Engineering Formulae
Engineering Formulae
Engineering Formulae
Inputs Absorber flowrate Inlet water content Outlet water content Atmospheric pressure Absorber pressure # of days operated Gas lost = Units 6.5 MMSCFD 100.0 pounds/ MMSCF 7.0 pounds/ MMSCF 12.8 PSIA 700.0 PSIG 31.0 days 16.8 MSCF
Harvey Stockman
Atmospheric Pressure
5,280
feet
12.1565 psia
ESTIMATED TIME TO BLOW DOWN A PIPELINE = Pipe outside diameter (actual) Pipe wall thickness Pipe Length Beginning Pressure Ending Pressure 1st blowoff diameter (nominal) 2nd blowoff diameter (nominal) Blowoff factor - .63 or .80 Beginning Volume Ending Volume Estimated minutes to blow down 8.625 inches 0.188 inches 41280 feet 600 psig 0 psig 4 inches 0 inches Put 0 if only 1 blowoff 1500 psi maximum INPUT CELLS
0.63 .63 for plug valves, .80 for ball valves 711.4 mcf 14.6 mcf 39
Kim Kuhl
Maximum Operating Pressure = Yield Strength of the Plate Steel = Pipe Diameter =
0.4361
inches
= = = = = = = = =
Pipe Size 12 14 16 18 20 24 30 36 42
= = = = = = = = =
OD 12.75 14 16 18 20 24 30 36 42
Kim Kuhl
4 2 30
14.75
MCF
Kim Kuhl
Torque (Lb. - ft.) = (Horsepower x 5250)/RPM Horsepower = RPM = Torque = 100 100 5,250 Lb. Ft.
Conversions
BTU to Therm BTU to Decatherm BTU to Cubic Feet BTU to MCF Therm to BTU Therm to MCF Therm to MMCF Therm to BCF Therm to Decatherm Decatherm to Therm Decatherm to MMBTU Cubic Feet to MCF Cubic Feet to MMCF MCF to MMCF MCF to BCF MMCF to BCF MMBTU to Decatherm BTU = BTU = BTU = BTU = Therm = Therm = Therm = Therm = Therm = Decatherm = Decatherm = Cubic Feet = Cubic Feet = MCF = MCF = MMCF = MMBTU = 100,000.00 1,000,000.00 1,000.00 1,000,000.00 1.00 10,000.00 8,000.00 80,000.00 10.00 1.00 1.00 1,000.00 1,000,000.00 1,000.00 1,000,000.00 1,000.00 1.00 Therm = Decatherm = Cubic Feet = MCF = BTU = MCF = MMCF = BCF = Decatherm = Therm = MMBTU = MCF = MMCF = MMCF = BCF = BCF = Decatherm = 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 100,000.00 1,000.00 0.80 0.01 1.00 10.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Assumption 1 Cubic Foot = 1,000 BTU Mega = a million times Kilo = a thousand times Hecto = a hundred times Deca = ten times
Welding Electrode
24 3
inches pounds
24 72 pounds
Estimate of the Number of Nitrogen Bottles required to test a short section of pipe Pipe OD inches = Wall Thickness inches = Pipe Length in feet = Test Pressure psig = Volume in scf = Volume of the Nitrogen bottle cu ft. = Pressure in the Nitrogen bottle in psig = 4.5 0.154 200 1,500 1,961 410 2,640 Check with you Nitrogen Supplier for Volume information on your bottles. There are many different bottle sizes and working pressures.
10.5
MAXIMUM MAXIMUM Allowable PRESSURE Pressure forFOR Taping HOT or Welding TAPING on a Pressurized Line.
