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    Intro To Validity

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    malyn1218
    The document discusses the concept of validity in research. It defines validity as the approximation of truth or falsity of a conclusion. It presents the causal context of theory, constructs, operationalization, programs, and observations. It discusses the cumulative nature of conclusion validity, internal validity, construct validity, and external validity. It concludes by explaining threats to validity and how researchers can be wrong in their inferences.

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    Intro To Validity

    Uploaded by

    malyn1218
    57 views27 pages
    The document discusses the concept of validity in research. It defines validity as the approximation of truth or falsity of a conclusion. It presents the causal context of theory, constructs, operationalization, programs, and observations. It discusses the cumulative nature of conclusion validity, internal validity, construct validity, and external validity. It concludes by explaining threats to validity and how researchers can be wrong in their inferences.

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    Intro to Validity

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    The document discusses the concept of validity in research. It defines validity as the approximation of truth or falsity of a conclusion. It presents the causal context of theory, constructs, operationalization, programs, and observations. It discusses the cumulative nature of conclusion validity, internal validity, construct validity, and external validity. It concludes by explaining threats to validity and how researchers can be wrong in their inferences.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    57 views27 pages

    Intro To Validity

    Uploaded by

    malyn1218
    The document discusses the concept of validity in research. It defines validity as the approximation of truth or falsity of a conclusion. It presents the causal context of theory, constructs, operationalization, programs, and observations. It discusses the cumulative nature of conclusion validity, internal validity, construct validity, and external validity. It concludes by explaining threats to validity and how researchers can be wrong in their inferences.

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    Introduction to Validity

    What is Validity?

    ● The best available approximation to the


    truth or falsity of a given inference,
    proposition, or conclusion
    ● A set of standards by which research
    can be judged
    The Causal Context

    Theory

    Observation
    The Causal Context

    Theory

    Cause
    construct

    Observation
    The Causal Context

    Theory

    Cause
    construct

    Observation
    The Causal Context

    Theory

    Cause cause-effect construct


    Effect
    construct construct

    Observation
    The Causal Context

    Theory What you think

    Cause cause-effect construct


    Effect
    construct construct

    Observation
    The Causal Context

    Theory What you think

    Cause Cause-Effect Construct


    Effect
    construct construct
    Operationalize

    Program

    Observation In this study


    The Causal Context

    Theory What you think

    Cause Cause-effect Construct


    Effect
    construct construct
    Operationalize Operationalize

    Program Observations

    Observation In this study


    The Causal Context

    Theory What you think

    Cause Cause-effect Construct


    Effect
    construct construct
    Operationalize Operationalize

    Program Observations
    What you do What you see
    Observation In this study
    The Causal Context

    Theory What you think

    Cause Cause-effect Construct


    Effect
    construct construct
    Operationalize Operationalize

    Program Program-outcome Relationship


    Observations
    What you do What you see
    Observation What you test
    In this study
    Conclusion Validity

    Is there a relationship between...


    ● What you did and what you saw?
    ● Your program and your observations?

    Program Program-outcome Relationship


    Observations
    What you do What you see
    Observation In this study
    Internal Validity

    Is the relationship causal between...


    • What you did and what you saw?

    • Your program and your observations?

    Alternative
    cause
    Alternative
    cause

    Program Program-outcome Relationship


    Observations
    What you do What you see
    Alternative
    cause Alternative
    Observation cause In this study
    Construct Validity
    Theory What you think

    Cause Cause-effect Construct


    Effect
    construct construct

    Can we generalize to the constructs?

    Program Program-outcome Relationship


    Observations
    What you do What you see
    Observation
    External Validity

    Theory What you think

    Cause Cause-effect Construct


    Effect
    construct construct

    Can we generalize to other persons, places, times?

    Program program-outcome relationship


    Observations Program program-outcome relationship
    Observations
    What You Do What You See What You Do What You See

    Observation Observation

    Program program-outcome relationship


    Observations Program program-outcome relationship
    Observations
    What You Do What you see What You Do What You See

    Observation Observation
    The Validity Questions Are Cumulative...
    The Validity Questions Are Cumulative...

    Is there a relationship between


    In this study the cause and effect?
    The Validity Questions Are Cumulative...

    In this study Is the relationship causal?

    Is there a relationship between


    Conclusion the cause and effect?
    The Validity Questions Are Cumulative...

    Can we generalize to
    In theory the constructs?

    Internal Is the relationship causal?

    Is there a relationship between


    Conclusion the cause and effect?
    The Validity Questions Are Cumulative...

    Can we generalize
    In theory to other persons,
    places, times?

    Construc Can we generalize to


    the constructs?
    t
    Internal Is the relationship causal?
    Is there a relationship between
    Conclusion the cause and effect?
    The Validity Questions are cumulative...

    Validity

    Can we generalize
    External to other persons,
    places, times?
    Can we generalize to
    Construct the constructs?
    Internal Is the relationship causal?

    Is there a relationship between


    Conclusion the cause and effect?
    Threats to Validity

    You Want to Make an Inference...


    ● There is a relationship between
    the cause and effect.
    ● The relationship is causal.
    ● You can generalize to the
    constructs.
    ● You can generalize to other
    persons, places, and times.
    Threats to Validity

    How could you be wrong in the inference?

    Conclusion Validity

    ● There is a relationship, but you don’t


    see it.
    ● There is no relationship, but you do
    see one.
    Threats to Validity

    How could you be wrong in the inference?

    Internal Validity

    ● There is a causal relationship, but you


    don’t see it.
    ● There is no causal relationship, but
    you do see one.
    Threats to Validity

    How could you be wrong in the inference?

    Construct Validity

    ● You can generalize to constructs, but


    you conclude you can’t.
    ● You can’t generalize to constructs, but
    you conclude you can.
    Threats to Validity

    How could you be wrong in the inference?

    External Validity

    ● You can generalize to other contexts,


    but you conclude you can’t
    ● You can’t generalize to contexts, but
    you conclude you can
    Threats to Validity

    ● How you can be wrong in making your


    inference
    ● Specific factors that can bias or distort
    your conclusions
    ● A list of common threats to the quality of
    your study
    ● A “checklist” you can use in planning
    your study

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