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    Calculation of Section Modulus PDF

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    Anthony Gravagne
    The document discusses section modulus, a geometric property used in beam design. There are two types of section modulus: elastic and plastic. The elastic section modulus uses the neutral axis and second moment of area to calculate yield moment. The plastic section modulus depends on the location of the plastic neutral axis and is used to calculate the plastic moment capacity. Equations for calculating the section modulus of common shapes like rectangles, circles, I-beams, tubes, and channels are provided.

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    Calculation of Section Modulus PDF

    Uploaded by

    Anthony Gravagne
    17K views4 pages
    The document discusses section modulus, a geometric property used in beam design. There are two types of section modulus: elastic and plastic. The elastic section modulus uses the neutral axis and second moment of area to calculate yield moment. The plastic section modulus depends on the location of the plastic neutral axis and is used to calculate the plastic moment capacity. Equations for calculating the section modulus of common shapes like rectangles, circles, I-beams, tubes, and channels are provided.

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    Calculation of section modulus, Sx and Zx for various shapes.

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    Calculation of Section Modulus.pdf

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    The document discusses section modulus, a geometric property used in beam design. There are two types of section modulus: elastic and plastic. The elastic section modulus uses the neutral axis and second moment of area to calculate yield moment. The plastic section modulus depends on the location of the plastic neutral axis and is used to calculate the plastic moment capacity. Equations for calculating the section modulus of common shapes like rectangles, circles, I-beams, tubes, and channels are provided.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17K views4 pages

    Calculation of Section Modulus PDF

    Uploaded by

    Anthony Gravagne
    The document discusses section modulus, a geometric property used in beam design. There are two types of section modulus: elastic and plastic. The elastic section modulus uses the neutral axis and second moment of area to calculate yield moment. The plastic section modulus depends on the location of the plastic neutral axis and is used to calculate the plastic moment capacity. Equations for calculating the section modulus of common shapes like rectangles, circles, I-beams, tubes, and channels are provided.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The key takeaways are that section modulus is a geometric property used in beam design and there are two types: elastic section modulus (S) and plastic section modulus (Z). The elastic section modulus uses the yield point and is defined as I/y, while the plastic section modulus depends on the plastic neutral axis and is used where plastic behavior is dominant.

    The two types of section moduli discussed are the elastic section modulus (S) and the plastic section modulus (Z).

    The elastic section modulus (S) is used up to the yield point and is defined as I/y, where I is the moment of inertia and y is the distance to the neutral axis. The plastic section modulus depends on the location of the plastic neutral axis and the areas on each side of it.

    Section modulus

    Section modulus
    Section modulus is a geometric property for a given cross-section used in the design of beams or flexural members. Other geometric properties used in design include area for tension, radius of gyration for compression, and moment of inertia for stiffness. Any relationship between these properties is highly dependent on the shape in question. Equations for the section moduli of common shapes are given below. There are two types of section moduli, the elastic section modulus (S) and the plastic section modulus (Z).

    Notation
    North American and British/Australian convention reverse the usage of S & Z. Elastic modulus is S in North America,[1] but Z in Britain/Australia,[2] and vice versa for the plastic modulus. Eurocode 3 (EN 1993 - Steel Design) resolves this by using W for both, but distinguishes between them by the use of subscripts - Wel and Wpl.

    Elastic section modulus


    For general design, the elastic section modulus is used, applying up to the yield point for most metals and other common materials. The elastic section modulus is defined as S = I / y, where I is the second moment of area (or moment of inertia) and y is the distance from the neutral axis to any given fibre.[3] It is often reported using y = c, where c is the distance from the neutral axis to the most extreme fibre, as seen in the table below. It is also often used to determine the yield moment (My) such that My = S y, where y is the yield strength of the material.[3]

    Section modulus equations[4]


    Cross-sectional shape Rectangle Figure Equation Comment Solid arrow represents neutral axis

    doubly symmetric I-section (strong axis)

    NA indicates neutral axis

    doubly symmetric I-section (weak axis)

    NA indicates neutral axis

    Circle

    [4]

