Wkdufygjac:Oh: Nrdky Jyv, F Sifed, M
Wkdufygjac:Oh: Nrdky Jyv, F Sifed, M
Wkdufygjac:Oh: Nrdky Jyv, F Sifed, M
The
Monday, June 9 - 15, 2014
Weekly
http://www.thevoicemyanmar.com
Vol.10 / No.21
No.16
VOICE
The
SPECIAL REPORT
wkdufyGJac:oH
usm;
rjzpfygu usm;pmjzpfrnhfudef;jzpfaeonf/ vGefcJhonhf&ufydkif;u jrefrm-b*Fvm;a'h&Sf ESpfEdkifiHe,fpyfwGif rdepf 20 cefYMum wdkufyJiG ,fwpfckjzpfyGm;cJhonf[k jrefrmtpdk;&u xkwfjyefxm;onf/
ESpfqausmfjrihfrm;onhf b*Fvm;a'h&Sf
ESifh ab;csif;uyfaexdik &f onhf jrefrm/
rxif a y:vS a omf v nf ; tdrfeD ; csif;
xdik ;f ESifh tonf;toefwu
kd af e&aom
ppfyGJrsm; &Sdaeonf/
b*F v m;a'h & S f e ,f p yf w G i f
vwfwavmjzpfymG ;cJah om wdu
k yf o
JG nf
vlukd xdcu
kd ef musif toufaoqk;H ap
jyem? e,fpyfpnf;rsOf;owfrSwfrI
tjiif;yGm;aeonhf jyemrsm;rSm
vufeufESihf wdkufcdkuf&rnhf wdkufyGJ
rsm; jzpfEdkif
pmrsufESm 4
NrdKY jyv,f*sifeD,m
rdk;
"mwfyHk - &JEdkifOD;
pmrsufESm
INVESTMENT
oDv0gtxl;pD;yGm;a&;Zkef yxrtqifph rD u
H ed ;f wGif tar&duefEikd if t
H ajcpdu
k f owKbl;cGEH iS fh
xkyfydk;jcif;vkyfief;vkyfudkifaom Ball ukrPDESihf *syefEdkifiHrS armfawmfum;tydkypnf;ukrPDwdkY
yxrOD;qk;H &if;ES;D jrKyfErHS nfjzpfaMumif; *syefEikd if H 'kw,
d oHtrwfBu;D Mr. Ichiro Maruyama u
ajymMum;onf/
pmrsufESm 4
acgif;avmif;oH&JY ta0;rSm
pmrsufESm
tbGm;vbef&G,fwkdh\ tdrfjyefcsdef
10
pmrsufESm
VOICE
The
oDv0gajymif;aTYa'ocHjyem
JICA wm0efr[kwf?
jrefrmtpdk;&wm0ef[kqdk
&efukef? ZGef 5
oD
xd k Y t jyif N G O tcsKd U \
axmuf j yrI r sm;wG i f rS m ;,G i f ; rI ?
buf v d k u f r I r sm;&S d a eNyD ; t"d u
rSm;aeonfhtcsufrSm avsmfaMu;udp
onf JICA u wm0ef,lxm;jcif;
r[kwb
f J jrefrmtpd;k &uom wm0ef,l
xm;jcif;jzpfaMumif; if;u qdkonf/
oDv0ga'ocHrsm; ajymif;aT&U m
wGif a'ocHrsm;twGuf tdr?f ajrtjyif
oD;ESHavsmfaMu;yg0ifaom epfemrI
avsmfaMu; 13 rsdK;udk ay;tyfNyD;jzpfum
ajymif;aTU tdraf xmifpt
k m;vk;H eD;yg;u
oabmwlvufrw
S af &;xd;k Ny;D jzpfaMumif;
oDv0gtxl;pD;yGm;a&;Zkef pDrHcefYcGJrI
aumfrwDrS wm0ef&o
dS w
l pfO;D u ,refEpS f
ukefydkif;u ajymMum;xm;onf/
]]aMumufvYkd yxrt&pftwGuf
vufrSwfxdk;vdkufw,f/ aemuft&pf
awGudkawmh vufrSwfrxdk;awmhbl;?
JICA vrf ; T e f c suf x J u twd k i f ;
vuf&Sdxuf ravsmhwJh taetxm;
udkjyefvdkcsifw,f}} [k pDrHudef;{&d,m
[ufwm 400 (ajr{u 988 )twGif;
vuf&t
dS csed x
f d aexdik af eol OD;ausm0f if;
uqdkonf/
tqdkygajymif;aTUcHa'ocHrsm;
vuf&Sdaexdkif&m NrdKifom,mwdk;csJU
&yfuu
G f (3) wGif aomufo;Hk a&&&S&d ef
cuf c J N yD ; a&t&nf t aoG ; ed r f h u srI ?
,cifxuf 0ifaiGavsmhusrIESifh tvkyf
jyKwfrIrsm;ESifh&ifqdkifae&um a<u;NrD
rsm;wif o nf t xd 'k u a &muf a e
aMumif; ajymif;aTUcH a':jrjrpef;u
ajymMum;onf/
]]'D u d k a jymif ; vmcsd e f r S m td r f
aqmufzdkY tcsdef,lwmaMumifh tvkyf
roG m ;Ed k i f b J tvk y f j yKwf ? ol w d k Y u
oifwef;ay;awmhvnf; tdrfaxmif
OD;pD; wpfa,mufyJ aiG&SmEdkifwmqdk
awmh roGm;Edkif? pm;a&; aomufa&;yg
cufNyD; tck avsmfaMu;&xm;wJh tdru
f kd
yg aygif p m;ae&w,f } } [k if ; u
qdkonf/
ajymif;aTUvmonfhae&mwGif
aeYpOftokH;p&dwfumrd&ef tdrfqdkif
zG i f h x m;aomf v nf ; tvk y f t ud k i f
tqifrajyolrsm;onft
h wGuf vufiif;
xuf ta<u;ESifh vay;0,f,lolu
yd k r sm;aMumif ; ausmif ; aetG , f
uav;ES p f O D ; rd c if wpf O D ; uvnf ;
qdkonf/
tqdkyga'ocHrsm;BuKHawGUae
&onfh tcuftcJrsm;udk ,ckEpS f arv
1 &ufaeYu *syeftxufvTwfawmf
trwf Mr. Ishibashi ud k , f w d k i f
a'ocH r sm;ES i f h vma&muf a wG U q k H
ar;jref;cJhao;onf/
ajymif;aTUa'ocHrsm; vuf&Sd
aexd k i f o nf h a e&monf rd k ; &moD
a&mufcsdew
f iG f jyemtBuD; tus,f
jzpfEdkifonfhtjyif a&wGif;rS a&rSm
vnf; aomufo;H k &ef cufcjJ cif;? ausmif;ae
tG,fuav;rsm;\ ynma&;tcuf
tcJwdkYudk jrefrmtpdk;&? JICA ESifh
a'ocHwdkY okH;yGifhqdkif aqG;aEG;SdEIdif;
Edik &f ef tjrefq;Hk wdu
k w
f eG ;f oGm;rnfjzpf
aMumif; *syefEdkifiHtxufvTwfawmf?
tpd;k & zGUH NzdK;a&;qdik &f m txl;aumfrwD
\ 'gu
kd w
f mvnf;jzpfol if;u qko
d nf/
]]a'ocHawGudk vspfvsKIxm;
wm r[k w f y gbl ; / a'ocH a wG & J U
vdv
k m;csufukd jrefrmtpd;k &eJo
Y majymzdYk
uRefawmfwYkd jyefvnfajzxm;ygw,f}}
[k Mr. Masahiko Tanaka u
qdkonf/
jref r mtpd k ; &taeES i f h ,if ;
jyemrsdK;udk ,cifuajz&Sif;cJhonfh
yk H p Hr sm;ES i f hr wl yxrOD ; qk H ; tawG U
tBuHKjzpfonfhtwGuf tm;enf;csuf
tenf ; i,f & S d E d k i f a Mumif ; *syef E d k i f i H
'k w d , oH t rwf B uD ; Mr. Ichiro
Maruyama u ajymMum;onf/
]]tm;enf;wm&Sd&if ajz&Sif;Edkif
atmif BuKd;pm;r,f? vkH;0tqifajy
r,fvdkY cdkifrmpGm,kHMunfxm;ygw,f}}
[k if;u qdkonf/
,if;udp&yftay: JICA \
ajymqdkcsufESifh ywfouf oDv0g
txl ; pD ; yG m ;a&;Zk e f pD r H c ef Y c G J a &;
aumfrwDwm0ef&o
dS rl sm;udk qufo,
G f
ar;jref;aomfvnf; ajzMum;rnfhol
r&Sday/
oD v 0gtxl ; pD ; yG m ;a&;Zk e f
pDrHudef;udk jrefrm-*syef ESpfEdkifiHtpdk;&
ESifh yk*vdu yl;aygif;aqmifGufvsuf
&SNd yD; jrefrmu 51 &mcdik Ef eI ;f ESihf *syefu
49 &mcdkifEIef; yg0ifxm;onf/
4
The
VOICE
LOCAL
EDITORIAL
rSwfwdkifwpfwdkifom
wuov
kd f0ifwef; atmifpm&if;wdYk xGufawmhrnfqko
d jzifh ajzqdk
xm;ol ausmif;olausmif;om;rsm;a&m rdbrsm;yg atmifpm&if;xGurf nfh
aeYudk &ifckefpdwfvIyf&Sm; apmifhpm;aeMuNyDjzpfonf/
wuodkvf0ifwef; atmifpm&if;xGufaomaeYonf jrefrmEkdifiH
om;wdb
Yk 0udk tqk;H tjzwfay;onfh aeYx;l aeYjrwfBuD;wpfaeYtjzpf &Sad e
cJo
h nfrmS MumNyDjzpfaomfvnf; wu,fwrf;wGif wuov
kd 0f ifwef;&rSwf
wpfckwnf;u b0udk qkH;jzwfonfr[kwfyg/
wuov
kd 0f ifwef;wGif trSwaf umif;wdik ;f b0wGif tvdv
k kd tajctae
aumif;rnfr[kwo
f vdk trSwn
f w
hH ikd ;f vnf; b0yg vdu
k yf gnhHzsif;oGm;onf
r[kwaf Mumif;udk teD;0ef;usi&f dS vGecf ahJ om q,fEpS ?f ESpEf pS q
f ,fu wuov
kd f
0ifwef;atmifcJhaom olwdkY\b0udk avhvmMunfhvQif jrifEkdifygonf/
xdkYaMumifh wuodkvf0ifwef; atmifpm&if;txGufwGif trSwf
edrfhygu pdwfrysufoifhovdk trSwfaumif;aomaMumifhvnf; wufr
raxmifoifhyg/
rdrdt&nftcsif;udk ra&mifh&Jjcif;? qufwdkufBudK;pm;jcif;? b0
&nfreS ;f csufyef;wkid f &Si;f vif;jcif;? rdwaf qGaumif;udk rS0D &J jcif;? pdwEf v
S ;Hk
aumif;jcif;? tvG,w
f ul pdwrf ysuw
f wfjcif;wdjYk zifh wuov
kd 0f ifwef; trSwf
raumif;vQifyif aumif;rGefaomb0udk wnfaqmufEkdifrnf jzpfonf/
wuov
kd 0f ifwef; atmifpm&if;onf b0wpfauGU rSww
f ikd w
f pfwikd f
omjzpfNyD; xdkrSwfwdkifodkY a&muf&SdpOf rdrdtajctaeonf a&SUvmrnfh
wpfb0vk;H udk jy|mef;oGm;rnfr[kwaf Mumif; axmufjyvdjk cif; jzpfygonf/
t,f'Dwm(5.6.2014)
rsufESmzHk; - oDv0gwGif tar&duefESifh *syefukrPDrsm; aAGaqmfOD;rS tquf
tqdyk gZek w
f iG f 0ifa&mufvyk u
f ikd f
&efoabmwlpmcsKyf vufrSwfa&;xdk;
jcif;taMumif; *syefEikd if H 'kw,
d oHtrwf
BuD;? JICA jrefrmEkdifiHkH;acgif;aqmif
ESifh jrefrm-*syefov
D 0gzGUH NzKd;a&;ukrP
D
Ou|wdkY ZGefv 4 &ufaeYu rD'D,m
rsm;ESihf awGUqkHpOf ajymMum;jcif;jzpf
onf/
oDv0gtxl;pD;yGm;a&;Zkefonf
jrefrm-*syef ESpEf ikd if t
H pd;k &ESifh yk*v
u
d
yl;aygif;aqmifGufaeonhf pDrHudef;
jzpfNyD; yxrOD;qkH;EdkifiHwumtqihfrD
txl;pD;yGm;a&;ZkefwpfckjzpfaMumif;
if;u qdkonf/
tqdkygZkefwGif 0ifa&mufvkyf
udkif&ef pdwf0ifpm;aom *syefukrPD
trsm;tjym;&SdNyD; jrefrmEdkifiHodkY vm
a&mufonhf *syefurk P
Dtrsm;pkonf
oDv0gtxl;pD;yGm;a&;Zkefudk t"du
pdw0f ifpm;MuaMumif; *syefEikd if H jynfy
ukeo
f ,
G rf t
I zGUJ (JETRO)rS trIaqmif
tkyfcsKyfrI'gdkufwm Mr. Masaki
Takahara u ajymMum;onf/
,if;odkY 0ifa&mufvkyfudkifvdk
onhf ukrP
rD sm;jym;onht
f wGuf ,cif
pDpOfxm;aom yxrtqihfpDrHudef;
ajr[ufwm 400 (988 {u) tjyif
'kwd,tqihfpDrHudef;rS ajrrsm;udkyg
The
VOICE
Weekly
The Product of
Myanmar Partners
Think Tank
Group
(A Sister
Publication of
Living Color Magazine)
wkdufyGJac:oH
atmifjrifUxGef;
usm;
e,fpyfvkHNcHKa&;rsufESmpm
b*Fvm;a'h&fS e,fjcm;apmihf wyf
(BGB) rS wyfMuyf Nayek Mizanur
Rahman \ tavmif;udk jyefawmif;
"mwfy-Hk cifarmifat;
obm0ab;tE&m,fqdk;ESihf BuHKawGU
ae&onfhEdkifiHjzpf&m e,fedrdwfcsJU&ef
txl;vdktyfonhfEdkifiHjzpfonf/
b*Fvm;a'h&SfESihf jrefrmonf
ydik ef uftjiif;yGm;rIaMumihf 2008 ckEpS f
uvnf; ppfa&;wif;rmcJzh ;l Ny;D ,if;ydik ef uf
tjiif;yGm;rIwiG f b*Fvm;a'h&u
fS tEdik f
&cJo
h nf/ 1994 ckEpS u
f vnf; b*Fvm;a'h&f S
u vufeufuikd w
f yfzw
UJG pfzUJG armifawm
NrKdUudk 0ifa&mufwdkufcdkufrIjzpfyGm;cJhzl;
onf/
b*Fvm;a'h&SfESihf xdpyfaeonhf
armifawmESihf bl;oD;awmifNrKdUwdkYwGif
b*FgvDvrl sKd; 90 &mcdik Ef eI ;f ausmf&adS eNyD;
wdkif;&if;om;vlOD;a& enf;yg;rI? RSO
uJhodkY vufeufudkifwyfzGJUrsm;\ ppf
oifwef;wufa&muforl sm;&Sad erI? cd;k 0if?
cdk;xGufjcif; jyemrsm;rSm taemuf
bufwHcg; vkHNcHKa&;twGuf t"du
pdefac:rIrsm; jzpfaeqJ/
,if;tjyif rNyD;jywfao;onhf
tdEd,
-jrefrm e,ferd w
d f owfrw
S fa&;?
xdkif;-jrefrm e,fedrdwfowfrSwfa&;
wku
Yd dk tpd;k &u rnfou
Ykd ikd w
f ,
G rf nfenf;/
avmavmvwfvwfyif wkwf
ESihf tjiif;yGm;rI toHxGufvmonf/
&Srf;jynfe,f ajrmufydkif; rlq,f
ESihf erhfcrf;NrKdUe,fteD;wGif ESpfEdkifiH
yl ; wG J z G J U p nf ; xm;aom e,f e d r d w f
owfrSwfa&;tzGJUu arv 27 &ufrS
31 &ufaeYtxd uGif;qif;ppfaq;NyD;
pmrsufESm 5 okdY
Chief Editor - Kyaw Min Swe, Editor in-Charge-Zeya Thu, Managing Editor-Kyaw Naing, Contributor -Nathan Maung,
Senior Executive Editors - Kyaw San Min, Khine Cho Zaw Win Tin, Zin Zin Thaw, Thiri Zaw, Nwet Kay Khine,
Senior Editors-Mya Hnin Aye, Thu Rein Hlaing @ Khunn Thu, Editorial Secretary- Aung Soe,
Graphic Editors - Myo Htoo Htet, Ngu War Khine, Soe Han, Hein Tint, Photo Editor-Moe Kyaw Lwin,
Foreign Affairs - Aung Kyaw Soe (Desk Editor), Tin Aye Kyaw, Thant Zin Soe, Aung Nyein Chan, Phyo Min Thant
Editors - Aung Bo Bo Shein, Kyaw Swar Soe, Min Myo, Kyi Kyi Lwin, Moe Khine, Kyu Kyu Thin (Moe Myay), Zin Marlar Htay@Green,Aung Aung Tun,
Editorial Assistant- Swe Nyein Aye, Chan Nyein Phyu, Thiri Win Thu Lwin.
Senior Reporters-Tin Linn, Pyae Phyo Lin, Aung Myint Htun, Le Yee Myint, Aung Htet
Reporters - Ye Zon Aung, Naw Ko Ko, Nyan Myo Aung , Kyaw Oo Naing, Sid Nyein Thu,
Pyae Phyo Aung, Ye Naing Oo, Khine Cherry Htun, Thant Zin Oo, Thazin Oo, Kan Zaw,
Photographer- Ye Pyae Zarni, Aung Naing, Mandalay- Ye Win Naing, Aye Thanda Tun,Win Shwe Yi Oo,
Monywa - Ko Thet, Myat (Kalay),
VOICE
The
pD;yGm;a&;rsuf
ufESmpm
pm
jrefrmEdik if \
H ukeo
f ,
G af &;u@
wGif tdrfeD;csif; aygufazmf wkwfESihf
xd k i f ; wd k Y u d k t"d u tm;xm;&onh f
tajctae/
jrefrmEdik if \
H 2013-2014 b@m
ES p f pk p k a ygif ; uk e f o G , f r I y rmPrS m
tar&duefa':vm 24 bDvD,Hausmf
&&SdcJhNyD; wkwfESihf 7 bDvD,H? xdkif;ESihf
5 bDvD,H&SdcJhonf/
uk e f o G , f r I pk p k a ygif ; \ 50
&mcdkifEIef;rSm wkwfESihf xdkif;udk rSDcdk&
onhf oabmjzpfaeonf/
om"u ESpfckjyygrnf/
yxrom"urSm wkwfodkY qef
wifydkYrIudp jzpfonf/
jrefrmhqefukd w&m;0if0,f,cl iG fh
wkwt
f pd;k &u ay;rxm;aomaMumihf
wk w f t mPmyd k i f r sm;\ rl 0 g'rsm;
wif;usyfonhftcsdefwGif qef0,frI
enf;yg;oGm;NyD; jrefrmEdkifiHbufjcrf;
wG i f qef r sm;aomif w if a ecsd e f
wkwu
f ek o
f nfrsm;onf jrefrmhqefukd
aps;ESdrfjcif;rsm; jyKvkyfavh&Sdonf[k
rlq,ftajcpdkuf qefpyg;ukefpnf'dkif
'kw,
d Ou| OD;csrf;omOD;u ajymMum;
onf/
opfuv
k d nf; wkwu
f tacsmxnf
qdkr0,f/ tvkH;vdkufqdkrS 0,favh&Sd
onf[k vkyfief;&Sifrsm;uqdkonf/
]]tcGeaf qmif&wmrsm;aeawmh
[db
k ufu wkwu
f ek o
f nfu tacsmxnf
qdk trsm;BuD;r0,fbl;/ tcGefavQmh
vdu
k &f ifawmh wkwu
f ek o
f nfawG ydNk y;D
0,fvmr,f}}[k jynfaxmifpkorw
jrefrmEkdifiH ukefonfrsm;ESihf pufrI
vuf r I v k y f i ef ; &S i f r sm;toif ; csKyf
The
VOICE
Weekly
The Product of
Myanmar Partners
Think Tank
Group
(A Sister
Publication of
Living Color Magazine)
(UMFCCI) wG J z uf t wG i f ; a&;rS L ;
OD;at;vGifu qdkonf/
wkwyf q
Ykd ef aps;ESrd o
f nhef nf;wl
xdkif;ydkY yifv,fpm aps;ESdrfonhftjzpf
rsm;vnf; trsm;tjym;&So
d nf/ ,if;um;
'kwd, om"u/
urmt
h BuD;qk;H a&xGuu
f ek af ps;
uG u f j zpf o nh f xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H ? &aemif ;
aps;uGuo
f Ykd a&xGuu
f ek f wify&Ykd mwGif
ig;aps;aumif ; onf [ k q d k ig;
oGm;a&mif;ygu ykpGefaps;aumif;onf
[kqu
kd m aps;ESrd jf cif;cH&onft
h jzpfrsm;
vGecf o
hJ nhf 10 ESpaf usmfu &Scd o
hJ nf/
vuf & S d w G i f quf o G , f a &;
tm;aumif;vmojzihf ,if;odYk aps;ESrd jf cif;
r&Sdawmhaomfvnf; xdkif;rSvkyfief;&Sif
rsm; yl;aygif; aps;nd avvHqGJum
aps;ESdrfrIrsm;aMumihf aps;aumif;r&
aMumif; xm;0,f ig;vkyfief;tzGJUcsKyf
Ou| OD;ausmfausmfoufu ajymMum;
onf/
]]t&if w k e f ; u avvH q G J & if
Buyer (0,f v uf ) ck e pf a ,muf
avmuf tNyKdifqGJw,f/ tck Buyer
okH;a,mufavmufaygif;NyD; aps;ndNyD;
avvHqaJG wmh avvHpepfryDobl;jzpf
vmw,f / ig;udk a&mufoG m ;NyD ; &if
IH;w,fqdkNyD;jyef,lvmvdkY r&bl;}} [k
if;u &Sif;jyonf/
&aemif;uJo
h Ykd avvHaps;uGuBf u;D
wpfckudk jrefrmEdkifiHwGif taumif
txnfazmfEdkifygu aps;ESdrfcH&jcif;?
tI H ; cH a &mif ; cs&onh f tajctae
aysmufu,
G o
f mG ;rnfjzpfNyD; jrefrmEdik if H
wG i f tqih f j rih f u k e f a csmpuf k H r sm;
wnfaqmufEdkifygu ukefypnf;rsm;
wdkufdkufwifoGif;cGihf &&Sdrnhftjyif
xd k i f ; a&muf jref r maT U a jymif ; rsm;
jynfawmfjyef0ifvmrnfjzpfaMumif;
OD;ausmfausmfoufu okH;oyfonf/
,if;onf xifomjrifom&Sad om
tI;H ESp&f yfjzpfonf/ pD;yGm;a&;rsuEf mS pm
wGif IH;aeaomwdkufyGJESpfck jzpfonf/
e,fpyfvkHNcHKa&;udk jrihfwif&ef?
