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    Computer Networks

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    Haneesha Muddasani
    The document discusses the OSI reference model and TCP/IP model for computer networks. The OSI model has 7 layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layer. Each layer has specific responsibilities and adds header information to the data as it passes to the lower layers. The TCP/IP model collapses some of these layers and has 4 layers - physical, data link, network, and transport. The document provides details on the responsibilities and issues handled at each layer of the OSI model.

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    Computer Networks

    Uploaded by

    Haneesha Muddasani
    29 views16 pages
    The document discusses the OSI reference model and TCP/IP model for computer networks. The OSI model has 7 layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layer. Each layer has specific responsibilities and adds header information to the data as it passes to the lower layers. The TCP/IP model collapses some of these layers and has 4 layers - physical, data link, network, and transport. The document provides details on the responsibilities and issues handled at each layer of the OSI model.

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    The document discusses the OSI reference model and TCP/IP model for computer networks. The OSI model has 7 layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layer. Each layer has specific responsibilities and adds header information to the data as it passes to the lower layers. The TCP/IP model collapses some of these layers and has 4 layers - physical, data link, network, and transport. The document provides details on the responsibilities and issues handled at each layer of the OSI model.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    29 views16 pages

    Computer Networks

    Uploaded by

    Haneesha Muddasani
    The document discusses the OSI reference model and TCP/IP model for computer networks. The OSI model has 7 layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application layer. Each layer has specific responsibilities and adds header information to the data as it passes to the lower layers. The TCP/IP model collapses some of these layers and has 4 layers - physical, data link, network, and transport. The document provides details on the responsibilities and issues handled at each layer of the OSI model.

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    Computer Networks

    OSI Vs TCP/IP

    OSI Reference Model


    Layered model: 7. Application 6. Presentation 5. Session 4. Transport 3. Network 2. Data Link 1. Physical

    OSI Reference Model

    Physical Layer
    Responsibility: Responsibility transmission of raw bits over a communication channel. Issues: Issues mechanical and electrical interfaces time per bit distances

    Data Link Layer Data Link Control


    provide an error-free communication link Issues: framing (dividing data into chunks) header & trailer bits addressing

    10110110101

    01100010011

    10110000001

    Data Link Layer The MAC sublayer


    Medium Access Control - needed by mutiaccess networks. MAC provides DLC with virtual wires on multiaccess networks.

    Network Layer
    Responsibilities: path selection between end-systems (routing). subnet flow control. fragmentation & reassembly translation between different network types. Issues: virtual circuits

    Transport Layer
    Responsibilities: provides virtual end-to-end links between peer processes. end-to-end flow control Issues: error detection reliable communication

    Session Layer
    Responsibilities: establishes, manages, and terminates sessions between applications. service location lookup Note:Many protocol suites do not include a Note: session layer.

    Presentation Layer
    Responsibilities: Data conversion Data Compression Data Encryption and Decryption

    Note:Many protocol suites do not include a Note: session layer.

    Application Layer
    application level protocols appropriate selection of type of service

    anything not provided by any of the other layers Data

    Layering & Headers


    Each layer needs to add some control information to the data in order to do its job. This information is typically prepended to the data before being given to the lower layer. Once the lower layers deliver the the data and control information - the peer layer uses the control information.

    To remember

    What are the headers?


    Physical no header - just a bunch of bits. Data Link address of the receiving endpoints address of the sending endpoint length of the data checksum.

    Network layer header examples


    type of service length of the data packet identifier fragment number time to live protocol header checksum source network address destination network address

    TCP/IP Model
    Layered model: 5. Application 4. Transport 3. Network 2. Data Link 1. Physical

    Layering & Headers


    Application DATA Application

    Transport

    DATA

    Transport

    Network

    DATA

    Network

    Data Link

    DATA

    Data Link

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