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    Power Electronics 1: ENEL371S2

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    This lecture discusses the steady-state analysis of a boost converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). Key points covered include: 1. Deriving the boundary between continuous conduction mode (CCM) and DCM based on the maximum and average inductor current. 2. Analyzing the three circuit states (ON, OFF, IDLE) of the boost converter in DCM using Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws. 3. Calculating the step-up ratio of the boost converter in DCM, which depends highly on the output current. 4. Solving the quadratic equation derived from the resistance load to determine the final step-up ratio expression in terms of design parameters like

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    Power Electronics 1: ENEL371S2

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    This lecture discusses the steady-state analysis of a boost converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). Key points covered include: 1. Deriving the boundary between continuous conduction mode (CCM) and DCM based on the maximum and average inductor current. 2. Analyzing the three circuit states (ON, OFF, IDLE) of the boost converter in DCM using Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws. 3. Calculating the step-up ratio of the boost converter in DCM, which depends highly on the output current. 4. Solving the quadratic equation derived from the resistance load to determine the final step-up ratio expression in terms of design parameters like

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    PE_ENEL37_6

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    This lecture discusses the steady-state analysis of a boost converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). Key points covered include: 1. Deriving the boundary between continuous conduction mode (CCM) and DCM based on the maximum and average inductor current. 2. Analyzing the three circuit states (ON, OFF, IDLE) of the boost converter in DCM using Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws. 3. Calculating the step-up ratio of the boost converter in DCM, which depends highly on the output current. 4. Solving the quadratic equation derived from the resistance load to determine the final step-up ratio expression in terms of design parameters like

    Copyright:

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    48 views21 pages

    Power Electronics 1: ENEL371S2

    Uploaded by

    bpd21
    This lecture discusses the steady-state analysis of a boost converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). Key points covered include: 1. Deriving the boundary between continuous conduction mode (CCM) and DCM based on the maximum and average inductor current. 2. Analyzing the three circuit states (ON, OFF, IDLE) of the boost converter in DCM using Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws. 3. Calculating the step-up ratio of the boost converter in DCM, which depends highly on the output current. 4. Solving the quadratic equation derived from the resistance load to determine the final step-up ratio expression in terms of design parameters like

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    ENEL371S2

    Power Electronics 1
    Lecture 6 Boost Converter
    Discontinuous Conduction Department of ECE University of Canterbury 2012

    Boost Regulator
    Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM)
    iL
    Average Value

    iL(max)

    t iL(min) iL(min)

    Read Chapter 7, Mohan etc.

    Basic Requirements
    For the steady-state analysis of Boost Regulator in DCM g

    Things we need to calculate


    1. 1 Output/Input voltage ratio 2. Boundary between CCM and DCM

    Things we need t k Thi d to know


    1. 2. 2 3. 4. 4 Write KVL and KCL equations to describe it Draw th i d t current/voltage waveform D the inductor t/ lt f Draw the capacitor current waveform Draw three circuit states (ON/OFF/IDLE)

    Assumptions
    To simplify the analysis, for steady-state steady state boost regulator, it is reasonable to assume
    1. 1 vC i reasonably ripple f is bl i l free ( 1% ripple) (~1% i l ) and io is ripple-free (io=Io) too

    1 inductor : id = iL , Ts

    Ts

    vL dt = 0

    vo 1 capacitor : io = I o = , R Ts

    Ts

    iC dt = 0

    Boost Converter (Regulators)


    id = iL
    id

    Two Tasks:

    I d vo 1 vd I d = vo I o = = I o vd 1 k

    1. Boundary between CCM and DCM 2. Step-up 2 Step up Ratio in DCM

    Circuit States in CCM


    KVL
    io
    vd vL = vd vo charging L discharging L

    vC = vo = io R = I o R

    KCL
    io iC = iL io id iL = iC + io charging L discharging L charging L g g discharging L

    Boundary btw CCM and DCM


    vd t vd -vo iL(max) IL=Id
    charging discharging

    CCM

    When inductor current iL goes to zero at the end of switch off period, circuit reaches the boundary between CCM and DCM. Average inductor current at this boundary ILB :

    t vC t

    vC(max) ton vC(min) ( ) toff kTs Ts

    I LB

    1 1 = iL = iL (max) 2 2

    IL: average inductor current

    Boundary btw CCM and DCM


    At the boundary
    Inductor Current

    kvd k (1 k )vo I L = = 1 vo Lf s Lf s k (1 k ) I LB = 2 fs L 1 1 I LB = iL (max) = I L 2 2

