Ndung 1
Ndung 1
Abstract. Immunization is the most frequent repeated processes that produce pain at
pediatric nursing. Pain due to immunization has short and long-term effects on
infant. The paradigm of pediatric nursing had changed through atraumatic care
approaches which minimalize pain. One of the non pharmacological interventions
that cheap, non invasive and quick onset of work which can be administered is oral
sucrose, an agent that could produces analgesic effect through endogen opioid
receptor activation. This study objective is to assess administration effect of oral
sucrose to pain intensity on infant with DPT-HB (DPT Combo) immunization. It is a
pre-experimental study with static group comparison design. Sample consists of 40
infants, randomly assigned by purposive sampling. The sample is divided into 2
groups, intervention and control ones. Data gathering uses assessment paper to know
the respondent characteristics while DAN score with structure observation was used
to assess the pain intensity. The result of 20 sample of intervention group is 35%
suffers mild, 60% moderate and 5% severe pain while 20 sample of control, 5%
suffers moderate and the rest 95% with severe pain. Based on Mann Whitney U-test,
this difference is statistically significant with p=0.000 which means there is effect of
oral sucrose administration to pain intensity on infant with DPT-HB (DPT Combo)
immunization. This study recommends the health professional to use oral sucrose on
immunization process to reduce pain intensity.
Keywords: immunization, pain, oral sucrose
PENDAHULUAN
Proporsi penduduk di Indonesia
40 persennya adalah anak-anak dan
remaja (Kustiningsih dan Hartati,
2008:87-96), dimana pada populasi ini
akan menjalani prosedur imunisasi
secara berulang. Imunisasi merupakan
suatu usaha memberikan kekebalan
selanjutnya
diharapkan
mencari
jumlah sampel yang lebih banyak
sehingga hasil penelitian mewakili
jumlah populasi, mengontrol faktorfaktor yang mempengaruhi seperti
karakteristik (rentang usia) yang
homogen, adanya faktor kontak kulit
ibu kepada bayi sehingga mengurangi
adanya bias dalam penelitian, masih
terdapat 1 sampel yang mengalami
nyeri berat pada kelompok perlakuan
sehingga perlu dilihat beberapa faktorfaktor yang mempengaruhi dan di
homogenkan
serta
diharapkan
membandingkan
intervensi
oral
sukrosa
dengan
intervensi
nonfarmakologis lainnya (memeluk
bayi oleh ibu, menyusui, dll) dalam
manajemen nyeri imunisasi.
Penelitian
ini
dapat
diaplikasikan dan diterapkan sebagai
intervensi
nonfarmakologis
yang
berbasis atraumatic care khususnya
dalam penatalaksanaan nyeri dalam
keperawatan anak sehingga dapat
meningkatkan mutu
pelayanan
kesehatan. Tim kesehatan juga
sebaiknya lebih komunikatif dalam
memberikan
informasi
mengenai
penatalaksanaan intervensi ini.
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