NcHpnf;dk;wHcg;rsm;vkH&ef pD;yGm;a&;
tiftm;onf rsm;pGmta&;ygaMumif;
pD ; yG m ;a&;rl 0 g'ynm&S i f a'guf w m
atmifudkudku okH;oyfonf/
oHcif;wrefcif;pmrs
p rsufESm
b*Fvm;a'h&t
fS a&;ESifh ywfouf
vlajymolrsm; trsm;qkH;jzpfcJhonhf
oHwrefa&;rsufEmS pmwGif jrefrmEdik if H
u tm;enf;rI&SdaeaMumif; oHwref
a&;avh v mapmih f M unh f o l r sm;u
okH;oyfonf/
e,fpyfNcHpnf;dk; um&Haeonhf
"mwfy-Hk cifarmifat;
jrefrmum; upm;yGu
J kd ajymif;vJ
Edkifrnhfol (Game Changer) [k
qdkxm;onf/
odkYaomf ,if;twGuf c&D;vrf;
u a0;OD ; rnh f o abm&S d a eonf /
,cktcsdew
f iG f jynfwiG ;f wGif Edik if aH &;?
pD;yGm;a&;? ,Ofaus;rIqdkif&mrsm;udk
OD;pGm&Si;f &rnfjzpfaeaMumif; Myanmar
Development Resource Institute
Publisher - Daw Khin Kywe Oo (4099),Finance - Pe Aung Zin(Genernal Manager), San Thida (Manager),
Htet Htet Nyein (Deputy Manager), Saw Thandar Aye (Assistant Manager, HR), Marketing - Kyaw Than (Manager),
Min Aung, Pyae Phyo Aung, Nu Nu Nge, Shwe Sin Tun,TheinAung Htut (Designer), Production - Aung Kyaw Sann (Manager) , Soe Win Zaw
DTP - Ma Khine (Manager), Cho Cho Zin, Khin Mar Myint, Saw Elijah,
Distribution - Htet Khaung (Manager), Khin Myo Chit (Deputy Manager), Jack Too Too, Htet Aung,
Receptionist - Su Eindray Oo, Lai Yee Oo Web Administrator - Kyaw Htun Khine,
Web Team- [email protected], Website - www.thevoicemyanmar.com,
Office -No (458-460), 4th Floor (E), Corner of 31st Street and Mahabandula Road, Pabaedan Township, Yangon.
Tel: 01 - 242424, 389210, 389211, 372905.
Marketing - 01 242424, 09 51 76835, 01 11220284 , Distribution - 09 42 1006579, Hot Line (News) - 09 73248886,09 73174086.
E-mail-Admin; Chief Editor : [email protected], News Room : [email protected],
Publisher - Daw Win Kalayar Swe (1896), Press - Daw Win Kalayar Swe- Hnit Thit Oo Press (10990) ,
27(A), Conor of U Hmoo St and U Tun Nyo St., Dagon (East) Industrial Zone
6
The
VOICE
tbGm;vbef&G,fwdkh\ tdrfjyefcsdef
udkudkatmif
bGm; vbef&G,f\pdwfu ,cktcsdefqdk &Gmudka&mufa&mufaewwfonf/ olaexdkif&m wJwHcg;0rS wkwfjrefrme,fpyf a*s,ef;ppfa&Smif pcef;ta&SUbuf&Sd jrLcdk;rsm;jzihf tkHYrdIif;aeonhf 0a*smifbGrf
awmifwef;tm; vSrf;arQmfMunhfvdkufum EIwfrSvnf; rwdk;rus,favoHjzihf wpfpkHwpfckudk a&&Gwfvdkufonf/
]]'Dvt
kd csdef &GmrSmqdk awmif,m
ojzihf aiGaMu;csrf;omonf[k rqdk
tvkyt
f wGuf jyifqifaeNyD/ v,fxeG f
Edkifaomfvnf; tawmftoihfacsmif
zdkYtwGuf EGm;awG xGefawGjyifaeNyD/
vnfaomrdom;pk jzpfonf/
olwYkd tdrjf yefzYkd tcsdeb
xif;awG&SmaeMu&NyDaygh}} [k olqdk
f ,fawmh
vdkufcsdefwGif arvukefrdk;u Ncdrf;oH
enf;/
ay;um cyfonf;onf;&Gmcsvdu
k o
f nf/
ppfukd ppfjzihf rukpm;Edik b
f J Edik if H
ppfa&Smifpcef;rS uav;i,ftcsKdU
a&;enf;vrf;jzihf aqG;aEG;rSom tajz
wk w f - jref r m e,f j cm;rsOf ; tjzpf
xGufrnf[k a'ocHrsm;u ,kHMunf
xm;onf / ucsif v G w f a jrmuf a &;
owfrSwfxm;aom a*s,ef;cacsmif;
twGif; a&upm;vsuf? tcsKdUacsmif;
wyfrawmfurl tpdk;&ESihf typf&yf
twGif;&Sd ausmufaqmifrsm;tay:
vufrSwfrxdk;ao;/
ajy;vmT ;aqmhupm;vsu&f ad S eNy;D oufBu;D
vuf & S d a qG ; aEG ; qJ j zpf a om
ydik ;f rsm;uawmh rdrw
d aYkd exdik &f m tcef;
wpf E d k i f i H v k H ; typf t cwf &yf p J a &;
usOf;av;rsm;twGi;f ok;H av;OD;wpfpk
twG u f ES p f z uf o abmwl n D o nh f
typf&yfa&; rlMurf;u ppfab;a&Smif
0dkif;zGJUxdkifpum;ajymaeonf/
'kuo
nfrsm;\ tdrjf yefcsdeu
ucsiv
f w
G af jrmufa&; wyfrawmf
f kd &ufcsde;f
"mwfyHkukdukdatmif
k af t) ESifh jrefrmhwyfrawmfwYkd
(autdi
ay;Edkifygrnfavm/
2011 ckESpf ZGefv 9 &ufwGif ppfjyef wpfavQmufvkH; aeYpOfESihftrQ rufcJh& rnf[k tbGm;vbef&G,fu wdus wGif ydkifqdkiforQypnf; bmwpfckrQ
Ed k i f i H v k H ; qd k i f &m typf t cwf
onh
f
td
y
f
r
uf
od
k
Y
r
[k
w
f
&if
x
J
w
G
i
f
aocsmonh
a
f
voH
j
zih
f
ajymonf
/
,l
r
vmEd
i
k
c
f
/
h
J
tbG
m
;a':vbef
&
,
G
E
f
i
S
f
h
vnfjzpfymG ;NyD;aemuf ajymif;aTv
U m&
&yfpJa&; ndEdIif;a&;tzGJU (NCCT) ESihf
tbG
m
;
jzpf
a
y:aeonh
f
wpf
x
D
;
wnf
;
aom
vbef
&
,
G
w
f
Y
k
d
rd
o
m;pk
\
ol
\
trsKd
;
om;rS
m
t0wf
w
pf
x
nf
tpdk;&wdkY\ aqG;aEG;yGJrS wpfEdkifiHvkH;
aom axmifcsDaom ppfab;'kuonf
rsm;teuf touf 70 &SdNyDjzpfaom qErmS at;at;csrf;csrf; tdrfjyefa&;/ pd w f u l ; xJ w G i f tpd k ; &ES i h f ucsif udk,fwpfckjzihf a*s,ef;ppfa&Smifpcef; typftcwf &yfpJa&;twGuf ESpfzuf
xdu
k o
hJ Ykd rdrad e&yfa'oodYk tjref vGwfajrmufa&;tzGJU (autdkiftdk) wdkY odkY a&mufvmcJhjcif;jzpfNyD; &yfa0;wGif oabmwlno
tbGm; vbef&G,fvnf; wpfOD;tyg
D nhf typf&yfa&;rlMurf;
qkH;jyefEdkifa&; tdyfrufudk rufaeonf Nidrf;csrf;a&;,lvdkufonhf 1994 ckESpf oG m ;a&muf t vk y f v k y f u d k i fa eonh f (Single Text) xG u f & S d v mygu
t0iftjzpfonf/
tbGm;aexdik &f m tifaygeaf us;&Gm rSm tbGm; vbef&G,fwpfOD;wnf; aemufyikd ;f aemufxyf b,faomtcg om;okH;OD;ESihfvnf; uGJuGmoGm;cJh& jynf w G i f ; Nid r f ; csrf ; a&;twG u f 50
rQ ppf a jy;'k u o nf b 0jzih f xyf r H onf[k qdkonf/
(erfqef,ef&GmteD;) rS ppfa&Smif r[kwfay/
&mcdkifEIef;cefY aocsmoavmuf&SdNyD[k
a*s,ef;'kuonfpcef;twGif; aexdik &f rnf[k awG;rxm;cJah cs/ xdo
k Ykd
]]&G m rS m usef c J h w J h v,f a wG ? qdkEdkifaomfvnf; usef&Sdaeaom 50
pcef;odkY 2011 ckESpf pufwifbmv
h nht
f avsmuf tpd;k &ESifh EGm;awG tdrfawGtaMumif; pOf;pm; &mcdik Ef eI ;f twGuf tcsde,
uwnf ; u a&muf & S d c J h j cif ; jzpf &m aexdkifvsuf&Sdonhf vlOD;a& 8000 awG;rxm;cJo
f &l OD;rnfjzpf
ausmftwGi;f rS rnfou
Yl rkd qdak r;Munhf autdkifatwdkY wdkufyGJjyefjzpfonfqdk vdkuf&if udk,fwpfjcrf;aoravmuf 'kuo
bmvdkvdkESihf okH;ESpfjynhfawmhrnf/
nfrsm; ae&yfjyefEikd af &;rSmvnf;
ygu
rd
r
d
w
d
k
Y
a
e&yf
a
'ood
k
Y
tjref
q
k
H
;
onh
f
owif
;
ud
M
k
um;aomf
v
nf
;
rQ
atmif
cH
p
m;&w,f
/
td
r
u
f
t
k
d
&rf
;
jyef
'kuonfpcef;wGif aexdkifjzwf
MuefYMumEdkifao;aMumif; ucsifta&;
qd
;
k
0g;vmrnf
[
k
csif
w
,f
}
}
jyef
v
d
k
a
Mumif
;
wnD
w
nf
;
ajzMuvd
r
h
f
rxif
r
o
d
vd
k
ppf
a
b;
[k
a
jymaom
tbG
m
;
oef;cJh&onhf okH;ESpfqdkaom xdkumv
apmihfMunhfavhvmolrsm;u okH;oyf
wdrf;a&Smif&ef BuKdwifjyifqifrIrsm; vbef&G,f\ toHwGif idkoHpGufae onf/
ucsifppfyGJ ppfa&SmifvlOD;a&pm&if;
vnf; rjyKvkyfxm;rdcJh/
onf/
ok H ; ES p f j ynh f o nh f tcsd e f t xd
txifESihf tjrifwufwufpif
tbGm;a':vbef&,
G w
f rYkd dom;pk wdu
k yf rJG sm; BuKd;Mum;BuKd;Mum;jzpfaeqJ
tpdk;&xdef;csKyfe,fajrtwGif;
Yk a'owGif uRJ? EGm;taumif jzpfNyD; ppfa&Smifot
l a&twGuyf ykd rkd sm;
ppfa&Smifpcef;
103 ck atmifvGJrSm;um tifaygef&Gmwpf&Gm rSm if;wd\
vk;H kww
f &uf ajymif;aT&U aom tcsdef 40 cefYESihf v,f{u 50 cefY ydkifqdkif vmonf/
tdrfaxmifpk
9164
tpdk;&wyfrsm;ESihf autdkifat
12 ESpf txuf usm;
11964 OD;
wdkY 2014 ckESpf {NyDvqef;ydkif;rS pwif
12 ESpf txuf r
14509 OD;
um Aef;armfESihf &Srf;jynfajrmufydkif;
pkpkaygif;
26473 OD;
e,fajrrsm;wGif wdkufyGJrsm;jzpfyGm;cJh&
onhftwGuf tqdkyge,fajrrsm;wGif
12 ESpf atmuf usm;
7711 OD;
'k
uo
nfO;D a& wpfaomif;ausmfcefyY if
12 ESpf atmuf r
7396 OD;
xyfrHwdk;wufvmcJhaMumif; ukPm
pkpkaygif;
15107 OD;
jrefrm vlrIzGHU NzKd;a&;kH; (Aef;armf)xHrS
ucsifjynfe,f tpdk;&tzGJUkH;\ 2014 ckESpf {NyDvxd
od&Sd&onf/
aemufqkH;pm&if;csKyfxm;onhf vlOD;a&pm&if;jzpfonf/
{NyD v twG i f ; u wd k u f y G J r sm;
autdkiftdk xdef;csKyfe,fajrtwGif;
jzpfyGm;cJh&m ref0def;BuD;wdkufe,fwGif
ppfa&Smifpcef;
20 ausmf
wdu
k yf rJG sm; jzpfymG ;cJNh yD;aemufyikd ;f ,if;
'kuonfOD;a&
70000 ausmf
a'otwGif;&Sd e,fajrcHwyfrsm;u
vkNH cHKa&;t& pdwcf s&onhf taetxm;
ppfa&Smifpcef;jyifywGif
30000 ausmf
&Sad eNyDjzpfonht
f wGuf ae&yfjyefEikd fNyD
jyefYusJaexdkifaeonhf'kuonfOD;a&
[k
qd
a
k
omf
v
nf
; rnfolrQ rjyef&JcJhMu
autdkiftdk 'kuonfrsm; ulnDapmihfa&Smufa&;aumfrwDOu| OD;'GJbD;\
"mwfyHkukdukdatmif
2014 ckESpf arvaemufqkH;ywfpm&if;jzpfonf/
pmrsufESm-7 okdY
7
The
"mwfyHkukdukdatmif
xm;aqmif&u
G af eNy;D ajrmufyikd ;f ppfXme
csKyfwdkif;rSL;AdkvfcsKyfxGef;xGef;aemif
uvnf; ppfa&Smif'kuonfrsm;ESihf
ywfouf vdkufem&rnhftcsufrsm;
wd w d u susowf r S w f x m;aMumif ;
ajrmufyikd f;wdik ;f ppfXmecsKyf tqihjf rihf
t&m&SdwpfOD;u ajymMum;xm;onf/
xdkuJhodkY wyfrawmfppfaMumif;
rsm;ESihf ywfouf pdk;&drfrIrsm; &Sdae
ovd k autd k i f a ttzG J U t pnf ; ES i h f
ywfouf pdk;&drfrIrsm;uvnf; &Sdae
onf y if / ucsif j ynf e ,f & S d &S r f ; eD
(wdkif;vsH) vlrsKd;rsm;u rdrdwdkYae&yf
a'owGif Nidr;f csrf;pGm v,fjyefvyk Ef ikd f
a&;? &Sr;f vlrsKd;rsm;tm; autdik fatu
vlopfpkaqmif;jcif;rsm; rjyKvkyfa&;
ESihf ajrjrKyfrdkif;rsm; &Sif;vif;ay;a&;
twGuf autdkiftdkudk awmif;qdkxm;
onf/
tqdkyg ppfab;a&Smif 'kuonf
rsm; Nidrf ; csrf; pGm ae&yf j yefEdkif a &;
ta&;udpr mS Edik if aH &;enf;vrf;ESio
fh m
tajz&SmoGm;&rnhu
f pd j zpfNyD; 'kuo
nf
rsm; ae&yfjyefonht
f csdew
f iG f BuHKawG&U
rnhf jyemrsm;udk ajz&Sif;Edkif&ef
twG u f autd k i f t d k t zG J U t pnf ; u
tawGUtBuHK&Sdonhf ynm&Sifrsm;ESihf
wdkifyifaqG;aEG;xm;NyD; tpDtpOfrsm;
BuKdwifcsrSwfxm;aMumif; autdkiftdk
'kuonfrsm; ulnDapmihfa&Smufa&;
aumfrwDOu| OD;'Gb
J ;D qm;u rSwcf suf
jyKajymMum;onf/
odkYaomfvnf; ae&yfjyefEdkifa&;
rSm xifoavmufvG,fOD;rnfr[kwf
aMumif; oluqufajymonf/
tpd;k &ESifh autdik t
f w
kd \
Ykd 2013
ckEpS f atmufwb
kd mvtwGi;f u jyKvyk f
cJhaom Nidrf;csrf;a&; aqG;aEG;yGJwGif
tcsuf ckepfcsuu
f kd oabmwlvufrw
S f
a&;xdk;cJhonf/
,if;wGif 'kuonfrsm; ae&yf
VOICE
udkudkatmif
8
The
VOICE
NrdKY jyv,f*sifeD,m
&JEdkifOD;
OD;qdak yr,hf &efuek Nf rdKpU eG v
f ,fuu
G rf sm;wGif ysKd;Ekwyf sKd;BuJ rvkyMf uawmh/
v,form;rsm;u NrdKUjytif*sifeD,mrsm;jzpfaeNyD/ olwdkYum; udk,hfv,f
udk,fudk,fwdkif tuGufdkufonf/ ajrmif;azmfonf/ vrf;azmufonf/
Ny;D awmh aps;ac:awmhonf/ ]]NrKUd jy
tif*sief ,
D mavmufawmh oem;w,f}}
[k nDnn
D mnmjzpfaeonhf wl;vufp
a&Ekwaf jrmif;udk jzwfausm&f if; ajruGuf
dkufa&mif;ol OD;rsKd;oD[u &,farm
vsuf qdkonf/
k jf cif;
,if;a'orsm;wGif pyg;pdu
oufoufjzihf tusKd;ray;awmhaom
tcg aiG&Smenf;u ajymif;vmonf/
enf ; opf j zpf o nh f v,f a jrrsm;ud k
tuG u f d k u f a &mif ; ol r sm;teuf
OD ; rsKd ; oD [ vnf ; wpf O D ; tygt0if
jzpfonf/ v,f,majr tuGufdkuf
a&mif;onhf vkyfief;onf e,fwpf
0dkufwGif acwfopfpD;yGm;a&;/ v,f
orm;ESiafh 'ocHrsm;twGuf xGuaf yguf
ozG , f j zpf a eonf / 2013 ck E S p f
ES p f v ,f y d k i f; ES i h f 2014 ck E S p f w G i f r l
tqdyk gvkyif ef; vkyu
f ikd o
f l ydrk rkd sm;jym;
vmonf[k a'ocHwdkYu qdkonf/
v,fuGif;rsm;xJwGif tm;usKd;
kd af eonhf tvkyf
rmefwuf ajruGuf u
orm;rsm;u wpf&ufvQif 30 0ef;usif
cefY&Sdonf/ vGefcJhonhf ig;ESpf0ef;usif
u qdkvQifrl xdkae&mxdkuGif;rsm;onf
vlot
l a&muftayguef nf;onhf ae&m
rsm;jzpfonf/ v,fxaJ &mufaeolrsm;
onf wpfenf;tm;jzihf v,f,mvkyf
ief;ESihf wufoufolrsm;om/
,ckrsm;awmh xdkodkYr[kwfNyD/
v,form;rsm;u v,f,mvkyif ef;udk
cspfaomfvnf; tajctaeuray;/
vGefcJhonhf 2 ESpfcefYrSp xef;
wyif N rKd U e ,f &cd k i f d k ; av;aus;&G m ?
d;k Bu;D aus;&Gm? tv,f&mG ? taemufyikd ;f
wuodkvfausmif;teD;&Sd 'dwfukef;?
aygufwef;&Gm? vdIifom,mNrKdUe,f&Sd
a&T&ifat;aus;&Gm ? a&TjynfomNrKdeU ,f
0g;w&mpufrIZkefteD; v,fajrrsm;?
