arrancar

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ə.rəŋˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [a.raŋˈkaɾ]

Verb

arrancar (first-person singular present arranco, first-person singular preterite arranquí, past participle arrancat)

1. Alternative form of arrencar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of arrancar (first conjugation, c-qu alternation)

infinitive			arrancar
gerund			arrancant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		arrancat		arrancada
		plural		arrancats		arrancades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	arranco	arranques	arranca	arranquem	arranqueu	arranquen
	imperfect	arrancava	arrancaves	arrancava	arrancàvem	arrancàveu	arrancaven
	future	arrancaré	arrancaràs	arrancarà	arrancarem	arrancareu	arrancaran
	preterite	arranquí	arrancares	arrancà	arrancàrem	arrancàreu	arrancaren
	conditional	arrancaria	arrancaries	arrancaria	arrancaríem	arrancaríeu	arrancarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	arranqui	arranquis	arranqui	arranquem	arranqueu	arranquin
	imperfect	arranqués	arranquessis	arranqués	arranquéssim	arranquéssiu	arranquessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	arranca	arranqui	arranquem	arranqueu	arranquin
	negative (no)	—	no arranquis	no arranqui	no arranquem	no arranqueu	no arranquin

Further reading

• “arrancar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese arrancar, of uncertain origin. Probably from Latin ad- +‎ runcāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.ʁɐ̃ˈka(ʁ)/ [a.hɐ̃ˈka(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.ʁɐ̃ˈka(ʁ)/ [a.hɐ̃ˈka(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /a.ʁɐ̃ˈka(ɾ)/ [a.hɐ̃ˈka(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /a.ʁɐ̃ˈka(ʁ)/ [a.χɐ̃ˈka(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.ʁɐ̃ˈka(ɻ)/ [a.hɐ̃ˈka(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.ʁɐ̃ˈkaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.ʁɐ̃ˈkaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.ʁɐ̃ˈka.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: ar‧ran‧car

Verb

arrancar (first-person singular present arranco, first-person singular preterite arranquei, past participle arrancado)

1. (transitive) to pull, pluck, rip (something) [with de or (Portugal also) a ‘from someone/something’]
2. to yank, jerk
3. to pull down, tear down
4. to start (a vehicle)
5. (intransitive) to start [with com ‘a machine, project, etc.’]

   Synonym: iniciar

   Arrancámos com o projeto. ― Let's start the project.

6. (intransitive, computing) to boot

   O computador não arranca. ― The computer doesn't boot.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of arrancar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	arrancar
Personal	arrancar	arrancares	arrancar	arrancarmos	arrancardes	arrancarem
Gerund
	arrancando
Past participle
Masculine	arrancado			arrancados
Feminine	arrancada			arrancadas
Indicative
Present	arranco	arrancas	arranca	arrancamos	arrancais	arrancam
Imperfect	arrancava	arrancavas	arrancava	arrancávamos	arrancáveis	arrancavam
Preterite	arranquei	arrancaste	arrancou	arrancamos1, arrancámos2	arrancastes	arrancaram
Pluperfect	arrancara	arrancaras	arrancara	arrancáramos	arrancáreis	arrancaram
Future	arrancarei	arrancarás	arrancará	arrancaremos	arrancareis	arrancarão
Conditional	arrancaria	arrancarias	arrancaria	arrancaríamos	arrancaríeis	arrancariam
Subjunctive
Present	arranque	arranques	arranque	arranquemos	arranqueis	arranquem
Imperfect	arrancasse	arrancasses	arrancasse	arrancássemos	arrancásseis	arrancassem
Future	arrancar	arrancares	arrancar	arrancarmos	arrancardes	arrancarem
Imperative
Affirmative		arranca	arranque	arranquemos	arrancai	arranquem
Negative (não)		não arranques	não arranque	não arranquemos	não arranqueis	não arranquem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• para-arranca

Spanish

Etymology

Probably from Latin ad- +‎ runcāre. Compare Catalan arrencar, Romanian arunca and Sicilian arrancari.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aranˈkaɾ/ [a.rãŋˈkaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: a‧rran‧car

Verb

arrancar (first-person singular present arranco, first-person singular preterite arranqué, past participle arrancado)

1. (transitive) to pull out

   Synonym: desfijar

   • 2016, José Luis Bonet, Cerebro, emociones y estrés, B DE BOOKS, →ISBN:

     Las personas experimentan una sensación creciente de ansiedad y estrés inmediatamente antes de un episodio de arrancarse el pelo, y también si pretende resistir a ese impulso.

