limelight 클래식, 재즈, 팝 5별점제: 3.5/별 오스트레일리아 limelightmagazine.com.au [14]
라우드 앤 콰이어트 대중 음악 10점수제: 7/10 또는 정해진 등급 없음 영국 loudandquiet.com [15]
라틴 비트 매거진 라틴 정해진 등급 없음 미국 latinbeatmagazine.com 기타: 여러 언어로된 출처 [16]
Rap-Up 어반, 대중 음악 점수제 형태 없음 영국 rap-up.com
Record Collector 모든 장르 5별점제: 3.5/별 영국 recordcollectormag.com [17]
Robert Christgau 록, 대중 음악 C+, (2-star Honorable Mention), (dud) 미국 robertchristgau.com
로스앤젤레스 타임스 모든 장르 4별점제: 3/별 미국 latimes.com/entertainment/news/music/
록 사운드 락 10점수제: 7/10 영국 rocksound.tv [18]
록 하드 헤비메탈 10점수제: 7.5/10 독일 rockhard.de 기타:독일어 출처 [19]
롤링 스톤 락, 대중 음악 5별점제: 3.5/별 영국 rollingstone.com [20]
리빙 블루스 블루스 정해진 등급 없음 미국 livingblues.com [21]
리볼버 헤비메탈 5점수제: 3/5 미국 revolvermag.com [22]
Respect. 힙합 점수제 형태 없음 미국 respect-mag.com
마그넷 록 10별점제: 7.5/별 미국 magnetmagazine.com [23]
메탈 포커스 헤비메탈 10점수제: 7/10 영국 www.metalforcesmagazine.com [24]
메탈 해머 헤비메탈 10점수제: 7/10 영국 metalhammer.co.uk [25]
모조 록, 대중 음악 5별점제: 3.5/별 영국 mojo4music.com [26]
Mixmag EDM, 신스팝 5 헤드폰 점수제 영국 mixmag.net [27]
보스턴 글로브 대중 음악 정해진 등급 없음 미국 bostonglobe.com
블러트 대중 음악 5별점제: 3.5/별 미국 blurtmagazine.com
블렌더 대중 음악 5별점제: 3.5/별 미국 blender.com [28]
Bluegrass Unlimited 블루그래스, 옛 음악 정해진 등급 없음 미국 bluegrassmusic.com/content/
BBC 뮤직 매거진 클래식, 재즈, 월드 5별점제: 3/별 미국 classical-music.com [29]
빌보드 대중 음악 정해진 등급 없음 미국 billboard.com
아메리칸 송라이터 싱어송라이터 5별점제: 3.5/별 미국 americansongwriter.com
Under the Radar 인디 음악 10-star scale: 7.5/별 미국 undertheradarmag.com [30]
Uncut 대중음악 Older: 5-star scale: 3.5/별
Newer: 10-point scale: 7/10 		영국 uncut.co.uk/music
얼터너티브 프레스 록 5별점제: 3.5/별 미국 altpress.com [31]
Exclaim! 모든 장르 10점수제: 7/10 또는 평가 형태 없음 캐나다 exclaim.ca
XXL 힙합 System based on clothing sizes; scale of small ("S") to extra-extra large ("XXL") 미국 xxlmag.com
엔터테인먼트 위클리 모든 장르 문자 등급제: B +/- 미국 ew.com/ew/music/
오페라 오페라 정해진 등급 없음 영국 opera.co.uk [32]
오페라 뉴스 오페라 정해진 등급 없음 미국 operanews.com [33]
오페라 캐나다 오페라 캐나다 operacanada.ca [34] (digital)
워싱턴 포스트 대중음악 정해진 등급 없음 미국 washingtonpost.com/goingoutguide/music
URB 일렉트로닉, 어반 스타일 정해진 등급 없음 영국 urb.com
