8 .

You learned a rectangle

What are you going
to learn? and its properties when you
were at an elementary school.
To define a rectangle.
To discover the To recall them, discuss the
formula of the following tasks with your
perimeter and area of
a rectangle. classmate(s).
Key Term:
PROBLEM 1
• area
• perimeter a. Find something around you in which the surface
• rectangle has a shape of book pages.
b. Suppose one of your book pages has a
rectangular shape as shown in the figure below.
What are the elements of the rectangle ABCD?
D C

A B

Mini - Lab
Work in Groups
Materials: paper, scissors, a ruler, and a protractor.

1. Take a piece of paper forming a rectangle as in

D C
the figure on the right.
2. Cut the paper into 2 of the same measure and O
A B
share them with your classmate(s).
3. Name each rectangle ABCD.
4. Connect point A with point C, point B with point D, and mark the point of the intersection
from those 2 lines and name it.
5. Use ruler to measure the lengths of sides and diagonals of the rectangle ABCD!
AB =.......cm AD =........cm AC =........cm DC =.......cm BC =........cm
BD =.......cm OA =........cm OB =........cm OC =.......cm OD =........cm

6. What is the relation between the lengths of AB and DC , AD and BC , and AC and BD ?

7. What is the relation of the lengths of OA , OB , OC , and OD ?

8. Use the protractor to measure the following angles.
∠DAB =.......° ∠ABC =.......° ∠BCD =.......° ∠CDA =.......°
9. What is the relation of ∠DAB, ∠ABC, ∠BCD, and ∠CDA?
10. Cut all corners of rectangle ABCD and then fit together side by side. Do the B A
four angles form a whole turned angle or 360°?
11. Based on the activity, what can you conclude? Explain. C D

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 The elements of rectangle ABCD are sides AB , BC , CD , and
AD ; diagonal, that is AC dan BD ; and angles ∠A, ∠ B, ∠ C, and
∠D.

Properties of a rectangle are that:

1. it has equal opposite sides.
2. it has four right angles.
3. it has two diagonals that are equal and bisect each other.
Based on the properties above, we can conclude that:
A rectangle is a quadrilateral that has 4 right angles and its
opposite sides are equal in length.

Think about the following

1. “A rectangle is a quadrilateral which has 4 right angles.” Is the
statement enough to describe a rectangle?
2. Are opposite sides of a rectangle parallel? Explain your
answer.
3. “A rectangle is a quadrilateral with parallel opposite sides.” Is the
statement enough to describe a rectangle? Explain your answer.

PROBLEM 2
S R
The figure given is rectangle PQRS. 4 cm
2 cm
a. Name two pairs of equal sides.

b. What are the lengths of PS and PQ ? P Q

c. Name two diagonal lines.

d. Name two parallel sides.
e. Name all right angles.

304 / Student’s Book – Quadrilaterals

 Banana Garden Problem
Daddy has a rectangular banana garden which is 20 metres long
and 10 metres wide. He wants to make a fence around the garden.
What is the length of the fence?

Athlete Problem
An athlete is running around a rectangular field. This field is 160
metres long and 80 metres wide. If the athlete runs once around
the field, how far will he or she run?

Cloth Problem
Ani has a piece of rectangular cloth. The cloth will be decorated
with lace around it. If the cloth is p cm long and l cm wide, what
is the length of the lace that Ani should buy to decorate it?

Garden Fence Problem

Anto’s mother has a rectangular garden. The garden will be
fenced with 3 piles of wire. The length of the wire needed is
600 m. What is the measure of the garden of Anto’s mother?

PROBLEM 3
To answer those questions, what should be done?

PROBLEM 4
Answer the question in each problem above.

p PROBLEM 5
D C
If the sum of all sides of two-dimensional shapes is
l
called perimeter, then what is the perimeter of
A rectangle ABCD? Explain.
B

Mathematics for Junior High School Year 7 / 305

 Room Floor

Suppose you have a room. The room floor is in a

rectangular shape. The floor will be covered with
square tiles.

1. Suppose there are 120 units of tiles used. In your own words,
express the relation between 120 units of tiles and the floor of
your room.
2. Suppose 15 units of tiles can be placed along the length and 8
units of tiles can be placed along the width. What is the
relation between 15, 8, and 120?
3. Suppose there is a rectangular floor with 5 units of tiles in
length and 3 units of tiles in width. How many tiles exactly
are needed to cover the floor?