O D of the pipe in inches = 36.000 inches Pipe Wall Thickness Factor = 0.6 %
Maximum Pressure =
1,200 PSIG
= = = = = = = = =
Pipe Size 12 14 16 18 20 24 30 36 42
= = = = = = = = =
OD 12.75 14 16 18 20 24 30 36 42
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Temperature Series 15 Series 30 Series 40 Series 60 Series 90 Degrees or or or or or Fahr. ASA 150 ASA 300 ASA 400 ASA 600 ASA 900 ASA 1500 ASA 2500 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 275 255 240 225 210 195 180 165 150 140 130 120 110 100 92 82 720 710 700 690 680 675 665 650 625 590 555 515 470 425 365 300 960 945 930 920 910 900 890 870 835 790 740 690 635 575 490 400 1440 1420 1400 1380 1365 1350 1330 1305 1250 1180 1110 1030 940 850 730 600 2160 2130 2100 2070 2050 2025 2000 1955 1875 1775 1660 1550 1410 1275 1100 900 3600 3550 3500 3450 3415 3375 3330 3255 3125 2955 2770 2580 2350 2125 1830 1500 6000 5915 5830 5750 5690 5625 5550 5430 5210 4925 4620 4300 3920 3550 3050 2500
Tanks
TANK VOLUME
THIS PROGRAM WILL GIVE YOU THE VOLUME IN GALS OF A FLAT END TANK, MOUNTED HORIZONTALLY FORMULA IS (1/4 * Pi DIAMETER squared * LENGTH)*(HEIGHT OF LIQUID/DIAMET
78 114 55
Volume in Tank =
1,662.80 gallons
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Tanks
K, MOUNTED T OF LIQUID/DIAMETER)
Page 17
For a Rip or Gouge, figure the Equivalent Diameter and place this value in the "Diameter of hole"
Temperature Drop across a Regulator or Control Valve. Inlet Pressure in psig = Outlet Pressure in psig = 600 200
Temperature Drop =
27.2
degrees
2,000.0 7 583.3
Odorant Levels
Odorant in Part Per Million (PPM)= Odorant in pounds/MMCFD = Odorant in Parts Per Million "PPM" = Odorant level in Percent =
3 0.73 3 0.05
Pounds/MMCFD Parts Per Million "PPM" Percent Parts Per Million "PPM"
1 5
Equals = Equals =
6.73 0.74
Pounds Gallons
Gas Vol
Volume of Gas
Starting Pressure in psig = Ending Pressure in psig = Pipe OD in inches = Pipe Wall Thickness inches = Length in Feet = Price per MCF = Pipe Size 2 2 1/2 3 3 1/2 4 5 6 8 10 OD 2.375 2.875 3.5 4 4.5 5.563 6.625 8.625 10.75 15 0 20 0.312 37,000 $2.00 Pipe Size 12 14 16 18 20 24 30 36 42 OD 12.75 14 16 18 20 24 30 36 42 Gas Value = $155 Total Volume in MCF = 77.7
= = = = = = = = =
= = = = = = = = =
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Tape Coat
Nominal Pipe Diameter, inches = Length in Feet = Surface Area in Square Feet = Feet of coating per roll = Width of coating in inches = % of overlap = Rolls of coating required =
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% of SMYS
SMYS of Pipe, psi = Pipe Wall Thickness, inches = Nominal Pipe Diameter, inches = Operating Pressure = Yield Pressure, psig = % of SMYS at Operating Pressure =
PL Design
SMYS of Pipe, psi = Pipe Wall Thickness, inches = Actual Outside Diameter, inches = Seam Factor Class of Operation Factor = Class 1 = 0.72 Class 2 = 0.60 Class 3 = 0.50 Class 4 = 0.40 SMYS = 1.0 Pressure at 100% SMYS =
Operating pressure =
535
% of SMYS =
39.28%
MAOP, psig =
654
1,362
(for temp. <250 degrees, design factor = 1, longitudinal joint factor = 1) See DOT Part 192.101 for explaination
= = = = = = = = =
Pipe Size 12 14 16 18 20 24 30 36 42
= = = = = = = = =
