厚
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
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厚 (Kangxi radical 27, 厂+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一日弓木 (MAND), four-corner 71247, composition ⿸厂⿱日子 or ⿸厂㫗)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 161, character 26
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2949
- Dae Jaweon: page 368, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 72, character 6
- Unihan data for U+539A
Chinese
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
厚 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the character 厚 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 厂 (“cliff; cave on a cliff”) + 𣆪 (“jug”). According to Shuowen, 𣆪 is an inverted 亯.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hou4
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ху (hu, III)
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): hou3
- Northern Min (KCR): gè / hē
- Eastern Min (BUC): gâu / hâiu
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gao5 / hieo5 / ao5
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6gheu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): hou4 / hou5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄡˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hòu
- Wade–Giles: hou4
- Yale: hòu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: how
- Palladius: хоу (xou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xoʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: hou4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xou
- Sinological IPA (key): /xəu²¹³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ху (hu, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xou⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: hau5
- Yale: háuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: hau5
- Guangdong Romanization: heo5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐu̯¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: heu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /heu²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: heu
- Hakka Romanization System: heu
- Hagfa Pinyim: heu4
- Sinological IPA: /heu̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: hou3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /xəu⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gè / hē
- Sinological IPA (key): /ke⁴²/, /xe⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
Note:
- gè - colloquial;
- hē - literary.
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gâu / hâiu
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɑu²⁴²/, /hɑu²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- gâu - colloquial;
- hâiu - literary.
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gao5
- Sinological IPA (key): /kau²¹/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hieo5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hieu²¹/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ao5
- Sinological IPA (key): /au²¹/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
Note:
- gao5 - vernacular;
- hieo5 - literary;
- ao5 - only used in place names (originally 後).
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Penang, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan, Taichung, Kinmen)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiō
- Tâi-lô: hiō
- Phofsit Daibuun: hioi
- IPA (Lukang): /hio³¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /hio³³/
Note:
- kāu/kǎu - vernacular;
- hō͘/hiǒ/hiō - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: huwX, huwH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.[ɡ]ˤ(r)oʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːʔ/, /*ɡoːs/
Definitions
[edit]厚
- thick
- 厚棉被 ― hòu miánbèi ― thick cotton quilt
- large; substantial
- 天高日月明，地厚草木生。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
- From: 《推句》, circa 19th century
- Cheon go irweol myeong, ji hu chomok saeng. [Sino-Korean]
- The sky is high and the sun and moon are bright; the earth is large and trees and grass grow.
- deep; profound
- rich; strong
- generous; kind
- to favour
- 厚此薄彼 ― hòucǐbóbǐ ― to favour one and slight the other