The number of tiles exactly used to cover the floor is called the
area of the floor in units of tiles

D C PROBLEM 6
l
w What is the area of rectangle ABCD on
the left? Explain.
A B

Suppose a rectangle with a length of l units and a width of w units and

the perimeter is P units and the area is A units, then the formula of the
perimeter and the area of the rectangle is
P = 2(l + w) and A = l × w

306 / Student’s Book – Quadrilaterals

 1. KLMN is a rectangle. Then
a. KL = ... cm and LM = ... N M

cm
b. KM = ..... 3 cm
c. NM =... cm and KN = ...
cm 6 cm
K L
d. ∠K = ∠ ..... = ∠ .....
= ∠ ..... = .....°
U
e. Two parallel lines are ...........................

2. RSTU is a rectangle.
a. RU = ..... = ..... cm R
5 cm
T
b. UT = ..... = ..... cm
c. RT = ..... = ..... cm 3 cm 4 cm

H G
S

O 3. EFGH is a rectangle, then

60° a. EF //..... and EH //..... d. ∠FOG = .....°
b. OE = ..... = OF = ..... e. ∠HOG= .....°
E F c. ∠EOF= ∠ ..... and ∠EOH= ∠ ..... X
5

4. UVWX is a rectangle, then U 10

O
a. x = ..... and y = ......
b. OX= ..... = ..... = ..... c. VX=..... 3x+7 W

5. On rectangle KLMN on the 2y−5

right, OK = 7 cm. V
N M
a. What are the lengths of OL, OM,
and ON?
O
b. What are the lengths of KM and
LN? K L
D C
6. ABCD is a rectangle. 5 cm

a. Name two pairs of equal and parallel lines.

8 cm
b. What are the lengths of BC and AB ?
A B

Mathematics for Junior High School Year 7 / 307

 7. Open Question. Name at least 5 objects around you that
have rectangular surface.

8. Sketch. Copy each rectangle below and draw its diagonals.

Y X S
H G

P
E F
U V Q

a. Complete. EG = ..... ; VY =..... ; and PR = ......

b. Name all pairs of parallel sides on each rectangle.
c. Name all right angles on each rectangle.

9. Open Question. Sketch rectangle RSTU with its diagonal of

6 cm and then measure the length of the 4 sides. How many
rectangles can be drawn?

10. Critical Thinking. What can you conclude about the sum
of four angles of a rectangle?

11. Critical Thinking. Look at rectangle ABCD below.

D C

O
100°

40°
A B

a. What are the measures of ∠DAO and ∠ABO?

b. List another angle that has the same measure as ∠DAO.
c. List another angle that has the same measure as ∠ABO.
d. What is the measure of ∠AOD?
e. List another angle that has the same measure as ∠AOD.
f. List another angle that has the same measure as ∠AOB.
12. How many triangles are there in rectangle ABCD in no. 11?

308 / Student’s Book – Quadrilaterals

 13. Complete the following table.

No. Length Width Perimeter of Rectangle Area of Rectangle

a. 6 mm 4 mm .......... mm ........ mm 2
b. 8 cm 5 cm .......... cm ........ cm 2
c. ...... dm 5 dm 34 dm ........ dm 2
d. ...... dm 8 dm 46 dm ........ dm 2
e. 10 m ...... m ........ m 60 m 2
f. 20m ...... m ........ m 140 m 2
g. ...... m ....... m ........ m 160 m 2

14. Calculate the perimeter and the area of rectangles with the
following measures:
a. Length is 17 dm and width is 7 dm.
b. Length is 20 mm and width is 5 mm.
c. Length is 25 m and width is 8 cm.
15. The area of a rectangle is 24 m 2 and the length of one of its
sides is 8 m. Determine the perimeter of the rectangle.

16. Open Question. Determine the dimension of a rectangle

with the area of 36 m 2 .
17. A rectangle is 4 cm wide and its perimeter is 28 cm. Calculate
the length and area of the rectangle.

18. Land. Pak Anwar will buy a piece of land forming a

rectangle of 30 m long and 20 m wide. The price of the land is
Rp 50,000.00 per m 2 . How much will Pak Anwar pay for the
land?

19. Critical Thinking. The perimeter of a rectangle is 100 cm.

The ratio of the length and the width of the rectangle is 3 : 2.
Calculate the length and the width of the rectangle.
20. Can you calculate the perimeter of a rectangle of a given area?
Explain your answer.

Mathematics for Junior High School Year 7 / 309

310 / Student’s Book – Quadrilaterals