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006327034X
| 9780063270343
| B0CRQGRP8G
| 3.92
| 184
| unknown
| Oct 01, 2024
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really liked it
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‘You gotta fight and fight and fight for your legacy’ —MC Sha-Rock ‘They usually shoot the innovator,’ musician and artist Joni Mitchell quips in an int ‘You gotta fight and fight and fight for your legacy’ —MC Sha-Rock ‘They usually shoot the innovator,’ musician and artist Joni Mitchell quips in an interview with NPR. While reading a book on Van Gogh, she found herself relating to his frustration, noting that in the world of painters ‘innovation and originality has always been a criteria,’ but in the commercial music industry ‘copycat-ism is rewarded.’ Heralding generations of women who dared to be innovators of sound is How Women Made Music: A Revolutionary History from NPR. This well designed coffee-table-esque hardcover full of interviews, photos, essays and more arrives in print as an extension to NPR’s Turning the Tables series which has been working towards greater recognition of women artists since it was created in 2017. Spanning 5 decades of NPR’s coverage on women, trans women, and nonbinary influential artists, this is a treasure trove of insights, first-hand accounts, and heartfelt examination of the music that dared to be itself in a world of copycats and patriarchal barriers. It covers such an eclectic variety of musicians, from the ones you’d expect to find here to many I was previously unfamiliar with and have been building an massive playlist of songs to hear and artists to investigate. It’s like the coolest compilation album but in essay and interview format while still pushing you off to spin the records. ‘This book inaugurates a new phase in our ongoing mission of infusing canon-making with life,’ writes NPR’s Ann Powers in the introduction, ‘and…imagining music history as a huge continuing conversation rather than as something solid, like a monument.’ Edited by Alison Fensterstock, How Women Made Music is a wonderful read just overflowing with great songs and information. You’ll want to spend plenty of time with it. ‘I see a connection between all the arts, a song, a poem, a sculpture…it just uplights your spirit. I think that’s the best of art, it does that—its an affirmation of your life in your spirit. It’s just real.’ —Laura Nyro Structured like a mix-tape, this book aims for ‘more space, more voices, more stories,’ and certainly achieves that. We have Nina Simone discussing how she ‘has an edge,’, Tori Amos describing her love for pianos stemming from a belief ‘its very much a warm, living breathing woman to me, it’s very female. She’s my best friend,’ Lucinda Williams on her influences in the writings of Flannery O’Connor and Eudora Welty, Mavis Staples on music as activism where ‘if it’s something bad, we want to sing a song to try to fix it,’ Kate Bush on music and voice as ‘a continual experiment,’ Rickie Lee Jones talking about song interpretation, Sheryl Crow on sharing your story, Etta James on wanting to sing ‘real stuff,’ and so much more. It’s a really wonderful book. It is, perhaps almost too much and even with its loose structure sometimes feels like jumping from place to place, but all in all it is a great read. ‘I was playing with convention and sexuality and trying to see what the boundaries were. I was kind of trying to work it our in my own head, but trying to understand why men and women were perceived differently and treated differently.’ —Madonna The book also takes a look at the barriers faced by women and trans artists in the industry. Gender discrimination, misogyny and racism comes up often and many artists discuss how it is a very hostile industry to women that takes a huge toll on mental health. There is also a lot or ageism and underrepresentation that makes many feel alone, particularly when the actions of women artists tend to be judge far more harshly than men. And while ‘disability visibility within the music world continues to increase,’ there are still a lot of set-backs and women tend to be judged far more for their appearance and health than the men in music. Lady Gaga, for instance, discusses how people refused to believe her that fibromyalgia was real,’ and Lizzo has a short piece on body shaming that happens to women in the industry. ‘We’re trying our best so the pipeline needs to be developed. This starts way back with the record companies, radio. I can shout as loud as I like but we need to get everyone on board.’ Objectification and sexual harassment makes for a large barrier as well with a 2021 study showing 64% of women in creative fields report sexual harassment as a major problem for their work. How Women Made Music does a great job of highlighting these issues to help push for better efforts in accessibility and equity in the music industry. A cool book with a lot of information How Women Made Music is a music lovers dream of a coffee table book. I’ve found this to be quite fascinating and is certainly a book I’ll turn to again and again. 4/5 ...more |
Notes are private!
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Mar 04, 2025
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Mar 04, 2025
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Mar 04, 2025
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Kindle Edition
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0008434042
| 9780008434045
| 0008434042
| 3.50
| 1,045
| 2019
| Jan 21, 2021
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liked it
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I have to admit, I’d never read Jonathan Franzen before. Truth be told, the main idea his name always brings to mind is an old comedic piece in Jezebe
I have to admit, I’d never read Jonathan Franzen before. Truth be told, the main idea his name always brings to mind is an old comedic piece in Jezebel on why ‘teens are the only true nihilists left’ that ends with ‘TEENS DON’T GIVE A MAD FUCK ABOUT JONATHAN FRANZEN!!!!!!!!!’ I laughed so hard the first time I read that article. But Jonathan Franzen also wrote an article, this one for the New Yorker (you can read it here) back in 2019 and it set the internet astir. Which, from what I know about Franzen, is pretty par for the course with him. He seems to really cause some strong emotions in folks but, until today, I honestly didn’t *checks notes* give a mad fuck about Jonathan Franzen. But seeing a friend on here review it and then diving into the whole fallout of the social media discourse around the original article I had to give it a quick read. Because I do love a good social media shitstorm. So here we are. What If We Stop Pretending? by Franzen, including the original essay and a few scattered thoughts as well addressing the original essay. It’s pretty bleak, and understandably so because the climate crisis is pretty bleak. And, as everyone was quick to point out, there's a lot in this essay that doesn’t come across great. But there’s a lot of criticism that seems to focus on aspects in a way that misconstrue what he’s saying too. So let’s take a look for a brief moment. ‘“There is infinite hope,” Kafka tells us, “only not for us.” This is a fittingly mystical epigram from a writer whose characters strive for ostensibly reachable goals and, tragically or amusingly, never manage to get any closer to them. But it seems to me, in our rapidly darkening world, that the converse of Kafka’s quip is equally true: There is no hope, except for us.’ Climate crisis is changing the world around us and is only going to get worse if we don’t make changes. Such is the general consensus. His article got a lot of criticism for, as on critic put it, saying ‘We’re doomed so just garden and be nice’ which is ‘deadly and useless.’ And there are some good criticisms—such as Franzen not acknowledging how much more dire the situation is in other parts of the world and that people are dying right now—but I also don’t think garden and be nice is even remotely what he is trying to say. At least from what I read in it, Franzen is more concerned about how the language around climate crisis, particularly at a political level, sets it as this large looming abstract threat we can “fight to stop” when the reality is, it isn’t a “flip the switch, its over” scenario and the looming future makes it easier for people to push it aside as future-Me’s problem. Franzen is saying to look at what you can do in the immediate present and do that, even if its small, and small things can build towards big change. And it may seem like a rather bleak prophesying that we can’t just “stop” climate change, but I mean…it’s already here so thats not wrong but I don’t think he’s giving a resignation attitude at all. Quite the opposite was my take, though I also don't find him particularly helpful amidst much more productive voices on the issue. ‘If you’re younger than sixty, you have a good chance of witnessing the radical destabilization of life on earth—massive crop failures, apocalyptic fires, imploding economies, epic flooding, hundreds of millions of refugees flooding regions made uninhabitable by extreme heat or permanent drought. If you’re under thirty, you’re all but guaranteed to witness it.’ But yes, a lot of it does have a layer of privilege to it and he does sort of armchair-quarterback the situation in ways where it’s like “I’m helping!” but like…is he? It feels a bit too small, and a bit too much like, sure, lets do what we can, but losing sight of the larger picture at the same time. Also he seems to neglect to talk about the people who are already doing the work. I was the finance officer for a 2020 state level campaign and climate crisis was a big talking point of ours in the early days. Democratic party advisors tried to tell us to not focus on it much and showed us troves of data that public opinion on the issue had been rising over the years but—and this is bleak, prep yourself—when the face of fighting climate change became largely women, especially young women (like Greta Thunberg and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez), and very often women of color (like Isra Hirsi), polls showed a dramatic decrease in voters seeing it as a priority issue. NOT GREAT . And while Franzen talks about how we need to change the public discourse and language around climate crisis, he seems to miss how much misogyny, racism, and ageism all play a large role in the ad hominem criticisms used to distract and dismiss climate action as well as the massive amounts of funding from corporations such as the oil industry to attempt to delegitimize climate science in the public opinion. [image] US Senate Budget Committee discussing the role of the fossil fuel industry in funding climate skepticism Which is a pretty known problem unless you are repeating the rhetoric of industry plants. The oil industry has a long history of blocking climate action and even deceives the public on their commitment to climate and downplayed the crisis and bribed journalists to help. But I suppose that is part of the problem Franzen talks about. We look at the huge amount of money funneled into climate skepticism and think “I can’t fight billionaires” and feel powerless. While I wish Franzen took a bolder stance and gave more outlets or examples of people doing the work, I do see where he is coming from about looking to what we can do in the Now. But the whole “look at you as an individual” also reeks of BP oil coming up with the “carbon footprint” to have people look at themselves and not at the oil industry who is a massive part of the problem. So I definitely agree with some of the criticism on how Franzen just…comes across as kind of smug and privileged but I also don’t think that changes his points either and those would be better places to argue him. And there’s plenty that can occur there. But fighting against someone who is trying to at least say lets find a better way to think about working towards reducing harm seems the wrong place to put all the energy when actually working to reduce harm and hold corporations and politicians accountable is right there too. I feel like a lot of what goes on in this book was done much better by others and This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. The Climate by Naomi Klein, for example, is a far better read. Or Not Too Late: Changing the Climate Story from Despair to Possibility by Rebecca Solnit which has a much more optimistic look without coming across as naive or rose colored glasses on a serious issue. So now I guess I’ve read some Franzen. Cool? ...more |
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not set
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not set
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Mar 04, 2025
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Hardcover
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1683694740
| 9781683694748
| 1683694740
| 3.85
| 561
| Nov 26, 2024
| Nov 26, 2024
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really liked it
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I have to give credit where credit is due. I thought this was going to be a cheesy money grab but upon reading it I’m actually rather impressed and th
I have to give credit where credit is due. I thought this was going to be a cheesy money grab but upon reading it I’m actually rather impressed and think this is earnestly really cool. Since the Eras Tour (which was amazing, I’m still in awe) there’s been a flood of unlicensed Swift lore books but I couldn’t resist the cover of Taylor Swift By the Book from Rachel Feder and Tiffany Tatreau—it’s a shiny toy with a price you know that I bought it—and turns out it is actually quite fun with an impressive collection of references. Also the art is cool. [image] Rachel Feder is a lit professor and it shows. It does move between entertainment and academic pretty strongly at times, but it is always accessible. It is pretty broad and I can see those with a more academic desire feeling left wanting but I think the casual fan who comes for some Swift lore and wants an entry point into literature will actually be pointed in great directions and learn a lot. I spend my days working in a library so I just want to point people towards cool literature and learning in a fun way so I really appreciated this. But I'm also a huge Taylor Swift fan and I think this does a cool job of nudging the ways fans have developed elaborate theories and threaded themes from her songs together. I grew up on Radiohead hiding all sorts of secret things to discover and sure, there wasn't the internet so people had to figure it out on their own (like what song is played backwards in Like Spinning Plates and how the backing vocals only say "in rainbows" at the exact moment of the golden ratio on that album) but I think Swift (and likely more her PR team) have done a cool job of utilizing the internet to foster this and create a community around it. For better or for worse. Anyways, onto the review. [image] The book goes song by song through her albums to show which lines are allusions to literary works, or which are good for explaining literary devices, or which are just a good excuse to talk about a novel or things like how a daisy means “secret loyalty” in the Victorian language of flowers. It’s pretty well crafted. It divides the albums by eras like the Bildungsroman Era, Fairy Tale Era, Modernist Era, Gothic Era and puts Tortured Poets in the Postmodernist Era which sounds cheesy but they do a really good job of explaining the literary qualities of each complete with a lot of cool biographical details on writers from each. Now i assumed this would be full of a lot of the same “here’s famous poets and writers” that you get in any coffee table type book that makes for lazy gift giving ideas but I thought this dug deep into some really cool one. It helps I opened it directly to the entry on my girl Edna St. Vincent Millay as one of the “tortured poets” but she is among others like Richard Siken, Sappho, Christina Rossetti, and my favorite person to hate (but also kind of love): Lord Byron (I wrote extensively on how much of an intense piece of shit he was HERE but like, his verse slaps). It’s pretty great. The reading lists for each album are also very cool and aren’t m the obvious choices you would assume. For Swift’s album Red, for instance, they recommend Virginia Woolf's Orlando, The Autobiography of Red by my current obsession--Anne Carson--and Natalie Díaz's poetry collection Postcolonial Love Poem. Folklore gets The Last Man by Mary Shelley, Reputation gets poetry by Lord Byron (of course!),and Chen Chen (great pick) and The Glass Hotel by Emily St. John Mandel, and then Carmilla shows up for Midnights along with Dinner on Monster Island: Essays by Tania De Rozario. It’s just pretty cool. Not to mention the book has some really great other reading recommendations along the way. I was impressed, honestly. Another aspect I really liked about this book is that the authors teach literary devices like hyperbole, archetype, anaphora, or metonym among others, but it also teaches some rather esoteric ones like metatextuality, zeugma,or antimetabole. They get into ideas on how to do ‘close reading’ of texts or how Swift makes use of “Modernist cynicism” in some songs and for every reference there is at least one to three paragraphs explaining the artist or novel. It is pretty well done and makes for an earnestly eclectic and informative book, especially for what i assume the target age range is. I also like how it teaches the idea of motifs by making playlists of Taylor Swift songs to match a motif from different novels. But it also goes into how Swift has, over the course of her album, garnered her own collection of favorite motifs like ghosts, star alignment, marriage, etc. They go through each album’s common themes and how The Great Gatsby, Alice in Wonderland, Shakespeare and the Greek myths often show up in each album. There’s also a lot of great lyrical analysis. All together this book was rather impressive and I’ve been really enjoying it. Would recommend! [image] ...more |
Notes are private!
