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Engineering Teohnology Creativity

Universiti Malaysia PAHANG

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL & NATURAL RESOURCES ENGINEERING FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE COURSE CODE LECTURER DATE DURATION SESSION/SEMESTER : RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY (E) : BKC3833 : ROSLI BIN MOHD YUNUS :19 JUNE 2O13 :2 HOURS : SESSION 2012/2013 SEMESTER II

PROGRAMME CODE : BKC

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE: 1. 2. 3. 4. This question paper consists of FOURTY FOUR (44) questions. Answer ALL questions. All answers to a new question should start on new page. All the calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated. Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those allowed by the invigilator into the examination room.

EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS :-

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of NINE (9) printed pages including front page.

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QUESTION 1 What are wastes, scheduled wastes and non-scheduled wastes? (3 Marks) QUESTION 2 An electronic manufacturing company generates 10 tons of iso-propyl alcohol waste monthly. The top management of the company requested the environmental and safety officer, who is in-charge of the waste, to look for an alternative way of handling the waste to reduce the cost of disposing. The officer has proposed to appoint a recycling company to handle the waste in which handling charge will be reduced almost half as compared to sending to Kualiti Alam. Based on cradle to grave concept, explain how you expect the waste is to be handled by the recycler and the waste generator in compliance with the regulation. (8 Marks) QUESTION 3 Elaborate the cases below based on types of waste and place to dispose: a) Waste paint b) Used tyres c) Used oil filters from car service centers d) Used cooking oil from fast food restaurants. (8 Marks) QUESTION 4 Give ONE (1) example each for scheduled waste from specific sources and non specific sources. (2 Marks) QUESTION 5 Give TWO (2) reasons why we should promote recycling activities. (3 Marks)
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QUESTION 6 What type (s) of wastes that can be recycled? (2 Marks) QUESTION 7 What are the requirements to do recycling activities of wastes? (3 Marks) QUESTION 8 Name FOUR (4) treatment technologies available for the treatment of scheduled waste commonly adopted in industry. Give example for each treatment technology and briefly explain the concept of its treatment. (10 Marks) QUESTION 9 Why recycling activities in Malaysia are not widely practiced? Give THREE (3) reasons. (6 Marks) QUESTION 10 In Malaysia, which industry contributes the bulk of used lubricant oil? At present, what is the main application of recycled used oil in Malaysia (2 Marks) QUESTION 11 Name TWO (2) available technologies of recovering base oil from used lubricant oil? Elaborate the main differences. (4 Marks) QUESTION 12 Based on the discussion in class, explain TWO (2) main challenges in recycling of spent lubricant in Malaysia. (4 Marks) 3

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QUESTION 13 What are the differences between Biocompost fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in terms of a) Main Ingredient b) Route of Processing c) Duration of Processing (6 Marks) QUESTION 14 Scheduled waste generated from a plant can be (according to the regulation). (3 Marks) ___ and

QUESTION 15 Under the Environmental Quality (Prescribed Premises) (Scheduled Waste Treatment and Disposal Facilities) Order, 1989, give FOUR (4) types of premises prescribed under the order that require written permission and license from the DOE. (4 Marks) QUESTION 16 Name the TWO (2) main sources of spent adsorbent containing oil? (2 Marks) QUESTION 17 Name the TWO (2) methods which can be used to extract oil from spent adsorbent? (2 Marks) QUESTION 18 List down THREE (3) products which can be made from spent bleaching earth. (3 Marks)

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QUESTION 19 List down FIVE (5) examples of recycling activities which can be used to reduce scheduled wastes and at the same time generate income for the recycler (from any industries). (5 Marks) QUESTION 20 What is PET? Discuss the general process of recycling PET into second grade PET? Give example of TWO (2) products utilizing second grade PET? (8 Marks) QUESTION 21 Give THREE (3) ways or solutions in the recycling of used tyre (i.e. into what product?) Briefly discuss. (6 Marks) QUESTION 22 Give example of TWO (2) spent catalysts of high value in Malaysia and explain how the precious metals can be recovered. (4 Marks) QUESTION 23 In the recovery of solvent from liquid waste, what is the main unit operation involved in the separation of solvent from the impurities? (1 Mark) QUESTION 24 Based on the market survey that has been prepared by your group, discuss on the following: a) potential product(s) from the recycled material b) method of recycling adopted
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c) source of raw material d) competitors e) calculation of profit margin (8 Marks)

QUESTION 25 Name THREE (3) products that have been commercially produced from empty fruit bunch (EFB) in Malaysia. (3 Marks) QUESTION 26 How does human hair mat work as oil spill remover? (4 Marks)

QUESTION 27 What is referred to as sludge oil in palm oil industry, and name TWO (2) products that can be produced from the sludge oil. (4 Marks)

QUESTION 28 Name TWO (2) products that can be produced from rice husks. (2 Marks) QUESTION 29 Name THREE (3) sources of used cooking oil that can be used for the production of biodiesel in Malaysia. (3 Marks) QUESTION 30 Explain TWO (2) main differences between used cooking oil and spent lubricant, related to this subject. (4 Marks) 6

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QUESTION 31 What are the types of waste that can be used to produce fish pellet? (5 Marks)

QUESTION 32 What are the valuable products that can be made from the expired canned foods (Name THREE (3) products). (3 Marks)

QUESTION 33 Name THREE (3) potential products that can be made from the various wastes generated within UMP campus. (6 Marks)

QUESTION 34 Briefly explain THREE (3) projects that were undertaken by students from the recycling technology class of this semester, namely on: a) Title Of Project b) Source Of Raw Material (i.e. waste) c) Product From The Recycling Process (6 Marks)

QUESTION 35 Name THREE (3) sources of waste generators for the recovery of silver from photographic waste in Malaysia. (3 Marks) QUESTION 36 Name TWO (2) products that can be derived from cocoa pod husk (2 Marks)

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QUESTION 37 What are the components that can be recycled from fluorescent lamps and which material will give the highest earning from the recycling activity? (4 Marks)

QUESTION 38 In the production of diesel from waste plastics, what is the main unit operation for the conversion and how it functions in converting the plastics into diesel? (4 Marks)

QUESTION 39 On average, what is the percentage of lead content in each acid-lead battery. (2 Marks)

QUESTION 40 In the recycling of poultry by-product for production of fish pellet, what is the role of poultry by-product in forming the fish pellet that meets all the necessary nutritional values. (4 Marks)

QUESTION 41 Differences between solder dross, aluminum dross and steel slag in terms of: a) Classification of waste. b) Originate from. c) Recycle into. (6 Marks)

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QUESTION 42 What type of waste is considered as E-waste? What is the classification of this type of waste? Give THREE (3) examples of E-waste. Give THREE (3) high value materials which can be recovered from E-waste. (8 Marks)

QUESTION 43 Give ONE (1) example each for the following scheduled waste code: a) SW1O4 b) SW202 c) SW305 d) SW1O2 (4 Marks)

QUESTION 44 Give suggestion on the best method to recycle spent nickel catalyst from oleochemical industry. (2 Marks)

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