om"kuefblwmteD;&Sd v,fajrrsm;
tp&So
d nhf ae&mwdw
Yk iG f v,f,majrudk
tuGufdkufa&mif;onhf vkyfief;rsm;
acwfpm;vmonf/
v,ftuGufdkuf wpfacwfx
G f
aeaom &cdik f ;kd av;aus;&Gm&Sd v,fuu
rsm;odYk rd;k wGi;f a&Bu;D aomtcg aus;&Gm
ESihf ig;rdkifcefYa0;onhf t&ufcsuf
pufkHrS pGefYypfpdrf&nfrsm;? xdefyif
trIdufykHrS pGefYypftnpftaMu;rsm;
a&mufvmavh&adS Mumif;? v,fajrrsm;
u tedrhfydkif;wGif wnf&Sdae rdk;wGif;
umvwGif a&jrKyfavh&Sdjcif;aMumihf
pyg;pdkuf&ef tqifrajy[k a'ocH
v,form;rsm;u qdkonf/
v,fupyg;txGuef nf;? ta<u;
wif? v,fa&mif;qyf&if; ,ckuJhodkY
ajraps;rd k ; axmif o nh f a cwf w G i f
v,form;awGu v,f,mvkyif ef;udk
pG e f Y c G m um v,f a jrud k t uG u f d k u f
a&mif;onhf vkyif ef;rsm; ay:aygufvm
jcif;jzpfonf[k a'ocH v,form;rsm;
u qdkonf/
]]igqdk usefcw
hJ hJ ok;H ESpq
f ufwu
kd f
v,fpdkufwm/ odef;wpf&mavmufIH;
w,f/ tckawmhv,fawGudk tuGuf
du
k Nf y;D a&mif;aew,f}}[k v,fvyk if ef;
udk pGefYcGm ajruGufdkufa&mif;ol
jzpfvmonhf a'ocHO;D Pf0if; (trnf
vTJ) u vwfwavmtqifajyonhf
pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;taMumif;udk &Sif;jy
onf/
xef;wyifNrKdUe,f &cdkifdk;av;
aus;&G m rS OD ; uk v m;onf v nf ;
OD;Pf0if;ESihf b0wl v,form;wpf
pOf yk'fr
tcef;
1 9
tcef;(3)
v,f,majrvkyfydkifcGihf&Sdol\
tcGihfta&;rsm;
2 12
tcef;(4)
v,f,majrvkyfydkifcGihf&Sdol
vdkufem&rnhf pnf;urf;rsm;
"mwfyHk&JEkdifOD;
OD;jzpfonf/
xdk&Gmav;odkY ajymif;vmcJhonf
rSm 18 ESpfcefY&SdNyD[k OD;ukvm;BuD;u
ajymonf/ NyD;cJhonhfESpfu v,fpdkuf
&m okH;odef;cefYIH;aomaMumihf aEGOD;
ayguf a omtcg v,f & S p f { uxJ r S
okH;{uudk a&mif;ypfvdkuf&jcif;jzpf
onf/
]]'gighv,fawGav/ 'DaEGraS &mif;
k f
vdu
k w
f m/ ok;H {uudk ode;f ESp&f m&vdu
w,f}}[k ,cifuolydkifqdkifcJhz;l onhf
v,fuu
G x
f rJ mS ajcypfvufypfxikd &f if;
ajruGuf u
kd af eonhf tvkyo
f rm;rsm;
k nf/
qD ar;aigjh yum OD;ukvm;Bu;D uqdo
aygah ygah wmh rwGuaf vESi/fh v,f
ajrrsm;udk v,form;rsm;u Pf&Sd
U pfypHk H tuGuaf zmfxm;
oavmuf NrKdo
onf/
teHay 20? tvsm; ay 60? tdraf &SU
f ;Hk ay? teufo;Hk ay/
a&ajrmif; tus,o
ajruGurf sm;udk ausmcsi;f uyf azmfxm;
onf/ aemufaz;rdvmvrf;r&Sd/ tcsKdU
ajruGurf sm;xJwiG f d;k jywftenf;i,f
U sefao;onf/
ESifh ywfMum;tuftcsKdu
vrf;azmufay;xm;onf/ ajrmif;azmf&m
rS&onhf ajrBuD;udkvrf;tjzpf zdkYxm;
f 10 ay/ ajruGuf
onf/ vrf;tus,u
ud k NcH a &S U e ,f e d r d w f t rS w f t om;
azmfjycsuf
(c) v,f,majrtm;vkH;udkjzpfap? wpfpdwfwpfydkif;udkjzpfap? vkyfydkifcGihf
owfrw
S x
f m;onhf pnf;urf;csufEiS t
fh nD a&mif;cscGi?fh aygifEcHS iG ?fh iSm;&rf;cGi?fh
vJvS,fcGihf? ay;urf;cGihfudk cGihfjyKxm;onf/
(*) v,f,majrudk a&mif;csjcif;? aygifESHjcif;? iSm;&rf;jcif;? vJvS,fjcif;ESihf
ay;urf;jcif;jyKvkyfygu aMu;wdkifESihf ajrpm&if; OD;pD;XmeuowfrSwfxm;
onhf wHqyd af cgif;cGe?f pmcsKyfpmwrf;ESifh rSwyf w
Hk ifcay; NrKdeU ,faMu;wdik Ef iS fh
ajrpm&if;OD;pD;XmekH;wGif rSwfykHwif&rnf/
3
(q) v,f,majrudk cGihfjyKrdefYr&SdbJ tjcm;enf;jzihf okH;pGJjcif;cGihfrjyK/
vJvS,fcGihf? ay;urf;cGihfudkcGihfjyKxm;onf/
tcef;(7)
yk'fr 12 yg vdkufem&rnhfpnf;urf;rsm;udkazmufzsufvQif
4 19
ta&;,ljcif;
(u) owfrSwf'PfaMu;ay;aqmifjcif;/
(c) owfrSwfenf;vrf;twdkif;v,f,majrudkaqmifGufjcif;/
(*) v,f,majray:rS ESifxkwfjcif;/
(C) cGihfjyKcsufr&Sdaqmufvkyfxm;aom taqmufttkHudk z,f&Sm;jcif;/
5 35
tcef;(12)
yk'rf 19 t& csrSwx
f m;aomtrdeu
Yf kd rvdu
k ef mvQif axmif'PfajcmufvrS
jypfrIESihf jypf'Pfrsm;
ESpfESpf? 'PfaiG okH;odef;rS ig;odef;txd ay;aqmif&rnf/
&if;jrpf/ 2012 ckESpf rwfv 30 aeYwGif jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfu twnfjyKonhf v,f,majrOya'/
"mwfyHk&JEkdifOD;
uGeu
f &pfwikd Ef pS w
f ikd ?f aemufbufwiG f
ESpfwdkifpdkufxlxm;onf/
v,f a jrwpf { uud k tuG u f
Yk uGuf
aygif; 20 ausmf&onf/ ,if;odt
aygif;u &mESihfcsD&Sdonf/ ajruGuf
ayguf a ps;url ae&may:rl w nf
wpfuGufvQif usyf 14 odef;rS usyf
odef; 40 txdaygufonf/
&cdkifdk;av;&Gmu jrefrmEdkifiH\
xd y f w ef ; ol a X;BuD ; OD ; od r f ; a0ac:
qmh*sf yef;azmfaqmifonhf emrnfausmf
FMI City tdrf&mESihf awmfkHydkufqH&Sd
onhf vlcsr;f omrsm; wufa&mufruko
Ed k i f o nh f yef ; vd I i f a q;k H w nf & S d &m
vdIifom,mNrKdUESihf vrf;rBuD;wpfckom
G f
jcm;onf/ xl;jcm;onfu ajrwpfuu
usyf o d e f ; q,f * Pef ; 0ef ; usif j zih f
ta&mif;t0,fvkyfaejcif;jzpfonf/
ajruGut
f a&mif;t0,ftwGuf
t"du ydik q
f ikd rf rI mS t&yfuwd pmcsKyf
omjzpfonf/ *&efudkawmh arQmfvihf
r&/ v,form;rsm;vufwiG f v,fajy
pmom&So
d nf/ ,if;aMumihf pmcsKyfcsKyf
ay;onf/ v,f,majrudk tjcm;enf;
jzihf okH;pGJjcif;cGihfrjyK/ v,f,majrudk
tjcm;enf;tokH;jyKvdkygu ve(39)
avQmufxm;&onf[k Oya'u jy|mef;
aomfvnf; 0,folu0,f? a&mif;olu
a&mif;? olYt&yfESihf olYZmwf tvkyfu
awmhjzpfaeonf/
f mG ;w,f}}
]]'DaeY 10 uGuf wnho
[k tuGufdkufa&mif;ol OD;Pfvif;
u ajymonf/
,cktuGuf u
kd o
f nhaf e&monf
&cdik f ;kd av;aus;&Gm taemufbufuyf
vsufjzpfonf/ taemufbuf rdik 0f uf
ceft
Y uGmwGif &Gmuwpfqufwnf; jzpf
oGm;onf/ 0,f,lMuoltcsKdUuvnf;
aemifvmrnhftcsdef aus;&Gmtjzpf
avQmufciG &fh &ef arQmfvihv
f suf&o
dS nf/
]]'DbufrSmu 'DvdkyJ ta&mif;
t0,fvyk Mf u&wmyJav/ wd&Y k mG (ajruGu)f
awmifrS *&ef&w
dS mrS r[kww
f m/ v,f
d ;l / ajypmyJ&dS
qd&k ifvnf; v,f*&efr&Sb
d hJ v,fajr
wm/ &GmtaemufbufrmS &Sw
awGudk tuGufdkufxm;wm jzpfawmh
wdk;csJU jzpfoGm;wmaygh}}[k ydkifqdkifrIESihf
ywfouf tmrcHcsuf &Srd &Sad r;jref;&m
tuGufdkufa&mif;ol a'ocHwpfOD;u
&Sif;jyonf/
,if;aus;&GmwGif udk,fxludk,f
x x&ef p azmf r m ES p f v k H ; &S d o nf /
v,fajray:wGif tuGuf u
kd x
f m;onhf
ajruGufrsm;wGif vlaetdrfxlxyfvm
ygu &yf&mG vQypf pfr;D vif;a&;aumfrwD
xH vQyfppfrD; avQmufxm;Edkifonf/
avQmufxm;cu usyfo;Hk ode;f ausmfcefY
ukefusrnf/ a&&&Sd&eftwGuf a&wkH
uifwl;EdkifNyD; wpfodef;wpfaomif;
usyfcefY ukefusonf/
aus;vufzUHG NzKd;a&; vkyif ef;rsm;
u ,if;e,fbufodkY tmkHrusay/
ok;H ESpt
f wGi;f ,if;aus;&GmwGit
f rd Bf uD;
pmrsufESm-29 okdY
VOICE
The
wuodkvf0ifcGifUESifU taMumif;oHk;yg;
*sufz&Dwiftkef; (&efukefpufrIwuodkvf)
0ifwef;pmar;yGo
J nf jrefrmEdik if w
H iG f pdw0f ifpm;p&m taumif;qH;k
wuodkvf pmar;yG
jJ zpfonf/ ajzqdo
k l um,uH&iS Ef iS hf olw\
Ykd rdbrsm;twGuf
pdwv
f yI &f mS ;zG,&f mtaumif;qH;k jzpfonf/ 2013-2014 ckEpS f ynmESpw
f iG f ppfaq;
cJhaom wuodkvf0ifwef;pmar;yGJBuD;\atmifpm&if;&v'frsm;udk ZGefv 7
&ufaeYwGif xkwfjyefrnf[k trSwf(3) tajccHynmOD;pD;Xme nTefMum;a&;
rSL;csKyfOD;rif;aZmfu twdtvif;ajymMum;xm;cJhNyDjzpfonf/ odkYjzpf&m uH? Pf?
0D&,
d [lonf taMumif;oH;k yg;ay:rlwnf wuov
kd 0f ifciG hf tajzwdu
Uk kd od&awmh
rnfjzpfonf/
wuodkvf0ifwef; pmar;yGJBuD; wd k Y r &S d c J h o nf h tjyif A[dkOD;pD;pepfudk
udk 2014 ckESpf rwfv 12&ufaeYrS taumiftxnfa zmf j cif ; wd k Y v nf ;
rwfv 22 &ufaeYxd usi;f ycJo
h nf/ 0if yg0ifayonf/ Oyrm-ynma&;u@
a&mufajzqdkcJholaygif; ig;odef;av; wGif ]aq;wuov
kd 0f ifcGifh owfrSwf
aomif;ausmf&SdcJhonf/ 2012-2013 &mwGif wuodkvf0ifwef; ajzqdkcJh
ck E S p f w G i f wuodkvf0ifwef;ajzqdk aom ausmif;om;ESifh ausmif;olwdkY\
cJo
h al ygi;f ig;ode;f cefY&SdcJhNyD; atmifcsuf 0if c G i f h t rS w f r sm; rwl n D j cif ; onf
&mcdkifEIef;rSm 34 'or 33 &mcdkifEIef; usm;^r tcGifhta&; cGJjcm;jcif;vm;}
ausmfom&SdcJhonf/
[k ar;cGef;xkwfzG,f&m jzpfcJhonf/
wuodkvf0ifwef;atmifcsuf
wuov
kd 0f ifwef; pmar;yG&J v'f
&mcdik Ef eI ;f onf jrefrmEdik if w
H iG f wdik ;f ESihf onf pmajzolwdkif;twGuf tvGef
jynfe,ftvdkuf rwlnDMuay/ NrdKUe,f ta&;BuD;onf/ &rSwfaumif;vQif rdrd
wpfcEk iS w
hf pfc?k ausmif;wpfausmif;ESihf arQmf r S e f ; xm;onf h wu o d k v f u d k
wpfausmif; atmifcsuf&mcdik Ef eI ;f onf tvG,fwul wufa&mufEdkifonf/
vnf; rwlnMD uay/ &efuek w
f ikd f;a'o pmajzolwdkYonf rdrdwdkYpdkufxkwfBudK;
BuD;onf wuodkvf0ifwef;bmompHk yrf;cJhaom uH? Pf? 0D&d, oHk;yg;ay:
*kPfxl;&Sifrsm;pGm ay:xGef;&mae&m rlwnf pmar;yGJatmifrnf/ pmar;yGJ
jzpfonf/
usHI;rnf/ &rSwfrsm;rnf/ &rSwfenf;
vuf&Sdjrefrmhynma&;pepfudk ] rnf jzpfonf/
Muufwla&G; EIwfwdkifoifay;pepf}
uH? Pf? 0D&,
d oH;k yg;onf b0
( Parrot Learning ) [k ynm&S i f wGif tvGefta&;BuD;ygonf/ uHqdk
rsm;pGmu a0zefaxmufjycJhMuonf/ onfrSm ]tvkyf}jzpfaMumif; ynm&Sd
jrefrmhynma&;tqifhtwef; edrfhuscJh olrsm;u qdkygonf/ pmar;yGJrwdkifcif
&jcif;onf ESpf 50 ausmf ppftpdk;& ausmif;rSefrSefwufcJhjcif;? pmrSefrSef
tqufquf\ ynma&;qdkif&m rl0g' BudK;pm;cJjh cif;jzpfonf uH(tvky)f jzpf
rsm;udk csrSwftaumiftxnfazmf&m ygonf/ Pfonf vlwikd ;f \ yifuAkd ZD
wGif tjyeftvSeaf qG;aEG;jcif;? tBujH yK t&nftaoG;jzpfygonf/ zefwD;vkyf
jcif;? wifjyjcif;? a0zefaxmufjyjcif; ,l vHk;0r&ay/ 0D&d,onf ravQmh
The Voice
wu o d k v f 0 if w ef ; pmar;yG J
atmifjrifolrsm; aysmfMuonf/ arQmf
rSef;xm;onfh *kPfxl;rsm;? wuodkvf
rsm;wuf&vQif twdkif;rod 0rf;om
yDwdjzpf&onf/ pmar;yGJatmifvQif
vnf; tem*wfynma&;c&D;twGuf
qufvufcsDwuf&ef jyifqifp&mrsm;
pG m ud k jyKvk y f & ayOD ; rnf / pmar;yG J
usIH;cJhvQifvnf; 0rf;enf;ylaqG;ae
rNyD ; ao;ay/ pd w f " mwf t if t m;
aysmhnHholwdo
kY nf pmar;yGJusIH;cJhjcif;
aMumifh ynma&;udk pGev
Yf w
T af usmcdik ;f
vmonf/ rdrdudk,frdrd aoaMumif;
BuHpnfonf/ vkyif ef;cGio
f Ykd ul;ajymif;
oGm;Muonf/ xdkuJhodkY jyKrlaqmif&Guf
jcif ; onf xd k o l w d k Y t wG u f xm0&
qHk;IH;rI jzpfoGm;wwfonf/
pmar;yGJusIH;jcif;onf rdrdb0
twGuf w'*Ftcsdefom qHk;IH;jcif;jzpf
10
The
VOICE
acgif;avmif;oH&JY ta0;rSm
,Of,OfaESmif;
OD;&moDESihftwl ZGefv 2 &ufaeY wevFmaeYwGif jrefrmwpfEdkifiHvkH;&Sd
tajccHynmoifausmif;rsm; pmoifEpS jf yefziG afh vNyD/ eHeufcif;ponfEiS fh
tjzLtpdr;f 0wfxm;aom ausmif;om;opfviG af v;rsm; ausmif;oGm;&ef jyifqifae
onhjf rifuGif;rSm MunfEl;p&m/
odkYaomf ,if;tjzLtpdrf;vdIif;
pm;0wfaea&; tqifrajyrIrsm;?
wGif pD;arsmjcif;rjyKEdkifol touf 10 rdbrsm;rS ausmif;qufrxm;Edik rf rI sm;
ES p f 0 ef ; usif & S d armif 0 if ; uawmh aMumih f aus;vuf a e ausmif ; ae
rEav;NrdKU csrf;at;ompHNrdKUe,f&Sd tG,fuav;rsm;pGm NrKdUay:odkY vm
f yk af e&onf/
vufzuf&nfqdkifwpfqdkifwGif tjzL a&muftvkyv
trsm;pkrSm pm;yGJxdk;tjzpfvkyf
tpdrf;0wforD;i,fudk ausmif;ydkYcgeD;
eHeufpmpm;&ef 0ifvmaom om;tz udik af e&Ny;D toufcek pfEpS f &SpEf pS cf efrY mS
ud k M unh f & if ; k w f w &uf r S i f o uf yif tvkyfpvkyfae&olrsm;vnf;&Sd
G af om olwt
Ykd zdYk uRr;f usif
ai;armaeonf/
onf/ i,f,
f ufpmG tvkyf
qdik t
f wGi;f 0ifvmaom om;tz &mum; tjcm;r&S/d oGuv
J ;kd vkyif ef;rsm;uyif
udk csufcsif;yif oloGufvufdkaopGm vky&f aom pm;yGx
aG;cs,fp&mjzpfvmonf/
ar;jref;vdkufonf/
]]bmpm;rvJcifAsm}}
oG u f v uf a om? ocF s mud e f ;
olonf qdkifuxkwfay;aom *Pef;taygif;tEkww
f wfuRrf;aom?
pm;yGx
J ;kd 0wfp&Hk yS t
f ust0gEka&mifay: oifMum;orQemcHNyD; cGe;f wkrYH jyefwwf
H yd jf ym; aom? rcdk;0Sufwwfaom? vkyfcenf;
wGi]f armif0if;}[laom emrnfwq
f m;NyD; ykq;kd cyfErG ;f EGr;f udk yg;aom uav;i,frsm;onf qdik &f iS f
udk wG,cf sdwx
ajcovkH;ay:atmif wdkwdk 0wfxm; rsm;twGufvnf; rsufpdusp&mvkyf
onf/ yg;wGif yg;uGufESpfzufuGuf om;rsm;jzpfvmonf/
trSew
f u,fwiG rf l uav;vkyo
f m;
xm;NyD; uav;wpfa,muf\ [efyef
Ykd abmt& 0goemygveG ;f
rsm;ESihf jzLpifvGef;vSonf/
rsm;rSm olwo
wpfqikd v
f ;Hk wGif tjzLtpdr;f 0wf tvkyv
f yk af e&olrsm;r[kw/f aiGa&;
uav;i,frsm;? rdbrsm; jynhEf u
S fae aMu;a&; tcuftcJrsm;aMumihfom
ovdk xdpk m;yG0J ikd ;f wdik ;f udk {nhBf uKdjyKae rdbESihfZmwdudk pGefYcGmvmcJh&olrsm;
Y k k d ausmif; jzpfavonf/ touftG,f 15ESpfrS
&olrsm;rSmvnf; armif0if;wdv
J ;kd av;rsm;om onf 20 cef&Y dS vli,fa,mufsm;av;rsm;
aeuav;tG,f pm;yGx
jzpfonf/ touftG,fcsif;wlaomf rSmrl yvmwm? eHjym;paom rkefYzkwf
vnf; tjzLtpdrf;0wfuav;rsm;ESihf ynmrsm;oif,lonf/
pm;yGx
J ;kd av;rsm;\ b0rsm;rSm rsm;pGm
tcsKu
Ud vnf; 0yfa&Smyh nm? yef;&ef?
U ikd ;f &Sv
d ufzuf&nf yef;yJ? aMu;oGef;ynmwdkYuJhodkYaom
jcm;em;vSonf/ NrKdw
qdik ?f pm;aomufqikd rf sm;wGif ausmif; toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynmrsm; oif
J ;kd av;rsm; wpfpwpfp Mum;&if; NrKdaU y:wGiq
f ufvuf&yfwnf
aetG,f pm;yGx
aygrsm;vmonfudk NrKdUaevlxkwdkif; &onf/ puf?Hk tvkyf rHk sm;wGif rd;k vif;
owdxm;rdMurnfjzpfonf/
rSonf rdk;csKyftxd tvkyfvkyfae&
]armif 0 if ; }wd k Y u J h o d k Y p m;yG J x d k ; olrsm;vnf;&Sdonf/
uav;i,frsm;wGif ausmif;vk;H 0raezl;
rdef;uav;rsm;taeESihfvnf;
cJo
h rl sm;vnf;&So
d vdk rlvwef;wufae pm;aomufqikd rf sm;wGif [if;csufjcif;?
