fern: difference between revisions

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From {{inh|en|enm|fern}}, from {{inh|en|ang|fearn}}, from {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*farn}}, from {{inh|en|ine-pro|*pornóm||feather, wing; fern, leaf}}, from {{m|ine-pro|*p(t)erH-||fern}}.
From {{inh|en|enm|fern}}, from {{inh|en|ang|fearn}}, from {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*farn}}, from {{inh|en|ine-pro|*pornóm||feather, wing; fern, leaf}}, from {{m|ine-pro|*p(t)erH-||fern}}.


Cognate with {{cog|fy|fear}}, {{cog|nl|varen}}, {{cog|de|Farn}}, {{cog|lt|spar̃nas}}, {{cog|ae|𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀}}, {{cog|ask|pā́r}}, {{cog|bsh|pór}}, {{cog|sa|पर्ण|tr=parṇá}}.
Cognate with {{cog|fy|fear}}, {{cog|nl|varen}}, {{cog|de|Farn}}, {{cog|lt|spar̃nas}}, {{cog|ae|𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀}}, {{cog|ask|pār}}, {{cog|bsh|por}}, {{m|bsh|přor}}, {{cog|prn|parëg}}, {{cog|sa|पर्ण|tr=parṇá}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{a|RP}} {{IPA|en|/fɜːn/}}
* {{IPA|en|/fɜːn/|a=RP}}
* {{a|GA}} {{IPA|en|/fɝn/}}
* {{IPA|en|/fɝn/|a=GA,CA}}
** {{audio|en|en-us-fern.ogg|a=US}}
* {{a|AU}} {{IPA|en|/fɘːn/|[fɜːn]}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-fern.ogg|Audio (US)}}
* {{IPA|en|/fɜːn/|[fɘːn]|a=AU}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɜː(ɹ)n|s=1}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɜː(ɹ)n|s=1}}


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====Derived terms====
====Derived terms====
{{der4|en|[[adder's fern]] ({{taxfmt|Polypodium vulgare|species}}, {{taxfmt|Ophioglossum|genus}} spp.)|{{vern|air fern}} ([[hydrozoa]]n skeletons)|[[Alice's fern]] ({{taxlink|Lygodium palmatum|species}})|[[American climbing fern]] ({{taxlink|Lygodium palmatum|species}})|artillery fern|{{l|en|asparagus fern}} (in genus {{taxfmt|Asparagus|genus}})
{{der4|en|{{vern|air fern}} ([[hydrozoa]]n skeletons)|{{l|en|asparagus fern}} (in genus {{taxfmt|Asparagus|genus}})|{{vern|fern bush}} ({{taxlink|Chamaebatiaria millefolium|species}})|{{l|en|ferny}}|{{l|en|maidenhair fern}}|{{l|en|male fern}}|{{l|en|parsley fern}}|{{vern|sweetfern}} (in genus {{taxfmt|Comptonia|genus}})|{{l|en|tree fern}}|bamboo fern|Barnsley fern|bead fern|bladder fern|Boston fern|buckler fern|chain fern|Christmas fern|cinnamon fern|climbing maidenhair fern|evergreen wood fern|fern bar|fern house|fern pine|fern seed|fern-leaf|filmy fern|hard fern|hay-scented fern|ice fern|lady fern|leatherleaf fern|mosquito fern|netted chain fern|New York fern|northern lady fern|oak fern|ostrich fern|rabbit's-foot fern|rattlesnake fern|royal fern|seed fern|sensitive fern|shield fern|staghorn fern|sword fern|Tara fern|vegetable fern|Venus hair fern|walking fern|whisk fern|wig tree fern|Wilson's filmy fern|wood fern|adder's fern|Alice's fern|American climbing fern|artillery fern|basket fern|cloak fern|duckweed fern|fern cake|hare's-foot fern|Hartford fern|horseshoe fern|Japanese climbing fern|king fern|lip fern|umbrella fern|ball fern|coral fern|man fern}}
|ball fern|bamboo fern|Barnsley fern|basket fern|bead fern|bladder fern|Boston fern|buckler fern
|chain fern|Christmas fern|cinnamon fern|climbing maidenhair fern|[[cloak fern]] ({{taxfmt|Notholaena|genus}} spp.)|[[coral fern]] ({{taxfmt|Gleichenia|genus}} spp.)
|[[duckweed fern]] ({{taxfmt|Azolla|genus}} spp.)
|[[evergreen wood fern]] ({{taxlink|Dryopteris marginalis|species}}, {{taxfmt|Polystichum acrostichoides|species}})
|fern bar|[[fern bush]] ({{taxlink|Chamaebatiaria millefolium|species}})|fern cake|fern house|fern pine|fern seed|fern-leaf|{{l|en|ferny}}|filmy fern
|hard fern|hare's-foot fern|[[Hartford fern]] ({{taxlink|Lygodium palmatum|species}})|hay-scented fern|horseshoe fern
|fern ally|[[ice fern]]
|[[Japanese climbing fern]] ({{taxlink|Lygodium japonicum|species}})
|[[king fern]] ({{taxlink|Ptisana salicina|species}}, {{taxlink|Todea barbara|species}})
|lady fern|leatherleaf fern|lip fern
|{{l|en|maidenhair fern}}|{{l|en|male fern}}|man fern|[[mosquito fern]] ({{taxfmt|Azolla|genus}} spp.)
|netted chain fern|[[New York fern]] ({{taxfmt|Parathelypteris noveboracensis|species}})|northern lady fern
|[[oak fern]]|[[ostrich fern]]
|{{l|en|parsley fern}} ({{taxlink|Cryptogramma crispa|species}})
|rabbit's-foot fern|rattlesnake fern|[[royal fern]] ({{taxfmt|Osmunda regalis|species}}, {{taxlink|Osmunda spectabilis|species}})
|[[seed fern]] ({{taxfmt|Pteridospermatophyta|division}} spp.)|[[sensitive fern]] ({{taxlink|Onoclea sensibilis|species}})|shield fern|staghorn fern|{{vern|sweetfern}} (in genus {{taxfmt|Comptonia|genus}})|sword fern
|{{l|en|tree fern}}|Tara fern
|[[umbrella fern]] ({{taxfmt|Sticherus|genus}} spp.)
|vegetable fern|Venus hair fern
|walking fern|[[water fern]] ({{taxfmt|Azolla|genus}} spp.)|whisk fern|wig tree fern|Wilson's filmy fern|wood fern
}}