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Feb 26, 2025
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Feb 26, 2025
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Feb 26, 2025
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Hardcover
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0374532311
| 9780374532314
| 0374532311
| 4.36
| 12,560
| Apr 01, 1977
| Oct 12, 2010
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really liked it
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You ever fumble a real one? It’s okay, you can raise your hand. I’ve done it, we’ve all done it. Better to have loved and lost than never to have love
You ever fumble a real one? It’s okay, you can raise your hand. I’ve done it, we’ve all done it. Better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all and all that shit, right? While many have tried to analyze love from our flirtatious frivolities to our foolhardy follies, Roland Barthes attempts to simulate love across the fragments of his A Lover’s Discourse. Hey, easy, I mean simulate the experience of being in love not simulating love making, pervs. Anyways, these 80 non-linear fragments have a narratorial approach that harnesses the complexities and chaos of love in a meditative way that transcends the singular into the universal to open a route towards assessing the emotional, psychological, abstract and linguistic components of being in love. That’s right: linguistic. Barthes is a philosopher and this is nerdy as hell. And I love it. [image] No, not romantically like the text is about but you get the idea. When Barthes writes his ‘language trembles with desire’ and these fragments are bound to send you careening down a cavern of memories—amorous, anxious, atrocious, etc. et al—to be emphatically nodding along or cringing in remembrance. Yet it is through the language that we begin to make sense of the tempest of emotions. ‘To try to write love is to confront the muck of language: that region of hysteria where language is both too much and too little, excessive.’ It is why love inspires poetry that shoots up through the stratosphere with emotion or the lack thereof can drop us in sharp descent of sorrow and destruction. He addresses the thematic elements of love like waiting, projection, and suffering as one becomes ‘engulfed’ by love and looks at struggles around power imbalances or that one may project an idealization over the actuality of the lover. Following through a dramatization of the entire arc of love as if effecting a dictionary of lover’s emotional states, A Lover’s Discourse makes for a riveting and thought provoking read teeming with emotion and epiphanic insight. ‘I encounter millions of bodies in my life; of these millions, I may desire some hundreds; but of these hundreds, I love only one.’ Austrian poet Rainer Maria Rilke once wrote ‘Love consists of this: two solitudes that meet, protect and greet each other.’ Across Barthe’s fragments, told in a jumble of internal monolugues not unlike the way our heart ricochettes between emotions in loves early onset, we find two solitudes that meet and begin the interplay of romance and entwining solitudes. But, as James Baldwin warns ‘Love does not begin and end the way we seem to think it does. Love is a battle, love is a war; love is a growing up.’ Once love is in grasp, it can often be the hardest to hold onto and Barthe’s traces the language of this through moments that hit hard and may bruise the reader when it kicks your memory in the shin. I’ve always felt love was not the easy moments, but the hard moments when you must pour love into the cracks to keep them from crumbling. That flaws are an opportunity to love harder. Or, as William Faulkner wrote ‘you don’t love because: you love despite; not for the virtues, but despite the faults.’ Yet this book wouldn’t be of much value without plunging us into the despair of loss thrashing about the void of the lover’s absence under the ruins of love. Following each fragment, Barthes steps in to pummel it which philosophical investigation and shake it upside down until all the insights come tumbling from its pockets. He employs analytics from thinkers like Friedrich Nietzsche, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Sigmund Freud and others in explorations on time, identity and power. ‘First best is falling in love, second best is being in love. Least best is falling out of love. But any of it is better than never having been in love.’ —Maya Angelou This book hits with wave after wave of poetic emotion. There are the highs: ‘I cannot get over having had this good fortune: to meet what matches my desire.’ But there are also the lows: ‘The lover's fatal identity is precisely this: I am the one who waits.’ It is a painful march towards romantic decay and much pain comes from not knowing how to properly love the other. In this we see Barthe’s first major conundrum around love with the lover projecting onto the beloved. It’s like when your friend has a crush and describes them as some mythical being who can do no wrong and you realize they perhaps love “the idea” of the person instead of the actual person, who inevitably contains foibles and flaws. ‘The subject suddenly realises that he is imprisoning the loved object in a net of tyrannies,’ sees the beloved as an idea that is not their true identity and is thereby loving something that does not exist. We must, as Robert Frost wrote, ‘love the things we love for what they are.’ And in projecting themself, upon discovering the foolishness of the projection and losing it, they in turn lose themselves. ‘I have projected myself into the other with such power that when I am without the other I cannot recover myself, regain myself: I am lost, forever.’ Which is a real tragedy that, in love, when you lose yourself, you tend to lose your lover. ‘It is my desire I desire, and the loved being is no more than its tool,’ the subject realizes, and in this they also realize the lover has been objectified under their language. ‘I can do everything with my language but not with my body. What I hide by my language, my body utters. I can deliberately mold my message, not my voice. By my voice, whatever it says, the other will recognize "that something is wrong with me".’ Often one loses themself out of fear for losing the lover and we see Barthes’ subject strangle their relationship with jealousies and anxieties. It is an examination on how dependency functions and how an obsessive relation straps all sense of self worth into the dependency. ‘If I acknowledge my dependency, I do so because for me it is a means of signifying my demand: in the realm of love, futility is not a "weakness" or an "absurdity": it is a strong sign: the more futile, the more it signifies and the more it asserts itself as strength.’ This sort of obsessive, jealous relationship reveals how it is a sense of wanting to possess the lover as opposed to authentically loving them. Barthes looks at how the language shows a ‘will-to-possess’ which is an erratic desire where ‘ the adult is superimposed upon the child,’ as in, it is a childlike behavior undertaken by adults engaged in adult interpersonal power imbalance. ‘Realising that the difficulties of the amorous relationship originate in his ceaseless desire to appropriate the loved being in one way or another, the subject decides to abandon henceforth all “will-to-possess” in his regard,’ he writes. The lover must abandon the desire to possess in order to be able to understand a fulfilling love, or love the object of their love. We’ve all seen this happen! ‘The imperfect is the tense of fascination: it seems to be alive and yet it doesn't move: imperfect presence, imperfect death; neither oblivion nor resurrection; simply the exhausting lure of memory.’ There is a constant struggle between possession and freedom, creating a power imbalance. But also that lovers must struggle for a balance with who waits, with vulnerability, dependency, etc. or an asymmetrical power structure in the relationship forms. Such a structure tends to break and plunge the subject into absence. ‘Absence is the figure of privation; simultaneously, I desire and I need. Desire is squashed against need: that is the obsessive phenomenon of all amorous sentiment.’ Barthes shows how in the absence of a lover (especially after an obsessive, jealous relationship) the subject is left in a void and shot through with psychological trauma to the extent that they contemplate suicide. They put their whole self into the relationship and without it, lack a self. ‘I cannot write myself. What, after all, is this "I" who would write himself?’ And here is where we can finally dive into the language of love. ‘Language is a skin: I rub my language against the other.’ Barthes doesn’t mean the 5 Love Languages (mine is Quality Time) but the actual language we use around love and what its linguistic qualities reveal. ‘The lover's discourse stifles the other, who finds no place for his own language beneath this massive utterance.’ As earlier the subject discovers they cannot ‘write myself’ without the other, he also bemoans the loss of loves language when love disintegrates. Language decays too: ‘Isn’t the most sensitive point of this mourning the fact that I must lose a language — the amorous language? No more ‘I love you’s.’ The phone won’t ring with your lovers name anymore. You won’t hear your own name from their voice–at least not affectionately. The language of love is intrinsically linked to the lovers identity and the linguistics unravel along with love. Barthes also comments too on how often the phrase ‘I love you’ can seem like a ‘blank and meaningless statement’ as a factor of how language can destroy language when the term cannot actually touch upon the actuality of love. ‘Love has two affirmations. First of all, when the lover encounters the other, there is an immediate affirmation (psychologically: dazzlement, enthusiasm, exaltation, mad projection of a fulfilled future: I am devoured by desire, the impulse to be happy): I say yes to everything (blinding myself). There follows a long tunnel: my first yes is riddled by doubts, love’s value is ceaselessly threatened by depreciation: this is the moment of melancholy passion, the rising of resentment and oblation. Yet I can emerge from this tunnel; I can ‘surmount,’ without liquidating; what I have affirmed a first time, I can once again affirm, without repeating it, for then what I affirm is the affirmation, not its contingency. I affirm the first encounter in its difference, I desire its return, not its repetition. I say to the other (old or new): Let us begin again.’ Roland Barthes A Lover’s Discourse is a dense yet endlessly readable and accessible work bursting with emotion and insight. It may open a lot of old wounds, but by reading it you may also address the past with fresh eyes and, guided by his philosophical musings, put bad memories to rest, accept them, or heal from it. A bit slow and ponderous, feeling at times like a textbook on love and at others like the most emotive poetry you can imagine, A Lover’s Discourse is at all times profound and a very worthwhile read. 4.5/5 ‘To be engulfed: outburst of annihilation which affects the amorous subject in despair or fulfillment. At its best, when it’s fulfillment, it’s a kind of disappearance at will. An easeful death. Death liberated from dying.’ ...more |
Notes are private!
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1
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Feb 25, 2025
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Feb 25, 2025
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Feb 25, 2025
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Paperback
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0292783760
| 9780292783768
| 0292783760
| 4.01
| 2,104
| 1928
| 1971
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really liked it
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Dangerous quests, brave heroes and heroines, violent villains, mystical helpers, talking animals and more all populate the worlds of folktales. Findin
Dangerous quests, brave heroes and heroines, violent villains, mystical helpers, talking animals and more all populate the worlds of folktales. Finding the academic literature on the subject to be wanting, Vladimir Propp’s groundbreaking 1928 work, Morphology of the Folktale, sets out to identify universal components of narrative functions in Russian folktales in order to better understand their purpose and open doors for deeper structural analysis of the tales. With aims to ‘present an investigation not only of the morphological, but also of the logical structure peculiar to the tale.' For the sake of sanity for this rather academic yet still mostly accessible book, I wrote two versions of the review: the short and the long (plus Star Wars) The Short Version (you are welcome) Propp looks at all the prior attempts to categorize folklore and is like “Can you believe this shit? This is ‘chaos’ and some dudes go around acting like a theme isn’t just a collection of motifs. It’s fuckin amateur hour up in here.” And then he creates 31 stages to show how a narrative arc can predictably play out based on the actions of 7 main character types. But then Levi-Strauss said “no way, sir, respectfully you must have a ‘paradaigmatic’ approach looking at the relationships between motifs and cultural implications” and Propp fired back “girl, are you even interested in empirical thought or nah?!” The End The Long Version Propp begins with a look at the history of classification, which is generally structured around a ‘division into tales with fantastic content, tales of everyday life, and animal tales.’ He looks at methodologies such as Wilhelm Wundt’s “folk psychology” with its seven divisions of categories or Alexander Volkov’s 10 divisions of themes to find that they are ‘actually chaos’ with contradictory or unclear divisions and that ‘the division of fairy tales according to themes is, in general, impossible.’ Which is an issue, he asserts, because ‘as long as no correct morphological study exists, there can be no correct historical study.’ He compares it to language and how we must understand parts of speech in order to understand how grouping words changes sentences (‘A living language is a concrete fact—grammar is its abstract substratum’) and ‘not a single concrete fact can be explained without the study of these abstract bases.’ So what is one to do? While not entirely onboard with the whole thing, Propp does find some hope in the Aarne-Thomspon Index as a ‘practical reference’ but warns that it is also ‘dangerous’ as it ‘suggests notions that are essentially incorrect.’ And while theme might be to broad and difficult for categorization, he finds inspiration in Alexander Veselovky’s study on theme as ‘a series of motifs,’ and that ‘a motif develops into a theme.’ It is here that he recognizes that his study ‘must be concerned not so much with themes as with motifs.’ But I’m getting away from the ideas of Propp here so lets talk about his system now. ‘Fairy tales begin with conflict because we all begin our lives with conflict.’ —Jack Zipes Propp developed 31 stages of narratemes, or narrative elements/units, that are defined by the actions of their characters as to how they shape the plot. These functions create a predictable pattern as to the narrative arc. It is a rather structuralist approach, one akin to Aristotle’s writings on narrative: ‘A beginning is that which is not itself necessarily after anything else, and which has naturally something else after it. An end is that which is naturally after something itself, either as its necessary or usual consequent, and with nothing else after it. And a middle, that which is by nature after one thing and has also another after it.’ Propp separates the 31 stages into 4 “spheres” that more of less constitute 4 acts of the story (in modern Western culture we usually think of it as 3 acts and the 4th sphere might give someone the idea of a movie that just will not wrap up cough cough Return of the King). So without further ado, here they are: 1st Sphere: Introduction Steps 1 to 7 introduces the problem and most of the major characters, scene and set things into motion 1. Absentation: Someone goes missing 2. Interdiction: Hero is warned 3. Violation of interdiction 4. Reconnaissance: Villain seeks something 5. Delivery: The villain gains information 6. Trickery: Villain attempts to deceive victim 7. Complicity: Unwitting helping of the enemy 2nd Sphere: Body of the story The hero decides what is needed and takes off on a quest 8. Villainy and lack: The need is identified 9. Mediation: Hero discovers the lack 10. Counteraction: Hero chooses positive action 11. Departure: Hero leave on mission 3rd Sphere: The Donor Sequence The hero searches for a solution and usually is aided by a ‘Donor’ character, often magical. Propp notes the story may complete at the end of the third sphere but not always. 12. Testing: Hero is challenged to prove heroic qualities 13. Reaction: Hero responds to test 14. Acquisition: Hero gains magical item 15. Guidance: Hero reaches destination 16. Struggle: Hero and villain do battle 17. Branding: Hero is branded 18. Victory: Villain is defeated 19. Resolution: Initial misfortune or lack is resolved 4th Sphere: The Hero’s return The optional last part of a story, the hero goes home and is welcomed/rewarded/married/etc. Roll credits 20. Return: Hero sets out for home 21. Pursuit: Hero is chased 22. Rescue: pursuit ends 23. Arrival: Hero arrives unrecognized 24. Claim: False hero makes unfounded claims 25. Task: Difficult task proposed to the hero 26. Solution: Task is resolved 27. Recognition: Hero is recognised 28. Exposure: False hero is exposed 29. Transfiguration: Hero is given a new appearance 30. Punishment: Villain is punished 31. Wedding: Hero marries and ascends the throne These 31 stages really shaped the idea of narrative structure. They have been altered and many others have attempted similar stages, such as Joseph Campbell. You have likely heard of his idea of the monomyth, the Hero’s Journey or his 17 stages of the arc. Propp did receive criticism for his work, such as from Claude Lévi-Strauss, though the two had very similar aims in their work. For instance, Lévi-Strauss came up with the concept of the “mytheme”—essentially units of narrative features to compare myths from around the world and cross-culturally—which has a similarity with Propp and he figured a primeval myth not unlike Propp’s assumption of a primeval fairytale. Propp’s look at surface structure of motifs, an approach considered ‘syntagmatic’, is in opposition to Lévi-Strauss’s ‘paradaigmatic’ approach with more of a look at the relationships between motifs and how the paradigms embedded in the text function. Propp has been criticized for a rigid structure that can overlook the variability of individual tales in their cultural context (though he does use this criticism in his introduction of other categorization attempts) and that his focus on written texts ignores the oral tradition. In response, Propp wrote that Lévi-Strauss had ‘no interest in empirical investigation.’ Propp also gave us a character analysis theory that classifies characters into 7 “types.” ‘Functions of character serve as stable, constant elements in a tale, independent of how and by whom they are fulfilled,’ he wrote and classifies them as such: Character Theory 1. the villain 2. the donor (provider) 3. the helper 4. the princess (or sought-for person) and her father 5. the dispatcher 6. the hero or victim 7. the false hero. We can look at it this way through the lens of Star Wars because I love me some Star Wars: The villain in A New Hope is obviously Darth Vader (bonus points if you shouted Grand Moff Tarkin though). The Donor, who is often magical, would be that crazy old wizard, Ben “Obi-Wan” Kenobi. The helper? You guessed it: Han Solo and Chewbacca. The Princess is easy: Princess Leia. The Dispatcher would be the person bringing information that usually starts the quest and we have R2-D2 bringing the Leia recording (but we can toss C-3P0 in there too so he’s not left out). The Hero? Luke Skywalker of course. The False Hero is a little tricky. They are someone who tries to take credit for the hero’s task, or marry the Princess anyways or seems like a hero at first but is not. Think Hans from Disney’s Frozen. Or think Lando Calrissian in The Empire Strikes Back. Sorry, Lando, you were one of my favorite action figures and I friggen love you in Return of the Jedi but you did drop Han into some carbonite and tried to seduce Leia. We get it, we all had a crush on Leia when we first saw that movie. But not cool, buddy, not cool. So I’m tired of writing now but I think you get the idea. Morphology of the Folktale is an older text with some issues, but it holds up and makes for some good base learning. Now go analyze some plots, I’m going to take a nap. ...more |