&if; ynma&;wpfyikd ;f wpfpESifh ausmif; tdrfrsm;wGif tdrftultjzpf vkyfudkif
f yk af eolrsm;vnf;&Sd jcif ; jzih f &yf w nf & onf / aocsm
xGuu
f m tvkyv
k av; vkyo
f m;rsm;tm;vk;H
onf/ trsm;pkrSm GmrSNrKdUay:odkYvm onfrmS xdu
a&muftvkyv
f yk o
f rl sm; jzpfonf/
twGuf b0tmrcHcsuf[l bmrQr&Sd
]]GmrSmu v,frydkif&if ol&if; jcif;yifjzpfonf/
iSm;yJ aeYpm;vky&f wm/ 'gawmif tvkyf
jrefrmEdkifiHwGif touf 16 ESpf
S f
u aeYwdkif;r&Sdbl;/ &SdwJhaeYqdkvnf; atmufukd uav;oli,ftjzpf owfrw
cg;csdaeatmifvkyf&w,f/ ausmuyl xm;onf/ uav;oli,fOya't&
f q
J akd wmh aerylb;l / qdv
d o
Ykd abm
ao;/ 'DrmS u qdik x
k Qif uav;rsm;onf rdrw
vcuvnf; tNrJyrHk eS &f w,f/ xrif; qEt& tvkyv
f yk yf ikd cf iG &fh NdS yD; w&m;0if
Y arwdYk onf[k owfrSwfEdkifonf/
vnf; ykrH eS pf m;&w,f/ tazeJt
vmawG&U if vcxkwNf yD; jyeftyfw,f/
uav;vkyo
f m;wpfO;D udk wpf&uf
uRefawmf&,f? uRefawmhftpfudk&,f vQif trsm;qk;H tvkycf sdef av;em&Dom
ESpfa,muf'DqdkifrSmaew,f/ t"du cGihfjyKxm;&rnf jzpfonf/ odkYaomf
uawmh aeyl x J v k y f p &mrvd k a wmh uav;vkyfom;wpfOD;onf wpfaeY
oufomwmaygh}}[k armif0if;uqdk av;em&Dxufydktvkyfvkyfae&onf
onf/
rsm;rSmjiif;r&onhf jzpf&yfrSefrsm;yif
aerylaom xdt
k &dyo
f nf uav; jzpfygonf/
f u,f at;csr;f aom
pm;yGx
J ;kd uav;vkyo
f m;wpfO;D
rsm;twGuf trSew
t&dyfjzpfyg&JUvm;[k awG;p&mjzpfae onf eHeuf 4 em&DcefYwGif x&onf/
eHeuf 6 em&D qdkifzGihfcsdeftrD jyifqif
onf/
rdk;
"mwfyHk - atmifjrifhxGef;
11
The
VOICE
tarSmifudkcGif;rnfU tvif;a&mifESvkH;om;rsm;
csrf;Nidrf;jzL
i,frsm;onf pD;yGm;a&;? ynma&;? vlraI &;rsm;udv
k yk af qmif&if; wpfzufwiG v
f nf; y&[dwtvkyrf sm;udv
k nf; tm;wufoa&mtcsdeaf y; vkyaf qmifaeMuonfukd awG&U onf/ trsm;tusKd;aqmif&u
G f
jcif;[lonf y&[dwpdwf"mwf trSefwu,fxufoefrSom vkyfaqmifEdkifayonf/ vltiftm;omru aiGtm;? pdwf"mwftm;rsm;jzihf aqmif&Guf&NyD; NyD;ajrmufaomtcgwGifvnf; MunfEl;rIrsm;pGm
jzihf yDwda0&onhf tvkyfvnf;jzpfayonf/ xdkuJhodkY trsm;tusKd;aqmif&Guf&aom tvkyfrsm;udk ESpfNcdKuf*kPf,lpGmjzihf vkyfaqmifaeMuonhf y&[dwtzGJUrsm;pGm&Sdonhfteuf tvif;a&mifESvkH;om;[lonhf
tzGJUtaMumif; azmfjyvdkufygonf/
uGJuGmaeaom i,foli,fcsif;rsm; vlrI
uGef&ufwpfckjzpfonhf Facebook pmrsufESmrS
wpfqihf jyefvnfprk Md uNyD; q&muefawmhyw
JG pfck
udk 2013 ckESpf {NyDv 7 &ufaeYwGif usif;yEdkifcJh
Muonf/ xdq
k &muefawmhyt
JG NyD;wGif oli,fcsif;
rsm; pkaygif;wdkifyifMu&if; ykHrSeftvSLwpfckvkyf
Mu&ef pOf;pm;rdc&hJ mrS tvif;a&mifEv
S ;Hk om;rsm;
pkpnf;rdMujcif;jzpfonf/
wpfvudk wpfOD;vQif usyf 3000 pkum
ok H ; vvQif w pf B ud r f tvS L wpf c k v k y f M u&ef
oabmwlcJhMuonf/ tvif;a&mifESvkH;om;
qd k o nh f tzG J U e mrnf a y;jzpf c J h j cif ; rS m q&m
JG iG f q&m? q&mrrsm;udk ylaZmfco
hJ nhf
uefawmhyw
uAsmESpyf 'k t
f euf wpfy'k jf zpfonf/ tvif;a&mif
ESvkH;om;rsm;qdkonhf acgif;pOfudk cHpm;rdMuNyD;
tzGJUtrnftjzpf ay;cJhMujcif;jzpfonf/
]]uRef r wd k Y ol i ,f c sif ; awG tm;vk H ; u
tvkyfudk,fpDeJY rtm;rvyfawGcsnf;ygyJ/ pdwfyg
vGef;vdkYom rtm;rvyfwJhMum;xJu vkyfMuwm
qdkawmh pepfwuseJY tzGJU&JU vIyf&Sm;rIwdkif;rSm
vkyEf ikd zf q
Ykd w
kd m rvG,yf gbl;/ 'gaMumihf tm;vk;H u
em;vnfrIeJYyJ tqifajyovdk vIyf&Sm;Muygw,f/
qdkvdk wmu pnf;urf;t& wm0eft&qdkwm
rsKd;awG rowfrSwfxm;ao;ygbl;/ aemiftcsdef
twdkif;twmwpfck a&mufoGm;&ifawmh 'Dxuf
pepfusatmifvkyfoGm;rSmyg}} [k tvif;a&mif
ESvkH;om;rsm;tzGJUrS rMuLMuLvdIifu qdkonf/
tvif;a&mifESvkH;om;rsm;tzGJU\ &nf&G,f
csufrSm rjynhfpkHaomuav;i,frsm;\ vdktyf
csuf r sm;ud k wwf E d k i f o rQ jznh f q nf ; ay;&ef
&nf&G,fjcif;jzpfNyD; t"dutjzpf ynma&;ydkif;udk
yHyh ;kd ay;&eftaMumif;udk tvif;a&mifEv
S ;Hk om;rsm;
tzGJUrS tzGJU0ifwpfOD;jzpfol rod*0if;u ]]ynm
wwfoGm;&if avmuBuD;udk tckxufydkNyD; pepf
usatmif? vSyatmif zefwD;Edkifr,fvdkYxifyg
w,f/ t&G,fra&mufcif uav;awG[m rdrJhzrJh
b0eJY kef;uefvIyf&Sm;&rSm vG,fr,hfudpawmh
r[kwfbl;av? 'Dawmh olwdkYav;awGtwGuf
uRefrwdkYu tkwfwpfcsyfoJwpfyGihf tqifajy
Ykd m0ef&w
dS ,fvv
Ykd nf; cHpm;rdw,f/
atmif ulnzD w
uRefrwdv
Yk nf; om;orD;&Sw
d rhJ dbawGrYkd om;orD;
csif;udk,fcsif;pmNyD; olwdkYav;awG&JU b0twGuf
wwfEdkifoavmuf ulnDoGm;zdkY qkH;jzwfxm;yg
w,f}} [kqdkonf/
tvif;a&mif ESvkH;om;rsm;tzGJU\ ouf
wrf;rSm wpfESpf&SdNyDjzpfNyD; 2013 ckESpf {NyDvrS
pwif c J h j cif ; jzpf o nf / ppcsif ; wG i f tzG J U 0 if
oli,fcsif;OD;a& okH;q,fjzihf pwifcJhjcif;jzpfNyD;
e,fu tzG0UJ ifrsm; tvSLaiGyo
Ykd nht
f cg tqifajy
UJ wGuf bPfpm&if;wpfczk iG cfh hJ
ap&eftwGuf tzGt
aMumif;vnf; rod*0if;u ajymjyonf/
2013 ckEpS f ZGev
f 9 &ufaeYwiG f yxrtBurd f
tvSLtjzpf awmifOuvmy eef;OD;bkef;awmf
BuD;oifynma&;ausmif;ESifh '*kq
H yd furf;NrKdo
U pf&dS
0domcgtrsKd;orD; oDv&Sifpmoifausmif;rsm;odkY
vSL'gef;Edik cf o
hJ nf/ tvSLjyKjzpfcyhJ rHk sm;ESifh ywfouf
NyD; tvif;a&mifEv
S ;Hk om;rsm;rS udzk ;kd oifarmifu
]]uRefawmfwdkY tvSLrvkyfcif udk,foGm;vSLr,hf
ausmif;udk wpfacgufoGm;NyD; uGi;f qif;ygw,f/
bmawG t"duvdktyfaevJqdkwmaygh/ olwdkYvdk
aewmawGudk rSwfvmNyD;rS oGm;vSLMuwmyg/
tJ'MD um;xJrmS yJ oeyfyifNrKdeU ,fu &Gmav;awGrmS
a&jywfaew,fqdkwmeJY a&tvSLvnf; vkyfjzpf
cJhygao;w,f/ tJ'Da&tvSLuawmh Mum;jzwf
tvSLyg}} [kqdkonf/
2013 ckESpftwGif;rSmyif pufwifbmv
oefvsi&f dS ZrLOaoQmifov
D &Sif pmoifausmif;wGif
'kwd,tBudrfajrmuftjzpf vSL'gef;jzpfcJhonf/
vSLcJhonhf ESpfBudrfwGif trSefwu,fvdktyfae
onhf pm;aomufukefrsm; vSL'gef;cJhjcif;jzpfNyD;
pmoifckHrsm;yg vSL'gef;EdkifcJhayonf/
xdkYtjyif ysOf;ryifNrKdUe,f&Sd tm,k'DC
bkef;awmfBuD;oif ynma&;ausmif;? yJcl;wdkif;
a'oBuD; oeyfyifNrKdUe,f ukuKdabmhaus;&Gm&Sd
pmoifausmif;i,fav;twGuf vdktyfaeonhf
oif M um;a&;taxmuf t ul j yKyp n f ; rsm;
vSL'gef;jzpfcJhonf/
,ckqdkvQif ykHrSeftvSLaiGxnhf0ifol 50
"mwfyHkcsrf;Nidrf;jzL
"mwfyHkcsrf;Nidrf;jzL
trsm;tusKd;o,fydk;vkdaom y&[dwpdwf
tcHav;rsm;rSm cspfp&maumif;aMumif;? vli,f
rsm; xdkuJhodkY pdwf&if;jzihf tem*wfBuD;wdk;wuf
atmif zefwD;Edkifrnf[k ,kHMunfaMumif;? tcsKdU
tzGJUrsm;qdkygu pepfwus vIyf&Sm;aeonfudk
jrif a wG U & onf r S m tm;&p&maumif ; ouJ h o d k Y
twkvnf;,lrdygaMumif;? xdkuJhodkY tzGJUrsm;onf
wu,hv
f uf&dS vdt
k yfcsuEf iS fh xyfwl ay:vmMujcif;
rSm 0rf;omp&maumif;aMumif; vli,fy&[dw
tzG J U r sm; vI y f & S m ;aeMujcif ; ES i h f ywf o uf
udkzdk;oifarmifu qdkonf/
]]EdkifiHawmftaeeJYu taESmiftzGJUrygwJh
y&[dwtvkyfudk vkyfaewJhtzGJUawGudk tm;ay;
ulnDoihfw,fvdkY xifygw,f/ wjcm;vlrsKd;a&;?
bmoma&;? Edik if aH &;t& tok;H csNyD; aqmif&u
G af e
wJh tzGJUawGudkawmh txl;owdxm;zdkY vdktyfr,f
xifygw,f/ t&yfbuf vlrItzGUt
J pnf;awG tm;
aumif;vm&if Edik if &H UJ vlraI &;e,fy,frmS rnDrQrI
awG aysmufuG,foGm;rSmjzpfvdkY tpdk;&taeeJY
vuf&Sd wif;usyf csKyfcs,frIawG&SdqJjzpfawmh
y&[dw tzGJUtpnf;awGtwGuf Oya' vkyfxkH;
vkyfenf;awGudk topfjyefvnfa&;qGJNyD; pepf
wus ulnDoihfw,fvdkY xifygw,f/ tJ'Dvdkom
ulnaD y;r,fq&kd if vkyaf ewJh y&[dwtzGaUJ wGvnf;
ydktm;wufMur,fxifygw,f/ uRefrwdkYtjrif
rSmawmh ulnaD ewJo
h al wGxuf tultnDvt
kd yf
aeolawGu ydkrsm;aeqJyg}} [k rMuLMuLvdIifu
EdkifiHawmfbufrS vdktyfaeonfrsm;udk ulnDay;
&ef tzGJUom;rsm;udk,fpm; ajymqdkonf/
tvif;a&mifEv
S ;Hk om;rsm;tzG\
UJ aqmify'k f
rSm ]tarSmifciG ;f r,ht
f vif;a&mif tm;vk;H twGuf
tvif;aqmif} [kjzpfNyD; tem*wfrsKd;qufopf
av;rsm; ynmhtvif;a&mifjzihf xGe;f vif;awmuf
ajymifap&ef tpGrf;&Sdoa&GU BuKd;pm;oGm;Murnf
jzpfaMumif; tzGJUom;rsm;u qdkMuonf/
tvif;a&mifESvkH;om;rsm; tzGJUudk pdwf0if
pm; qufo,
G v
f ykd gu zke;f eHygwf 09 -5040440
ESihf 09-5010450 wdkYodkY qufoG,fEdkifonf/
csrf;Nidrf;jzL
12
The
VOICE
trnf;a&mif&wemuay;aom 'Pf&m
udkouf(rkH&Gm)
wGi;f jrpfEiS fh jrpfomjrpfq&Hk m uav;0qdyu
f rf;em;
em;wG
wGif a*:jym;udik x
f m;
olu udkifxm;? taeawmft&G,f 0g;jcif;awmif;rsm; &Gufxm;olu
&Gufxm;ESihf trnf;a&miftykHBuD;em;wGif tvkyfIyfaeMuonf/ xdktykHBuD;rSm
ajrykHBuD;r[kwf? oJykHBuD;r[kwf/ pufBuD;rsm;vnfywf&eftwGuf tokH;jyKaom
ausmufrD;aoG;ykHBuD;yifjzpfonf/
uav;0qdyfurf;wGif aeYpOf
ausmufr;D aoG;rsm;udk armfawmfay:odYk
wif o nh f trsKd ; orD ; ? trsKd ; om;
pkpkaygif;OD;a& 80 cefY&SdNyD; ausmuf
rD;aoG;wifonhf tvkyfudk
vkyfudkifMuoltrsm;pkrSm opfacsmuf
a'orSjzpfaMumif; uav;0qdyfurf;
wGif ausmufrD;aoG;wifonhf touf
20 t&G,t
f rsKd;orD;wpfO;D uqdo
k nf/
uav;0qdyfurf;wGif aeYpOf
ausmufr;D aoG;wifonhf armfawmfrsm;
tqufrjywf&SdaeNyD; uav;0NrKdUteD;
tem;aus;&Gmrsm;rS aeYpm;jzihf uav;0
qdyfurf;wGif ausmufrD;aoG;wifjcif;
vkyfief;rsm;tm; vma&mufvkyfudkif
vmMuonf/ trsm;pkrSm opfacsmuf
aus;&GmrSjzpfNyD; eHeufapmapm wGif
uav;0odYk ausmufr;D aoG;vmydo
Yk nhf
um;rsm;jzihf vma&mufMuNyD; naeydik ;f
6 em&DcefYtcsdef tvkyfNyD;rSom &Gmjyef
MuaMumif; ausmufrD;aoG;wifonhf
trsKd;orD;wpfOD;u qdkonf/
]]ausmufrD;aoG; vmxrf;wJh
uav;awGqdk rdbawGu ausmif;
rxm;Edik v
f Ykd ausmif;p&dwt
f wGuf 'DrmS
ausmufr;D aoG; vmxrf;ae&w,f}}[k
if;u ajymjyonf/
xdak usmufr;D aoG;rsm; rnfonhf
ae&mrS a&mufvmoenf;/ xdkar;cGef;
tajzudk opfacsmufpHjy aus;&GmwGif
aexdik o
f t
l rsm;pku ajzEdik yf gvdrrfh nf/
xdkaus;&GmteD;wGif wefcsdefaygif;rsm;
pGm xGu&f EdS ikd af om ausmufr;D aoG;wGi;f
wnf&o
dS nf/ tdE,
d jrefrmcspMf unfa&;
vrf;rBuD;vrf;wGiw
f nf&adS om tqdyk g
&GmrSm pHjyaus;&Gm[k qdak omfvnf; ae
f csKrUd mS umvMum&Snpf mG vlaexdik f
tdrt
jcif;r&Sdawmhojzihf ysufpD;aeMuayNyD/
,if;aetdrfrsm;udk pGefYcGmoGm;
olrsm;rSm jrefrmEdkifiHwGif ausmuf
rD ; aoG ; ruf x &pf wef c sd e f a ygif ;
&S p f a omif ; ausmf xk w f , l E d k i f r nh f
opf a csmuf ausmuf r D ; aoG ; wG i f ;
wm0efxrf;aqmifcahJ om tpd;k &0efxrf;
rsm; jzpfMuNyD; ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmf
a&;vkyfief;udk yk*vduodkY vTJajymif;
vkyu
f ikd cf iG fah y;cJjh cif;aMumihf yifpifpm;
rsm; b0udka&muf&SdcJhNyD; opfacsmuf
a'oudk pGefYcGmoGm;cJh&jcif;jzpfonf/
ausmuf r D ; aoG ; ud k tpd k ; &u
yk*v
u
d udk vkyyf ikd cf iG afh y;cJNh yD; xdu
k rk P
D
rsm;xJwiG f jrefrmEdik if \
H xdyw
f ef;ukrP
D
BuD ; rsm;jzpf M uonh f xl ; uk r P D E S i h f
ruf(pf)jrefrm ukrPDponhf ukrPD
Bu;D rsm;vnf; yg0ifaMumif;? opfacsmuf
a'owGiaf usmufr;D aoG;wl;azmfxw
k f
vkyfcGihf&&Sdxm;onhf ukrPDwpfckrS
wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u qdkonf/
tpd;k &u ausmufr;D aoG;wl;azmf
xk w f v k y f c J h p Of u jrpf o mjrpf a b;
ausmuftkHawmifaMumwGif wGif;wl;
NyD; vdkPfacgif;wl;um rD;&xm;jzihf
xkwcf ahJ om pepfuu
kd sio
fh ;Hk cJah omfvnf;
2005 ckESpfwGif yk*vduukrPDav;ck
udk wl;azmfcGihfay;tNyD; puf,E&m;
rsm;jzihf awmifrsm;udNk zKdcsum aeYpOfEiS fh
trQ wefcsdeaf ygif;rsm;pGmaom ausmuf
rD;aoG;rsm;udk xkwfvkyfaeMuaMumif;
opfacsmufa'ocHrsm;xHrSod&onf/
ausmufrD;aoG; pwifxkwf,lcJh
pOfu jynfwiG ;f vdt
k yfcsuftwGuo
f m
axmufyEhH ikd &f eftwGuf wefcsed f 15000
rS 18000twGif;om ESpfpOfxkwfvkyf
cJhum ,aeYtcsdefwGifrl ukrPDwpfck
wnf ; wG i f y if wpf E S p f v Qif w ef c sd e f
40000 xd xkwfvkyfaeNyD jzpfonf/
]]opfacsmufe,frSm vkyfydkifcGihf
&wJh ukrPDav;ck vuf&SdrSmwl;azmf
aeygw,f/ uRefawmfwdkYu wpfESpfudk
ausmufrD;aoG; wefcsdefav;aomif;
eD;yg; xkwv
f yk yf gw,f}} [k opfacsmuf
a'owGif ausmufr;D aoG;wl;azmfxw
k f
vkyfcGihf&&Sdxm;onhf ukrPDwpfckrS
wm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u qdkonf/
jrefrmEdkifiHtwGif; ausmufrD;
aoG;odkufaygif; 22 ckcefY&SdNyD; cefYrSef;
yrmP wef 219 oef;&Sdonhfteuf
csif;wGif;a'o&Sd uav;0? yvlZ0?