====Translations====
====Translations====
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* Basque: {{t|eu|ira}}
* Basque: {{t|eu|ira}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|па́параць|f}}, {{t|be|па́паратнік|m}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|па́параць|f}}, {{t|be|па́паратнік|m}}
* Bengali: {{t|bn|ফার্ন}}
* Bengali: {{t+|bn|ফার্ন}}
* Breton: {{t+|br|raden|p}}
* Breton: {{t+|br|raden|p}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|папрат|f}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|папрат|f}}
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* Maori: {{t|mi|huruwhenua}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|huruwhenua}}
* Mingrelian: {{t|xmf|გვიმორა}}, {{t|xmf|გვიმარა}}, {{t|xmf|გუიმარა}}, {{t|xmf|გუმარა}}
* Mingrelian: {{t|xmf|გვიმორა}}, {{t|xmf|გვიმარა}}, {{t|xmf|გუიმარა}}, {{t|xmf|გუმარა}}
* Mongolian:
* Mongolian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t+|mn|ойм}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t+|mn|ойм}}
*: Mongolian: {{t|mn|ᠣᠶᠢᠮᠤ}}
*: Mongolian: {{t|mn|ᠣᠶᠢᠮᠤ}}
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*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|па̏пра̄т|f}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|па̏пра̄т|f}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|pȁprāt|f}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|pȁprāt|f}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|fìlici|f}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|papraď|f}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|papraď|f}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|práprot|f}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|práprot|f}}
* Sorbian:
* Sorbian:
*: Lower Sorbian: {{t|dsb|paproś|f}}
*: Lower Sorbian: {{t|dsb|paproś|f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|helecho|m}}, {{t|es|helez|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|helecho|m}}, {{t-check|es|helez|m}}, {{t|es|shapumba|f}} {{qualifier|Peru}}, {{t|es|yogo|m}} {{qualifier|Mexico}}, {{t|es|calimete|m}} {{qualifier|Dominican Republic}}
* Svan: {{t|sva|იფხ}}, {{t|sva|გვიმბრა}}, {{t|sva|გუ̂იმბრა}}, {{t|sva|გუ̂იმრა}}, {{t|sva|გუ̂რიმბ}}, {{t|sva|გუ̂იმორ}}
* Svan: {{t|sva|იფხ}}, {{t|sva|გვიმბრა}}, {{t|sva|გუ̂იმბრა}}, {{t|sva|გუ̂იმრა}}, {{t|sva|გუ̂რიმბ}}, {{t|sva|გუ̂იმორ}}
* Swahili: {{t|sw|mkangaga|c3/4}}
* Swahili: {{t|sw|mkangaga|c3/4}}
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* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|па́пороть|f}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|па́пороть|f}}
* Uzbek: {{t+|uz|qirqquloq}}
* Uzbek: {{t+|uz|qirqquloq}}
* Venetian: {{t|vec|féłese|f}}
* Venetan: {{t|vec|féłese|f}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|dương xỉ}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|dương xỉ}}
* Volapük: {{t|vo|filig}}
* Volapük: {{t|vo|filig}}
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===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=efnr|fren|fren'|nerf}}
* {{anagrams|en|a=efnr|fren'|nerf|fren|NeRF}}