USA Today 모든 장르 4별점제: 3/별 미국 usatoday.com/life/music/
인디펜던트 모든 장르 5별점제: 3.5/별 영국 independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/
CCM 매거진 종교음악 - CCM, 가스펠, 록, 헤비메탈, 힙합, 어반 5별점제: 3/별, 이전에는 문자 등급제: B +/- US ccmmagazine.com [35]
차트어택 록, 얼터너티브, 인디 점수제 없음 캐나다 chartattack.com
시카고 트리뷴 모든 장르 4별점제: 3/별 미국 chicagotribune.com/entertainment/music/
CMJ 대중 음악 정해진 등급 없음 미국 cmj.com
이즘 모든 장르 5별점제: 3.5/별 대한민국 www.izm.co.kr
팩트 대중 음악 5 음반모양 영국 factmag.com
필터 대중 음악 100퍼센트제: 75% 미국 filtermagazine.com [36]
더 플라이 대중 음악 5별점제: 3.5/별 영국 mamacolive.com/thefly/ [37]
Hip Hop Connection 힙합 5점수제: 4/5 영국
HM 종교 록, 헤비메탈 5별점제: 3.5/별, 몇몇 옛 리뷰는 10점제, 평가 형태 없음 미국 hmmagazine.com [38]
허핑턴 포스트 대중 음악 정해진 등급 없음 미국 huffingtonpost.com/news/music/
재즈 저널 재즈 5별점제: 3/별 영국 jazzjournal.co.uk
재즈타임스 재즈 정해진 등급 없음 미국 jazztimes.com [39]
주스 록, 헤비메탈, 스터프 앤 스케이트 음악 정해진 등급 없음 미국 juicemagazine.com/home/category/music-2/
크리스처니티투데이 종교음악 - 모든 장르 5별점제: 3.5/별 미국 christianitytoday.com/ct/music/ [40]
Classical Recordings Quarterly 클래식 정해진 등급 없음 미국 crq.org.uk/index.php [41]
콤플렉스 힙합, 알앤비, 팝, 일렉트로닉, 록 정해진 등급 없음 미국 complex.com/music/
컨트리 위클리 컨트리 2003년부터 2012년까지 문자 등급제, 이후 5별점제 미국 countryweekly.com [42]
Crawdaddy! 록 정해진 등급 없음 미국 pastemagazine.com/blogs/crawdaddy/
Kerrang! 록, 헤비메탈 5-"K"점제 영국 kerrang.com
LA 위클리 대중 음악 정해진 등급 없음 미국 www.laweekly.com/music/
NME 록, 대중 음악 10점수제: 7/10 영국 nme.com [43] (digital)
패스트 록 10점수제: 7.6/10 미국 pastemagazine.com [44]
Q 대중 음악 5별점제: 3.5/별 영국 qthemusic.com
The Skinny 모든 장르 5별점제 : 3.5/별 영국 theskinny.co.uk/music/ [45]
Sonic Seducer Dark culture 10점 만점제 or 정해진 등급 없음 독일 sonic-seducer.de Note: German language source [46]
The Source 힙합 마이크 5개 만점 제도 미국 thesource.com
Spin 락, 힙합, 얼테네이티브 10-point scale: 7/10 미국 spin.com Is no longer run in a print version [47]
This Is Fake DIY 대중 음악, 인디 음악 10-point scale: 7/10 영국 thisisfakediy.co.uk [48]
Triple J 대중음악 정해진 등급 없음 오스트레일리아 abc.net.au/triplej/default.htm
Vibe 알앤비, 힙합 5-star scale: 3.5/별 미국 vibe.com
The Wire 전위 예술(Avant-garde), 모던 클래식, 재즈, 힙합, 일렉트로닉 정해진 등급 없음 영국 thewire.co.uk