uav;0opf a csmuf o d k u f r sm;onf
,ckxdwdkif ausmufrD;aoG;wefcsdef
tajrmuftjrm; xkwfvkyfaeqJjzpf
onf/ opfacsmufausmufr;D aoG;wGi;f
rS yrmPcefYrSef;csuftjzpf rufx&pf
wefcsdepf pk ak ygif; 87770 xkwv
f yk Ef ikd f
rnf j zpf a Mumif ; "mwf o w K rsm;\
taMumif;ESihf jrefrmEdkifiH\ wGif;xGuf
odkufrsm;pmtkyfwGif pm&if;Z,m;rsm;
jzihf azmfjyxm;onf/
]]uav;0NrKeUd ,fxrJ mS ausmufr;D
aoG;wl;azmfaewJh ukrPDaygif; twd
tusq&kd &if q,fcx
k &d w
dS ,f/ uav;0
em;u opfacsmufrSmvnf; wl;w,f/
wrl;em;u yvlZ0rSmvnf; tckw;l ae
NyD/ t&ifeJYuGmwmu olwdkYu puf
,E&m;awGeJY awmifNzKdNyD; wl;azmf
w,f/ tJ'Dawmh 'Da'orSm awmifawG
aysmufvmw,f/ opfawmawGjyKef;
vmw,f/ tylcsdefjrihfvmwm wpfESpf
xufwpfEpS f odomw,f}} [k uav;0
NrKdUe,f zGHU NzKd;wdk;wufa&; aumfrwD0if
wpfOD;u rSwfcsufjyKonf/
uav;0ESihf o pf a csmuf a 'o
onf jrefrmEdkifiH ausmufrD;aoG;
tajrmuftjrm;xGuf&Sd&m a'otjzpf
&yfwnfcJhonfrSm ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm
MumjrihfcJhNyDjzpfonf/ vuf&Sdtcsdefxd
vnf; ausmufr;D aoG;tajrmuftjrm;
xGuf&SdaeqJjzpfonf/
"mwfyHkukdouf(rkH&Gm)
"mwfyHkukdouf(rkH&Gm)
uav;0eihf opfacsmufa'orS
xGu&f dSonhf wefcsdefaygif;rsm;pGmaom
ausmufrD;aoG;rsm;udk uav;0qdyf
urf;rSwpfqihf a&,mOfrsm;jzihf wifydkY
vsuf&&dS m ,if;ukrP
rD sm;rS wifyaYkd om
ausmufr;D aoG;udk wpfqih0f ,f,u
l m
jyefvnfa&mif;csaom ausmufr;D aoG;
udk,fpm;vS,frsm;? ukefwifukefcsvkyf
udkiforl sm; uav;0NrKdUwGif ay:ayguf
vmNyDjzpfonf/
]]t&ifwek ;f u ausmufr;D aoG;udk
oH&nfusKdpuf? t&ufcsufpufaHk wGvdk
pufBHk uD;awGrmS yJ ok;H ayr,fh tckq&kd if
tkwzf w
k w
f v
hJ yk if ef;awGawmif ausmuf
rD;aoG; okH;vmMuNyD/ jynfwGif;okH;pGJrI
u ok;H qausmrf sm;vmw,f}}[k uav;0
NrKdUcH ausmufrD;aoG;udk,fpm;vS,f
uav;0NrKdUcH OD;udkudkEdkifuqdkonf/
obm0ywf0ef;usifudk BuD;rm;
pGmxdcdkufcH ausmufrD;aoG;wefcsdef
aygi;f rsm;pGm xkwv
f yk Ef ikd af om uav;0
NrKdUrSmrl vQyfppfrD;rSm ,aeYtcsdefxd
wpfaeYvQif 2 em&DcefYom vsyfppfrD;
&&Sdao;NyD; xdkrD;onfyif wpfywfvQif
av;&uf c ef Y o mvmonf [ k v nf ;
uav;0NrKdUcHtrsm;pku ajymqdkonf/
]]uReaf wmfwYkda'oawGrmS ukrP
D
awGuawmh a&&&Sad &;awG? rD;vif;a&;
awG? aemuf ynma&;axmufyw
hH mawG
tenf;tusO;f awmh&adS yr,hf uReaf wmf
wdaYk 'ouay;vdu
k &f wmeJaY wmh rwef
bl;As/ olwu
Ykd wl;oGm;wmawmh trsm;
BuD; 'gayrJh jyefvkyfay;wmu [efjy
oabmrsKd;jzpfaew,f}} [k uav;0
NrKdUcHwpfOD;uqdkonf/
Edik if w
H umayguaf ps; wpfwefvQif
74 a':vm&Sdaom ausmufrD;aoG;rSm
uav;0NrKdw
U iG f ukrP
0D efxrf;tcsKdEU iS fh
csd w f q uf u m wpf w ef v Qif usyf
ig;aomif;0ef;usijf zihf 0,f,El idk af Mumif;
uav;0NrKdUcHrsm;xHrS od&onf/
]]wefb,favmuf 0,fygr,f
qdkwmudk pmcsKyfcsKyfNyD;awmif 0,fvdkY
&w,f/ rsm;rsm;0,fav aps;usav}}
[k uav;0NrKd U c H ausmuf r D ; aoG ;
udk,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;u qdkonf/
]]uRefawmfwdkY ukrPDawGu
tjyifudkawmh ausmufrD;aoG;awG
xkwrf a&mif;bl;/ jynfyudyk w
J ifyw
Ykd ,f/
wpf E S p f u d k ausmuf r D ; aoG ; wef c sd e f
av;aomif;ausmfavmuf xkwfvkyf
w,f/ rd;k wGi;f qdk a&aMumif;uaevnf;
ydkYw,f/ aEGqdk um;eJYvnf;wifw,f}}
[k if;u qufvuf&Sif;jyonf/
trnf;a&mif&wem[k ac:qdk&
rnhf ausmufr;D aoG;vkyif ef;udk tpd;k &u
yk*v
u
d vkyif ef;odv
Yk aJT jymif;NyD;aemuf
opfacsmufa'owGif aexdkifolrsm;\
b0rsm;rSmvnf; ajymif;vJcJh&onf/
jynfwiG ;f ok;H pGrJ t
I wGuf q,fpEk pS af ygif;
ukdouf(rkH&Gm)
13
The
VOICE
"mwfyHkcefYcefY
aysmufu,
G v
f mw,f}} [k OD;ausmo
f ed ;f aX;
u qdkonf/
aq;yif&mS ;yg;rI\ aemufqufwJG
tjyif jrefrmhwdkif;&if;aq;avmu
tay: oufa&mufrIrsm;&Sdonhfteuf
a&m*ga0'em oufomaysmufuif;&ef
tm;enf;csufrsm; &Sv
d mjcif;aMumihyf if
jrefrmhwdkif;&if;aq;rsm;tay: jrefrm
jynfolrsm;udk,fwdkif ,kHMunfrIavsmh
enf;vmaMumif;? ,if;odkYavsmhenf;rI
onf ESpaf ygi;f rsm;pGm emrnfausmMf um;
cJhaom wdkif;&if;aq;rsm;\ tem*wf
ud k raocsmra&&mjzpf a paMumif ;
wdik ;f &if;aq;ynm&Sirf sm;u qdMk uonf/
aq;yif&Sm;ygrIonf wdkif;&if;
aq;0g; xk w f v k y f a &;vk y f i ef ; rsm;
&Sio
f ef&yfwnfa&;twGuf tcuftcJBu;D
wpfckjzpfae&m tpm;xdk;okH;pGJjcif;
aMumihf jyemrsm;pGm BuHKawGUvm&
aMumif;? txl;ojzihf aq;0g;rSwyf w
Hk if
jcif;ESihf xkwfvkyfrItydkif;wGif IyfaxG;
rIrsm; jzpfay:vmapaMumif; aps;uGuf
twGif; pkHprf;od&Sd&onf/
jref r mh w d k i f ; &if ; aq;rsm;wG i f
yg0ifonhf aq;nTe;f rsm;ESifh ppfreS o
f nhf
wdkif;&if;aq;0g;rsm; aps;uGuftwGif;
rSef uefpGma&muf&Sd &ef oufqdkif &m
aq;0g;rSwfykw
H ifcGijhf yKonhf wdki;f &if;
aq;0g;ppfaq;olrsm;u ppfaq;&m
wGif rSm;,Gif;rIrsm;pGm ppfaq;awG&U &dS
aMumif; ppfaq;olrsm;xHrS od&&dS onf/
2011 ck E S p f w G i f rS w f y k H w if
wdik ;f &if;aq;zkH 1026 rsKd;teufrS aq;
trsKd; 20? 2012 ckESpfwGif rSwfykHwif
wdkif;&if;zkH 611 rsKd;teuf 11 rsKd;?
2013 ckESpfwGif rSwfykHwifwdkif;&if;
aq;zkH 485 rsKd; teufrS 15 rsKd;wdw
Yk iG f
aq;bl;wGif azmfjyrxm;onhf tjcm;
aomypnf;rsm; a&maESmyg0ifjcif;ESihf
aq;yiftrnf qifwlrsm;udk rSm;,Gif;
xnh f o G i f ; rI r sm; trsm;qk H ; awG U &
aMumif; aejynfawmf? wdkif;&if;aq;
ynmOD;pD;Xme? "mwfcGJcef; okawoe
t&m&Sd a':cifpef;vif;u ajymMum;
onf/
]]wpfEdkifiHv;kH u rSwfyw
kH ifr,hf
wdkif;&if;aq;0g;awGudkppfaq;Munhf
wJhtcgrSm aq;nTef;rSm azmfjyxm;wJh
aq;yifawG trSew
f u,fyg0ifrI &Sd r&Sd
prf;oyf&w,f/ tJ'v
D kd ppfaq;Munhw
f hJ
tcgrSm azmfjyxm;wJyh g0ifypn;f xuf
wjcm; trsKd;tpm;awG a&maESmyg0if
aewm? tpm;xdk; okH;pGJxm;wmawG
awGU&w,f/ trsm;qkH;uawmh emrnf
qifwl ;kd rSm;wJh aq;yifawGukd rSm;,Gi;f
ok;H pGx
J m;wmyJ}} [k a':cifpef;vif;u
qdkonf/
aq;yif&Sm;ygrItjyif wdkif;&if;
aq;xk w f v k y f a &;vk y f i ef ; tcsKd U u
aq;0g;xkwv
f yk &f mwGif roef&Y iS ;f rIEiS fh
p&dwfacRwmjcif;wdkYaMumihf aq;0g;
t&nftaoG;usqif;rIrsm;pGm jzpfay:
aq;qdik rf sm;udo
k m tm;ud;k onfxuf
udk,fwdkifpdkufysKd;um tokH;jyKjcif;u
aq;yifvGJrsm;rIjyemrsm; avsmh
enf ; aprnf j zpf N yD ; aq;pG r f ; vnf ;
xuf a prnf [ k xif j rif r d a Mumif ;
OD;0if;pdk;u qdkonf/
]]wcsKdUaq;yifawG tavhus
aygufwmuawmh aygufwmayghaemf/
'gayrJh udk,hfqDrSmusawmh cufcufcJcJ
pdkufae&wmawGawmh &Sdw,f/ aq;
xk wf vk y f wJ h o la wG taeeJ Y u awmh
b,fe,fu b,faq;yif xGufw,f
qdw
k mawmh pkpH rf;xm;&w,f/ aq;yif
xGuw
f ehJ ,fu vlawGev
YJ nf; csw
d q
f uf
xm;&w,f/ t&rf;&Sm;wJh aq;yifawG
qdk&ifawmh ud,
k yf ikd pf u
kd fxm;vdu
k fwm
vnf ; &S d w ,f / 'gayrJ h xk w f v k y f &
avmufatmifxad wmh rjzpfxeG ;f ao;
bl;/ vkH;0rsKd;okOf;oGm;wJh aq;yifrsKd;
awmh r&Sad o;bl;/ 'gayrJh &Sad wmh&w
dS ,f?
pHcsdepf n
H eG ;f jynhrf w
D hJ aq;yifawmh r[kwf
awmh b l ; / wcsKd U a q;yif a wG q d k & if
t&G,rf a&mufao;bl;/ ydeyf ed v
f ed v
f ed f
av;awG / wd k i f ; &if ; aq;yif a wG u d k
pepfwuspdu
k Nf yD; rSerf eS u
f efuefa&mif;
csay;EdkifwJh vkyfief;awGay:xGufvm
r,f q d k & if xk w f v k y f o l a wG t wG u f
trsm;BuD; tultnDjzpfvdrhfr,f}} [k
ESpf 50 ausmfMum wdik ;f &if;aq;a&mif;cs
jzefYjzL;vmol wdkif;&if;aq;q&mr
wpfOD;u qdkonf/
vuf&t
dS ajctaet& a&S;jrefrm
rif;rsm; vufxufu emrnfausmf
Mum; *kPfowif;BuD;cJhaom jrefrmh
wd k i f ; &if ; aq;ppf p pf r sm; raysmuf
uG,fa&;twGuf tpdk;&ydkif;\ ulnD
axmufyrhH I tBuD;tus,fvt
kd yfouJh
odYk wdik ;f &if;aq;0g;xkwv
f yk af &;vkyif ef;
rsm;\ todpdwf"mwf&Sd&Sdjzihf rdrdwdkY\
vkyfief;tjrwfxGufa&;twGufom
rMunhb
f J jrefrmhwikd ;f &if;aq; tem*wf
vSya&;ukd pOf;pm;aqmif&u
G &f efvnf;
vdktyfaeygonf/
wk w f E d k i f i H w G i f wk w f d k ; &m
tyfpdkufynmESihf wdkif;&if;aq;rsm;
urmtESHYysHUESHYNyD; tpGrf;xufonf[k
Ekid if w
H umu vufcv
H mjcif;rSm wkwf
tpdk;&\ ulnDaxmufyHhrIESihf wkwf
wdkif;&if;aq;ynm&Sifrsm;\ BuKd;yrf;
tm;xkwrf ?I vkv
YH 0D&,
d wdaYk Mumihjf zpf&m
jrefrmhwikd ;f &if;aq;ynmzGUH NzKd;wd;k wuf
a&;rSmvnf; tpdk;&ESihf jynfolrsm;ay:
wG i f o m t"d u rl w nf a eonf r S m
taotcsmyifjzpfonf/
cefYcefY
14
The
VOICE
CITY DEVELOPMENT
tpdrf;a&mifNrdKYawmf
NrdKUxJ b,fem;oGm;oGm; opfyifawG&Sdaeatmif? pdrf;jrae
atmif vkyx
f m;&ygr,f/ uav;awG tdrx
f u
J tdrjf yifxu
G &f ifvnf;
ab;uif;vHkNcHKae&ygr,f/ pdrf;vef;aewJh vrf;awGay:rSm? pufbD;
oD;oefv
Y rf;awGrmS tE&m,fuif;uif;eJY uDvrkd w
D m 'gZifaygif;rsm;
pGm oGm;Edkif&ygr,f/
'Dyx
kH u
J vdrk sdK; jrifa,mifMunfMh unhyf g/ vrf;wpfvrf;jcm;wdik ;f
vrf;oGm;vrf;vmeJY pufbD;awGtwGufyJ oD;oefYxm;wJhvrf;awG
&Sdaer,fh NrdKUwpfNrdKUudk jrifa,mifMunfhMuprf;yg/ NrdKU jytopfawGrSm
'grsdK; taumiftxnfazmfzYkd xl;xl;jcm;jcm; rcufcyJ gbl;/ uGeaf wmf
bd*k w
kd m NrdKaU wmf0efb0wke;f u oH;k ESpw
f mumvtwGi;f rSm pufb;D
oD;oefYvrf; uDvdk 70 ausmf azmufEdkifcJhw,f/ NrdKUaevlxk&JU aeyHk
xdkifyHk? aysmf&TifcHpm;yHkudkvnf; ajymif;vJEdkifcJhw,f/
jzpfaerSmygyJ/
tdyfrufrSonf vufawGYqDodkh
'gayrJh wu,fhvufawGUuawmh uRefawmfhpdwful;awG
avmuf rvSybl;aygh/ bmvdv
Yk q
J akd wmhum zGUH NzdK;qJEikd if t
H m;vH;k rSm
qif;&Jom;&yfuGufawGeJY ywfoufNyD; jyemawG trsm;BuD;
&Sad evkyYd g/ uRefawmfwYkd udv
k rfb,
D mEdik if rH Smqdk NrdKU jyawG&UJ wpf0uf
15
VOICE
The
vkyfcsifwmawGvkyfEdkifzdkh vkyfoifUwmawGvnf;vkyfEdkifzdkh
NEW BOOKS
opmESifUtwl igaornf
Munfrif;
OD;ausmfaZ,s
xkwfa0wdkuf - pum;ajymaeol
pum;ajymaeolrsm;pmay?
wefzdk; - 2000
Oya'eJYqufqdkifwJh udp&yfawGudk trsm;
em;vnfvG,fa&;om;avh&SdwJh OD;ausmfaZ,s&JU
"ra&;&mpmtkyfyg/ "r&opmpk ESpfyk'fudk pkpnf;
xkwfa0vdkufwmjzpfNyD; pma&;ol&JU touf 69
ESpfajrmuf arG;aeYtrSwfw&tjzpf xkwfa0wJh
pmtkyfjzpfw,fvdkY qdkygw,f/
]]vdkcsifwmu avmb? rvdkcsifbl;qdkNyD;
jiif;y,fwmu a'go? vdkcsifwmvnf; r[kwf?
rvdck sifwmvnf; r[kww
f mu arm[? vdck sifwm
eJYvnf; rae&bl;? rvdkcsifygbl;qdkwmeJYvnf;
rae&bl;/ vdkcsifwmvnf; r[kwf? rvdkcsifwm
vnf; r[kwfbl;qdkwmeJYvnf; rae&bl;wJh/
avmb? a'go? arm[vGwfatmif b,fvdkae&
rvJw/hJ aeEdik w
f ehJ nf;udk odMu&Jv
U m;vdYk bke;f bke;f
bk&m;u tar;ykpmcsw,f}} vdkYqdkwJh tajzvdk
csifvGef;wJh wlawG&JU ar;cGef;eJY ]ukodkvfyef;awG
yGifhwJh opfyif} qdkwJh "rpmpkudk tpcsDxm;w,f/
]]rvd k t yf w J h t csd e f r S m rvd k t yf w mud k
awmifhwjcif;[m avmbyJ/ vdktyfwJhtcsdefrSm
vdt
k yfwmudk jiif;qefjcif;[m a'goyJ/ vdt
k yfwm
udk vdktyfwmrSef;rodjcif;[m arm[yJjzpfw,f/
'Dtajzudk rif;wdt
Yk m;vH;k twlwal zmfxw
k Ef ikd fMu
wmjzpfwt
hJ wGuf q&mawmfxH oGm;avQmufMu&
r,f/ OD;vnf; rif;wdkYeJYtwl vdkufcJhr,f ...} qdkNyD;
wlawGeJYwuG tajzxk
j wfMuyHHkudk tqiffhvdkuf
awG;jzpfyHk? BuHKawGU&wJh vufawGUtjzpftysuf
av;awGeJY EdIif;,SOfawG;qjyxm;w,f/
]opmESifhtwl igaornf} qdkwJh "r&o
pmpkrSmawmh igqdkwJh ]tw} udk jzKwfzdkY b,fodkY
b,f y H k ta&;BuD ; w,f ? b,f v d k e nf ; vrf ;
tqifhqifheJY ]ig} udk owf&w,fqdkwmrsKd;udk "r
vrf;pOfawGeJY vufawGUqef;ppfa&;om;xm;
w,f/ tJ'D"rpmpkrSm uHudkomrSDNyD; toufarG;
&wJhyk*dKvf? 0D&d,udkomrSDNyD; toufarG;&wJh
yk*Kd vf? uH? 0D&,
d ESpyf g;pvH;k udk rScD ckd iG rhf &bJ touf
arG;&wJhyk*dvfawG&JU taMumif;azmfjyxm;NyD; tJ'D
vdkolawG EGHepfaewJhb0u vGwfcsifw,f? uHqdk;
rdk;arSmifusa&mufaewJhb0u vGwfajrmufcsif
w,fqkd b,fvekd nf;vrf;rsKd; usifo
h ;kH &r,fqw
kd m
rsKd;vnf; yg0ifw,f/ ukov
kd yf ef;awG yGiw
hf o
hJ pfyif
eJY opmESifhtwl igaornfqdkwJh "r&opmpk
ESpfyk'f yg0ifygw,f/
wJUawmufESifU jymaomem;&Guf
aAvk0
tvk
y
f
yd
k
v
k
y
fjzpfrnf/ Oyrm-a&;p&m
tqift
h xd wufEikd cf ahJ om vlwpfO;D \ ud,
k af wGU
rsm;udkrQa0&mwGif ighvdk vlawmif 'gavmuf wpfyk'fNyD;oGm;rnf? vkyfp&mtvkyfwpfck NyD;oGm;
jzpfEdkifao;&if qdkaomtodudk odapvdkonfh rnfqdkvQif qdkufum;? tiSm;um;wdkYudk oHk;&rnf
h yk if ef;u 0ifaiG 200 &rnf/
qExuf rydkyg...} vdkYpma&;olu olY&JUapwemudk omjzpf\/ &vmrnfv
um;iS
m
;vm&wm
aiG
200 ukerf nfqkd bJpm;bJacs
trSmpmrSm vSpf[jyxm;ygw,f/
]b0onf wdyk gonf/ vkycf sifwmrSeo
f rQudk jzpf a eonf h w d k i f ud k , f y if y ef ; rI o uf o mwm?
dS m? apmapmtdraf &mufwm? pdwrf npf&wm
vkyMf unfEh ikd af vmufatmif &Snv
f sm;onfr[kwf Zdr&f w
yg/ vkyfp&mwef;vef;awGESifh aooGm;Mu&onf wdkYu tjrwfjzpf\.../} tcsdefudk oHk;wmvm;?
om jzpf\/... rQwdkaom b0wGif vkyfcsifwm jzKef;rdwmvm; povdkqef;ppfzdkY owday;xm;
av;rS vkyfroGm;cJh&vQifvnf; vlom;onf wmrsKd;ukd ]tcsdefudk pDrHcefYcJGjcif;} qdkwJh acgif;pOf
vlom;r[kwfbJ pufkyfjzpfoGm;ygvdrfhrnf/ vkyf atmufrSm zwf&ygr,f/
jzpfcsifaom qE? om;orD;jyKpkysKd;axmif
csifwmawGcsnf; avQmufvkyfaejyefvQifvnf;
a&;?
uRef
awmhfrdbrsm;? jznfhqnf;jcif;? pmusuf
vkyfoifhwmawGrvkyfjzpf vlom;b0 wm0ef
rausyGefoljzpfvmvdrfhrnf/ vkyfcsifwmESifh vkyf enf;? pdefac:&jcif;&v'f? &J&ifhcdkifrmaompdwf?
oifhwmudk csdefcGifvQmnDatmif ndwwfMurSom tm;jznfhvrf;nTefpmay? vkyfcsifwmESifh vkyfoifh
aeaysmfaomb0wpfckjzpfayvdrfhrnf...} vkyfcsif wm? ysHvTm;av;awG&JUaus;Zl;? tcsdefudk pDrHcefYcJG
wmeJY vkyfoifhwmudk xdef;ndNyD; vkyfaqmifoGm; jcif;? ol&mEGH? pmtkyrf sm; - 1? 2? 3? trSm;rsm; 1? 2?
oif h a Mumif ; ud k ]a&;csif a eaom pm} qd k w J h tIH;udk toHk;csyg? pmaya[majymyJGrsm; pwJh
taMumif;t&matmufrSm axmufjya&;om; acgif;pOfcJGaygif; 30 wdwdyg0ifw,f/ vkyfcsifwm
awGeJY vkyfoifhwmawGudk tcsKd;nDnD tay;t,l
xm;w,f/
]ydu
k q
f w
H wfEikd o
f al wGu tcsdeu
f kd aiGaMu; rQrQeJY vkyaf qmifEikd rf ,feh nf;vrf;awGukd avhvm
vufawGYvkyfief;oHk;pm&if;ynm
omvif; (M.C.Sc)
16
The
VOICE
PROMOTION
ausmif;zGihf&moD
15 &mcdkifEIef;
aps;avQmhay;aewJh
PROMOTION
vufaqmifawG &,lr,f
Samsung &JU aemufq;Hk xGuf Galaxy S50,f,v
l o
kd al wGtwGuf
Samsung Showroom awGrmS jyKvy
k af ewJh 0ef&moDtxl;tpDtpOfukd
l w
l ikd ;f udk
nTeaf y;r,f/ 'DtpDtpOfav;u Samsung Galaxy S5 0,f,o
ZGev
f 2 &ufaeYuae 8 &ufaeYtwGi;f 0,f,rl ,fq&kd if S View umAm?
ZGefv 9 &ufaeYuae 15 &ufaeYtwGif; 0,f,lr,fqdk Flip Cover ?
ZGef 16 &ufuae 22 &ufaeYtwGi;f 0,f,lr,fqk&d ifawmh 32 GB SD
Card povdk aeYtvdu
k f arwmvufaqmifay;tyfomG ;r,fvYkd qdw
k mrdYk
SHOP
jrefrmvufzuf&nft&omeJhrwl
wpfrlxl;wJU Magic Bubble Tea
jrefrmawG[m vufzuf&nfudk
pG J p G J v rf ; vrf ; aomuf a vh & S d N yD ;
aomufaeus vufzuf&nf ykrH eS ?f aygq
h rd ?fh
usqdrfh pwmawGukd vufzuf&nfqikd f
wdik ;f rSm &Edik af yr,hf 'Dvt
kd &omawGeYJ
rwlwJh xdkif0rfu t&omxl;jcm;wJh
vufzuf&nfawGukd a&mif;csay;aewJh
Magic Bubble Tea qd k i f a v;ud k
nTecf siw
f ,f/ 'Dqikd af v;rSm vufzuf&nf
udk at;at;aq;aq; xdkifaomufvdkY
r&ayr,hf reufapmapm ausmif;oGm;?
k;H oGm;wJt
h cg reufpmpm;zd?Yk vufzuf
&nf a umif ; aumif ; av;wpf c G u f
avmuf aomufzdkYawmif tcsdefray;
EdkifolawGtwGuf 'Dvdk Take-away
qdkifav;u oihfawmfygw,f/
'D Bubble Tea enf;ynmeJY
pufypnf;awG[m xdkif0rfujzpfNyD;
Taiwan Black Tea ? Oolong Tea ?