- thickness; depth
- 天子之棺四重；水兕革棺被之，其厚三寸。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
- Tiānzǐ zhī guān sìzhòng; shuǐ sì gé guān bèi zhī, qí hòu sān cùn. [Pinyin]
- The coffin of the son of Heaven is fourfold. The hides of a water-buffalo and a rhinoceros, overlapping each other, [form the first,] three inches in thickness.
- (Southern Min) many; much
- (～鎮) Hou (a town in Lantian, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China)
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 厚 (“thick”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 釅, 濃 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 釅 |
| Taiwan | 濃 | |
| Singapore | 濃 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 釅 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 釅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 釅 |
| Wuhan | 釅 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 濃 |
| Hefei | 濃 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 濃 |
| Hong Kong | 濃 | |
| Taishan | 濃 | |
| Yangjiang | 濃 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 濃 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 釅 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 釅 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 釅 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 濃 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 濃, 鎮 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 厚 |
| Quanzhou | 厚 | |
| Zhangzhou | 厚 | |
| Tainan | 厚 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 厚 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 厚 | |
| Chaozhou | 釅, 厚 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 厚, 濃 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 濃 |
| Wenzhou | 濃 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 釅 |
| Shuangfeng | 釅, 濃 | |
Antonyms
[edit]- 薄 (bó, “thin”)
Descendants
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 交厚 (jiāohòu)
- 仁厚 (rénhòu)
- 優厚／优厚 (yōuhòu)
- 卑禮厚幣／卑礼厚币
- 卑辭厚禮／卑辞厚礼
- 厚交
- 厚今薄古
- 厚利 (hòulì)
- 厚厚敦敦
- 厚古薄今 (hòugǔbójīn)
- 厚味 (hòuwèi)
- 厚味臘毒／厚味腊毒
- 厚坪 (Hòupíng)
- 厚墩墩
- 厚壁組織／厚壁组织
- 厚子
- 厚實／厚实 (hòushi)
- 厚屎 (Min Nan)
- 厚屎尿 (Min Nan)
- 厚工 (Min Nan)
- 厚度 (hòudù)
- 厚彼薄此
- 厚待 (hòudài)
- 厚德 (hòudé)
- 厚德載物／厚德载物 (hòudézàiwù)
- 厚德載福／厚德载福
- 厚性地 (Min Nan)
- 厚恩 (hòu'ēn)
- 厚情
- 厚愛／厚爱 (hòu'ài)
- 厚意 (hòuyì)
- 厚擾／厚扰
- 厚望 (hòuwàng)
- 厚朴 (hòupò)
- 厚此薄彼 (hòucǐbóbǐ)
- 厚沙屑 (Min Nan)
- 厚澤／厚泽 (hòuzé)
- 厚生 (hòushēng)
- 厚生省
- 厚皮香
- 厚祿／厚禄 (hòulù)
- 厚祿高官／厚禄高官
- 厚禮／厚礼 (hòulǐ)
- 厚禮數／厚礼数 (Min Nan)
- 厚秩
- 厚糈
- 厚臉皮／厚脸皮 (hòu liǎnpí)
- 厚葬 (hòuzàng)
- 厚薄 (hòubó)
- 厚薰 (Min Nan)
- 厚行 (Min Nan)
- 厚話／厚话 (Min Nan)
- 厚話屎／厚话屎 (Min Nan)
- 厚誣／厚诬
- 厚誼／厚谊
- 厚譴損／厚谴损 (Min Nan)
- 厚貌深情
- 厚貺／厚贶
- 厚載／厚载
- 厚道 (hòudào)
- 厚遇 (hòuyù)
- 厚酒
- 厚酬
- 厚重 (hòuzhòng)
- 厚面皮 (Min Nan)
- 厚顏／厚颜 (hòuyán)
- 厚顏無恥／厚颜无耻 (hòuyánwúchǐ)
- 厚黑學／厚黑学 (hòuhēixué)
- 含蓄渾厚／含蓄浑厚
- 和厚
- 坤厚 (Kūnhòu)
- 多藏厚亡
- 天高地厚 (tiāngāodìhòu)
- 宅心仁厚
- 宅心忠厚
- 官高祿厚／官高禄厚
- 富厚
- 寬厚／宽厚 (kuānhòu)
- 尊官厚祿／尊官厚禄
- 嵩厚
- 席豐履厚／席丰履厚
- 幣厚言甘／币厚言甘
- 得天獨厚／得天独厚 (détiāndúhòu)
- 德厚
- 德厚流光
- 忠厚 (zhōnghòu)
- 忠厚老實／忠厚老实
- 憨厚 (hānhòu)
- 才高行厚
- 扳厚
- 敦厚 (dūnhòu)
- 未可厚非
- 樸厚／朴厚
- 民淳俗厚
- 沉厚
- 沉厚寡言
- 淳厚 (chúnhòu)
- 深厚 (shēnhòu)
- 深情厚誼／深情厚谊 (shēnqínghòuyì)
- 渾厚／浑厚 (húnhòu)
- 溫厚／温厚 (wēnhòu)
- 溫柔敦厚／温柔敦厚
- 濃厚／浓厚 (nónghòu)
- 無可厚非／无可厚非 (wúkěhòufēi)
- 爛忠厚／烂忠厚
- 甘言厚幣／甘言厚币
- 甘言厚禮／甘言厚礼
- 相厚
- 積厚流光／积厚流光
- 節用厚生／节用厚生
- 篤厚／笃厚 (dǔhòu)
- 純厚／纯厚 (chúnhòu)
- 膏粱厚味
- 臉皮厚／脸皮厚
- 薄厚 (bóhòu)
- 親厚／亲厚 (qīnhòu)
- 謙厚／谦厚
- 謙恭厚道／谦恭厚道
- 謹厚／谨厚
- 豐功厚利／丰功厚利
- 豐厚／丰厚 (fēnghòu)
- 質直渾厚／质直浑厚
- 醇厚 (chúnhòu)
- 重厚
- 重厚少文
- 雄厚 (xiónghòu)
- 面皮厚
- 高位厚祿／高位厚禄 (gāowèihòulù)
- 高天厚地
- 高官厚祿／高官厚禄 (gāoguānhòulù)
- 高情厚愛／高情厚爱
- 高情厚意
- 高情厚誼／高情厚谊
- 高爵厚祿／高爵厚禄
References
[edit]- “厚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]厚
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ぐ (gu)
- Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
- Kun: あつい (atsui, 厚い, Jōyō)、あつ (atsu)、あか (aka)
- Nanori: あ (a)、あっ (a')
Compounds
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- a male given name
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]厚 (eum 후 (hu))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- zh:Towns in Shaanxi
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