[[Category:en:Ferns]]
{{topics|en|Ferns}}


==German==
==German==
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===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|de|/fɛʁn/}}
* {{IPA|de|/fɛʁn/}}
* {{audio|de|De-fern.ogg|audio}}
* {{audio|de|De-fern.ogg}}
* {{audio|de|De-fern2.ogg|audio}}
* {{audio|de|De-fern2.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|de|ɛʁn|s=1}}
* {{rhymes|de|ɛʁn|s=1}}


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|Fernzug
|Fernzug
}}
}}

===Preposition===
{{head|de|preposition}} {{+obj|de|gen|dat}}

# {{lb|de|elevated}} [[far away]] from something
#: {{ux|de|'''Fern''' des Landes / dem Land, in dem sie geboren wurde|'''Far away''' from the land in which she was born}}


===Further reading===
===Further reading===
* {{R:Duden|fern_vormals_kuenftig_entlegen}}
* {{R:Duden|fern_vormals_kuenftig_entlegen|fern (adjective)}}
* {{R:Duden|fern_fernab_abseitig_fort}}
* {{R:Duden|fern_fernab_abseitig_fort|fern (preposition)}}
* {{R:DWDS}}
* {{R:DWDS}}


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===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|sga|/fʲer͈n͈/}}
* {{IPA|sga|[ɸʲer͈n͈]}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
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{{sga-mutation|f|ern}}
{{sga-mutation|f|ern}}


[[Category:sga:Trees]]
{{topics|sga|Trees}}


==Old Saxon==
==Old Saxon==

Latest revision as of 10:34, 15 October 2024

See also: Fern

English

[edit]
A fern.

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle English fern, from Old English fearn, from Proto-West Germanic *farn, from Proto-Indo-European *pornóm (feather, wing; fern, leaf), from *p(t)erH- (fern).

Cognate with West Frisian fear, Dutch varen, German Farn, Lithuanian spar̃nas, Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (parəna), Ashkun pār, Kamkata-viri por, přor, Prasuni parëg, Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

fern (plural ferns)

  1. Any of a group of some twenty thousand species of vascular plants classified in the division Pteridophyta that lack seeds and reproduce by shedding spores to initiate an alternation of generations.

Synonyms

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]

Translations

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]

Anagrams

[edit]

German

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Old High German ferrana.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

fern (strong nominative masculine singular ferner, comparative ferner, superlative am fernsten)

  1. remote
  2. far away

Declension

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]
[edit]

Preposition

[edit]

fern [with genitive; or with dative]

  1. (higher register) far away from something
    Fern des Landes / dem Land, in dem sie geboren wurde
    Far away from the land in which she was born

Further reading

[edit]

Icelandic

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From the root fer-. Compare tvennur, þrennur.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

fern

  1. four (used when counting singular nouns, pluralia tantum or groupings (especially pairs) of items, or when the item counted is missing from the sentence or separated by the preposition af (“of”))
    fernir skórfour pairs of shoes
    fernir tónleikarfour concerts (tónleikar is plurale tantum)
    Þetta má gera á fernan hátt. – This can be done in four ways. (háttur cannot be used in its plural form in this sense)
    Það er fernt sem mig vantar. – There are four [things] that I need. (noun omitted)
    Ég vil fá fernt af öllu. – I want four of everything.

Inflection

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]
[edit]

Middle English

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Old English fearn, from Proto-West Germanic *farn.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

fern (plural ferns)

  1. fern

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
  • English: fern
  • Scots: farne, fairn
  • Yola: vearne, fearn

References

[edit]

Old Irish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Welsh gwern). Cognate with Old Armenian գերան (geran).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

fern f (genitive fernae, nominative plural ferna)

  1. alder
  2. shield (made of alder wood)
  3. pole, stake
  4. the letter F

Inflection

[edit]
Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative fernL feirnL fernaH
Vocative fernL feirnL fernaH
Accusative feirnN feirnL fernaH
Genitive fernaeH fernL fernN
Dative feirnL fernaib fernaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

[edit]

Mutation

[edit]
Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
fern ḟern fern
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Saxon

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

fern m

  1. Alternative form of infern