Jasmine Green Tea qdkwJh vufzuf
&nf oHk;rsKd;udk tajccHNyD; aemufxyf
Bubble Tea trsKd;aygif; 45 rsKd;udk
xkwfvkyfxm;wmyg/ aomufvdkY&Edkif
r,hf Bubble Tea awGuawmh opfo;D
tppfawGeJY vkyfxm;wJh Fruit Tea 17
rsKd;? EdeYk YaJ &mpyfxm;wJh Milk Tea tyl/
a&bl;wdkY[m a&yef;pm;vSygw,f/
aps;avQmha&mif;ay;aewJh ypnf;awG
uawmh ausmif;om;? ausmif;olawG
twGuf r&SdrjzpfvdktyfwJh xrif;bl;
trsKd;rsKd;? a&bl;'DZdkif;tpkHeJY tqmajy
rkefYawGxnhfoGm;Edkifr,hf rkefYbl;awG
tjyif rlvwef;tG,f uav;i,fawG
BuKdufESpfoufwJh Hello Kitty kyfykHyg
xrif;bl;? a&bl;? rkeb
Yf ;l av;awGjzpfNyD;
'Dypnf;awGudk 15 &mcdkifEIef; avQmhcs
a&mif;ay;aewmyg/ Lock & Lock
uaexkwv
f yk x
f m;wJh ypn;f trsK;d trnf
awGtrsm;BuD;&SdNyD; ypnf;tm;vkH;udk
t&nf t aoG ; jrif h y vwf p wpf u d k
okH;xm; wmaMumihf tok;H jyKolawGukd
ab;Oy'f rjzpfapbl;vdkY a&mif;csolu
qdkw,f/ Junction Square rSm&SdwJh
Lock & Lock Showroom vdyfpm
uawmh trSw-f 16? uRef;awmvrf;eJY
jynf v rf ; Mum;? TTC ausmif ; a&S U ?
urmGwfNrKdUe,f? &efukef jzpfygw,f/
zkef;-09 421 181 540 udk qufoG,f
ar;jref;Edkifygw,f/
*syefEdkifiHxkwf
AMANOYA
(Rice Crackers)
uav;i,fawGtwGuf usef;rma&;eJY nDnGwfwJh
oa&pmrkefYpDpOf&wm cufcJvmwJh uaeYacwfrSm wpfck
xyfwkd;aG;cs,fvdkY&atmif *syefEdkifiHu xkwfvkyx
f m;wJh
AMANOYA (Rice Crackers) rk e f Y a v;awG u d k
nTeaf y;csifw,f/ ydw
k if;"mwfjynh0f wJh qefnKd? qefjzLwdeYk YJ
tajccHxkwfvkyfxm;wJh rkefYav;awGjzpfNyD; oefY&Sif ;
vwfqwfwhJ [if;oD;[if;Guq
f eD YJ pDraH Mumfcsufxm;wmrdYk
vlrsKd;bmom raG;pm;okH;EdkifrSmjzpfw,fvdkY a&mif;csolu
tmrcH p um;qd k x m;ygw,f / 'D AMANOYA (Rice
Crackers) av;awGu t&om&SpfrsKd;&&SdEdkifrSmjzpfNyD;
17
VOICE
The
Edkif
]PR pepfudkuefhuGuf&if
NDF
tefwD&JU PR pepfusifh
ok;H a&;tqdu
k kd trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfrmS
vufcaH qG;aEG;zdYk ud,
k pf m;vS,f trsm;pk
u axmufcv
H u
kd w
f ,fqakd wmh PR udp
u b,fvdkrsm;jzpfvmr,fvdkY cefYrSef;
xm;ygovJ odvdkygw,f/
DKWK : aqG;aEG;zdkYoabmwlNyD/
aqG;aEG;r,fh udk,fpm;vS,fawGvnf;
emrnfawGay;ukefNyD/ MunfhvdkufwJh
tcg uefu
Y u
G rf ,fo
h al wGvnf;trsm;Bu;D ?
axmufcrH ,fo
h al wGvnf; trsm;BuD;/
aqG;aEG;wJhaeYuawmh tBudwfte,f
jzpfvmr,f/ qkH;jzwfwJhtcgrSm tJh'D
avmuftBuw
d t
f e,fjzpfp&m taMumif;
Yk q
J akd wmh tqdw
k if
r&Sad wmhb;l / bmvdv
uwnf;u axmufco
H el YJ uefu
Y u
G o
f l
tjywftowfumG aewm/ xdik af ewJo
h l
awG b,favmufyJ uefYuGufaeygap
vTwfawmfrSm 'Drdkua&pDpHEIef;eJYoGm;
wmqdak wmh trsm;qk;H jzwfw[
h J m twnf
jzpfrSmyJ/ zdkife,frSmvnf; 'Dtqdku
twnfjzpfzdkY rsm;ygw,f/
Voice
:NLD vdk txifu&ygwD
BuD;u vkH;0uefYuGufxm;wJh 'D PR
pepfukd jrefrmEdik if rH mS bmaMumifh vufcH
usif h o k H ; oif h w ,f q d k w mud k v nf ;
jynfhjynfhpkHpkH odcsifygw,f/
DKWK : ck o G m ;aewJ h p epf o nf
jynfolA[dkjyK? ygwDpkH'Drdkua&pDvdkY
ajymw,f/ ygwDpkH'Drdk ua&pDudkom
BuKdufw,fqdk&if vltpkHyJygyg? toH
tpkyH yJ gyg? ygwDtpkyH yJ gyg bmrSaMumuf
p&m rvdb
k ;l / ygwDpq
Hk u
kd wnf;u ygwD
tpkHygavaumif;avyJ/ odkYaomf ygwD
tpkyH g&if vlawGrsm;vmvdrrhf ,f? toH
awGpkHvmvdrfhr,f? tpGef;a&mufawG
ygvmvdrrhf ,fq&kd if cka&mtpGe;f a&muf
awGr&Sdbl;vm;/ tcsdefwdkif; &Sdaeyg
w,f/ vTwfawmfxJ a&mufvmwmeJY
a&mufrvmwmeJY uGmoGm;&if a&mufvm
awmh rsufESmcsif;qdkifNyD; aqG;aEG;vdkY&
w,f? qk;H jzwfv&Ykd w,f/ tjyify#dyu
awG bmrSr&Sdawmhbl;/ 'DvdkyJ xNyD;
ud,
k Bf uKduw
f m rBuKduw
f maqG;aEG;Mu
awmh tpGef;a&mufygwDjzpfap? tpGef;
ra&mufygwDjzpfap vTwfawmfxJrSm
Voice
NLD A[dkaumfrwD0if
aG ; aumuf y G J a wG r S m
trsKd ;om;vTwfawmftwGuf PR pepf
hf ;Hk a&;tqd[
k m vufcaH qG;aEG;
udk usio
zdYk jzpfvmNyDqakd wmh 'DpepfeyYJ wfoufvYkd
b,fvdkjzpfvmr,f cefYrSef;ygovJ/
UWM : tvm;tvmawmh Munf&h
OD;r,f/ cku trsdK;om;vTwfawmfrSm
wufoG m ;w,f/ jynfolYvTwf a wmf
bufudka&m 'Dvdkenf;eJYvmtkH;rvm;/
aemuftrsKd ;om;rSmjy|mef;cJ&h if 'DOya'
udk jynfaxmifpv
k w
T af wmfrmS qk;H jzwf
wJhtcg b,fvdkjzpfrvJ apmifhMunfh&
OD;r,f/ 'gonf ygwDawG&JU cH,lcsuf
tay:rSm rlwnfw,f/ BuKdrrSef;Edkif
ao;bl;/ aemufq;Hk jynfaxmifpk vTwf
awmfudk a&mufvmr,fqdk&if jynfolY
vT w f a wmf & J U q k H ; jzwf c suf t ay:rS m
rlwnfomG ;rSmyJ/ ud,
k pf m;vS,u
f jynfoYl
vTwfawmfbufrSm ESpfqavmufrsm;
wmudk;/
Voice
: NLD ygwDtaeeJY PR
pepfeJYywfoufvdkY pwifajymqdkMuwJh
tcsdefuwnf;u jywfjywfom;om;
jiif;xm;awmh bmaMumifhrsm; PR udk
jrefrmEdkifiHrSm vufrcHoifhwmvJqdk
wmudk &Sif;jyay;yg/
UWM : PR pepfqw
kd mu jrefrm
Edik if rH mS wpfcgrrS usio
hf ;Hk cJzh ;l bl;/ Adv
k cf sKyf
atmifqef;a&;qGJcJhwJh 1947 ckESpf
zGJUpnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya't&
vT w f a wmf a wG a G ; wJ h t cg vl r sd K ;pk
Yl w
T fawmfaygh/ tJ'h D
vTwaf wmf? jynfov
aG;wJhtcgrSmvnf; rJrsm;wJholEdkifwJh
pepf (FPTP) udyk J awmufavQmufusihf
ok;H cJw
h myJ/ aemuf 1974 jrefrmhq&kd ,
S f
vpfvrf;pOfygww
D ufvmwJh tcgrmS vnf;
jynfov
Yl w
T af wmfw?Ykd jynfoaYl umifpw
D Ykd
aG;Muawmh rJrsm;olEikd w
f phJ epfeYJ wuf
vmwmyJ/ 1990 rSmvnf; 'Dvykd J rJrsm;
olEikd w
f phJ epfeyYJ J usi;f yNy;D q&mud,
k w
f ikd f
0ifNydKif tEdkif&cJhwmyJ/ 2010 vnf;
'DvdkyJ/ Mum;jzwfaG;aumuf yGJ 2012
rSmvnf; 'Dvykd /J 'Dvpkd epfwpfcw
k nf;udk
awmufavQmuftokH;jyKcJhwmawmif
e,fuvlxkawG rJudk rSefrSefuefuef
pepfwus ray;wwfao;bl;/ 'Dvt
kd ae
Voice
wdik ;f &if;om;ud,
k pf m;vS,af wG tawmf
rsm;rsm; vTwaf wmfxaJ &muf vmw,f/
PR pepfomqdk&if tJh'Dwdkif;&if;om;
ygwDawGonf udk,fha'otwGufyJ
&nfpl;wnfaxmifxm;awmh wpfEikd if H
vkH;0ifwdk;zdkYrvG,fbl;/ wpfEdkifiHvkH;
twG u f u tif t m;BuD ; ygwD ok H ; ck
D cg ygwDBuD;
avmufy&J EdS ikd fw,f/ tJ'h t
awG&JU wpfEdkifiHvkH; rJtcsdK;tpm;udk
olwdkYwdkif;&if;om;ygwDawG b,fvdk
,SOfrvJ/ wdkif;&if;om;awG uefYuGuf
w,fqdkwm'gyJ/ olwdkYu ck&xm;wJh
tcsdK;tpm;xufawmif enf;OD;r,f/
tdE,
d ? tar&duefjynfaxmifpek YJ NAw
d ed f
kd a&pDEikd if aH wGrmS
vdrk sdK; txifu& 'Dru
awmif cufcJIyfaxG;wJh PR pepfudk
rokH;bl;/ PR pepfusifhokH;wm &Sm;yg
w,f/ ordkif;oifcef;pmt&qdk *smreD
EdkifiHrSm PR pepfokH;wJhtcg emZDygwD
ay:vmw,f/ tmPm&Sif [pfwvm
wufvmw,f/ *smref&JU 'Drdkua&pD
ordkif;rSm PR pepfaMumifh 'Drdkua&pD
ysuo
f Ok ;f cJ&h ygw,fqw
kd m ajymprSww
f iG f
cJ h w ,f / jref r mEd k i f i H v d k 'D r d k u a&pD
tyifaygufuav;udk 'Dvdk oif;owf
ovdkawmh rjzpfapcsifbl;/
Voice
: trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfrmS
PR udk aqG;aEG;zdkYrJcGJwJhtcgrSm t"du
tiftm;trsm;qkH; tkyfpkESpfckjzpfwJh
tmPm& jynfaxmifpkBuHhcdkifa&;ESifh
zGHU NzdK;a&; ygwD0ifudk,fpm;vS,frsm;eJY
wyfrawmfom; ud,
k pf m;vS,t
f m;vk;H
u axmufcHvdkufwmawGU&awmh bm
aMumifrh sm; 'Dvakd xmufcw
H ,fvYkd ok;H oyf
rdygvJ/
UWM : 'geJ Y y wf o uf v d k Y a wmh
trsdK;om;vTwfawmf&,f? 'grSr[kwf
b,ftzGt
UJ pnf;awGu axmufcw
H ,f
qdkwJhudpudk rajymvdkbl;/ PR pepfudk
usifo
h ;Hk &if wu,fwrf;tusdK;&Srd mS u
wdik ;f &if;om;ygwaD wG vuf&&d S wJh ud,
k pf m;
d rJ
vS,t
f a&twGuf tomxm; 'kw,
trsm;qk;H &wJo
h l 'kw,
d rJtrsm;qk;H &wJh
ygwDtwGuf ydt
k usdK;&Sv
d rd rhf ,f/ 'gygyJ/
Voice
: NLD taeeJYa&m PR
pm 29 odkY
18
The
VOICE
wpfywftwGif;owif;
"mwfykH-jrifhrkd;nKd
odrf;qnf;v,f,majrw&m;pGJqdkrIrsm;udk
wyfrawmfwyf&if;rsm; jyefvnfkyfodrf;
ykord cf dik f omaygif;NrdKe,fEiS afh usmif;uke;f NrdKe,fMum;&Sd *kerf if;aus;Gmtkypf k tke;f yifpak us;Gm
a'ocHawmifolrsm;\ v,f,majrrsm;udkodrf;,lcJhNyD; w&m;qGJqdkcJo
h nhf wyfrawmfwyf&if;rsm;u
arv 29 &ufaeYwGif omaygif;NrdKUe,fw&m;kH; trIkyfodrf;ausat;ay;cJhaMumif; a'ocHawmifol
rsm;u ajymMum;onf/
[dkif;BuD;uRef; wr0wDa&wyfpcef;XmecsKyfu AdkvfBuD;atmif0if;? jrefatmifNrdKUe,f&Sd trSwf
(51) ajcvsifwyf&if;u Adv
k Bf uD; pd;k &JxeG ;f ESifh ykord Nf rdK&Sd trSwf (6) avhusif;a&;wyfu Adv
k Bf uD;tke;f ausmf
wdkYu trIzGifhwdkifMum;cJhaomaMumihf 2013 ckESpf Edk0ifbmvv,fupwif tkef;yifpkGmrS a'ocH
awmifol 65 OD;udk yk'fr447? yk'fr427wdkYjzihf omaygif;NrdKUe,fw&m;kH; ppfaq;cJhNyD; ,if;odkY
ppfaq;vsuf&SdpOf 2014 ckESpf rwfv 22 &ufaeYu ,if;awmifolrsm;u pyg;rsm;jyefvnf&dwfodrf;
onfudk yk'fr(379) cdk;rIjzihf xyfrHtrIzGihfw&m;qGJqdkcJhaomtrIrsm;jzpfonf/
The Voice Daily Vol.2/No .44
19
VOICE
The
pmrsufESm 18 - wpfywftwGif;owif;rStquf
tmqD,u
H ek o
f ,
G rf t
I wGuf 2015 ckEpS f wGipf wifrnfjzpf&m &efuek -f armfvNrKd iq
f ufo,
G af y;onhf
rGejf ynfe,f oxkNH rdKaU &Smif ta0;ajy;um;vrf;ESifh armfvNrdKif- jr0wDqufo,
G af y;onhf u&if jynfe,f
usm;uav; NrdKUa&Smifta0;ajy;um;vrf;azmufvkyf&efESihf ,if;um;vrf;rsm;ESihf qufpyfaeonhf
rGeEf iS fh u&ifjynfe,ftwGi;f &Sd wHwm;av;pif;udk *syeftjynfjynfqikd &f m yl;aygif;aqmifu
G af &;at*sifpD
(JICA) acs;aiGjzihf wnfaqmufrnfjzpfaMumif; ,if;at*sifpDavhvma&;tzGUJ 0if OD;wifatmifrk;d u
ajymMum;onf/
tmqD,HukefoG,frI [dkif;a0;um;vrf;azmufvkyf&eftwGuf pDrHudef;qGJxm;onhf bk&m;BuD;xm0,f ta0;ajy;um;vrf;? oxkH-tEK ta0;ajy;umvrf;? tdEK-jr0wD ta0;ajy;um;vrf;?
armfvNrdKif-tdEK ta0;ajy;um;vrf;ESihf bk&m;okH;ql ta0;ajy;um;vrf;rsm;\ pkpkaygif;t&Snfonf
852 uDvdkrDwm&SdaMumif;? topfaqmufvkyfrnhf aemifvkHwHwm;? *sdKif;-aumhu&dwfwHwm;?
Zmojyifww
H m;ESifh tw&w
H w
H m;rsm;\ pkpak ygif;t&Sno
f nf 1815 rDwm&Sad Mumif; if;uajymqdo
k nf/
jrefrm-rJacgifa'owGif; ydkrdkaumif;rGefaom EdkifiHwumqufoG,fa&; tjrefvrf;rBuD;pDrHudef;
tBuKdavhvmrItwGuf vlxktpnf;ta0;yGJudk arv 24 &ufaeYESihf 25 &ufaeYwdkY u&ifjynfe,f&Sd
aemifvkH? *sdKif;? ZmojyifBuKd;wHwm;wkdY wnf&Sd&ma'oESihf rGefjynfe,f&Sd tw&HBuKd;wHwm; wnf&Sd&m
a'owkw
Yd iG f aqmufvyk af &;0efBuD;Xme? jynfoaYl qmufvyk af &;vkyif ef;ESifh (JICA) avhvma&;tzGw
UJ Ykd
yl;aygif;vkyfaqmifcJhMuonf/
The Voice Daily Vol.2/43
a';'&JjywfaGUaMum tiftm;jyif;ivsifBuD;rsm;rvIyfcwfEdkif[kqdk
&efuek Nf rdKaU wmf\ taemufawmifbufjcrf;wGiw
f nf&o
dS nhf a';'&JjywfaGaU MumwGif ivsifi,f
av;rsm; rMumcPvIyfcwfavh&Sdaomfvnf; tiftm;jyif;ivsifBuD;rsm; vIyfcwfEdkifzG,fr&SdaMumif;
jrefrmEdkifiHajrivsifaumfrwD twGif;a&;rSL;OD;pdk;ol&xGef;u ajymMum;onf/
tqdkyg ajrivsifonf urmat;ajrivsifpcef;\taemufawmifbuf 27 rdkifcefYuGma0;onhf
wGHaw;NrdKU taemufawmifbuf 10 rdkifcefYtuGmudk A[dkjyK tiftm;&pfcsfpwmpau; 4 'or 7
tqihf&Sd ivsifwpfck ZGefv 1 &ufaeY eHeuf 12 em&D 1 rdepf (noef;acgif) cefYuvIyfcwfcJhaMumif;
rdk;av0oESihf ZvaA'nTefMum;rIOD;pD;Xme ajrivsifXmecGJu aMunmcsufxkwfjyefonf/
ajrivsifvIyfcwfcJhjcif;udk &efukefNrdKUawmftygt0ifwGHaw;? usdKufvwf? zsmykH? a';'&J? rtlyif?