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The only thing I love more than celebrating the holidays is finding all the creepy and morbid aspects of them and celebrating it that way instead. Bec
The only thing I love more than celebrating the holidays is finding all the creepy and morbid aspects of them and celebrating it that way instead. Because why not make every holiday a bit more like Halloween? I also love me some love and while admittedly a bit of a romantic, there’s nothing like lovelorn agony to inspire some rather horrific misdeeds and demons and Tim Rayborn’s The Scary Book of Valentine’s Day Lore is the exact sort of thing I enjoy. Compiling the legends, lore, rituals, and winds us down ‘the darker alleys on the map of the heart’ this is a rather fun curio of a book brought to life with some rather eerie artwork. It makes for a perfect way to celebrate Valentine’s Day and get a few chills and thrills for the day. [image] Rayborn begins with a history of the day, such as the older tradition of Lupercalia, a fertility festival held in Ancient Rome on February 15th to ‘purify’ the city and inspire good fertility for the year. It was very sexually charged with plenty of nude goings on and being beaten by a priest was a sign you’d bear a good load of babies so…that’s a whole thing. Oh and there was also some goat sacrifices and feasting and more nudity so it does sound like one hell of a party. Lupercalia was held until sometime around the 5th century and Pope Gelasius I gave Saint Valentine his own fertility festival around the 14th century so any connection is tenuous at best but if you want to bring back some nude frolicking and feasting by all means don’t let me stop you. There are also multiple sources of legend for how St. Valentine came to be. Two tales involve a Valentinus convincing high-ranking Romans to convert to christianity and are thereby beheaded by Roman Emperor Claudius II while another cites his beheading came from providing secret marriages to Roman soldiers ( Claudius II outlawed soldiers from being married). Another legend is that Valentinus helped christians escape from Roman prisons. The true origin is as mysterious as the workings of the heart I suppose. [image] Rayborn also points out that Geoffrey Chaucer may have originated the association with romantic love from his 1375 poem The Parliment of Fowls in which he wrote ‘For this was on Seynt Valentynes day, when every foul / cometh ther to chese his mate’ [sic] and now we think of it as a cute day to give chocolates and have a romantic candlelight dinner with wine instead of thinking about decapitations. Feel free to bring up decapitations during your romantic candlelight dinner to honor the spirit of the day, let me know how that goes. [image] Of course the hook hand horror legend makes it into this book. Rayborn takes us on an interesting trip through old myths and legends around love. We have Greek myths such as Eros and Psyche or the ill-fated lovers Pyramus and Thisbe, for whom, the myth tells, the gods changed the color of mulberry fruits to honor their forbidden union after Pyramus committed suicide thinking Thisbe was eaten by a lion. Thisbe, finding her lover dead, followed him into death. It is a story immortalized by Ovid in Metamorphoses. There are other great tales from around the world of ghosts and gruesome happenings around failed love though one of the most memorable for me was Kuchisake-onna. A Japanese onryō or vengeful spirit, Kuchisake-onna roams the countryside looking for a person to mutilate after having her own face mutilated in life (legend is either by a jealous husband or a woman performing surgery on her that was jealous of her beauty). So watch out if you meet a mysterious woman at night… [image] Shes right behind you… I quite enjoyed the tales of murder and mayhem, from internet catfishing turned to murder to so many heartbreaks turning into hearts getting stopped. Or, more amusingly, is George Spencer Millet—dubbed “the boy killed by kisses”—who, upon turning 15 the day after Valentine’s Day was reported in the local newspaper to have ‘met death while fleeing from the kisses of frolicking stenographers’ at the insurance office he worked for (a reminder to stay in school I guess?). It wasn’t actually kisses that killed him but a ‘penetrating wound to the heart’ but hey, it makes a good story. ‘Love comprehends all things, and as you'll soon see, it makes folks do some pretty strange things. Such as sending a valentine to someone you hate. Stalk others who are in throes of passion and exact your murderous intentions upon them. Reassemble your one true love's body after it was brutally dismembered.’ As a big lover of lighthouses, I can’t resist a good lighthouse legend. Rayborn gives us Seguin Island lighthouse in Maine. It is a lighthouse where, in the late 1800s, a lighthouse keeper took an axe to their piano and then his wife because she only played one song over and over again. Those who visit the island claim that soft piano music can be heard from the lighthouse at night. Spooky. [image] I was also fascinated to learn about rituals such as ghost weddings starting back during the Han Dynasty in China to ensure the unmarried dead are not alone in the afterlife. Or that Valentine’s Day is banned in several countries who find it to have ‘corrupting influences,’ though it is also banned in Belgorod, Russia since 2011 with the deputy governor saying ‘they might as well also have a “Vodka Day”’ instead. While it is banned in Iran since 2011 due to its associations with Western culture, it is often replaced by Sepandārmazgān—’a celebration of friendship, love, and women’ where men produce gifts to women that dates back to the ancient Persian Empire. A fun little trip through the morbid and creepy, I quite enjoyed The Scary Book of Valentine’s Day Lore. So spice up your romance with some scary stories and see where that leads, I guess! 3.5/5 ...more |
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| Oct 24, 2023
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really liked it
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The first time I heard Bob Dylan I felt the melody spiral from the speakers and dive straight into my heart, wrapping it in guitar chords and forever
The first time I heard Bob Dylan I felt the melody spiral from the speakers and dive straight into my heart, wrapping it in guitar chords and forever enrapturing me with his music. Being shown Neil Young right alongside discovering Dylan, I immediately had my mother buy me a guitar and have been playing since I was 12 years old, always with a harmonica around my neck to be like my early hero. I cannot overstate the grip his first few albums had on me at an impressionable age or how much I just absorbed It’s All Over Now, Baby Blue into my personality as a teen. And so, having long looked at Bob Dylan: Mixing Up the Medicine on the shelves at the bookstore where I work, I finally had to break down and get it and let me tell you: worth every penny. This thing is a massive tome full of photos (many never before printed), Dylan’s original manuscripts and endless essays from a wonderfully wide variety of writers on a musician that, even if you don’t like him, you have to admit was incredibly influential to modern music history. ‘Some people say that I am a poet,’ Dylan wrote in the notes on the back of his album Bringing It All Back Home, and there is certainly poetry in his words and influences. Beyond musicians like his hero Woody Gutherie, Dylan has a lot of interesting background in poets like Dylan Thomas—from whom he nicked his stage name in place of Zimmerman—or even Ovid, signing lines from the old poet like ‘every nook and cranny has its tears’ on the song Ain’t Talking’. It would be his poetic sensibilities that eventually lead to him being named the winner of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature—the only musician to ever be awarded—an honor for which he gave zero fucks and has never even acknowledged. Which is the most Bob Dylan thing ever, lets be honest. It also pissed a lot of people off, not unlike his landmark album Highway 61 Revisited which shifted to an electric sound that rather notoriously upset a lot of people as is covered in the book—and penning classic hits like his landmark album Highway 61 Revisited. Moving to an electric sound—that rather notoriously upset a lot of people as is covered in the book Dylan Goes Electric!: Newport, Seeger, Dylan, and the Night That Split the Sixties(you can hear the crowd booing in this live performance of Like A Rolling Stone from the 1965 Newport Folk Festival). Still, what made Bob Dylan so special ‘was his words,’ as David Crosby (of Crosby, Stills & Nash) once said of him, ‘that’s what Bob stunned the world with. Up until then we had ‘oooh, baby’ and ‘I love you, baby.’ Bob changed the map. He gave us really, really good words.’ This book offers a glimpse into Dylan’s own notebooks and song lyric ideas, which is really cool to see. The whole thing is mostly a curio full of rare ephemera, but a rather well put together one that is undeniably really cool and really awesome to have. The book goes from his early beginnings through to his 2020 album Rough and Rowdy Ways. There are great essays on albums like Time Out of Mind which was full of songs Dylan referred to as ‘the dread realities of life,’ his double album Blonde on Blonde, which Dylan called ‘the closest I ever got to the sound I hear in my mind,’ the time he played at the March of Washington and the song The Times They Are A-Changin’ (‘I wanted to write a big song in a simple way’) and much, much more. It is a fun book, a collectors item for sure, but one you’ll want to flip through and read, not just display on your shelf. But then again I love Dylan so I may be biased but this was well worth it. ...more |
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it was amazing
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In a 1998 interview, Toni Morrison was asked by Charlie Rose asked when she would stop writing about race and Black culture. Unshaken by what was deli
In a 1998 interview, Toni Morrison was asked by Charlie Rose asked when she would stop writing about race and Black culture. Unshaken by what was delivered as a sort of provocation, Morrison eloquently replied ‘the person who asks that question doesn’t understand he is also raced.’ No matter the format, be it novels, essays, speeches, or interviews, Toni Morrison delivered with perfect poise, prose, and profundity that makes her more than deserving of the immortalization from the Nobel Prize in Literature and the legacy of her stories. Yet, as her response demonstrates, it was also her ability to craft a universal importance to all she did that makes her work so enduring and important. A white person is also raced, she reminds Rose, her novels being thought of as just being about Black culture were also novels about the soul of America, the scope of humanity. To engage with her works is to understand insights into a collective of the human race, our complicities and complexities. It is also what makes What Moves at the Margin such a breathtaking read. Bringing together a selection of essays, speeches and other nonfiction pieces, Morrison is as cerebral as she is accessible examining life, literature, family, history, politics and society at large. We are treated to a genius at work and a blissful variety of insights and ideas that serve as a wonderful testament to this giant in literature. ‘Language alone protects us from the scariness of things with no names. Language alone is meditation.’ Divided into three sections—Family & History, Writers & Writing, Politics & Society—Morrison demonstrates an impressive scope of intellect and emotional resonance. It is a staggering collection and, as Carolyn C. Denard writes in the introduction ‘what moves at the margin of Toni Morrison’s impressive body of fiction are the forces that shape her both as woman and as artist: truth, outrage, hope and love.’ Hope is certainly alive in these essays, hope to retain a history that has long been under attack and attempts of erasure by oppressive powers, and hope to build a brighter and more equitable and humane future. While I found the final segment to be the most enthralling, each essay here is an indispensable glimpse into the mind of this amazing writer. And even as she looks towards the future, Morrison draws from a long lineage of the past, the writers that have shaped her and the family and friends that helped her thrive because ‘when you kill the ancestor you kill yourself.’ It is a great lesson to bear in mind. ‘We die. That may be the meaning of life. But we do language. That may be the measure of our lives.’ There are some rather incredible pieces in this collection. Morrison moves through looks at various novels, such as her favorite book&mdashlCorregidora by Gayl Jones— and the writings of James Baldwin. ‘In your hands language was handsome again,’ she writes in James Baldwin: His Voice Remembered (read it HERE), ‘ In your hands we saw how it was meant to be: neither bloodless nor bloody, and yet alive.’ It is a beautiful testament to an incredible writer. ‘Those who saw the paucity of their own imagination in the two-way mirror you held up to them attacked the mirror, tried to reduce it to fragments which they could then rank and grade, tried to dismiss the shards where your image and theirs remained - locked but ready to soar. You are an artist after all and an artist is forbidden a career in this place; an artist is permitted only a commercial hit. But for thousands and thousands of those who embraced your text and who gave themselves permission to hear your language, by that very gesture they ennobled themselves, became unshrouded, civilized.’ There is a call for unity and positive action as a through-line for many of these essays. Even in the face of adversity or horror, as she addresses in her essay on 9/11. ‘We teach values by having them,’ she writes in her speech at Princeton in 2000, How Can Values Be Taught in the University, calling on universities—but also, all of us—to put into practice the good we want to see in the world. In FOr A Heroic Writers Movement, a speech given at a 1981 writers conference, she calls on writers to unite as a collective. ‘competitiveness and grief are the inevitable lot of a writer only when there is no organization or network to which he can turn,’ she explains, calling for a supportive network to advance creativity, intellectual insight and more. For Toni Morrison, we are all a part of ‘the human project,’ which is to 'remain human and to block the dehumanization and estrangement of others.’ These ideas are quite prominent in her fabulous Nobel Prize lecture (you can read and listen to it HERE) which consists of a parable about two children questioning a blind woman if the bird they are holding in their hands is alive or dead. It is less a trick and more a ‘gesture towards possibility,’ as she puts it, prompting both parties to try and push the other into conversation to examine the authenticity in each other. It is a rather lovely lecture, one that speaks on the importance of language and how ‘narrative is radical,’ she says, ‘creating us at the very moment it is being created.’ But how we create narrative, how we use language, is what matters. And how to use it effectively and productively. ‘Oppressive language does more than represent violence; it is violence,’ she teaches, it ‘does more than represent the limits of knowledge; it limits knowledge.’ An important lesson in the age of mass media where oppressive language tries to cower in a “just joking” or “he didn’t mean it literally” that occurs at a political level. We must call it out, because it is harmful. ‘Whether it is obscuring state language or the faux-language of mindless media; whether it is the proud but calcified language of the academy or the commodity driven language of science; whether it is the malign language of law-without-ethics, or language designed for the estrangement of minorities, hiding its racist plunder in its literary cheek – it must be rejected, altered and exposed. It is the language that drinks blood, laps vulnerabilities, tucks its fascist boots under crinolines of respectability and patriotism as it moves relentlessly toward the bottom line and the bottomed-out mind. Sexist language, racist language, theistic language – all are typical of the policing languages of mastery, and cannot, do not permit new knowledge or encourage the mutual exchange of ideas.’ It is a great point, particularly in a time in the United States when combatting misinformation or deplatforming abusers is being criticized as silencing free speech instead of acknowledging that, as Morrison teaches, oppressive language is the actual silencer and violence. Morrison, as always, delivers her message with beauty and grace. ‘Look. How lovely it is, this thing we have done – together.’ Toni Morrison was an incredible thinker and writer and What Moves at the Margin is an indispensable selection of her nonfiction work. A joy to read, both heady yet accessible and always engaging, this collection proves again and again why Morrison has left such a lasting legacy that will continue on into the future. A very worthwhile read. 5/5 ‘Tell us what the world has been to you in the dark places and in the light…Tell us what it is to be a woman so that we may know what it is to be a man. What moves at the margin. What it is to have no home in this place. To be set adrift from the one you knew. What it is to live at the edge of towns that cannot bear your company.’ ...more |
