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    This document is a project report submitted for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical and Electronics. It summarizes the development of an automatic solar tracking system to maximize solar power harvesting. The system uses an LDR light detector to sense sunlight intensity and a DC servo motor controlled by a microcontroller to adjust the position of solar panels accordingly. It tracks the sun along a single axis for residential use. Testing showed it was able to track the sun and maintain maximum output power regardless of motor speed.

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    Khan Eee fRONT PAGE

    Uploaded by

    Mahesh Tiwari
    20 views9 pages
    This document is a project report submitted for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical and Electronics. It summarizes the development of an automatic solar tracking system to maximize solar power harvesting. The system uses an LDR light detector to sense sunlight intensity and a DC servo motor controlled by a microcontroller to adjust the position of solar panels accordingly. It tracks the sun along a single axis for residential use. Testing showed it was able to track the sun and maintain maximum output power regardless of motor speed.

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    This document is a project report submitted for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical and Electronics. It summarizes the development of an automatic solar tracking system to maximize solar power harvesting. The system uses an LDR light detector to sense sunlight intensity and a DC servo motor controlled by a microcontroller to adjust the position of solar panels accordingly. It tracks the sun along a single axis for residential use. Testing showed it was able to track the sun and maintain maximum output power regardless of motor speed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    20 views9 pages

    Khan Eee fRONT PAGE

    Uploaded by

    Mahesh Tiwari
    This document is a project report submitted for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical and Electronics. It summarizes the development of an automatic solar tracking system to maximize solar power harvesting. The system uses an LDR light detector to sense sunlight intensity and a DC servo motor controlled by a microcontroller to adjust the position of solar panels accordingly. It tracks the sun along a single axis for residential use. Testing showed it was able to track the sun and maintain maximum output power regardless of motor speed.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    SUN TRACKING SOLAR CELL

    PROJECT REPORT

    SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

    BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS Submitted by MD SHAMSHUDDIN MOHAMMAD DANISH K C S VENUGOPAL VIVEK KUMAR Reg. No. 081052639 081052645 081052946 081052980

    Under the Guidance of Mr. B. GIRIDHAR Assistant Professor


    Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

    DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING


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    ANNAMALAI

    UNIVERSITY

    ANNAMALAI NAGAR 608 002 MAY 2012

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    ANNAMALAI

    UNIVERSITY

    DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

    BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
    This is to certify that this Thesis titled SOLAR SUN TRACKING is a bonafide record of the work done by MD SHAMSHUDDIN (081052639), MOHAMMAD DANISH (081052645), K C S VENUGOPAL (081052946), VIVEK KUMAR (081052980) in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical & Electronic) during the year 2011 2012.

    Mr.B .GIRIDHAR
    Project Guide Assistant Professor Department of Electrical Engg. Annamalai University.

    Dr. S. VELUSAMI
    Professor and Head Dept. of Electrical Engg. Annamalai University

    Internal Examiner

    External Examiner

    Place: Annamalainagar Date:

    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
    We extremely thankful to Dr. S.VELUSAMI, Professor and Head of Department of Electrical Engineering for providing necessary facilities required for completing this work. We would like to express our profound sense of gratitude to our project guide Mr. B GIRIDHAR, Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Annamalai University we express our sincere gratitude and hearty thanks to him for his support, valuable suggestions and excellent guidance of every stage of this work. We extent our sincere thanks to our beloved project Co-ordinator Dr. I.A. CHIDAMBARAM Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering for his valuable advice inspiring encouragement our hearty thanks for timely assistance as without his help this project would have been unimaginable.

    MD SHAMSHUDDIN MOHAMMAD DANISH KCS VENUGOPAL VIVEK KUMAR

    ABSTRACT
    Solar power generation had been used as a renewable energy since years ago. Residential that uses solar power as their alternative power supply will bring benefits to them. The main objective of this project is to develop an automatic solar tracking system which will keep the solar panels aligned with the Sun in order to maximize in harvesting solar power. The system tracks the maximum intensity of light. When the intensity of light is decreasing, this system automatically changes its direction to get maximum intensity of light. LDR light detector is used to trace the coordinate of the Sun. While to rotate the appropriate position of the panel, a DC servo motor is used. The system is controlled by two relays as a driver and a microcontroller as a main processor. This project is covered for a single axis and is designed for residential usage. Finally, the project is able to track and follow the Sun intensity in order to get maximum power at the output regardless motor speed.

    ii


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    iii

    CONTENTS
    CHAPTER NO. TITLE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT (TAMIL) LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES 1 SOLAR TRACKING UNIT 1.1 1.2 Solar Tracker Component Description 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.3 2 Battery Solar Panel Theory and Construction Crystalline Silicon Modules LCD Display PAGE NO. i ii iii vi vii 1 1 3 3 4 6 7 9 14 14 15 16 19 20 20 22 23

    INTRODUCTION OF MICROCONTROLLER (8051) 2.1 2.2 2.3 Features of 8051 microcontroller Pin Diagram Pin Description

    ARCHITECTURE OF 8051 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Symbol Functions Program Counter and Data Pointer Special Functional Registers 8951 Oscillator and Clock

    iv

    SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT 4.1 4.2 4.3 KEIL-C51 Compiler Support for all 8051 Variants Operation

    25 25 25 26 27 27 36 36 37 38 38 39 40

    SCOPE OF SOLAR TRACKER 5.1 5.2 Type of Solar Collector Drive Types 5.2.1 Active Tracker

    5.2.2. Passive Tracker 5.2.3 5.3 6 Chronological Tracker

    Applications

    CONCLUSION REFERENCES

    LIST OF FIGURES
    FIGURE NO. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 4.1 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 TITLE Horizontal single axis tracker Circuit diagram of real time implementation LCD display V battery Pin Diagram Reset Architecture PAGE NO. 2 4 8 10 15 18 19 23 26 31 32 34 36 37

    Crystal oscillator
    Keil vision2 Horizontal single axis tracker Tilted single axis tracker Tip-tilt dual axis tracker Slewing drive Passive tracker

    vi

    LIST OF TABLES

    TABLE NO. 1.1 1.2 2.1 LCD Pin Description

    TITLE

    PAGE NO. 9 13 22

    Comparison of the current between fixed pv and using the proposed system

    Ports

    vii

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