OD 12.75 14 16 18 20 24 30 36 42
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Air Blending
Starting Gas Volume scf Starting BTU/scf to Ending BTU/scf Required Air Volume scf Total Blended Volume scf BTU Balance Check
70,000,000
1,100
1,020
5,490,196
75,490,196
77,000,000,000 77,000,000,000
Gas Blending
Starting Gas Volume scf Starting BTU/scf Ending BTU/scf Blending Gas BTU/scf Volume of Blending Gas Required scf BTU Balance Check
220
1,050
1,054
1,140
10
230 scf
Tank Truck
Page 27
Tank Truck
Page 28
Tensile
Tensile Strength of Weld Test Coupon Width Inches 1.1290 1.1245 1.1268 0.3132 Thickness Inches 0.2810 0.2750 0.2780
Thickest Reading Next Reading Average Thickness Test Gage Pressure psig =
12,000.0
Multiplier =
2.0000
76,619.4
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GAS VELOCITY
Gas Volume in MCFD = Nominal Pipe Diameter in inches = Pipe Wall thickness in inches = Pressure in psig = Barometric Pressure = Gas Temperature Deg. F = Gas Velocity = Gas Velocity = 198,000 24 0.312 780 14.7 45 13.8 9.4 ft/sec. miles/hr
Pig Speed
PIG SPEED
Volume of gas = Average Pressure = Barometric Pressure = Outside dia. of pipe = Pipe wall thickness = Speed = Speed =
MMCFD Starting pressure + End pressure / 2 PSIA Inches Inches MPH Ft./Sec. Distance/miles = Time/hours = 100 14.20
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Nominal Pipe Diameter, inches = Pipe Wall Thickness, inches = Pressure, psig =
8.625 0.188 50
179
Page 32
Page 33
O. D. of the Pipe in inches = Wall thickness of the Pipe in Inches = Weight of the pipe per foot is = Buoyancy in lbs./ft. =
Weight
Nominal Pipe Diameter, inches = Pipe Wall Thickness, inches = Length in Feet =
16.81
Page 35
Weight
Page 36
Water Volume
WATER VOLUME
Nominal Pipe Diameter, inches = Pipe Wall Thickness, inches = Length in Feet = or Length in Miles =
Page 38
MM to Inches
Conversion Tables
MM to Inches/Feet
MM = Inches = Feet = 60 2.00 3.00 Inches = 2.36 MM = MM = Feet = 50.8 914.4 0.20
Meters to Feet
Meters = Feet = 62.50 3.28 Feet = Meters = 205.06 1.00
Meters to Yards
Meters = Yards = 1.00 1.09 Yards = Meters = 1.09 1.00
Meters to Miles
Meters = Miles = 1,609.00 1.00 Miles = Meters = 1.00 1,609.30
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Drying
24 10
Page 40
Drying
Page 41
Bolts
8 - 7/8" x 5 1/2"
8 - 7/8" x 5 1/2"
8 - 1 1/8" x 6 1/2"
12 - 1 1/8" x 7 1/2"
12 - 1 3/8" x 8 1/2"
16 - 1 3/8" x 9"
20 - 1 3/8" x 10"
20 - 1 1/2" x 10 1/2"
20 - 1 5/8" x 11"
20 - 1 7/8" x 13"
20 - 2" x 13 1/2"
20 - 2 1/2" x 17"
20 - 2 3/4" x 17 1/2" 20 - 3" x 18 1/2" 20 - 3" x 19" 20 - 3 1/4" x 20" 20 - 3 1/2" x 21" 20 - 3 1/2" x 21 1/2"
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Bolts
Page 43
Hour
Grains to Parts per Million Grains = 2.45 Parts Per Million = 38.96
Y- Z Odorizer Calibration
Volume per Stroke = Weight of the Odorant = Volume of Odorant to be injected = Volume = Strokes = Gas Volume to be treated = Total Strokes required = Strokes per minute at a steady flow = Time between Strokes =
0.0011
gallons/stroke
1 gal = 3,785 cc
0.0149 0.1
gallons/day pounds/day
6145.01 Seconds
Temperature Conversions
212.0 100.0
100.0 212.0
MCF to MMBTU
MMBTU =
0.90
MCF =
1.00
Page 49