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really liked it
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The always inspiring Mahatma Gandhi once said ‘live as if you were to die tomorrow, learn as if you were to live forever,’ a great reminder to always
The always inspiring Mahatma Gandhi once said ‘live as if you were to die tomorrow, learn as if you were to live forever,’ a great reminder to always keep your mind active and learning. Especially in our ever changing world full of misinformation it is increasingly important to learn how to sort fact from fiction and identity when you are being manipulated. Like right now, because that quote from Gandhi—while often repeated and cited—is not actually something he said. Sorry for the confusion (I just wrote a blog on misinformation and fake quote for the library this month), but this is why Sander van der Linden’s book Foolproof: Why Misinformation Infects Our Minds and How to Build Immunity is such an important book to learn from as he dissects the issues of misinformation (and disinformation) in our world, why it is so infectious to the public, and ideas on how we can prevent and push back against it. Especially in our modern age of social media which is where your grandfather’s conspiracy theory memes go to multiple like rabbits, having at least a basic education in information literacy (and, more specifically, media literacy) can be so important. Sander van der Linden covers topics such as “prebunking” strategies, the common types of manipulation employed to spread misinformation and more. It makes for a fascinating and rather accessible read. Combatting misinformation is important to protect truth and to ensure health, safety and freedoms are protected for society, all the more important when the industry plant talking head of the US just spewed out a relatively unenforceable executive order bypassing democratic checks and balances which innacurately and unrealistically states that instances of ‘combatting “misinformation,” “disinformation,” and “malinformation,” infringed on the constitutionally protected speech rights of American citizens across the United States’ in an effort to curb online fact checking, these are skills we should all be thinking about while online. As a Professor of Social Psychology in Society at the University of Cambridge and the Director of the Cambridge Social Decision-Making Lab, Sander van der Linden has made understanding and educating about misinformation and the psychology of manipulation his livelihood. His more recent book, The Psychology of Misinformation, really gets into a more academic look at the psychology behind it but here he has offered a rather accessible overview on why it sticks and what we can do about it. With misinformation becoming a rather important topic during the pandemic in 2020, van der Linden couches the language here into looking at misinformation as a sort of ‘virus’ that infects the brain to manipulate ‘basic cognitive machinery.’ The good news, he writes, is that it can be countered with a ‘psychological vaccine” that ‘does not require any needles, just an open mind,’ and a toolkit of misinformation countering tactics. The book begins with some rather fascinating looks at how misinformation catches on and spreads. A major issue, he points out, is that ‘where factual scientific information is full of caveats, misinformation and conspiracy theories operate in certainties.’ Basically, misinformation is certain and simple whereas the truth requires a little bit of brainpower. Thats why memes are so effective–they are easy to understand, easy to share, and tend to employ manipulative tactics that make them catch on such as humor or emotional resonance whereas science tends to be…fairly low energy on the excitement scale. Misinformation catches on due to issues of filter bubbles, preconceived biases, cherry picking for points that agree with you, distrust of authority or opposing arguments, and many other cognitive issues and most disinformation employs some of these common manipulation tricks: emotional language, false dichotomy, cherry picking info, fake experts, red herrings, scapegoating, ad hominem attacks, polarization, impersonation, slippery slope fallacies, and basically any other rhetorical fallacies. As someone that likes to make learning fun, here is a QUIZ to see if you can spot the correct manipulation technique. Sander van der Linden and his team also developed an online game called Bad News where you practice writing misinformation social media posts to see what makes you gain the most traction. The game was used for research and found the game helped people recognize common disinformation tactics and were more readily able to identify it when they come across it in real life. You can play it HERE. This book is also full of a lot of interesting studies, such as a lot of looks at a 2021 Yougov survey with topics like percentage of people who think a secret group is running the world or how 75% of Trump voters ‘continue to believe that the 2020 elected was rigged’ even after their arguments for it were disproved. But why do people continue to believe things despite a lack of evidence, van der Linden asks us, and many conspiracy theories require an almost impossible level of complicity in people with no reason to stay silent (an example used is that 400,000 NASA employees would have had to be ‘complicit in the conspiracy’ if the moon landing was fake). We have aspects of confirmation bias discussed but also some wild studies on how false memories can be instilled, such as my personal favorite, The Bugs Bunny study: ‘[Researchers] exposed people to a fake Disneyland pamphlet entitled, 'It's time to remember the magic? The point was to activate childhood memories of a visit to Disney-land. However, there was something odd about the pamphlet: it featured a message from Bugs Bunny - a Warner Brothers cartoon character that couldn't possibly have been present at Disneyland. After exposure to the ad, about 25 to 35 percent of participants claimed to have met Bugs Bunny at Disneyland. People offered up specific details too; about 60 per cent of those who claimed to have met Bugs remembered they hugged him, and one individual even recalled Bugs holding a carrot.’ From aspects like this, van der Linden gets into his Six Degrees of Manipulation and educates on how to spot misinformation as well as what to do about it. A big key is information literacy. The American Library Association defines information literacy as a set of abilities that require a person to ‘recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information.’ This goes hand in hand with media literacy, or the ability to critically analyze stories presented in the mass media and to determine their accuracy or credibility. You can read more in depth on how to identify misinformation HERE, but the basics of vetting information are: 1. Identify Who Provided The Information 2. Acknowledge Any Potential Bias 3. Check the Purpose of the Information 4. Verify Citations and References “Prebunking” becomes a major topic at the end, which is essentially learning to stop misinformation instead of trying to disprove it. The issues in 2020 showed that effective disinformation communities are participatory and networked, while quality information distribution mechanisms tend to be less “sticky” and often dismissed as elitist or a “I’m not going to read all that” type of information. But identifying misinformation and NOT sharing it is a good way to combat it, especially when research shows that trying to debunk information reaches less people and is less convincing than stopping it in the first place. [image] Image source: World Health Organization Prebunking also requires centering the truth. Often the news will say “so and so said: [insert bonkers statement]” and then go about picking it apart in a way that regrettably seems like validating anyone who might agree with it by not just dismissing it outright. Prebunking would have you lead with the truth and then point out how a statement that disagrees with it is wrong and framing it as such instead of giving any opportunity for it to be taken seriously. There are three main types of prebunks: 1. fact-based: correcting a specific false claim or narrative 2. logic-based: explaining tactics used to manipulate 3. source-based: pointing out bad sources of information With prebunking, research has certainly shown that giving people the tools to identify misinformation is the most successful way at preventing it and, in the rather medical terminology used in this book, prevention is a more effective way to combat misinformation than any sort of "cure" for it. While Foolproof can feel academic at times, it is actually rather accessible and fun to read. It makes for an excellent look at misinformation and strategies to combat it and does so in a very engaging and productive manner. For those who tend to want to avoid politics, this book remains relatively to the subject of misinformation and doesn’t get very much into divisions by political parties in a way that would make it easy to recommend to virtually anyone (there are some political aspects, but it is far more subdued than most books on the subject). I really enjoyed this and for all the books on misinformation I’ve been reading for my committee assignment at the library, this has so far been my favorite and the one I would find most useful to the general public. 4.5/5 ...more |
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1427871361
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| Feb 18, 2021
| Feb 28, 2023
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really liked it
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On March 11, 2011, Japan was struck by The Great East Japan Earthquake, the strongest to ever hit Japan and the 4th largest in recorded history. The e
On March 11, 2011, Japan was struck by The Great East Japan Earthquake, the strongest to ever hit Japan and the 4th largest in recorded history. The earthquake triggered a massive tsunami causing mass destruction and death, yet this tragic incident was later followed by a nuclear disaster when a meltdown at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant led to mass evacuations during an already chaotic time. Amongst those living in the area was Naoto Matsumura who managed to get him family to safety but would return home despite the radiated region being off limits in order to protect the animals there. Setting his story to art and narrative, Guardian of Fukushima from Fabien Grolleau and illustrator Ewen Blain tells Naoto’s heroic tale. Using myths and legends to frame the disaster in order to keep his young son at ease and braving the No Mans Land, the story of his brave rescue mission is brought to mythical proportions with Ewen Blain blurring the line between legend and reality in the artwork for a rather engaging story of hope and courage during a dark moment in history. A quick read and winner of a Junior Library Guild award (it is aimed for a middle grade audience but could be enjoyed by any age) with plenty to enjoy and learn about this animal rescuer turned public figure calling for accountability for the disaster and a move away from nuclear power. [image] Born in 1959, Naoto Matsumura lives in Tomioka, a small town in Fukushima and 6 miles from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. He is the sole resident of the area, a No Mans Land, where he is exposed to radiation every day but, at 55, he says he’ll ‘probably be dead anyways’ and remains at his Ranch of Hope–a care center for animals. [image] Naoto Matsumura I really enjoyed the way this graphic novel blends history with Japanese folklore, both in the telling with Naoto explaining events as results of gods like Namazu the giant catfish who causes earthquakes when he shakes his tail, as well as visual depictions that bring the legends to life amidst the disaster. [image] His story is framed around his telling of Urashima Tarō, a legend about a man rescuing a sea turtle who turns out to be the daughter of the King of the sea and the smoke and various destructions from the power plant are depicted as Aka shita, a dangerous spirit who takes the form of a storm cloud. It really brings this story to life is a fun way. [image] I really enjoyed the bright colored artwork here that tends to be framed as long shots in order to emphasize the land with the people small within it to remind us that we are all part of the land and our suffering is shared. But also our beauty when people such as this rise to the occasion. [image] One can certainly see the heroism here as he defies authorities in order to protect the animals left behind on his farm, and while there is a lot of tragedy (and depictions of animals who have died or are harmed by the radiation) there is also a lot of hope. And even in the tragedy, such as the animals suffering from the blast, it is depicted with Naoto seeing the animals not for the death and decay but as mythical beasts in need of his protection and it is rather uplifting in that way. [image] It is a quick story that covers a lot of ground in just over 100 pages and is just as engaging and accessible for children, teens and adults. Naoto continues to live in the region and protect the animals while also speaking out against authorities for what he say was a mishandling of the situation (he once worked in that very power plant) as well as calling for an end of nuclear power, saying that ‘nuclear power is the most risky and dangerous energy source.’ I quite enjoyed Guardian of Fukushima and hope you will too. 4/5 [image] ‘I'm full of rage. That's why I'm still here. I refuse to leave and let go of this anger and grief. I weep when I see my hometown. The government and the people in Tokyo don't know what's really happening here. We must decontaminate this area or this city will die. I'll stay here to make sure that this is done and because I want to die in my hometown.’ -Naoto Matsumura in an interview with CNN ...more |
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Jan 21, 2025
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Jan 21, 2025
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Jan 21, 2025
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141972911X
| 9781419729119
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| Mar 27, 2018
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really liked it
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A book of the sort of weird stories that are fun to bring up at parties. Or the stories your weird uncle brings up at parties because he believes them