Online only

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Publication Primary focus Rating system Country Website Notes
AbsolutePunk Rock, alternative, indie Percentage scale: 93% US absolutepunk.net
AllHipHop Hip hop 10-point scale: 7/10 US allhiphop.com
All About Jazz Jazz, blues No formal scale US allaboutjazz.com
AllMusic All genres 5-star scale: 3.5/별 US allmusic.com Do not indicate the "Album Pick" designation, do not use genre sidebar, do not include reviews that include only a star review and no text review
Alternative Addiction Rock, independent, underground 5-star scale: 3.5/별 US alternativeaddiction.com
BBC Music All genres No formal scale UK bbc.co.uk/music Do not use mirrors of Wikipedia
Blabbermouth.net Hard rock, heavy metal 10-point scale: 7.5/10 US blabbermouth.net News items should not be used for BLP statements, and if another source can be found for information given, use that source instead. Reviews are acceptable for use in all articles.
The BoomBox Hip hop, R&B No formal scale US theboombox.com
Canoe.ca All genres 5-star scale: 3.5/별 Canada jam.canoe.ca Portal for Sun Media newspapers in Canada
Classical Net Classical No formal scale US classical.net
Consequence of Sound Popular music 5-star scale: 3.5/별 US consequenceofsound.net
Country Standard Time Country No formal scale US countrystandardtime.com Originally a print magazine from 1995-2009; site does not include all reviews from the magazine's history, so print copies may also be cited
DJBooth Hip hop 5-star scale: 3.5/별 (Converted from headphones) US djbooth.net
Drowned in Sound Rock, independent 10-point scale: 7/10 UK drownedinsound.com Only use staff reviews
ExploreMusic All genres No formal rating system Canada exploremusic.com
HipHopDX Hip hop 5-star scale: 3.5/별 (Converted from X's) US hiphopdx.com
Jesus Freak Hideout Christian - popular music 5-star scale: 3.5/별 US jesusfreakhideout.com/default.aspx Avoid user reviews (distinguished as yellow stars instead of red)
The Line of Best Fit Popular music 10-star scale: 7.5/별 UK thelineofbestfit.com
Melodic Rock, independent 5-star scale: 3.5/별 Sweden melodic.net
Metal Storm Heavy metal 10-point scale: 7.6/10.0 or

no formal scale

Estonia metalstorm.net/pub/reviews.php Do not use guest reviews, recognizable by a tag, or staff reviews from before 2009
MTV Popular music No formal rating system US mtv.com
MusicOMH All genres 5-star scale: 3.5/별 or no formal scale UK musicomh.com
Noisecreep Hard rock, heavy metal No formal rating system US noisecreep.com
NPR Music All genres No formal scale US npr.org/music/
No Ripcord Popular music 10-point scale: 7.5/10 UK noripcord.com
Nothing But Hope And Passion Popular music No formal scale Germany nbhap.com
Pitchfork Media Popular music, independent 10-point scale: 7.6/10.0 US pitchfork.com
PopMatters Popular music 10-point scale: 7/10 International popmatters.com No formal rating for reviews published before 2005
Punknews.org Punk, heavy metal, independent 5-star scale: 3.5/별 US punknews.org Use staff reviews only, recognizable by a tag
RapReviews.com Hip hop 10 point scale: 6/10 US rapreviews.com
Roughstock Country 5-star scale: 3.5/별; no formal scale on older reviews US roughstock.com
Slant Magazine Popular music 5-star scale: 3.5/별 US slantmagazine.com/music
Spinner Rock No formal rating system US spinner.com
Sputnikmusic All genres 5-point scale: 3.5/5 US sputnikmusic.com Use staff and emeritus reviews only, recognizable by tag
Stylus Magazine Popular music Letter grade: B +/- US stylusmagazine.com
Taste of Country Country 5-star scale 3.5/별; some old reviews use 10-point scale (7.5/10) US tasteofcountry.com
VH1 Popular music No formal rating system US vh1.com

Aggregates

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Metacritic can be used to give an aggregate score of an album's reception. However, avoid citing the review excerpts listed below the aggregate score; Instead, seek out the reviews in full and cite them individually. {{Album ratings}} has a |MC= parameter that can be used to display the aggregate score for an album. When describing the score in prose, be sure to note that the score is an aggregate and how many reviews it is based on. For example:

전문가 평가
총 점수
출처점수
메타크리틱46/100[1]
평가 점수
출처점수

The Devil's Rain received mixed reviews from critics: At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album has received an average score of 46 out of 100, which indicates "mixed or average reviews," based on 11 reviews.[1]

  1. ↑ 가 나 “The Devil's Rain – Misfits”. Metacritic. 2012년 7월 3일에 확인함. 