bdu
k av;? ykord Ef iS afh rmfvNrdKifuRef;NrdKeU ,fww
Ykd iG v
f nf; od&cdS pH m;&aMumif; a'ocHrsm;\ajymMum;csuf
t&od&onf/
,ckarvtwGif; tiftm;toihftwihfivsifrsm; rMumcPvIyfcwfae&m arv 5 &ufaeYu
&efukefNrdKUawmftygt0if rEav;? aejynfawmf? usdKif;wkH? awmifilESihf wmcsDvdwftp&SdaomNrdKU BuD;wdkY
wGif tiftm;&pfcsfpwmpau; 5 'or 8 tqihf&SdivsifvIyfcwfcJh&m ysufpD;qkH;IH;rIr&Sdaomfvnf;
xdkif;EdkifiH csif;dkifNrdKU wGifrl vrf;rrsm;tufuGJum taqmufttkHtcsdKU NydKusysufpD;cJhonf/
tqdyk ga';'&JjywfaGaU Mumay:wGif 1890 jynfEh pS u
f tiftm;&pfcsfpwmpau; 6 'or 5 tqih&f dS
tiftm;jyif;ajrivsifvIyfcwfcJh&m ysufpD;qkH;IH;rIrsm;jzpfay:cJhaMumif; ajrivsifqdkif&mrSwfwrf;rsm;
t&od&onf/
The Voice Daily Vol.2/ No.42
"mwfykH-jrifhrkd;nKd
urmt
h v
kd yH pfaeY( ZGev
f 23&ufaeY) udk *kPjf yKonht
f aeESifh &efuek Ef iS fh aejynfawmfwiG f usif;y
rnhf tm;upm;NydKifyGJrsm; tm;upm;enf; 33rsdK;yg0ifrnfjzpfaMumif; tm;upm;0efBuD;Xme ,SOfNydKif
jcif;ESihf avhusihfa&;XmecG(J &efukef) kH;u xkwfjyefvdkufonf/
&efuek Nf rdKw
U iG u
f sif;yrnhf tmupm;enf; 25 rsdK;teuf ZGev
f 14 &ufwiG u
f sif;yrnhf Guaf vSNydKif
yGJjzihf pwifrnfjzpfNyD; ZGefv 29&ufaeYwGifNyD;qkH;rnhf 0lSL;ESihf ppfwk&ifNydKifyGJrsm;jzihftqkH;owfrnf
jzpfaMumif;? aejynfawmf tm;upm;avhusihfa&;pcef; ZGefv 20 &ufaeYrS 27 &ufaeYxd tm;upm;
enf;&Sprf sdK;jzihf usif;yrnf[k ,SONf ydKifjcif;ESifh avhusihaf &;Xme( &efuek )f k;H cGJ vufaxmufneT Mf um;a&;rSL;
a':at;at;rGefu ajymMum;onf/
hJ nhf AdAk eD rf (AD,uferfoikd ;f ) tm;upm;
(27) Budraf jrmuf SEA Games NydKifyJG atmifjrifr&I &Scd o
enf;onf ,if;NydKifyGJNyD;qkH;csdefrSp vuf&Sdtcsdefxd upm;orm;rsm; jyefvnfpkpnf;Edkifjcif;r&Sdaom
aMumihf urmhtdkvHypfaeYtxdrf;trSwfNydKifyGJ yg0ifEdkifjcif;r&Sday/
The Voice Daily Vol.2/No. 41
20
The
VOICE
wpfausmUjyefwyfrawmfygwD xlaxmifjcif;
rmEdkifiHwGif 1962 ckESpfuwnf;u ppfbuftmPmydkifrsm;onf t&yfbuftzGJUtpnf;? toif;tyif;rsm;? ygwDrsm;udk zsufqD;vdkufaMumif;awGU&onf/ xdkodkYNzKdzsuf&mwGif pepfusaom pDpOf
aqmif&GufrIwpfckjzpfaomaMumihf awma&mNrKdUygrusef rnfonhftoif;tzGJUrS rusefavmufatmif jzpfoGm;onf/ wyfrawmfuxlaxmifxm;onhf jrefrmhqdk&S,fvpf vrf;pOfygwDvufatmufwGif
tjcm;toif;tzGaUJ ygif;rsm;pGm xlaxmifxm;ojzihf tvkyo
f rm;? awmifov
l ,form;? ausmif;om;tm;vk;H onf jrefrmhq&kd ,
S v
f pfvrf;pOfygwDukd taxmuftuljyKrnhf ygwDtzGt
UJ pnf;rsm;xJoo
Ykd m 0ifa&mufNyD;
EdkifiHa&;vkyfaqmifMu&onf/
EdkifiHawmfjidrf0yfydjym;rI wnf
aqmufa&;? aemufydkif; EdkifiHawmf
at;csrf ; om,ma&;ES i h f zG H U Nzd K ;a&;
aumifp[
D k trnfay;xm;onhf tpd;k &
vufxufwGifvnf; ygwDpkH'Drdkua&pD
pepfukd cGijfh yKxm;onf jzpfaomaMumihf
ygwD r sm;xl a xmif c G i h f j yKxm;onf /
odaYk omf rnfumrwygwDrsm;omjzpfNyD;
wyfrawmftpdk;&\ trsKd;rsKd;aom
jy|mef;csufrsm;atmufwGif rvl;om
rvGefYom jzpfcJh&onf/
jynfaxmifpkBuHUcdkifa&;ESihf zGHU NzdK;
a&;toif;udk wyfrawmftpdk;&vuf
xuf 1993 ckESpf pufwifbmv 15
&ufaeYwGif pwifzGJUpnf;xlaxmifcJh
onf/ 1990 jynhfESpf arvwGifusif;y
cJah om a&G;aumufyu
JG kd zsuford ;f vdu
k f
NyD;aemuf tpd;k &taeESifh &nf&,
G cf suf
&S&d jdS zihf tem*wftwGuf jyifqifzpUJG nf;
xlaxmifxm;onhf tzGJUtpnf;wpfck
jzpf o nf / tjcm;ygwD r sm;ud k v nf ;
xl a xmif c G i h f a y;xm;ojzih f ,cif
jref r mh q d k & S , f v pf vrf ; pOf y gwD u d k
toGifajymif;xm;onhf wdkif;&if;om;
pnf;vkH;nDnGwfa&;ygwDonfvnf;
ay:aygufvm onf/ 1990 jynhfESpfu
trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJUcsKyf (NLD)
ESihf t"duNyKdifbufygwDBuD; wpfck
jzpfcahJ omfvnf; tBuKdtm;prf;yGu
J mv
uwnf;u NLD udk tjywftowf
IH;edrhfNyD; vTwfawmfwGif trwf 10
ae&mavmufom&&SdcJhaom ygwDjzpf
oGm;cJh&onf/
BuHch ikd af &;ESifh zGUH NzdK;a&;toif;udk
xlaxmifNy;D ESpyf wftMumwGif Edik if aH wmf
at;csrf; om,ma&;ESihf zGHU NzdK;a&;
aumifpDonf pnf;rsOf;rsm; pepfwus
a&;qGJNyD; trsKd;om;nDvmcHudk usif;y
um zGpUJ nf;ykH tajccHOya'udk a&;qG&J ef
jyifqifawmhonf/ wyfrawmfonf
rdrw
d x
Ykd ed ;f csKyfEikd rf nhf toif;tzGw
UJ pfzUJG
udk xlaxmifjcif;? trsKd;om;nDvmcH
usif;yjcif;? zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'udk
a&;qGJjcif;wdkYonf tm;vkH;pepfwus
pDpOfcJhjcif;rsm;jzpfonf/
1992 ckEpS w
f iG f wyfrawmfacgif;
aqmifyikd ;f tajymif;tvJwpfcjk zpfymG ;
cJo
h nf/ Adv
k cf sKyfrLS ;BuD; apmarmifae&m
wGif AdkvfcsKyfrSL;BuD;oef;a&Twufvm
onf/ ,if;onfvnf; AsL[mopfjzihf
jrefrmhEdkifiHa&; tcif;tusif;opfudk
pwifvu
kd jf cif;jzpfonf[k qdEk ikd o
f nf/
EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rI wnfaqmuf
a&; tzGo
UJ nf Edik if w
H umzdtm;rsm;ESifh
jynfwiG ;f qefu
Y sifrrI sm;aMumihf a&&Snf
pd;k rd;k tkycf sKyf&efrjzpfEikd af Mumif; odvm
onf/ odkYjzpf&m rdrdwdkYtpdk;&tzGJUudk
taxmuftyHah y;NyD; tiftm;wpfcjk zpf
aprnhf toif;tzGJUwpfckudk xlaxmif
EdkifrSom a&&Snf&yfwnfEdkifrnfudkod
onf/ xdkYaMumihfvnf; BuHhcdkifzGHU NzdK;a&;
toif;udk xlaxmifcJh&jcif;jzpfonf/
EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rIwnf
aqmufa&;tzGJUvufxufwGif ygwDpkH
pepfuo
kd abmwlNyD; ygwDrsm;xlaxmif
cGiafh y;cJo
h nf/ wpfygwpD epfux
kd al xmif
cJhonhfacwfwGif jrefrmhqdk&S,fvpf
vrf;pOfygwD\ pDrrH n
I zhH sif;cJjh cif;aMumihf
pD;yGm;a&; EdkifiHa&;rsm; usqif;cJhNyD;
urmt
h v,fwiG o
f mru jrefrmhtv,f
wGiyf g tBuD;tus,f t&Su&f p&mjzpfchJ
&onf/ xdkYaMumihf EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yf
yd j ym;rI wnf a qmuf a &;tzG J U o nf
,cifwyfrawmfvrf;aMumif;twdkif;
rvdkufrd&ef ta&;BuD;aomaMumihf
t&yfom;ESihf vli,frsm; 0efxrf;rsm;
udpk nf;k;H NyD; BuHch ikd zf UHG NzdK;a&;toif;BuD;
udk rdrdwdkY\ ausmaxmuf aemufcH
ygwDBuD;wpfcktoGif xlaxmifvdkuf
jcif;omjzpfonf/ jynfaxmifpkBuHhcdkif
a&;ESihf zGHU NzdK;a&;toif;onf vlrIa&;
toif;tzGUJ BuD; wpfcjk zpfaomaMumihf
wyfrawmftpdk;&u 0efxrf;rsm;udk
ygwDEdkifiHa&;uif;&Sif;&rnf[k qdkxm;
aomfvnf; toif;odkYtvkH;t&if;ESihf
0ifa&mufap&ef wGef;tm;ay;jcif;?
rufv;Hk ay;xm;jcif;rsm;aMumihf toif;
0ifrsm;pGmpkpnf;EdkifcJhaMumif;vnf;
awGU&onf/
BuHhcdkifa&;ESihfzGHU NzdK;a&;toif;\
wdk;wufpnfyifvmjcif;um tHhrcef;
jzpfonf/ 1996 ckESpfaESmif;ydkif;wGif
toif;0if 5 oef;ausmf&SdvmaMumif;
EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rIwnfaqmuf
a&;tzGJUOu|ESihf jynfaxmifpkBuHhcdkif
zGHU NzdK;a&;toif;BuD;\ em,utjzpf
cH,lxm;ol AdkvfcsKyfrSL;BuD;oef;a&T\
ajymMum;csuft& od&Sd&onf/ 1999
ckESpfwGif xdktoif;BuD; tzGJU0ifaygif;
11 oef;ausmf&Sdvmonf/ toif;0if
wdkY\ toufudk q,fESpfrS pwif0if
a&mufEdkifaMumif; zGihfay;vdkufojzihf
jrefrmhq&kd ,
S v
f pf vrf;pOfygwDacwfu
vrf;pOfvil ,ftzGu
UJ o
hJ Ykd vli,ftrsm;pk
udk pkpnf;EdkifcJhaMumif; awGU&onf/
toif;BuD;\ xkwfjyefcsuft& ,ck
tcg olwt
Ykd oif;BuD;wGif t&G,af &muf
NyD;ol okH;ykHwpfyHck efYonf jynfaxmifpk
BuHhcdkifa&;toif;0ifrsm;jzpfaMumif;
od&onf/
BuH h c d k i f z G H U Nzd K ;a&;toif ; onf
,cif jrefrmhqdk&S,fvpfvrf;pOfygwD
acwf teHYtoufrsm;vTrf;aeaMumif;
xif&Sm;onhftcsufrSm toif;BuD;\
ta&;ygaom wm0efudk,lxm;&onhf
or0g,r0efBuD;onf ,cifu vli,f
pnf;a&;rSL;tjzpfwm0ef,lcJhzl;aom
H iG f tpd;k &
aMumihjf zpfonf/ jrefrmEdik if w
taxmuftyHEh iS fh taxmifvmT ;Edik q
f ;Hk
toif;tzGUJ BuD;wpfcjk zpfco
hJ nf/ xdjYk yif
EdkifiHawmftkyfcsKyfa&;ydkif;ESihf toif;
Bu;D onf tNyKid t
f mPm&Sad eonht
f oGif
udkygaqmifaecJhonf/
1996 ckESpf pufwifbmv 12
&ufaeYrS 15 &ufaeYtwGif; usif;y
onhf jynfaxmifpkBuHhcdkifa&;ESihf zGHU NzdK;
a&;toif;Bu;D \ wwd,tBurd af jrmuf
nDvmcHwiG f toif;Bu;D \ twGi;f a&;rSL;
ESihf or0g,r0efBuD;OD;oef;atmif\
xkwfjyefajymqdkcsuft& tzGJU0ifaygif;
4635777 OD ; &Sd a Mumif; ? ,if ; wdkY
NET N TECH
'
The
Vol.10/ No.21
VOICE
2121
VOICE
VOICE
The
The
TECH
uifr&mtm;omcsufawGeJh
Huawei &JY Ascend P7
EdkifiHwumu kyf&Sifum;awGudk
tcrJU&,lEdkifr,fU Website
kyf&Sif 0goem&SifawGtwGuf
vuf&t
dS csdefrSm emrnfBuD;aewJh EdkifiH
wumu ky&f iS u
f m;awG? t&ifu ud,
k f
rMunhjf zpfcw
hJ hJ ky&f iS u
f m;awGukd tcrJh
&,lEik d rf ,hf http://www.movie2k. tv/
qdkwJh Website av;eJY rdwfqufay;
csifygw,f/ 'D Website av;xJrSm
qdk&if tckaemufqkH;xGuf&Sdxm;wJh
X-Men Days of Future Past wdkY?
Godzilla wdv
Yk kd um;opfawGtjyif t&if
uxGuf&SdcJhwJh a[mvd0k'f kyf&SifZmwf
um;aumif;awG? udk&D;,m;? *smreD?
t*Fvef? tDwvD? *syef? pydef? jyifopf
pwJh Edik if w
H umu emrnfausmf ky&f iS f
Zmwfum;tcsKdUudkyg wifay;xm;yg
w,f/ aemufNyD;uav;awG oabm
usr,h f umwG e f ; um;awG u d k v nf ;
wifay;xm;ygao;w,f/ 'gawGukd tcrJh
qGJNyD;MunhfEdkifygw,f/
aemufNyD; 'D Website rSm Register
vkyfxm;&if Zmwfum;tnTef;awG?
topfwifwJhum;awGeJY ywfoufwJh
tcsuftvufawGuv
kd nf; &,lEikd rf mS
jzpfwJhtjyifudk,fwdkifyg kyf&SifZmwf
um;awG u d k wif a y;vd k Y & ygw,f /
aemufNyD; 'D Website u vlokH;rsm;
wJhtjyif EdkifiHwumkyf&Sifum;awGudk
pkpnf;xm;wmjzpfwJhtwGuf t*Fvdyf
bmomtjyif bmompum; ckepfrsKd;
avmufeJY okH;vdkY&atmif zefwD;xm;
ygw,f/ 'ghtjyif kyo
f t
H pDtpOfawGukd
vnf; wifay;xm;wmaMumihf Munhf I
vdkY&ygw,f/ 'DEdkifiHwumkyf&Sifcspf
y&dwfowfawG pdwfBuKdufjzpfapr,hf
Website av;jzpfwmaMumihf 0ifa&muf
okH;MunfhygvdkY tBuHjyKygw,f/
Download
FREEWARE
N*dK[fom;awGeJh wdkufyGJqifETJ&r,fU
Edge of Tomorrow
First Person Shooter *dr;f awG?
wdkuf&cdkuf& 0goemygolawGtwGuf
N*Kd[o
f m;awGeYJ wdu
k yf aJG wG qifE&JT r,hf
Edge of Tomorrow *drf;eJY rdwfquf
ay;csifygw,f/ 'D*drf;udk emrnfausmf
kyf&Sifrif;om; yg0ifokyfaqmifxm;
wJh Edge of Tomorrow ky&f iS u
f m;udk
tajccHNyD; zefw;D xm;wmyg/ xkww
f m
uvnf; 'DZmwfum;udzk efw;D xkwv
f yk f
cJhwJh Warnar Bros uygyJ/ 'D*drf;rSm
qd&k if ud,
k u
f ,
kd w
f ik d u
f N*K[
d o
f m;ow0g
qef ; awG e J Y &if q d k i f w d k u f c d k u f & r,h f
ppfonfawmfwpfOD;ae&muae yg0if
upm;&rS m yg/ wd k u f c d k u f z d k Y t wG u f
vufeufcJ,rf;tcsKdU &&SdrSmygjzpfNyD;
awmh aoG;eJu
Y snq
f efuakd wmh ud,
k o
f mG ;
aewJv
h rf;aMumif;ay:rSmyJ &SmazG&,l&
rSmyg/ *drf;udkpwifupm;wJhtcsdefrSm
uwnf;u ppfajrjyifxJudk a&muf&Sd
aerSmjzpfNy;D awmh qef;jym;wJh N*Kd [o
f m;
awGudk cufcufcJcJwdkufcdkuf&rSmyg/
kyx
f u
G t
f vGeaf umif;Ny;D awmh Zmwfvrf;
uvnf; aumif;rGefygw,f/ kyf&Sif
Munhfzl;olawGtaeeJY ydkt&om&Sd&Sd
aqmhEdkifr,fxifygw,f/ *drf;&JU File
Size tG,ftpm;u 91 MB &SdNyD;
awmh avmavmq,f Playstore rSm
Install vk y f N yD ; upm;wJ h o l ta&
twGuf 5 oef;ausmf&Sdygw,f/ Andr
oidOSzkef;udkifaqmifolawGtaeeJYh
ttps://play.google.com/store/
apps/details?id=com.wb.goog.
edgeoftomorrow.ldr qdkwJh Link
uae tcrJh Install vkyfEdkifNyD;awmh
i O S orm;awG t wG u f u awmh
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/
edge-tomorrow-live.-die.repeat./id864334927?mt=8 uae
tcrJh &,lEdkifygw,f/
wdkYeJY ,SOfNyKdifzdkYtwGuf
xk w f v k y f x m;wJ h zk e f ; jzpf y gw,f /
tJ't
D wGuv
f nf; 'Dzek ;f rSm uifr&mydik ;f
tm;omcsuaf wG? ydrk kd yg;vTmrI&w
dS mawG?
qGJaqmifrI&SdwJh 'DZdkif;ydkif;tjyif ydkrdk
oufomwJh aps;EIe;f eJu
Y vnf; ,SONf yKid rf I
udkaxmufyHay;aeygw,f/ aps;EIef;
ydkif;udkawmh 399000 usyf owfrw
S f
xm;Ny;D Huawei Showroom awGeYJ
Huawei Flagship Shop awGrSm
0,f,lEdkifygw,f/
Galaxy S5
SOFTWARE
pdwfBuKdufvkyfEdkifr,fU
Viber Switch Timetable
tifwmeufvikd ;f &Sd eHk YJ tcrJh zke;f ajymEdik f pmydEYk ikd w
f hJ App awG trsm;tjym;
&SdwJhtxJu Viber okH;pGJolawGtwGufaqmifxm;oihfwJh Viber Switch
Timetable qdkwJh App av;wpfckudk nTefay;csifw,f/ 'DA pp av;u
wpfcgwavrSm tifwmeufvdkif;okH;pGJayr,hf Viber rSm csufwifjyKvkyfwm?
zkef;ajymwm rjyKvkyfcsifwJhtcgrsKd;rSm Viber udk pdwBf uKu
d f Offline vkyEf ikd w
f hJ
App av;jzpfygw,f/ tcsed &f uf v ckESpfawGudk BuKdwifNyD; Offline jyKvkyftcsdef
Z,m;a&;qGjJ yifqifEikd Of ;D rSmjzpfNyD; Offline tajctae xm;vdu
k &f if wpfzufvu
l
ydkYorQ bmrSr0ifEdkifawmhovdk wpfzufvluvnf; udk,hf&JU Viber udkMunhf&if
Offline jzpfaerSm jzpfygw,f/ tvG,fwul On Off jyKvkyfEdkifrSmjzpfNyD; &,l
vdw
k ,fq&kd if http://www.mediafire.com/download/o70zy2q5v7badqr/
Viber+Switch+Timetable.apk rSm tcrJh &,lxnhfoGif;EdkifrSmyg/
TECH
rdkbdkif;vfzkef;xJrSmyJ pmpDpmdkufvkyfvdkh&wJU
Kingsoft Office
rdb
k ikd ;f vfzek ;f enf;ynmawG wjznf; jznf;wd;k wufvmwmeJY
trQ rdkbdkif;vfzkef;awG&JU vkyfaqmifEdkifpGrf;awGwdk;wufvmyg
w,f/ t&ifu uGeyf sLwmeJyY J pmpDpmdu
k af wG? k;H udpa wGvyk Ef ikd f
ayr,hf tcktcgrSmawmh tJ'gawGukd rdb
k ikd ;f vfzek ;f uaewpfqihf
jyKvkyfvdkY&wJh Application av;awG trsm;tjym; ay:vmae
ygw,f/ tJ'x
D u
J rS vlo;Hk rsm;NyD; ok;H &vnf;vG,u
f w
l hJ Kingsoft
Office eJY rdwfqufay;csifygw,f/ 'D App av;u jrefrmpm
pepfrsKd;pkHeJYvnf; wGJzufokH;pGJEdkifNyD;awmh uGefysLwmxJrSmokH;wJh
Word File awGuv
kd nf; rdb
k ikd ;f vfzek ;f ay:uaewpfqihf zwfEikd f
ovdk jyifqifEdkifygw,f/ aemufNyD; 'D App av;xJrSmyJ Word
File awG u d k zef w D ; a&;om;Ed k i f N yD ; 'D x J u zd k i f a wG u d k v nf ;
uGeyf sLwmxJrmS xnho
f iG ;f NyD; jyefvnfzwfEI ikd yf gw,f/ aemufNy;D
PDF zdik af wGuv
kd nf; zwfEI ikd Nf y;D awmh odr;f xm;vdv
Yk nf;&ygw,f/
udk,fa&;xm;wJh Word File awGudk Cloud xJrSm 'grSr[kwf rdrdudk,fwdkifzefwD;xm;wJh App xJu Folder xJrSm
odrf;qnf;xm;EdkifNyD;awmh odrf;xm;wJh Word File awG udk Email ydw
Yk m Cloud xJu File awG udk rdrday;ydkYvdkolawGqDudk
rQa0wmawGukd jyKvkyzf t
Ykd wGuv
f nf; 'D App xJ rSmudk Tools awG xnho
f iG f;ay;xm;ygw,f/ 'Dvkd Android OS tokH;jyKwJh
rdb
k ikd ;f vfzek ;f awGrmS tok;H jyKEdik Nf yD;awmh https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=cn.wps.moffice_eng qdw
k hJ
22
The
VOICE
FICTION
,cifwpfywfrStquf
tcef; (22)
pmMunf h w d k u f ausmuf o m;
avSum;twdkif; qif;vmaom ,leD
azmif;qifwl rlvwef;ausmif;om;
av;rsm;udk oljzwfoef;wufvmcJh
onf/ uav;i,frsm;\ wuf<uaom
ajcvSr;f wdik ;f wGif tem*wfoH wazsmuf
azsmuf j rnf a e\/ ol Y u d k j rif a wmh
vuftyk cf sDEw
I q
f ufMuonfu cspfcif
ESpv
f zkd ,
G af umif;onf/ Mumzl;oPmef
vuftkyfcsDjcif;onf urmvHk;qdkif&m
dak orI*g&0w&m; odrY k [kwfEIwq
f ufjcif;
\ oauFwjzpfvmonf/
taemufwikd ;f odkY ,Ofaus;rI
us,fjyefYpGm rxGef;um;rDu olOa&my
wdik ;f jynfrsm;odYk oGm;a&mufvn
S v
hf nf
cJhzl;onf/ ]][dkif;? [vdk}} aemufwGif
uyfygvmonfh azmfa&Gurf;vifhaom
vufrsm;udk ol rnfodkYa&SmifvTJ&rnf
rod / txl ; ojzif h trsKd;orD;rsm;\
a&S U w d k ; &cuf aemuf q k w f & cuf
aMumif t rf ; trf ; vuf r sm;twGuf
&[ef;wpfyg;\ 0denf;tcuftcJudk
&Sif;jy&ef puefYydkif;twGif; pum;vHk;
&S m azG & onf u vG , f u l v S o nf
r[kwfyg/
a&TjynfBu;D om; yd#uwf tausmf
tarmf t&Sit
f m'dp0 o
H onfyif vef'ef
a&TNrdKUawmfodkYa&mufcdkuf bdvyfol
wpfO;D \ EIwq
f ufurf;vufukd rsuu
f ,
G f
jyKrdojzifh dkif;vdkufwm[k ESmacgif;IHU
cH&zl;onf/ trSefwu,fawmh Mumzl;
oPmefEIwfqufjcif;oufoufonf
xdjcif;ig;yg;rjynfhpHk &Sdcdk;jcif;rrnf
aomfvnf; ppftmPm&SifacwfqDu
wpfzufowf vuftkyfcsDcH,ljcif;udk
jynfow
l Ykd atmhEv
S ;kH em&mrS tcGix
hf ;l cH
oauFwjzpfcJh&onf/ tjyeftvSef
av;pm;rIww
H m;cif;rxm;aom vlvcl si;f
vuftkyfcsD&jcif;udk pufqkyf&GH&SmcJhMu
onf/ ,ckrl ta&St
U aemuf,Ofaus;rI
csdwfqufrdNyDjzpf em;vnfrIpifjrifh
wGif pdwcf sif;,Suu
f m &yfEikd Mf uavNyD/
pm 10 acgi;f avmif;oH&t
UJ a0;rSm rStquf
roifrae&tcrJhrlvwef;ynma&;
pepfazmfaqmif&ef? ausmif;aetG,f
uav;ausmif;tyf&ef? tcsdefrwdkifrD
ausmif ; xG u f j cif ; rS umuG , f & ef ?