    Output Current

    1 IL = Id = Io (1 k ) 1 vo 2 k (1 k ) I oB = 2 fs L 1 vo I LB = k (1 k ) 2 fs L

    Boundary btw CCM and DCM


    With given Ts, vd, vo, L and k, if average inductor current IL < ILB (or load current Io < IoB ) ), then iL will become discontinuous.
    dI LB =0 dk k = 0 5 I LB (max) 0.5, 1 vo = 8 fs L

    dI oB =0 dk 1 2 vo k = , I oB (max) = 3 27 f s L

    Boundary btw CCM and DCM


    With given Ts, vd, vo, IO and k, if the inductor value L is less than Lmin, iL will become discontinuous. 1 vo 2 I oB = k (1 k ) 2 fs L

    vo 1 = vd 1 k
    Lmin

    vo = I o R

    Resistive Load

    vo vd R 2 2 k (1 k ) = k (1 k ) = k (1 k ) = 2 fs Io 2 fs 2 fs Io

    Can be used for the design of inductor value L

    Circuit States in DCM


    (1) (3)

    (2)

    vo io = I o = , R

    vd vL = vd vo KVL 0

    Circuit (1) Circuit (2) Circuit (3) (

    I o KCL iC = iL I o I o

    Circuit (1) Circuit (2) Circuit (3)

    Step-up Ratio in DCM


    vL vd t vd -vo
    T

    v (t) dt = 0
    L 0 kTs

    DCM

    vd dt +
    0

    ( k +k1 )Ts
    kTs

    (v

    vo ) dt = 0

    iL

    iL(max) IL=Id t

    vo k + k1 = , 0 < k + k1 < 1 vd k1

    kTs
    charging

    k1Ts k2Ts
    discharging idle

    Ts

    vo 1 = , k + k1 = 1 CCM vd 1 k

    Discharging duration k1Ts is still unknown, how to get it ?

    Step-up Ratio in DCM


    vL toff vd vd -vo iL iL(max) iL t iC
    Discharging Capacitor Charging Capacitor

    1 Ts
    t

    Ts

    iC dt = 0
    kTs t < ( k + k1 ) Ts ( k + k1 ) Ts t < Ts 0 t < kTs

    I o iC = iL I o I o

    ( k + k1 )Ts
    kTs

    (i

    I o ) dt +

    (1+ k )Ts

    iC
    idle

    iL

    ( k + k1 )Ts

    ( I ) dt = 0
    o

    -Io

    ton

    k1Ts kTs

    Ts

    iL I oTs + k1Ts = 0 2 2Io k1 = iL

    Step-up Ratio in DCM


    vL toff vd vd -vo iL iL(max) iL t iC
    Discharging Di h i Capacitor Charging Capacitor

    vo k + k1 = vd k1
    t
    Inductor current ripple in DCM

    2Io k1 = iL
    1 kTs = vL dt L 0

    ton period : iL = iL (max) vd vd iL = kTs = k L fs L

    iC
    idle

    iL

    -Io

    ton

    k1Ts kTs

    Ts

    Io 2 fs L k+ vo k + k1 vd k = = Io 2 fs L vd k1 vd k

    Step-up Ratio in DCM


    Step-up ratio highly depend on output current Io in DCM

    CCM

    DCM

    Io 2 fs L k+ vo vd k = Io 2 fs L vd vd k

    Step-up Ratio in DCM


    With resistance load R: vo = I o R

    Io 2 fs L vo 2 f s L k+ k+ 2 vo vo vo vd k vd kR == = Io 2 fs L vo 2 f s L vd vd vd vd k vd kR

    k2R =0 2 fs L

    Quadratic equation can be easily solved for vo/vd . Step-up Ratio vo in DCM

    vd

    2k 2 R 1+ 1+ fs L 2

    >0

    Quadratic Equation

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadratic_equation

    Lecture 6 - Summary
    Steady-State Boost Converter in DCM
    Step-up ratio Inductor current ripple Switch peak current

    Boundary between CCM and DCM

    id

    Lecture 6 - Summary
    Please do practice to
    1. Draw three circuit states (ON/OFF/IDLE), and write corresponding KVL and KCL equations to describe boost converter !!! 2. Draw the inductor current/voltage waveforms in DCM 3. Draw the capacitor current/voltage waveforms in DCM 4. Draw the diode current waveform in DCM

    Homework #6
    Download h D l d homework #6 questions f k ti for Lecture 6 from Learn/ENEL371/Term3/Lecture6 L /ENEL371/T 3/L t 6

    Contact Information:
    Dr. Dr Keliang Zhou Office: Electrical A512 Email: [email protected] Phone: 3642240 Ext.6240
    21

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