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Patho Dengue

This document summarizes the pathophysiology of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. It outlines predisposing and precipitating factors, the viral replication process in mosquitos and humans, the body's immune response, signs and symptoms, complications including hemorrhage and shock, diagnostic tests, and nursing care considerations. Dengue virus is transmitted via mosquito bites and causes fever, headache, rash and bleeding complications in severe cases. Nursing focuses on monitoring for shock, fluid management and minimizing risk of further bleeding.

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Lindy Shane Boncales
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
190 views

Patho Dengue

This document summarizes the pathophysiology of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. It outlines predisposing and precipitating factors, the viral replication process in mosquitos and humans, the body's immune response, signs and symptoms, complications including hemorrhage and shock, diagnostic tests, and nursing care considerations. Dengue virus is transmitted via mosquito bites and causes fever, headache, rash and bleeding complications in severe cases. Nursing focuses on monitoring for shock, fluid management and minimizing risk of further bleeding.

Uploaded by

Lindy Shane Boncales
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PREDISPOSING FACTOR -Geographical area -Race -Gender -Socioeconomic -Genetic

DENGUE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Aedes Aegypti/ Aedes albopictus (dengue virus carrier) (8-12 days of viral replication on mosquito salivary glands

PRECIPITATING FACTOR -Environmental Condition -Immunocompromise -Mosquito carrying dengue -Sweaty Skin

Bite from mosquito (portal of entry in the skin)

Allowing dengue virus to be inoculated towards the circulation (incubation period of 3-14 days)

Virus disseminated rapidly into the blood

Virus will present in the circulation

Stimulates WBC inducing B lymphocytes

Viremia

Secrets immunoglobulin (antibodies) and monocytes (macrophages, neutrophils)

Antibodies attack to the viral antigen

Monocytes/macrophages will perform phagocytosis through FC receptors w/in the cell

Dengue replicates w/in the cell Entry to spleen Entry to lymphnode Entry to bone marrrow

Recognition of dengue viral antigen on infected monocytes

Stays in the area

Inflammation Release of cytokine w/c consists of vasoactive agents (urokinase and platelet activating factor) NURSING DIAGNOSIS (FOR COUGH) -Ineffective airway clearance r/t to unproductive cough -Monitor V/S -Encourage to increase fluid intake -Encourage to expectorate sputum -Perform deep breathing SIGNS & SYMPTOMS -Diaphoresis -Warm Skin -Flushed -Headache -Body Weakness -Vomiting -Cough -Nausea -Fever (Intermittent) -Swollen Lymph

Stimulates WBC and Pyrogen release

DENGUE FEVER

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT -Intravenous Fluid -Administer Sulbactam

Virus ultimately target the liver and spleen

Cellular direct destruction

Inflammation

Infection in RBC marrow and shortened platelet count DIAGNOSTIC EXAMINATION -Hematologic Test -Decreased platelet count -41 k/uL (150-450 k/uL)

Apoptosis/Cell Death MEDICAL MANAGEMENT -Intravenous Fluid -Administer Cimetidine SIGNS & SYMPTOMS -Abdominal Pain -Accompanied with vomiting Hepatosplenomegaly

Thrombocytopenia

DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS -Red sclera on both eyes -Petechiae -Bruises

NURSING DIAGNOSIS -Pain r/t to possible hepatosplenomegaly secondary to DHF

Increase size and number of pores in the capillaries

Increase capillary permeability

Fluid shifting from blood to interstitial fluid

Fluid accumulation in the lungs Coagulopathy Increase amount of fluid that can impair breathing SIGNS & SYMPTOMS -Nonproductive cough with white sputum -Difficulty in breathing

Leakage in the plasma

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Hypovolemia Low BP Tachycardia Tachypnea

PLEURAL EFFUSION

Shock Bleeding

Severe Bleeding

Death MEDICAL MANAGEMENT -Platelet/ Blood Transfusion -Administer Tranexamic Acid -Intravenous solution -ORESOL -CBC urinalysis, fecalysis lab test -Administer Cimitidine NURSING DIAGNOSIS -Risk for shock r/t increase capillary permeability secondary to DHF NURSING MANAGEMENT -monitor V/S every 10 minutes Or earlier -Apply ice cap -Elevate the head -Protect the patient from sudden accidents -Monitor IVF -Stop the activity of the client immediately -Give time to rest -Use soft bristle toothbrush -Encourage avoid dark colored foods SIGNS & SYMPTOMS -Epistaxis -Melena -Hematemesis -Headache -Bruising -Abdominal Pain -Chest pain -Petechiae -Low BP -Clammy Skin -Paleness -SOB -Weakness

LEGEND: y Those that are highlighted have been manifested by the client.

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