    Solid arrow represents neutral axis

    Circular tube

    Solid arrow represents neutral axis

    Rectangular tube

    NA indicates neutral axis

    Section modulus

    2
    NA indicates neutral axis

    Diamond

    C-channel

    NA indicates neutral axis

    Plastic section modulus


    The Plastic section modulus is used for materials where (irreversible) plastic behaviour is dominant. The majority of designs do not intentionally encounter this behaviour. The plastic section modulus depends on the location of the plastic neutral axis (PNA). The PNA is defined as the axis that splits the cross section such that the compression force from the area in compression equals the tension force from the area in tension. So, for sections with constant yielding stress, the area above and below the PNA will be equal, but for composite sections, this is not necessarily the case. The plastic section modulus is then the sum of the areas of the cross section on each side of the PNA (which may or may not be equal) multiplied by the distance from the local centroids of the two areas to the PNA:

    Description Rectangular section

    Figure

    Equation

    Comment

    For the two flanges of an I-beam with the web excluded For an I Beam including the web For an I Beam (weak axis) Solid Circle

    [5]

    where:

    =width,

    =thickness,

    are the distances from the neutral axis to the centroids of the flanges respectively. [6]

    Hollow Circle

    The plastic section modulus is used to calculate the plastic moment, Mp, or full capacity of a cross-section. The two terms are related by the yield strength of the material in question, Fy, by Mp=Fy*Z. Sometimes Z and S are related by defining a 'k' factor which is something of an indication of capacity beyond first yield. k=Z/S Therefore for a rectangular section, k=1.5

    Section modulus

    References
    [3] Kulak, G.L. and Grondin, G.Y., 2006, Limit States Design in Structural Steel 8th Ed., Canadian Institute of Steel Construction. [4] Gere, J. M. and Timoshenko, S., 1997, Mechanics of Materials 4th Ed., PWS Publishing Co. [5] American Institute of Steel Construction: Load and Resistance Factor Design, 3rd Edition, pp. 17-34.

    External links
    http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/american-wide-flange-steel-beams-d_1318.html - List of section moduli for common beam shapes http://www.novanumeric.com/samples.php?CalcName=SectionModulus - Online Calculation for Section Modulus

    Article Sources and Contributors

    Article Sources and Contributors


    Section modulus Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=555141680 Contributors: Bbanerje, Bigmonolith, Carl.bunderson, Chaley67, David Eppstein, Drendy88, Earlyehlinger, Gogo Dodo, HMSSolent, Hess88, J Milburn, Jefflayman, Khakiandmauve, KostisNikolaou, LanaMohinder, Lmi005, Magioladitis, Michael Devore, Michael Hardy, Muchado, Rjwilmsi, Rmendozajr, RonRodex, Roofstrider, Rzarx, Seam.us, Sehlstrom, Sookiasp, Stephenb, Sturm55, Syth, Wizard191, Yeokaiwei, Zojj, 105 anonymous edits

    Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors


    Image:Area moment of inertia of a rectangle.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Area_moment_of_inertia_of_a_rectangle.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Contributors: Hemmingsen, WikipediaMaster Image:Section modulus-I-beam-strong axis.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Section_modulus-I-beam-strong_axis.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Section_modulus-I-beam-weak_axis.svg: *Area_moment_of_inertia_of_a_I-beam.svg: Zielu20 derivative work: Wizard191 (talk) derivative work: Wizard191 (talk) Image:Section modulus-I-beam-weak axis.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Section_modulus-I-beam-weak_axis.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Area_moment_of_inertia_of_a_I-beam.svg: Zielu20 derivative work: Wizard191 (talk) Image:Area moment of inertia of a circle.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Area_moment_of_inertia_of_a_circle.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Contributors: Hemmingsen, INVERTED, WikipediaMaster, 1 anonymous edits Image:Area moment of inertia of a circular area.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Area_moment_of_inertia_of_a_circular_area.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Contributors: Hemmingsen, WikipediaMaster File:Section modulus-rectangular tube.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Section_modulus-rectangular_tube.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Area_moment_of_inertia_of_a_rectangle2.svg: Zielu20 derivative work: Wizard191 (talk) File:Secion modulus-diamond.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Secion_modulus-diamond.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Area_moment_of_inertia_of_a_square2.svg: Zielu20 derivative work: Wizard191 (talk) Image:Section modulus-C-channel.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Section_modulus-C-channel.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Area_moment_of_inertia_of_a_channel.svg: Zielu20 derivative work: Wizard191 (talk)

    License
    Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

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