     These people experience a growing feeling of anxiety and stress immediately before an episode of pulling out their hair, and also if they attempt to resist that impulse.

2. (transitive) to unsheathe (a sword, dagger, etc.)
3. (transitive) to rip, to tear
4. (transitive, intransitive) to start (a machine)
5. (intransitive) to get going, get started
6. (reflexive) to run away

Conjugation

    Conjugation of arrancar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			arrancar
gerund			arrancando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		arrancado		arrancada
		plural		arrancados		arrancadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	arranco	arrancastú arrancásvos	arranca	arrancamos	arrancáis	arrancan
	imperfect	arrancaba	arrancabas	arrancaba	arrancábamos	arrancabais	arrancaban
	preterite	arranqué	arrancaste	arrancó	arrancamos	arrancasteis	arrancaron
	future	arrancaré	arrancarás	arrancará	arrancaremos	arrancaréis	arrancarán
	conditional	arrancaría	arrancarías	arrancaría	arrancaríamos	arrancaríais	arrancarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	arranque	arranquestú arranquésvos2	arranque	arranquemos	arranquéis	arranquen
	imperfect (ra)	arrancara	arrancaras	arrancara	arrancáramos	arrancarais	arrancaran
	imperfect (se)	arrancase	arrancases	arrancase	arrancásemos	arrancaseis	arrancasen
	future1	arrancare	arrancares	arrancare	arrancáremos	arrancareis	arrancaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		arrancatú arrancávos	arranque	arranquemos	arrancad	arranquen
	negative		no arranques	no arranque	no arranquemos	no arranquéis	no arranquen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of arrancar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive arrancar
	dative	arrancarme	arrancarte	arrancarle, arrancarse	arrancarnos	arrancaros	arrancarles, arrancarse
	accusative	arrancarme	arrancarte	arrancarlo, arrancarla, arrancarse	arrancarnos	arrancaros	arrancarlos, arrancarlas, arrancarse
with gerund arrancando
	dative	arrancándome	arrancándote	arrancándole, arrancándose	arrancándonos	arrancándoos	arrancándoles, arrancándose
	accusative	arrancándome	arrancándote	arrancándolo, arrancándola, arrancándose	arrancándonos	arrancándoos	arrancándolos, arrancándolas, arrancándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative arranca
	dative	arráncame	arráncate	arráncale	arráncanos	not used	arráncales
	accusative	arráncame	arráncate	arráncalo, arráncala	arráncanos	not used	arráncalos, arráncalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative arrancá
	dative	arrancame	arrancate	arrancale	arrancanos	not used	arrancales
	accusative	arrancame	arrancate	arrancalo, arrancala	arrancanos	not used	arrancalos, arrancalas
with formal second-person singular imperative arranque
	dative	arránqueme	not used	arránquele, arránquese	arránquenos	not used	arránqueles
	accusative	arránqueme	not used	arránquelo, arránquela, arránquese	arránquenos	not used	arránquelos, arránquelas
with first-person plural imperative arranquemos
	dative	not used	arranquémoste	arranquémosle	arranquémonos	arranquémoos	arranquémosles
	accusative	not used	arranquémoste	arranquémoslo, arranquémosla	arranquémonos	arranquémoos	arranquémoslos, arranquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative arrancad
	dative	arrancadme	not used	arrancadle	arrancadnos	arrancaos	arrancadles
	accusative	arrancadme	not used	arrancadlo, arrancadla	arrancadnos	arrancaos	arrancadlos, arrancadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative arranquen
	dative	arránquenme	not used	arránquenle	arránquennos	not used	arránquenles, arránquense
	accusative	arránquenme	not used	arránquenlo, arránquenla	arránquennos	not used	arránquenlos, arránquenlas, arránquense

Alternative forms

• rancar (obsolete)

Derived terms

• arranca cebolla
• arrancable
• arrancada
• arrancador
• arrancadura
• arrancamiento
• arrancón
• arranque

 

Further reading

• “arrancar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28