A book of the sort of weird stories that are fun to bring up at parties. Or the stories your weird uncle brings up at parties because he believes them. Do you have a favorite wild conspiracy theory? Personally I get laughs from the theories that the Earth was sucked into a black hole created by the Large Hadron Collider in 2012 or that Avril Lavigne is actually dead or the Avril Lavigne replacement theory revving the old “Paul is dead” conspiracy theory from the Beatles era. That said, it’s actually rather sad that people have to spend serious time discrediting such theories while others have discovered that you can easily market false information to manipulate the masses and its no longer something fairly silly and innocuous like aliens built the pyramids but dangerous and ordinary people getting death threats over absurd ideas that make conspiracy theorists of old sound reasonable by comparison. Many have warned we are living in a post-truth society where objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than marketable appeals to emotion and personal belief and the internet is a breeding ground for conspiracy theories, fake quotes, hoaxes, mis/disinformation and more. Approaching a serious topic in a fun yet informative way is Rex Sorgatz’s The Encyclopedia of Misinformation cataloguing a human history of false history, pranks, conspiracies and the people who fall for them, create them or perpetuate them. With a rather impressive scope going all the way back to Ancient Greece for some entries—though mostly focusing on recent history—these alphabetically arranged encyclopedia-style entries are a fascinating read. We have hoaxes like the Bonsai Kitten or the Cardiff Giant, or the Piltdown Man; prankster groups like Operation Mindfuck spreading absurd conspiracy theories; The War of the Worlds broadcast; internet gags and a whole slew of bad information purported as truth. While there are better books out there on misinformation and how to deal with or identify it, this is a fun compendium that taught me a lot of things and is sure to send you down a rabbit hole of internet searches looking up some of the more wild stories (just check your sources so you don’t end up on a snipe hunt–also an entry in here). ‘Our inherent cognitive biases make us ripe for manipulation and exploitation by those who have an agenda to push, especially if they can discredit all other sources of information.’ Lee McIntyre, Post-Truth I’m currently on a library committee around ideas of misinformation and was eager to check this book out as part of my learning (and then finding ways to do programming, library blogs and other educational opportunities around misinformation). While books like Foolproof: Why Misinformation Infects Our Minds and How to Build Immunity offer more insight into how misinformation works and books like Attack From Within or On Disinformation: How to Fight for Truth and Protect Democracy get into the legal difficulties around combatting mis/disinformation, this is more of a fun approach that collects wild stories. As a former marketing major that finds marketing to be pretty evil but fascinating, I loved learning about things like the Great Moon Hoax of 1835 where the New York newspaper The Sun published a series of articles about life found on the moon (bisons, unicorns and bat-winged humans) to sell more newspapers. [image] artist rendition of moon life published in The Sun It was intended as a farce of course, but still, people fell for it. Similarly there is an entry on the lonelygirl15 youtube series that was passed off as real until people started to find the story too convenient (there are entries for other “found footage” films like the 1980 Italian film Cannibal Holocaust or The Blair Witch Project and how those fooled some audiences). Theres a lot of fun in here, such as the entry on Mondegreens—commonly misheard lyrics—with a list of common examples from popular music and while it does list a Taylor Swift song its not the one I misheard because for a solid year I thought she was singing “the bakers gonna bake bake bake” instead of “fakers gonna fake” and truthfully, I prefer my version of some happy bakers happily baking through her struggles all c'est la vie about it. Alas. There are even more jokey examples of things from tv that worked themselves into popular internet lexicon, such as the Chewbacca Defense from an episode of South Park which, as Sorgatz writes, becomes shorthand for ‘a mix of prevaricating filibuster, lunatic troll logic, semantic nitpicking, derailing smoke screens, and vituperative shouting’ as a way to win an argument. This isn’t misinformation, per say, but it is a valuable lesson in how society will choose to declare someone a winner in an argument regardless of validity. Look at how often social media arguments break down into whomever got the best, funny insult in gets applauded and facts become secondary. It is interesting to think how, like the Chewbacca Defense, little memes and such often become cultural topics or integrated into the cultural lexicon, such as reactionary doomcasting leading to new terms like the Tamagotchi effect to describe the emotional attachment with machines, robots or software agents. In a way, the internet has created its own mythology and folklore. Hear me out now. Folklore is essentially cultural indicators on how a group or society maintains and passes on a shared way of life. The internet and especially internet hoaxes have brought so many things into common knowledge that are cultural artifacts, such as Slenderman or Momo being recognizable figures or internet cryptids not unlike Big Foot or the Loch Ness Monster, and there was even a narrative such as Momo forcing you to complete tasks or die that is something straight out of folklore. So, sure, misinformation, but it is fascinating to consider. The Encyclopedia of Misinformation takes a rather troublesome topic and manages to make it as fun as it is informative. Definitely worth picking through, there is lots to learn! 3.5/5 ...more |
Notes are private!
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Jan 13, 2025
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Jan 13, 2025
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Jan 13, 2025
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Hardcover
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164421413X
| 9781644214138
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| 3.91
| 1,417
| 2005
| Oct 01, 2024
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really liked it
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‘Every photo is metaphysical.’ In the works of Nobel Prize winner Annie Ernaux, memory is like a craft drawer from which she assembles brilliant creati ‘Every photo is metaphysical.’ In the works of Nobel Prize winner Annie Ernaux, memory is like a craft drawer from which she assembles brilliant creations of introspective beauty. Having long explored the possibilities of language in constructing memory into narratives, Ernaux turned to the use of photography during her affair with photographer Marc Marie to capture space and time to unlock their emotional resonance. The Use of Photography compiles the photographs they took of their living space following each time they made love, framing the clothing strewn about the room, with a brief essay from each of them following the photographs in order to dive deeper into the memory of the experience and the implications of the artistic process. While the project occurred during Ernaux’s battle with cancer, she finds it becomes as method of proclaiming ‘I’m mortal and I’m alive,’ and discussions on the ephemerality of life and relationships commingle with the insights into fleeting moments and eroticism. A brief book that is saved from being a mere curio of Ernaux and Marie’s art project by Ernaux’s signature exquisite prose in service of memory examination—Marc Marie does fine in his sections but it doesn’t hold up to Ernaux’s writing—and The Use of Photography is a lovely look into the mind and life of the great writer. [image] ‘Whether through photographs, or writing, we strove each time to give greater reality to moments of pleasure that were fleeting and impossible to represent. To capture the unreality of sex in the reality of what it leaves behind. The highest degree of reality, however, will only be attained if these written photos are transformed into other scenes in the reader’s memory or imagination.’ Ernaux has a gift of ushering the reader into memories and allowing us to be awash in the torrential emotional resonance she unearths within them. The Use of Photography finds its footing best in Ernaux’s examinations of how different mediums, like photography, writing and even music, serve different functions of access to moments and memory. In the photos, all taken after the pair had made love, she finds the objects in the photo have ‘ taken on material form and at the same time been transfigured, as if it now existed elsewhere, in a mysterious space,’ that, without outside context, depicts something that could feel in the image far different than the moment itself. ‘It’s my imagination that deciphers the photo, not my memory,’ she finds in the incongruence between image and her remembrance of the moment. A photo of Marc’s boot on her bra gives an image of male dominance, she writes, that was untrue about the actual moment or how she notices ‘something menacing about the life that emerges from clothes that have fallen in human postures.’ It is a snapshot that she cannot control like with writing. ‘I took a photo of the whole thing,’ she writes, ‘perhaps to give myself the illusion of capturing a whole. All of our story. But it’s not there.’ She finds this different than writing which ‘brings to life and shapes’ memory but also provides a narrative that captures a passage of time whereas ‘Photos cannot capture a span of time. They lock you into the moment.’ ‘I want words to be like stains you cannot tear yourself away from.’ I enjoyed the brief moments where she compares this to music while reflecting on how the songs they listened to in that time—such as FIona Apple’s I Know, Elton John’s Tonight or Chistina Aguilera’s The Voice Within—’will always be linked to M., as others are to other men for me, and to other women, for him. We should be wildly jealous of songs.’ She discusses how music transports us to ‘a period of time’ in ways different from photos: ‘A song is expansion into the past, a photo is finitude. A song is the happy sensation of time, a photo its tragic side. I’ve often thought that one’s whole life story could be told just with songs and photos.’ I really enjoyed the reflections on how ideas and memories can be contained in objects too, such as ‘among the many beliefs that I do not wish to part with is that houses retain the memory of everything that has happened inside them.’ There is also how a memory can be held in tandem with global events going on, with Ernaux musing on how she wrote in her diary that she was happy due to her love with Marc while outside she could hear the anti-Iraq war protests going on–the wedding of personal with the political and global is often well explored in her work. In his section, Marc reflects on ‘The horror at the other end of our love, as if the outside world had always to be there, beyond the kitchen window.’ This book itself, in turn, holds the memories of their relationship. ‘Every man I’ve been involved with seems to have brought me some kind of revelation, different each time,’ she reflects back, adding ‘I still don’t know what revelation M. was supposed to offer me.’ There is a sense of searching for that meaning in both their pieces, though Ernaux also wonders ‘does writing separate or unite?’ There is a sadness too, knowing these photographs capture happy moments but also that it was another narrative wave of life that broke and the two drifted towards different shores. [image] Annie Ernaux and Marc Marie ‘These photos, in which the bodies are absent,’ Ernaux writes, ‘were a reminder of my possible, permanent absence.’ She tells us in the introduction that ‘when we started to take these photographs, I was undergoing treatment for breast cancer,’ and reflections on this begin to accrue in each mini essay. It is ‘as if writing about the photos authorized me to write about the cancer, she observes, ‘as if there was a link between the two.’ Ernaux discusses how the sense of permanence in photos conflicts with her trepidation over her own impermanence and growing resistance to anything around conservation or order (like doing household chores). She finds this looming impermanence, however, to be a critical source for art, and while often her fleeting affairs dominated her other works, it is a fleeting sense of life that casts a long shadow over the writing here: ‘I now realize that the only thing that can justify scientific and philosophical endeavor, and art, is not knowing what nothingness is. And if the shadow of nothingness, in one form or another, does not hover over writing, even of a kind most acquiescent to the beauty of the world, it doesn’t really contain anything of use to the living.’ Theres something I found almost tragic here, however, that at first it seems like Marc ‘makes me live above cancer’ and the two really uphold each other. There is a vulnerability in setting out into the project together that is really endearing and likely familiar to those who have created art with others: ‘I feel there’s nothing we could do together that would be better than this, an act of writing at once united and disjointed. Sometimes it also frightens me. To open up your writing space is more violent than to open up your sex.’ However, as her treatment comes to an end, it seems that so too does their relationship and the project as well. ‘Taking the photo is no longer the last thing we do,’ she writes, ‘it’s part of our writing process. A form of innocence has been lost.’ It becomes work, they become more like coworkers, in the relief of her treatment there is also the deflation of the relationship and the reminiscing on bygone moments took on a more somber tone for me. ‘Our meeting may have been improbable, but that we endured was equally so. Often, especially on long walks along the beach…I think about the fact that neither she nor I should be there. I look at the woman walking next to me, this laughing woman, so alive, whose birth was contingent on the death of her sister, and whose life, for a time, hung by a thread. It’s a strange feeling. Like being weightless ghosts, accidental spectators.’ I am always delighted to dive into the mind of Annie Ernaux and was quite pleased to see her with a more experimental approach here in The Use of Photography. Ernaux’s sections certainly take center stage and not because Marc Marie isn’t a good writer its just that Ernaux is so effortlessly brilliant it is like hearing someone play a decent chord progression on an old guitar compared to a full orchestration backed by a choir of angels. She’s the Nobel laureate for a reason. While this book is likely most rewarding to Ernaux enthusiasts and has less about photography as it does about memoir itself, this was a nice little read and great way to kick off a new year. 3.5/5 ...more |
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Jan 02, 2025
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Jan 02, 2025
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Jan 02, 2025
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Paperback
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177196510X
| 9781771965101
| 177196510X
| 3.79
| 178
| unknown
| Nov 15, 2022
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liked it
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While awash in Golden Age nostalgia, Jason Guriel’s On Browsing did remind me how much I do find comfort in simply browsing shelves. Bookstores in par
While awash in Golden Age nostalgia, Jason Guriel’s On Browsing did remind me how much I do find comfort in simply browsing shelves. Bookstores in particular give me a sense of calm and joy. Sure, I spend all day working both a library and bookstore, but there is something peacefully pleasant in seeing the variations in collections, seeing what books get highlighted, being lost in a sea of words where nobody is going to ask me any questions. And I don’t even have to want to buy anything (though, lets be honest, I likely will). I had a moment recently where I was in a state of grief and the next thing I knew I had driven myself to the Barnes and Noble I used to work for and centered myself in the stacks (I ended up with a copy of Philippe Besson's Lie With Me which I hope to start soon). But what Guriel’s brief treatise on browsing points out is that ‘apparently, there are droves of us who miss the tactile pleasure of combing through physical matter, of hefting books, of standing at a bin and clacking CDs like dominoes.’ A quick read, and while it does occasionally veer towards an over-sentimental romanticization of a physical media age that feels like your uncle ranting about “kids these days,” it still does so in an earnest and heartfelt attempt to consider how the transition from what he calls the "Age of Browsing" to the "Age of Scrolling" has cultural implications and alters our engagement with media. For better or for worse. With a poetic wit and full of social insights, On Browsing was an interesting and engaging trip through media nostalgia. ‘How often serendipity saw to our needs back when we wandered the world without a data plan.’ This was an interesting book to consider and write about as I sit here in the hours before the new year comes creeping in. Change is something that certainly weighs on the mind on a day like this and as someone that often struggles with change, I also have a real appreciation for resilience in the face of change. Not that Guriel adopts a doomsday tone, however, as he chronicles the shrinking access of not only physical media but also physical spaces one can be without having to pay. Like Taylor Swift sings in >Coney Island—‘we were like the mall before the internet / It was the one place to be,’—the mall was a place one could simply exist, especially teens, and as malls close down and retail spaces discourage loitering, this sort of lounging around browsing with friends is vanishing too. I recall people warning of the loss of physical media and in recent years we’ve seen finished tv series or movies deleted with no way to access them and Guriel mourns this loss where the internet isn’t always forever. ‘Many albums and movies can’t be streamed and lie stranded in physical formats, in the tar pit of the past. Hyperlinks to pieces I wrote only a few years ago have already rotted like rope bridges.’ But the biggest focus here is the alterations in the way we find and consume media and what that says about society. He starts by looking at how, in Victorian England, browsing was a way for women to go out, saying they were shopping, and roam the city unchaperoned as a liberating experience. And now instead of browsing windows, we scroll phones, something he argues became even more entrenched as a societal norm due to the COVID-19 pandemic when going out wasn’t available. When he has lines like ‘We scroll to avoid being alone with ourselves, but we scroll, finally, because our devices have trained us to,’ I wish there was some time spent acknowledging that internet browsing and shipping can be more than just a choice to prefer phones than going out and lack of access to stores or mobility issues, for starters, are reasons that have made this a necessity as well. Though he isn’t wrong when he notes that smartphones ‘were browsing us’ and building data sets for profit. Though, ironically considering the nostalgia of this book, nostalgia is a very profitable marketing tool. ‘To browse is to act and be acted on: to exercise one’s taste while submitting to the authority of others.’ Guriel looks at stores such as the record shops of old as a place where one could travel and return with some new gem they had not heard of before. ‘Unlike algorithms,’ he writes, ‘carbon-based clerks didn’t necessarily care about your preferences, because they knew what was good for you.’ Of course he adds some well placed references here to the film High Fidelity (based on the novel of the same name by Nick Hornby), but it makes a good point on how, without someone like the cool record store clerk you look up to pointing you towards new music, it can be difficult to wade through the limitless ocean of music online. ‘Choice can be oppressive, and the lack of it, liberating,’ he posits. There have been numerous articles about this in recent years arguing ‘the record store staff become tastemakers who can guide buyers through the maze of obscure releases in ways no algorithms can,’ and what seems to be a throughline is that the interaction with the clerk, the journey to the store, the risk of purchasing unheard, handling the physical album from reading the liner notes to putting it in your player all amalgamated to an “experience” that cannot be replicated by pushing play on a phone. Many have argued against this, that music is still music and the external experience is simply subjective nostalgia to have something to bemoan, but Guriel points to what he calls ‘wind resistance’ that made the cultivation of knowledge and taste more rewarding. ‘It took effort to cultivate our enthusiasms in a desert, but it’s clear now that we took the desert’s role for granted. Knowledge tends to stick when you’ve toiled for it.’ He also discusses how, without physical media, there is less a sense of ownership, less an external identity from possession of it, and that its so easy on phones to only listen to the one song you want on an album and ignore the rest whereas ownership made you listen all the way multiple times. ‘Knowledge tends to stick when you’ve toiled for it,’ he argues. ’the Age of Browsing encouraged second chances. Owning physical media forced you to reckon with it, to rewatch it, to appreciate it. (Maybe you sometimes tried too hard to appreciate something, but there are worse sins.) We steeped ourselves in stuff, and the stuff would start to sink in. Art has always required second—and third and fourth—chances to saturate the mind.’ There are albums I certainly grew to love where the first few listens were just okay but after a week or two it sank in and Guriel wonders if that still exists with digital media. He also turns to the book industry and how owning a physical copy, having it on your shelf, is another mark of pride and collection curation. Sure, this can be used as a replacement for identity and some people just don’t care to own stuff (theres whole movements against letting your things own you, for instance), but it is an interesting idea to consider. As someone who loves to have my own books, I get it. On the idea of returning to the same media again, he points to a statement by poet Seamus Heaney that to have a single poem committed to memory and returned to, it makes life better and is a ‘devotion’ to art. To this he adds: ‘To dwell on a single poem, to the exclusion of others, isn’t just okay; it’s a function of devotion. To cling to a work of art—to revisit it, to steep yourself in it—is to approach the state of prayer. It’s to open your mind to the possibility of being tinted. Of being transformed. Streaming platforms, on the other hand, flood the mind. They set it afloat and bear it away—on to the next novelty. They promise abundance but deliver a deluge.’ Still, sometimes this book begins to feel very much golden age nostalgia that only looks to what is perceived as the negatives of change and romanticizes the past. Society is different, many don’t have the time to go browse or the access to it, but he does admit ‘perhaps I’m merely mourning the loss of a paradigm because it happened to be the one I grew up in,’ so its not not self aware at least. Furthermore, I did enjoy how many of his book and music references align with my own from the time I was a high school browser. On Browsing was a fun little read with lots of little thoughts to think as we push forward into a digital age and look back on a past when physical media ruled the day. 3.5/5 ...more |
Notes are private!
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Dec 31, 2024
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Dec 31, 2024
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Dec 31, 2024
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1250286220
| 9781250286222
| 1250286220
| 4.18
| 749
| Aug 06, 2024
| Aug 06, 2024
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really liked it
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The rise of social media, AI, and other tech have us all living through social changes and paradigm shifts, many of which we won’t even recognize unti
The rise of social media, AI, and other tech have us all living through social changes and paradigm shifts, many of which we won’t even recognize until it is analyzed in hindsight. Having formerly worked in the beauty industry until she could no longer rationalize her moral beliefs with the work she was asked to do, Ellen Atlanta now speaks out about the negative social influences on young girls and women due to the industry. Pixel Flesh: How Toxic Beauty Culture Affects Women is an erudite examination of how social media perpetuates harm and oppressive beauty standards and is an important read for anyone, not just young women. ‘Beauty is capital,’ Tavi Gevinson once wrote, ‘and grows in value based only on the exclusion of others,’ and through Atlanta’s investigations in Pixel Flesh we see how this sort of exclusionary capital is piling harm upon all those it touches. Through a blend of personal narrative, industry research, and alarming anecdotes on social media influencers and the corporations who love them, Atlanta takes a sharp look at how even as we recognize and criticize toxic beauty standards and industries who push them for profit, society still often falls in line and upholds them. It is an alarming book and although Atlanta admits these cycles of oppression are difficult to break, Pixel Flesh is ultimately as empowering as it is interesting. ‘The more beautiful you are, the more beautiful you must become, the more the standard intensifies.’ Having grown up during the boom of social media, Ellen Atlanta recalls firsthand how quickly the internet culture shifted. For people such as those of Gen Z, she examines how they were raised ‘in a social experiment on stacks of images and endless scrolls of self-comparison,’ citing a study that shows in the 2010s ‘rates of depression, anxiety, and self-injury in adolescent girls surged in line with the rise in social media.’ She describes a sort of ‘self gaslighting’ as posting on social media became ‘a space for slicing, for offering the best bits for the feed’ in a way that almost became competitive. ‘Their pursuit of beauty means lifting, shaping, dieting, dyeing, injecting, slicing, scarring, painting, curling, padding, cutting, starving, concealing and revealing. When women are already socially conditioned to compete with one another, narrowing the ideal only makes the competition more fierce. In one study, 80 percent of women interviewed said that they competed with other women over physical appearance.’ This harm to self-image is what began to really bother Atlanta. Her ‘villain origin story,’ as she likes to put it, began when she was working as a consultant in the beauty industry for ‘a company extolling empowerment and self-love whilst profiting from the ever-higher expectations of women’s bodies,’ a company that, as she explains in an interview for 10Magazine, ‘essentially allowed you to buy new facial features – new lips, a new forehead, a new nose.’ The moral issues piled up, especially noting that the past decade has seen a 70% increase in demand for cosmetic procedures. ‘I couldn’t reconcile promoting those treatments to young women with my feminism, I was fighting in my head with how I could be a part of the industry in a positive way – how I could wrestle my beliefs with my complicity and my future in the industry. Ultimately, I decided to quit my job.’ Her insight into the industry, however, gives a lot of weight and context to this book that I found as interesting as it was important. Working with Kylie Jenner, for instance, or seeing the studies around body-image associated with social media and corporations knowingly capitalizing on that, what she terms the ‘commercialization of insecurity.’ The way beauty is portrayed in the media, she argues, does a lot to set a social standard that has historically either erased or fetishized marginalized bodies and beauty products have begun to target younger and younger audiences. Particularly through tiktok. With AI, social media influencers are able to further edit their image to the extent that, as Atlanta describes, they often don’t recognize each other when meeting in person. There is a cost to this beauty, Atlanta describes, and it puts women at a disadvantage both in terms of time and finances. As is noted by Renee Engeln in her work Beauty Sick: How the Cultural Obsession with Appearance Hurts Girls and Women, ‘We don’t consider the gender gap in time and money spent on beauty...but time and money matter. They’re essential sources of power and influence and also major sources of freedom.’ While men also can face issues over body image and meeting standards of socially coached “attractiveness,” it is far more prevalent and costly for women. What Atlanta calls a ‘beauty tax.’ This can often have intersections with race and further affect marginalized women or women presenting individuals. Hair for instance ‘Our idea of femininity is intricately braided into our perception of hair,’ she writes, noting how hair is also a large cultural aspect of Black identities or that, because beauty tends to be centered on Western ideologies, this can further marginalize others. ‘From birth we are conditioned to understand that to be beautiful is to be loved, to be special, to be good.’ Not only can beauty standards be harmful to self-confidence but as philosopher Kate Manne describes in her Unshrinking, beauty standards are weaponized to degrade women. It is policing of women’s bodies in a way that upholds patriarchy and one one hand sexualizes women in order to objectify them while on the other shames them for being sexual. In her book My Body, Emily Ratajkowski describes firsthand how the power offered by beauty inevitably is a false power that allows me to retain cultural control: ‘In my early twenties, it had never occurred to me that the women who gained their power from beauty were indebted to the men whose desire granted them that power in the first place. Those men were the ones in control, not the women the world fawned over.’ In the chapter The Witches of Cycberspace, Atlanta looks at the way this can turn frightening very fast, with men demanding women uphold beauty standards to the point of harassment or threats of violence, while also dehumanizing women for being sexual and wishing violence on them as well. It is an issue only getting worse, especially for young girls. ‘According to the 2023 Girlguiding report, 81% of girls and young women aged eleven to twenty-one have experienced some form of threatening or upsetting behavior online, compared to 65% in 2018.’ But there are plenty other aspects that beauty standards are harmful to as well, such as the anti-aging skincare that only further makes aging held against women. Something I appreciated about this book were the ways it moved through a variety of social angles to try and paint a larger, overall portrait. 'Beauty is not good capital. It compounds the oppression of gender. It constrains those who identify as women against their will. It costs money and demands money. It colonizes. It hurts. It is painful. It can never be fully satisfied. It is not useful for human flourishing. Beauty is, like all capital, merely valuable.' — Tressie McMillan Cottom, Thick: And Other Essays: I’d like to give a big thank you to Sarah and her review (read it HERE) for prompting me to read this one and it was a perfect book to read for one of my library committees dealing with AI and online issues. Pixel Flesh does a good job of looking at the effects of social media-influenced beauty standards and giving a stern warning at the issues arising. While it also acknowledges these are difficult to change, it is encouraging to see so many people speaking up about them. A bleak, but fascinating read. 4.5/5 ‘You do not owe anyone perfect, and you don’t owe anyone pretty. Remove the glossy filter that smooths out any negativity, resist the feminine urge to lighten the mood, or to make others comfortable [and] practice radical honesty with yourself and others.’ ...more |
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Dec 20, 2024
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Dec 20, 2024
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Dec 20, 2024
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Hardcover
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0358616379
| 9780358616375
| 0358616379
| 3.67
| 123
| Oct 08, 2024
| Oct 08, 2024
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really liked it
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You may find yourself adventuring through a scary dungeon, and you may find yourself faced with a large awful monster, and you may find yourself wishi
You may find yourself adventuring through a scary dungeon, and you may find yourself faced with a large awful monster, and you may find yourself wishing you'd packed more bread and hard cheese, and you may ask yourself…well… [image] HOW DID I GET HERE? While you may have to ask your GM how you got to that particular dungeon, graphic novel team Samuel Sattin and Eisner award winning illustrator Steenz take us on a heroic quest across the history of tabletop role playing games in Side Quest: A Visual History of Roleplaying Games, all without the need of a d20 to follow along. Moving from early mystic roots of dice usage and interactive theater to the modern era of Dungeons & Dragons, video games and more, this is a well researched yet blissfully accessible and engaging graphic novel full of side quests into personal anecdotes, game developers and more along the way. Enjoyable for any age and for readers anything from a love of gaming to just a general interest in misadventuring and improv, Side Quests is as informative as it is fun. [image] This winter I am running a few library programs playing indie tabletop games and figured I should probably have some background on the genre and Side Quests was a perfect choice. For the uninitiated, Tabletop Role Playing Games (or TTRPGs) are ‘games that require improv, statistics, and community’ and are, at their heart, interactive storytelling with a game aspect that allows for both creativity and chance. Some major ones include Dungeons & Dragons, Pathfinder, Warhammer, Call of the Cthulhu and I personally have recently gotten into exploring a lot of the more writing-based indie games you can find on places like itch.io (for my program this week we are playing A Perfect Rock and Exquisite Biome which you can check out in the links). Sattin and Steenz serve as as our [image] I was fascinated to learn that H.G. Wells wrote a set of rules for playing with toy soldiers and published as Little Wars in 1913. I also enjoyed seeing how the worlds of J.R.R. Tolkien inspired many early RPGs (not just Led Zeppelin songs!). There is some really interesting history on early forms such as Tony Bath’s Conan-based game Hyboria or Paul Stanbury’s game Coventry which people played out similar to Live-Action-Role-Playing (LARPing) but came to an end when, after having to establish “guardians” to seek out misbehaving players, one played set off a bomb in another players yard (which was probably a critical role). It then moves on to the modern era of games. I enjoyed that the authors took time to discuss issues of racism, homophobia and other social ills that made their way into the gaming world instead of sweeping that aside and then make sure to highlight game developers that have fought for a more inclusive community. In TTRPGs, community is a key element and ensuring everyone has the chance to roll the dice is a really important goal to strive for. This was a rather fun book that also seems geared for the enjoyment of anyone and everyone, which I also greatly appreciated. Side Quest is fun, educational and certainly entertaining as well. ⅘ ...more |
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Dec 12, 2024
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Dec 12, 2024
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Dec 12, 2024
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1643757083
| 9781643757087
| 1643757083
| 3.74
| 1,874
| Nov 12, 2024
| Nov 12, 2024
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really liked it
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For a few years now I have been trying to start a holiday tradition. Around the 24th and 25th of December as you family gathers, you take a blanket, s