Other sources

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A physical album's liner notes are generally a good place to find writing and production credits for a personnel section. Some records are also released with additional writing that may be helpful with an article's recording and/or composing section. The album notes can be properly sourced with the {{Cite album-notes}} template.

As long as the information being contributed is not overly promotional, unduly self-serving or biased, the artist or record label's website may be acceptable sources. These sites often provide detailed information about an artist's discography. However, since many band websites are recreated entirely upon the release of a new studio album, URL's or information may be moved or deleted, and articles are left with the phenomenon known as link rot. To avoid this, try to find a different source with the same information, or web archive of the original source. For assistance with web archiving, see Wikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine.

If the artist in question was subject to any form of recorded audio or video in the possible form of a television documentary or an informational DVD/VHS, this may be an acceptable source of information. To cite information from a source like this, use either {{cite video}} or {{cite episode}}, whichever is most applicable.

If an artist or recording act has existed for a significant period of time and/or has made a great impact on their scene or music in general, it's likely that someone has written a book on the topic. An easy way to search through books is with a quick Google Books search. Google Books will provide links of several possible locations to obtain a copy, and will sometimes provide select passages of the book for previewing. To cite a book as a source, use the {{cite books}} template.

Non-English reviews

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For more, see Wikipedia:Verifiability#Non-English sources

English-language reviews are preferred, as languages other than English are not understood by a large number of readers. However, if few reviews exist, reviews in languages other than English may be included, especially if the language is especially relevant to the album in question. Reviews in any language must meet the above guidelines, including Wikipedia:Reliable sources and WP:ALBUMS#Reception.

Christian music

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For sources pertaining primarily or specifically to Christian music of all genres, see Wikipedia:WikiProject Christian music/Sources.

Sources to avoid

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Websites with user-generated content should never be used as sources since they have little or no editorial oversight. This may include other general wiki-style sites such as Wikia and Fuse.tv, and album-related sites such as Discogs or Rate Your Music. This is also important to be cautious of on websites that publish user-submitted album reviews. For sites such as AbsolutePunk and Sputnikmusic, be sure to select only the staff-written reviews.

Self-published sources are generally unacceptable as references on Wikipedia. An artist's social networking site, such as Facebook or Twitter, in addition to personal blogs and forum posts, should largely be avoided. If the information being added from one of these websites is truly notable enough for inclusion, a publication will likely report about it.[1][2]

Online retailers such as iTunes and Amazon.com should also be avoided. It can be seen as inappropriate to directly link to a site where one can purchase the subject in question. Wikipedia's role should not be used to advance the sale of an album. Generally speaking, all of the information found on online retailers can be found at a number of other sites. Track listings, release dates, record label, album covers and track lengths can all be found at Allmusic. The content and reviews found on online retailers may also be biased in that these sources want you to buy their product.

Allmusic's genre sidebar should generally be avoided if better sources are available. Previous discussions at WP:ALBUMS and RSN have evinced that they can be incongruous with the reviewer's prose, which should take precedent over the sidebar (e.g. Allmusic's sidebar classifies Rhythm Killers as "reggae", while the reviewer observes "no reggae in sight").

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Reviews and ratings which only summarize other reviews and ratings should not be included either:

See also

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Footnotes

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  1. ↑ On December 11, 2010 Rise Against tweeted that they were almost finished recording their new album.[1] A day later, Alternative Press and PunkNews.org published this as news citing Rise Against's tweet as their source.[2][3]
  2. ↑ Following the death of their bassist, Paul Gray, heavy metal group Slipknot were unsure if they would continue as a band. A series of tweets from their lead singer Cory Taylor were posted about his feelings on the matter, and published shortly thereafter by Blabbermouth.net, Noisecreep, Gun Shy Assassin and Chart.[4][5][6][7]
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