For a few years now I have been trying to start a holiday tradition. Around the 24th and 25th of December as you family gathers, you take a blanket, sneak up on an unsuspecting [image] Yule Cat attack! ‘A sad tale's best for winter: I have one of sprites and goblins,’ Shakespeare writes in The Winter's Tale and Clegg has tales of goblins galore. Much of the basics on the holiday horrors were familiar from the many rather coffee-table style books about them of late, but I particularly enjoyed Clegg’s travelogue method here that allowed her to elucidate the histories and cultural implication while carrying us along with her into the eerie atmospheres of the festivals and locales. We learn of the Lord of Misrule, a traditional party-planner of such that marks a blending of the sacred and the profane, before she sends us along to the Salzburg Krampus Run held on the 5th of December. This was a rather exciting chapter and the festival sounds amazing as people nervously attend to be chased and struck with reeds by the Krampus performers. Particularly children. The festival is watched over by St. Nicholas and she observes that ‘they’re his monsters, under his power,’ which is a rather comical juxtaposition from our modern day depictions of Santa. ‘If you’re used to a twinkly eyed Santa beaming kindly at little boys and girls at this time of year, perhaps the only thing more disturbing than having huge monsters attack you is watching them pick off children in the crowd.’ Through the book she attends the Chepstow Wassail and as she travels around Wales she teaches us about the Mari Lwyd who even turn up in churches for parts of their January services. A new one for me was her travel to Finland for Lucy’s Night in honor of St. Lucy where she observes that the girls ‘smiling and mute’ in the celebration seem worse than the demons of the Krampus parade as ‘paragons of a type of female modesty, piety and self-sacrifice that comes with a lot of associations, more troubling than any goat-monster could conjure.’ Its all a lot of fun and I really enjoyed all the cultural commentary and depictions of pre-christian traditions with how they were morphed across history and molded into christian traditions. [image] Krampus I really enjoy this look into an eerier side of the festive season and while it is dark, ‘let me speak on behalf / of the good dark,’ as poet Maggie Smith writes in How Dark the Beginning. In her short essays in Winter Solstice, author Nina MacLaughlin writes ‘Winter tells the secrets of the longer, longest, endless dark and cold that was, and the longer, longest, endless dark to come.’ It brings contemplation of darkness and death, but also the reminder we are alive and can survive. As Clegg shows, these merry monsters have a similar function by allowing us to face our fears. ‘When fears get faced and named, aren’t they easier to encounter?’ MacLaughlin points out, adding: ‘It’s the formless unfamiliar, the shadow that lives below the shadow, the one we sense but have not named or cannot yet name, there’s where the real terror lives. And so we name our monsters.’ In these monsters we confront death and overcome them and in doing so, will overcome winter. It is likely why these celebrations have lingered even beyond the fun of hanging with the horrific beasts. [image] Mari Lwyd A quick read that will add a little bit of the scary to the season, I quite enjoyed The Dead of Winter and found the style and histories to be a thrill ride. Happy holidays, don’t get Krampus’d! 4/5 'We may spend midwinter surrounded by warmth, good food, and companionship, but Christmas coincides with the darkest time of the year, and the legends we have repeated and adapted over the centuries remind us that beyond the glow of firelight, the shadows are waiting.' ...more |
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Dec 11, 2024
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Dec 11, 2024
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Dec 11, 2024
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9798888902509
| B0CT8C7SMB
| 4.85
| 26
| Sep 03, 2024
| Sep 03, 2024
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it was amazing
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The human rights activist organization Visualizing Palestine has spent over a decade harnessing research and data to create accessible and informative
The human rights activist organization Visualizing Palestine has spent over a decade harnessing research and data to create accessible and informative infographics for the purpose of educating people and calling for justice and liberation of the colonized Palestinian people. ‘We focus on shifting narratives, recognizing that Palestine has been the subject of a century of colonial narratives designed to obscure, justify, and perpetuate oppression,’ the organization writes in the introduction to Visualizing Palestine: A Chronicle of Colonialism and the Struggle for Liberation, a wonderful full color collection of their works and historical information newly released from Haymarket Books. It is a long chronicle of Palestinian history and struggles organized into helpful categories with bold data explanations and visuals that help promote awareness, knowledge and activism. ‘The anatomy of occupation is laid bare,’ Arundhati Roy states in one of the many infographics from the Writers Stand for Justice movement and such is the case here looking through the wealth of data collected by Visualizing Palestine. This is an important look at the struggles of Palestinian’s under oppressive colonial control that is as informative as it is well formatted. [image] Visualizing Palestine began in 2012 publishing infographics under the name Hunger Strike in support of Khader Adnan’s hunger strike in an Israeli jail where he was being held without charges or trial. He would spend 6 years of his life in prison without ever being charged of a crime and died in 2023 on the 87th day of his hunger strike. ‘With Khader Adnan’s death, Hunger Strikes became part of the story of what the Palestinian collective body has endured while calling for freedom.’ They emphasize being able to portray a narrative that is often suppressed or politically denied and detail how this occurs, such as listing the names of the 150 journalists killed by Israel from 2000-2023. They are an incredible resource and a productive use of social media and their infographics are useful for academia, protests or simply distribution to raise awareness. [image] ‘To say “settler colonialism” is to name a distinctive phenomenon in which the settler arrives with the intent to stay and supplant native sovereignty—not merely to rule, but to replace through forced assimilation, geographical containment, juridical erasure, and killing.’ —Noura Erakat and John Reynolds, “Understanding Apartheid” The book is organized by topics, such as Navigating Apartheid with information about the lack of freedoms afforded to Palestinian’s living under Israeli control such as being denied access to ride buses, only 10% of Jerusalem’s budget going towards Palestinian neighborhoods despite being 37% of the population, lack of legal status of citizenship, inequalities in services from cellular service to clean water, and more. There are sections detailing the historical struggles as well and highlighting the vast violence done against Palestinians. [image] Sections on boycotts show a hopeful side of musicians and other artists rallying to call for change, though sections on global imperialism show a much more dire depiction of the issues. [image] There is also a rather devastating section offering quotations from from Palestinians living under siege in Gaza to really drive home the horrors being faced. ‘If I die, remember that I, we, were individuals, humans, we had names, dreams and achievements and our only fault was that we were classified as inferior’ I learned a lot about how the struggles in the region also affect the world around to show the importance of intersectionality and solidarity in calls for support. Issues such as the Elbit Systems, an Israeli surveillance company that field-tested their equipment on Palestinians, received $82million in contracts to be used at places such as the southern US border. This is an important section as well to see other corporate complicity. [image] There is also plenty of information on complicity from other countries, especially with the US military industrial complex. There are several infographics that detail Trump’s decision to break from the UN and from US precedent to declare Jerusalem the capitol of Israel and move the US embassy there from Tel Aviv—his daughter and son-in-law who helped broker the deal made $640 million in outside income while working in the White House, much of which was through private business contracts with Israel—as steps towards his proposed “peace plan” that would annex parts of the West Bank to Israel and deny Refugee Right to Return for Palestinian refugees among other issues. This is particularly important as this administration will be assuming control of the US in a month and while the Biden administration continued to perpetuate policies from the previous administration one can only speculate what will be next from a former tv show host with already dark history of imperialist violence and war crimes. And while refusing to divest in business deals makes the few very wealthy, we see how it comes at the costs of Palestinian lives paid for by the US taxpayers. [image] This book and the infographics are great tools to use in classrooms as well and this certainly has a high educational value. Their website, VisualizingPalestine.org allows you to download the infographics at no cost (donate if you can!) but also has interactive portions such as an interactive map that steps through the history of how the Nakba changed Palestine. There is also an interactive portion called Remember Their Names which provides the names of the 34,344 Palestinians killed in Gaza between 7 Oct 2023 and 31 Aug 2024. Each name appears when you hover over the individual images of people and scrolling down through the visual of small red bodies provides a devastating context of the sheer amount of death and destruction being done to them. [image] I enjoy having these collected in a book and it is a good reminder why buying directly through a publisher can be helpful since Haymarket Books provides a free ebook version in addition to your purchase of a physical copy. 5/5 [image] ...more |
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Dec 06, 2024
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Dec 06, 2024
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Dec 06, 2024
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Hardcover
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0593299922
| 9780593299920
| 0593299922
| 3.97
| 5,234
| Aug 06, 2024
| Aug 06, 2024
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liked it
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I’ve always said that bookstore employees are rockstars but I’m a bit biased. [image] I love my job Having spent many years working bookstores—in bot I’ve always said that bookstore employees are rockstars but I’m a bit biased. [image] I love my job Having spent many years working bookstores—in both a Barnes and Noble and currently at a delightful indie bookstore, Readers World— I was eager to check out Evan Friss’ The Bookshop: A History of the American Bookstore. Books are part of the lifeblood of a society, they are a comfort and a friend when in need, they open your mind, expand your horizons, they frame the past and speculate the future, the show you the possibilities of life, language, they are ‘a uniquely portable magic’ as Stephen King once wrote. ‘Books and doors are the same thing,’ Jeanette Winterson—my favorite person to write books—said, ‘you open them, and you go through into another world,’ and by opening the door to a bookstore you are transported into a realm of possibility and potential magic behind every cover. Also shoutout to libraries (I must add as I type this from my desk in a library) where this potential of possibility does not come at a cost. Friss writes that ‘a city without a bookstore wasn't a city worth calling home,’ and I’m proud to work in our city’s indie bookstore which was, in fact, the very first place I went to check out when I moved here. One day, after being a regular for years, I walked in to pick up a book I had preordered (Flights by Olga Tokarczuk) and they offered me a job. Best job I’ve ever had. But librarian s.penkevich would like to consider some nuance missing from Friss’ statement that, sure it’s fun to say and all but some communities are unable to support one which is compounded with the issue that so much of the goal behind book ban attempts is to disenfranchise support for public institutions and dissolve libraries and free access to books, moving everything behind privatized access with a price barrier. But moving along. 'The right book put in the right hands at the right time could change the course of a life or many lives.' In The Bookstore, Friss takes us through a history of American bookstores from early collections by Benjamin Franklin to noteworthy stores like The Strand or The National Memorial African Bookstore, into the chains of Barnes & Noble or Amazon that have dramatically reshaped the book industry into the digital age. Friss pauses along the way to celebrate the ancillary heroes to bookstore, like the UPS driver and bookstore cats that ensure the books are flowing or improve the vibes. It is a rather cherry-picked and anecdotal history that feels more like a collection of essays full of fun tales than, say, an exhaustive or academic history, but it made for an interesting read that is sure to delight anyone with an interest in bookstores. ‘You see, bookshops are dreams built of wood and paper. They are time travel and escape and knowledge and power. They are, simply put, the best of places.’ —Jen Campbell, Weird Things Customers Say in Bookshops As Friss tells us, ‘the right book put in the right hands at the right time could change the course of a life or many lives,’ and I rather enjoy this loving view on bookstores, booksellers and the customers who frequent them. While this book focuses specifically on bookstores in the United States, the history of bookselling reaches all the way back to ancient times. Around 300BC, the founding of the Library of Alexandria created a need for obtaining books and brought about a robust bookselling practice amongst Athenians. The Abbasid Caliphate and Caliphate of Córdoba encouraged the trade of books across the Muslim world with Damascus, Baghdad, and Córdoba becoming major centers for book dealers. Meanwhile, Johannes Gutenberg’s printing press brought a surge of bookselling into France and across Europe in the mid 1400s, and the Librairie Nouvelle d'Orléans which opened in 1545 is still in operation and makes it the oldest bookstore in operation across Europe. Friss’ tales begin with the personal book collection of Benjamin Franklin and move into stories about the Old Corner Bookstore in Boston, which is unfortunately no longer in operation. [image] ‘A good book is the precious life-blood of a master-spirit, embalmed and treasured up on purpose to a life beyond life, and as such it must surely be a necessary commodity.’ ― Penelope Fitzgerald, The Bookshop The book is rather anecdotal and skips around to highlight some cool places, such as Parnassus books started by author Ann Patchett who ‘saw herself as more of a benefactor than a capitalist. It was about protecting an endangered species,’, though one might not necessarily find this to read like a history of bookselling in general. Though there are some rather interesting things to note, such as the legacy of radical bookstores like Drum & Spear, founded in 1968 as a space for Black activism in literature and were investigated by the FBI. One story shows they had been accused of providing communist propaganda after an agent failed to purchase Chairman Mao's Little Red Book there and bought it at another store, but still submitted it as evidence against them. [image] Another fascinating history here was the chapter on sidewalk vendor bookstores which were vilified by city officials such as a 1993 bill to remove them that was pushed by the same councilman who had once passed a law giving booksellers freedom to sell without a license. There is a sadness, however, as many of the bookstores included in the history of 20th century bookstores have now shut down. ‘The Old Corner helped launch American literature and the American bookstore,’ Friss writes, ‘Now it’s a Chipotle’. So it goes. The historic Denver bookstore Tattered Cover a historic bookstore in Denver that is regrettably absent in this book was recently purchased by Barnes and Noble. Lawrence Ferlinghetti, poet and co-founder of City Lights Bookstore, once stated: ‘Don’t patronize the chain bookstores. Every time I see some author scheduled to read and sign his books at a chain bookstore, I feel like telling him he’s stabbing the independent bookstores in the back.’ Hopefully people have an indie bookstore available to them, which is a struggle especially in a lot of rural communities where having an alternative to Amazon or Barnes and Noble just isn't available. Many indie bookstores have been struggling too and I was surprised to learn that The Strand nearly closed during COVID. As the book progresses, we see more about how indie bookstore began to compete with chains, and now those chains compete with Amazon. Alas, Borders has gone away and Amazon purchased many of their storefronts for their physical Amazon stores like a psychopathic murderer wearing the skin of its victims. Amazon will also buy up entire first print runs leaving indie bookstores unable to stock certain new releases (or have an additional copy stuck on backorder for months), and so ideas like Ingrams Indie Vault that reserves books for indie bookstores and doesn't allow the big chains to take the whole print run have been helpful. Its always sad to me when a bookstore closes and makes me think of a favorite poem by James Tate: Memory A little bookstore used to call to me. Eagerly I would go to it hungry for the news and the sure friendship. It never failed to provide me with whatever I needed. Bookstore with a donkey in its heart, bookstore full of clouds and sometimes lightning, showers. Books just in from Australia, books by madmen and giants. Toucans would alight on my stovepipe hat and solve mysteries with a few chosen words. Picasso would appear in a kimono requesting a discount, and then laugh at his own joke. Little bookstore with its belly full of wisdom and confetti, with eyebrows of wildflowers- and customers from Denmark and Japan, New York and California, psychics and lawyers, clergymen and hitchhikers, the wan, the strong, the crazy, all needing books, needing directions, needing a friend, or a place to sit down. But then one day the shelves began to empty and a hush fell over the store. No new books arrived. When the dying was done, only a fragile, tattered thing remained, and I haven’t the heart to name it. I found this poem on my last day working at Barnes and Noble so it hit hard. And so, of particular interest to me in this book was the section on Barnes & Noble and the recent acquisition of the company by James Daunt of Waterstones bookstores in the UK fame. I spent several years as a keyholder in a Barnes and Noble in what felt very much like a slow spiraling decline under Leonard Riggio, who’s life and legacy gets a rather positive and inspirational treatment here. Not that I have anything against him but I’m fairly certain when he passed recently he probably vanished as a cloud of bats and unpaid debts (anyone else remember the BN credit card scandal?) but he certainly did build an impressive chain from humble beginnings and Daunt has very much improved on the design. Under Daunt, as Friss points out, BNs have come to feel much more localized by giving the stores more control over title acquisition and displays to present a more indie bookstore feel. Friss does give Amazon a lot of positive spin while glossing over their legacy of union busting and anti-worker policies, though he also does champion physical spaces over online retail. I enjoyed the section discussing the #BoxedOut Campaign organized by the American Booksellers Association to promote buying through physical indie retailers as opposed to Amazon. ‘ People may not realize the cost and consequences of ‘convenience’ shopping until it's too late… Closed indie bookstores represent the loss of local jobs and local tax dollars; the loss of community centers; and the loss of opportunities for readers to discover books and connect with other readers in a meaningful face-to-face way.’ — Allison K Hill, CEO of American Booksellers Association Of course there are many reasons such as mobility issues or lack of access to a bookstore that lead to people purchasing books through Amazon, but the slogans for the campaign which included things like 'Buy Books from People Who Want to Sell Books, Not Colonize the Moon' were pretty great. ‘I love walking into a bookstore. It’s like all my friends are sitting on shelves, waving their pages at me.’ —Tahereh Mafi Bookstores are such a lovely place and books are a necessary part of society. As we are all here on goodreads, I suspect most of you feel similarly. I love indie bookstores but, again, I'm a bit biased. But Readers World in Holland has been my happy place and going into work always feels like coming home. You can support us by following us on instagram or tiktok at @readersworldholland and you might see a familiar face since I do all the social media. [image] ‘Bookstores also stimulate our senses. Being surrounded by books matters,’ Friss writes, ‘sociologists have found that just growing up in a home full of books—mere proximity—confers a lifetime of intellectual benefits.’ Long live books, long live bookstores, and long live libraries. While being a bit lighter than expected, The Bookshop was a fun and fascinating read and those with an interest in the subject matter will certainly enjoy it. 3.5/5 ‘Whether in mysteries or memoirs, travelogues or true-crime tales, romances or rom-coms, horror or history, bookstores can be more than just passive backdrops. Bookstores can be actors. Bookstores, even the little ones, can shape the world around them. They already have.’ Also shoutout to libraries. Support your local library as well as your local indie bookstores. I'm lucky enough to get to do both. Sometimes on the same day. Which has, admittedly, confused a few people when they see me twice in one day. [image] ...more |
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Nov 23, 2024
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Nov 23, 2024
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Nov 23, 2024
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0802163920
| 9780802163929
| 0802163920
| 4.68
| 1,879
| Sep 24, 2024
| Sep 24, 2024
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it was amazing
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Narratives often hinge on a moment of recognition, an instance of climactic culmination between the various strands of story when the character—and of
Narratives often hinge on a moment of recognition, an instance of climactic culmination between the various strands of story when the character—and often the audience or reader—makes a critical discovery and recognizes the truth about a situation. Aristotle terms this anagnorisis, a moment in the narrative Isabella Hammad tells us is a way ‘to perceive clearly what on some level you have known all along, but that perhaps you did not want to know.’ We see this often in stories of misunderstood or disguised identity she explains, citing Oedipus or The Importance of Being Ernest, before telling a story of an Israeli soldier who, being approached by a Palestinian man without clothes carrying a photo of his family, decides not to shoot him. It was a moment of recognition of a Palestinian as a fellow human being, but the tragedy is ‘how many Palestinians need to die for one soldier to have his epiphany?’ This question is at the heart of her Recognizing the Stranger, an excellent essay composed from her 2023 Edward W. Said Memorial Lecture at Columbia University just days before the events of October 7th with a follow-up afterword written in January 2024. Hammad uses the lens of literature and literary criticisms such as the works of Edward W. Said along with texts from Mahmoud Darwish, Anne Carson, Ghassan Kanafani, Elena Ferrante, Maggie Nelson and more as a way to examine the functions of narrative as a way to better examine the story of Palestine, how ‘the flow of history always exceeds the narrative frames we impose on it,’ and to confront the violence against the Palestinian people. As Sylvia Wynter writes, the novel is a revolutionary form because it ‘is in essence a question mark’ and Hammad tells us ‘perhaps it’s enough to ask a question, and hope, perhaps, to glimpse the meaning of that question in retrospect.’ ‘To remain human at this juncture is to remain in agony. Let us remain there: it is the more honest place from which to speak.’ Javier Marías wrote that while many find a novel a method ‘of imparting knowledge,’ for him it is ‘more a way of imparting recognition of things that you didn’t know you knew.’ Hammad transfers this idea into the long suffering of the Palestinian people who are constantly having to justify their humanity to the world. They need recognition, something that occurs even on legal basis of being able to have their homeland recognized. She moves into discussions on colonial powers and governments who refuse such recognition to the extent that ‘speech in support of Palestinian rights is punished at the highest levels,’ something that rings true with the recent wave of authors being canceled from events or actors fired for having spoken out, even Universities unleashing police violence on students. The conflicts and violence in the region have long been hotly debated and, as Mahmoud Darwish once wrote, ‘Gaza does not propel people to cool contemplation; rather she propels them to erupt and collide with the truth.’ Language is important, she mentions, and in an interview with The Guardian, the interviewer mentioned in this book that ‘You refer to Israel as “a militarised society in which dissent is punished” and liken 7 October to an “incredibly violent jailbreak”.’ To this Hammad responds ‘I’m just trying to be precise with language – that’s the least we can do.’ But we must also use language to find recognition. ‘To induce a person’s change of heart is different from challenging the tremendous force of collective denial. And denial is arguably the opposite of recognition. But even denial is based on a kind of knowing. A willful turning from devastating knowledge, perhaps, out of fear.’ One soldier is not enough. Hammad calls on us all to speak, to recognize, to return humanity to those who have had it denied. ‘As I write this, a ceasefire has still not been called. I wonder what reality you now live in. From the point in time at which you read this, what do you say of the moment I am in? How large is the gulf between us?...Are we seeing the beginnings of a decolonial future, or of another more complete Nakba?’ An excellent little book that offers an incisive look at the need for recognition of Palestine as well as a heartbreaking account of watching the genocide being carried out against it. Isabella Hammad addresses politics and people through a language of narrative that helps unpack heavy issues in productive ways and Recognizing the Stranger is a sad but important read. ‘One day this war will stop, and those of us who remain will return and rebuild, and live again in these houses.’ — Wael Dahdouh, Al Jazeera journalist ...more |
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not set
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not set
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Oct 12, 2024
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Paperback
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1644214059
| 9781644214053
| 1644214059
| 4.47
| 2,619
| Nov 14, 2023
| Mar 19, 2024
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it was amazing
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In 2022, mass protests swept across Iran following the tragic death of 22 year old Mahsa Amini who died after being beaten by police while detained fo
In 2022, mass protests swept across Iran following the tragic death of 22 year old Mahsa Amini who died after being beaten by police while detained for allegedly not complying with hijab regulations. These protests, which began on September 16 2022 in Iran, took critical aim at State violence and the oppression of women in Iran. Social media quickly spread word and soon demonstrations began to spring up cities all around the world, though in Iran their pleas for an end to violence was met with more violence. In response, graphic novel veteran Marjane Satrapi gathered artists, journalists and professors for the creation of the graphic novel Woman, Life, Freedom which presents the movement from which it takes its title in short chapters rotating between writers and artists. An important look into the state of Iran and the treatment of women, Woman, Life, Freedom chronicles the events and ideologies in the hopes of educating, garnering support, and ensuring the significance of this woman’s movement is not washed away. A moving and insightful work with fantastic art, harrowing testimonials and more, this is an important work of literature and history in the making (though conditions have become far more violent and harsh according to a recent UN report) and certainly a must-read. [image] Much like her previous work, the incredible graphic memoir Persepolis, Woman, Life, Freedom both tells the story of a period of time while also offering valuable insight into Iranian politics and society. There are discussions on government structures and a large focus on the Guidance patrol—better known as the “morality police” for their task of determining if women’s manner of dress and behavior could be deemed “sacrilegious”—by whom Mahsa Amini was murdered. There is also in depth and invaluable insight into the long history of women being oppressed in Iran as well as key figures in the movement protesting against such hardships demanding end of state impunity and demanding accountability. [image] I really loved the variety of artwork in this collection and how each writer had a different story to share as well as method of presenting history. It is a sad subject matter, but one that is important to pay attention to as the book makes the case for widespread unity and participation as the only way towards collective liberation. In this way we see how social media has become such an important aspect of the movement—the Woman, Life, Freedom movement and slogan originated within the women-led Kurdish movements but has since become a globally recognized slogan for women’s liberation largely due to social media—and why journalism and activism is so important to keep a movement alive. Especially one met with such violent resistance, with an estimated 551 people killed (68 of them children) during the protests between Sept 22 to Sept 23, and 19,262 arrested. [image] This collection does an excellent job of presenting complex issues and politics in an accessible manner and will hopefully draw more attention and support for their cause. ‘I call it a revolution,’ Satrapi said in in conversation about the book with The Guardian, ‘it’s not a revolt, it’s not a movement, it’s a proper revolution.’ She is hopeful for the progress being made, especially the show of unity. ‘I’ve said it many times and nobody says the contrary: I think it’s the first really feminist revolution … and it is supported by men.’ In recent months, however, there has been an increased government crackdown against the movement and women in general, with frequent instances of dangerous car chases to stop women from driving, the intentional blinding of protestors, assaults on teen girls for removing head scarves, and an increase in State executions, rampant documentation of sexual violence used against women and much cover-up or denial. So it is all the more important to push back against the mass violent crackdown against women. A moving and important work, Woman, Life, Freedom is a must-read. 5/5 [image] ...more |
Notes are private!
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Sep 25, 2024
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Sep 25, 2024
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Sep 25, 2024
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Paperback
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s.penkevich
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Books:
non-fiction
(71)
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3.92
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really liked it
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Mar 04, 2025
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Mar 04, 2025
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3.50
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liked it
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not set
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Mar 04, 2025
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3.85
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really liked it
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Feb 26, 2025
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Feb 26, 2025
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4.36
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really liked it
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Feb 25, 2025
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Feb 25, 2025
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4.01
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really liked it
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not set
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Feb 24, 2025
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3.63
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liked it
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Feb 10, 2025
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Feb 10, 2025
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4.62
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really liked it
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Feb 04, 2025
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Feb 04, 2025
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4.29
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it was amazing
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Feb 03, 2025
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Feb 03, 2025
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4.01
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really liked it
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Feb 02, 2025
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Feb 02, 2025
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4.10
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really liked it
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Jan 21, 2025
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Jan 21, 2025
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3.85
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really liked it
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Jan 13, 2025
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Jan 13, 2025
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3.91
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really liked it
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Jan 02, 2025
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Jan 02, 2025
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3.79
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liked it
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Dec 31, 2024
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Dec 31, 2024
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4.18
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really liked it
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Dec 20, 2024
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Dec 20, 2024
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3.67
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really liked it
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Dec 12, 2024
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Dec 12, 2024
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3.74
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really liked it
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Dec 11, 2024
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Dec 11, 2024
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4.85
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it was amazing
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Dec 06, 2024
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Dec 06, 2024
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3.97
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liked it
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Nov 23, 2024
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Nov 23, 2024
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4.68
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it was amazing
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not set
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Oct 12, 2024
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4.47
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it was amazing
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Sep 25, 2024
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Sep 25, 2024
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