EdkifiHawmfu zGihfvSpfaom ausmif;
rsm;wGif pmoif, l E d k i fj cif ; r&S d a om
uav;rsm;twGuf pmaywwfuRrf;rI
tpDtpOfrsm; csrSwf&ef ponhftcsuf
rsm; yg0ifygonf/
odkYaomf xda&mufpGm taumif
txnfazmfaqmifrItm;enf;aeNyD;
tajccHynmroif,lcJh&aom uav;
vkyfom;rsm; wpfpxufwpfpwdk;yGm;
vmaeonf/
(9)
vuftkyfcsDEIwfqufum avSum;xpf
rsm;twkid ;f qif;oGm;aom uav;i,f
rsm;udk olvufjy&if; NyHK;aerdonf/
ausmydk;tdwfav;awG udk,fpDvG,fvdkY
.../ aumif;ygayh udk,fh0efudk,fxrf;
udk,fhvrf;udk,favSsmuf ..../
"r**F g
tcef; (23)
]]baE bmawGoabmusvdkY
NyHK;aeygvdrfh}} ]]aMomf q&mygvm;}}
tjzLa&mifvnfpnf;ESifh teufa&mif
0wfpHkwGif wefzdk;BuD;abmvfyifwpf
acsmif;jzifh wefqmqiftyfaom t&yf
jrifjh rifh ausmif;q&mudk taemufwikd ;f
om;vli,fwpfOD;ESiht
f wl awGUvdkuf&
onf/ ]]aMomf uav;awGudkMunfhNyD;
rk'w
d mjzpfveG ;f vdyYk g 'umausmif;q&m
&,f/ ud,
k ahf jcaxmufay: ud,
k rf wfrwf
&yfzdkY udk,fhwm0efudk,f,lwwfzdkU q&m
wdkY avhusifhay;xm;wm odyfaumif;
wmyJ / wm0ef (Responsibility) eJ Y
0efxkyf(Burden)qdkwmudk OD;yOif;wdkU
xdkYtjyif uav;vkyfom;rsm;
ES i h fy wf o uf tpd k ; &uaumuf , l
d avmufjzpfaeNy;D
aom ppfwrf;rsm;r&So
EdkifiHwumtzGJUtpnf;rsm;rS avhvm
k m tm;ud;k
xm;aom pm&if;Z,m;rsm;udo
ae&onf/ 2014 ckESpftwGif; Maple
croft tzGJUu urmhEdkifiH 197 EdkifiHudk
aumuf,x
l m;aom pm&if;t& uav;
vkyo
f m;trsm;qk;H Edik if w
H iG f jrefrmEdik if H
u wwd,vdkufaeonf/ xdyfqkH;wGif
tmz&duEdkifiHrsm;jzpfaom tD&pfx&D
,mESifh qdrk mvD,mEdik if u
H yl;wGyJ xr?
jrefrm? ql'efEiS fh uGe*f Ekd ikd if rH sm;u yl;wGJ
wwd,tajctaewGif&Sdaeonfudk
awG U & onf / ta&S U a wmif t m&S w G i f
vnf; jrefrmEdkifiHonf wpfEdkifiHvkH;&Sd
uav;vkyfom;&mcdkifEIef;trsm;qkH;
EdkifiHjzpfaeonf/
tajccHynmrwwfuRrf;jcif;?
pmrzwfwwfjcif;? rawG;ac:wwfjcif;
\ aemufqufwGJtjzpf uav;vkyf
om;rsm;rSm acgif;ykHjzwfcH&jcif;rsm;&Sd
vmEd k i f o nf / vl u k e f u l ; cH & rI r sm;?
uav;oli,ftcGit
fh a&; csKd;azmufcH
&rIrsm;? vdiftvGJokH;pm;jyKcH&rIrsm;
awGU BuHKvmEdkifonhftjyif tajccH
usef;rma&;? ynma&;? vlrIa&; tod
f m;
rsm;tm;enf;vmonf/ uav;vkyo
b0rSonf vlBuD;vkyfom;b0a&muf
f m;tqihf
onhw
f ikd af tmif tajccHvyk o
rSrwufEikd b
f J b0wufvrf;&Sm;yg;vm
onf/
trsdK;awGu oabmraygufcJhMubl;
r[kwfvm;/ uav;0efydrSmpdk;wJh rdb
arwmqdkwmBuD;u PfOD;pD;rIr&Sd
awmh wm0ef,lwwfatmif oifray;
Edkifbl;jzpfoGm;w,f/ ausmif;pydkYwJh
yxrqHk;aeYrSmyJ uav;u pdwf"mwf
tzsufqD;cHvdkuf&ovdkyJ/ uav;&JY
ausmif;vG,ftdwfudk taz? tar 'grS
r[kwf tkyx
f ed ;f olwpfa,mufa,muf
uvG,f? NyD;awmh uav;av;udkyg
ycHk;ay:xrf;NyD; ausmif;ydkYcJhMuwm/
ausmif;ydpYk umv acsmah rmh&r,hu
f mv
rdkYqdk&ifawmh wpfrsKd;ayghav/ 'gayrJh
a&TjynfBuD;rSmu wuodkvf0ifwef;
atmif N yD ; trnf c H b G J U & jzpf w J h t xd
ajcaxmufaysmufaewJh xdwv
f efpY &m
rsKd ; quf B uD ; ud k q,f p k E S p f r sm;pG m
arG ; xk w f r d w J h t xd tE &m,f B uD ; cJ h
zl;w,f}}
]]baE a &;wJ h tG e f v d k i f ;
aqmif;yg;wpfyk'fzwfvdkuf&w,f...
cspf v d k Y a e&mray;rd a wmh wH k ; w,f ?
rke;f vdaYk e&mray;bJxm;awmh I;H w,f
qdv
k m;}} ]][kwyf gvdrhf [kwyf gvdrhf 'geJY
'Du rpwm...}} ]]aMomf [kwyf g&UJ baE
'g wynfhawmfwdkYausmif;udk topf
a&mufvmwJh zifvefEdkifiH trsKd;om;
ynma&;bkwt
f zGUJ (FNBE) u todt
rSwfjyKvufrSwf&ausmif;q&mav;
rp w m tGefedygbk&mh/ jrefrmvdkawmh
uHaumif;jcif;vdYk t"dym ,f&owJb
h &k mh/
ausmif;rSmawmh vkyfazmfudkifzufawG
u q&mudk uHaumif;vdYk ac:aeMuwmyJ
baE}} zif;epf&Sfausmif;q&mav;u
NyKH ;um ]]q&ma': csaemh*f kd cHcg;vdaUk c:bm
z,mh}} [k jrefrmoH00J jJ zifh avSsmufxm;
onfukd oluacgif;ndwt
f odtrSwjf yK
&\/
tcef; (24)
]]q&mrsm;onf ynmt&nf
taoG;\ aomhcsufjzpfonf (Teachers
are the Keys to ; Quality in
Education) }} [l a om ay:vpD u d k
a&TjynfBuD;om;wdkY vufcHusifhoHk;um
qif;&JrGJawrIaMumihf b0&yf
wnfa&;twGuf ausmif;ynmroif
Edik ?f ausmif;ynmroifEikd af omaMumihf
b0&yfwnfEdkifrItm;enf;NyD; qif;&J?
odkYjzihf uav;vkyfom;jyemrSm
tqdk;ausmhoHo&mvnfywfaeonf/
olwdkYrSonf olwdkYom;orD;rsm;
odkYyif qufvufaeOD;rnfqdkygu
uav;vkyfom;rsm;\ tem*wf? EdkifiHh
vlpGrf;tm;tem*wfudk rrSef;qEdkif
awmh N yD / ausmif ; aetG , f u av;
vkyo
f m;rsm;\ b0wd;k wufjrihrf m;a&;
twGuf pDrHudef;rsm;jzihf xda&mufpGm
aqmifGuf&ef trSefwu,fvdktyfae
ygNyD/ vlYt&if;tjrpfzGHU NzKd;aom EdkifiH
wpfEdkifiHwdk;wufa&;twGuf uav;
pHro
D nfq
h &m q&mraumif;rsm; ay:xeG ;f
vma&;twGuf ESpf&SnfpDrHudef;rsm;
r[mya&m*sufrsm;a&;qGu
J m tm;pdu
k f
cJhonf/ odkYESifh ,cifu ausmif;q&m?
q&mrtvkyo
f nf tBuu
H ek *f VKeq
f m;csuf
tqifhodkY ESdrfhcscHcJh&aomfvnf; ,aeY
acwf a&T j ynf B uD ; om;vl i ,f r sm;
Mum;wGif a&G;cs,frItrsm;qHk;ESifhvkyf
udkifcGifh&&ef tcufcJqHk;toufarG;
0rf;ausmif;wpfcjk zpfvmonf/
ynma&; jri w
hf ifrI urmx
h yd w
f ef;
EdkifiHrsm;ESifh aygif;ul;tpDtpOfrsm;
uvnf; tusdK;tjrwfrsm;vSonf/
ynma&;yHhydk;rIESifh vc&dum uGmjcm;rI
r&Sad om a&TjynfBu;D \ rlvwef;ausmif;
pmoifcef;av;wGif zif;epf&Sfausmif;
q&mav;wpfa,muf aysmfarGo
U nfrmS
obm0usygonf/ ckawmh ausmif;
q&mav;u jrefrmpum;udkyif *kPf
,lpGmajymaeavNyD/
]]t&SifwynfhawmfwdkYudk cGifhjyK
ygOD;...uav;awGeUJ ird;k &dyv
f rl u
I n
l aD &;
aumvd y f u d k quf & OD ; r,f b k &mh . ..
OD;ausmfoludk,fwdkif uav;awGudk
{nfhcHpum;ajymr,fbk&m;}}
]]aumif;avpG aumif;avpG
acsmarmaom c&D;jzpfygap}} oD&rd *Fvm
qdyfrS 0#fa<u;awmfajyqdyfodkY z,f&D
oabFmpD;&ef urf;em;vrf;us,fBuD;\
rD;ydGKifhrSwfwdkifudk jzwfqif;oGm;aom
rdwfaqGausmif;q&mESifh uav;i,f
rsm;udk olcPwm ai;aecJo
h nf/
,cifuukefypnf;odka vSm ifHk
rsm; tkwfdk;wHwdkif;jrifh B uD; rsm;jzifh
tvH k y d w f x m;aom vdiI jf rpfjyifonf
[if ; vif ; yG i f h rd k ; aumif ; uif E S i f h
xdpyfrad omtcgrS vwfqwfaomav
udk vGwfvyfpGm arG;zGm;Edkifjcif;jzpf
onf/ a&Twikd n
f eG pUf mMunfw
h u
kd Bf uD;\
wHcg;wGif&yfvkdufonfESifh rSefcsyfrsm;
u tvd k t avsmuf y G i f h o G m ;onf /
]]q&mawmf <uyg }}
(qufvufazmfjyygrnf)
"r**Fg
PERSPECTIVE
Monday, June 9 - 15, 2014
VOICE
mif;vnf;wufc?h J Ekid if w
H uma&;&mudv
k nf; pdw0f ifpm;?
xkdif; jrefwGirf aus
mwdEYk iS hf ,Ofaus;rI? e,fajrcsi;f vnf;eD;pyfaomaMumifh
xdkif;acwfay:ordkif;
xdik ;f Ekid if w
H iG f 1930ausmw
f iG f xdik ;f wyfrawmfu oufO;D qHyikd f
bk&ifpepfudk zsufodrf;um tmPmodrf;cJhaomfvnf; pnf;rsOf;cH
bk&ifpepftjzpf Ekid if t
hH aqmifta,mif oabmxm;cJo
h nf/ vuf&dS
bk&if blrdabmvufxufwGif jynfoljynfom;wdkYudk *kpdkufojzifh
jynfolwdkY\ udk;uG,fjcif;cH&ovdk wyfrawmfuvnf; ae&may;
ojzifh MoZmBu;D rm;vmonf/ Ekid if aH &;tiftm;pk tcsi;f csi;f tmPm
vkyJG kyyf sufqif;ysufjzpfwikd ;f 'dik v
f Bl uD;ae&mu 0if&iS ;f ay;onfrmS
bk&ifblrdabm odkYr[kwf xdkif;eef;awmfjzpfonf/
xdkif;EdkifiH acwfopfordkif;wpfavQmuf Establishment [k
ac:aom tpOftvmt& MoZmMuD;olrsm;om vTr;f rd;k csKyfuikd x
f m;
aomfvnf; vlopfoufqif0ifa&mufvmaomtcg xdkif;EkdifiHa&;
onf xl;jcm;ajymif;vJoGm;onf/ pnf;tjyifrS vl? &JwpfjzpfvJ
pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;&SiBf uD; oufqifonf Ekid if aH &;wGi;f 0ifa&mufvm
G o
f u
G f 0efBuD;csKyfjzpfvmonf/ olonf xdik ;f Ekid if \
H
NyD; cyfjrefjrefou
tpOftvmEkid if aH &;orm;wkYd vspfvsLIxm;aom aus;vufaewdYk
onf;ajcBudKufrl0g'rsm; csrSwfonf/ tpdk;&tqufquf ypfy,fcH
xdkif;qif;&JolwdkYonf olwkdYbufodkY vSnfhMunfhaom oufqifudk
MunfnKd oGm;MuaMumif; rJy;Hk rsm;jzifh oufaojyMu&m oufqifonf
The
jrefrmESifU xdkif;
aZ,sol
wpfrlxl;aom tmPmodrf;yGJ
b,fvdkpcef;oGm;rvJ
xdkif;onf pD;yGm;a&;wGifrl aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&; tajccdkifrm
aeNyDjzpf&m EkdifiHa&;rwnfNidrfjcif;udk twdkif;twmwpfckxd cHEkdif
pGrf;&Sdonf/ xdo
k aYkd om tm;awmifo
h nf xdik ;f wGiyf if Ekid if aH &; rwnf
Nidrfjcif;u xdik ;f pD;yGm;a&;udk du
k cf wfvm&m pD;yGm;a&;ydik ;f wGif tEkwf
vuPmaqmifvmonf/
xdkif;wyfrawmfu EkdifiHa&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm; jyKvkyf&ef
wpfESpfcefY tcsdef,lrnf[k ajymMum;xm;onf/ xdkYxufvnf;
MumcsifMumoGm;Ekdifonf/ xkdtawmtwGif; rnfokdYaom EkdifiHa&;
t&IyfwdkYudk &Sif;rnfudkrod&/ &SyfeDtcsKdUurl EkdifiHjyifywGif jynfajy;
tpdk;& wnfaxmifvdkaMumif; toHrsm;xGufaeonf/ wpfzufrS
Munfjh yefvQif ESpt
f wefMum vdycf w
J nf;vnf;tajctaeudk ausmv
f mT ;
EkdifvQif a&SUqufwufEdkifrnf[k arQmfvifh&onf/ 'Drdkua&pDEkdifiH
rsm;wGif a&G;aumufyGJjzifh tmPmtvTJtajymif; aqmif&GufMu&m
a&G;aumufyGJudk vufrcHEkdifao;oa&GU tajz&Sm&ef cufaeOD;rnf
jzpfonf/ xdik ;f wyfrawmfonf 20 &mpkO;D ydik ;f u oufO;D qHyikd f bk&if
pepfukd jzKwfcsNyD; pnf;rsOf;cHb&k ifpepfukd ajymif;ay;Ekid cf ahJ omfvnf;
21 &mpkO;D ydik ;f wGif wnfNidrq
f aD vsmfaom Ekid if aH &;pepfukd OD;aqmif
ac:,loGm;Ekdifrnfvm;udkrl xdkif;EkdifiHa&;ydwfum;xufwGif Ipm;&
ayrnf/ jrefrmEkdifiHtwGufvnf; xdkif;onf oifcef;pm,lp&m
taumif;qkH; EkdifiHwpfEkdifiHtjzpf qufvufwnf&Sdaeayrnf/
aZ,sol
24
The
VOICE
(1)
tcsdefu 1962 Edk0ifbm\aeY wpfaeYwGifjzpfonf/
ae&mu tar&duefjynfaxmifpk e,l;a,mufNrdKU rif[ef
wefuRef; ta&SU jrpfurf;ay:&Sd 38 xyf taqmufttHk (wpfenf;)
ukvor*twGif;a&;rSL;csKyfHk;ay:wGifjzpfonf/
(2)
vlwpfa,mufonf kyjf rifoMH um;tpDtpOfwpfcu
k kd pdw0f if
wpm;Munhaf eonf/ ol Munfah eyHk pl;pl;pdu
k pf u
dk f &Sv
d o
S nf/rsuaf wmif
rcwfwrf;Munfhaeonf/ vdkonfxuf NidrfoufvGef;aeonf/
wpfcsufwpfcsuf oufjyif;csoH cyfwdk;wdk;yif Mum;vdkuf&onf/
aocsmygonf/ wDAMD unf&h if;? olpY w
d f awmfawmfvyI &f mS ;aeonfrmS
odomvGef;vSonf/
kyfjrifoHMum;MunhfaeolrSm tjcm;olr[kwf? xkdpOfu
ukvor* taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL;csKyf OD;oefjY zpfonf/ olMunhaf e
aom tpDtpOfrmS vnf; tjcm;r[kw?f tar&dueforw uae'D\
tar&duefvx
l o
k Ykd rdecYf eG ;f ajymonft
h pDtpOfjzpfonf/ pdw0f ifpm;
p&maumif;onfu uae'D\rdecYf eG ;f udk em;axmif&if; ]]bmaMumifh
'DavmufpdwfvIyf&Sm;oGm;&ovJ}}qdkaomar;cGef;jzpfonf/
(3)
1959 ESpfOD;ydkif; usL;bm;wGif zD',fuufpxdk tmPm&
onfhtcsdefrSp tar&duefESifh usL;bm;qufqHa&; pwif,dk,Gif;
vmcJo
h nf/ tjyeftvSef &efapmifrrI sm;? pGypf rJG Irsm;jzifh IyfaxG;vm
onf/ okdYjzifh 1962 wGif tar&dueftodkif;t0dkif; ]tar&duefEdkifiH
rsm;tzGJU} (OAS) rS usL;bm;udk xkwfy,fvdkufonf/ usL;bm;
onfvnf; wpfpESifhwpfp qdkAD,uftodkif;t0dkif;ESifh ydkrdkeD;pyfvm
onf/ ,if;tajctaeatmufwGif usL;bm;u 0g&Sifweftxd
ypfEikd af om 'H;k vufeufrsm;udk qdAk ,
D uftultnDjzifh wnfaqmuf
vdkufjcif;u jyemudk tqdk;qHk;txd jzpfapcJhonf/
usL;bm;\ xdv
k yk &f yfonf tar&duefukd a'goacsmif;acsmif;
xGufapcJhonfrSm orwuae'D\rdefYcGef;udkMunfhvQif odomvS
onf/ ]]awmfawmfjyif;xefwJhrdefYcGe;f }} [k OD;oefYu rSwfcsufay;
onf/ ukvor*taeESifh cefYrSef;Munhfoavmuf usL;bm;wGif
'Hk;ysHpif;a& oHk;axmifcefY&SdEdkifonf[k qdkonf/ wpf0ufavmufu
0g&SifweftxdypfEdkifonfh'Hk;rsm; jzpfaeonf/ odkYaomf vuf&Sdtae
txm;t&awmh rjzpfEikd af o;bJ aemufxyfa&mufvmrnfh qufpyf
*drf;upm;olrsm;odkh
ay:vif;OD;
25
VOICE
a':
The
a':pkESifU wyfrawmf
ydkufwif
26
The
VOICE
vuf&dS jrefrmhEikd if aH &;? pD;yGm;a&;? vlraI &;rsm;ESihf ywfouf jyifyynm&Si?f vly*k Kd vf? Edik if aH &;acgif;aqmif? Oya'ynm&Sif tp&So
d w
l u
Ykd The Voice t,f'w
D mtzGx
UJ o
H Ykd ay;ydv
Yk maom oH;k oyfcsuf
jrifuGif;rsm;udk u@wGif azmfjyay;xm;jcif;jzpfygonf/
t,f'Dwm
rmEkdifiHeJU b*Fvm;a'h&SfEdkifiH[m e,fedrdwfcsif; 125
rdkifxdpyfaeNyD; tJ'De,fpyfrsOf;&JU wcsKdUaomae&mawG[m
tumt&HwyfqifrI NyD;pD;rIr&Sdygbl;/ b*Fvm;a'h&Sf EdkifiH[m
jrefrmEdkifiHxuf 4 'or 6 qavmufydkrdkao;i,fayr,fh vlOD;a&
uawmh 2 'or 6 qavmufyrkd rkd sm;jym;ygw,f/ qdv
k w
kd YJ oabm
H m;awG[mjrefrmEkid if x
H ufav;qausmf
uawmU b*Fvm;a'h&fS Edik if o
i,fwJYwdkif;jynfrSmae&NyD;awmh vlOD;a&uESpfqausmf ydkrdkrsm;jym;
aewJhoabmyg/
'Davmufao;i,fNyD; vlO;D a&usyfwnf;wJY Edik if [
H m tifrwef
aMumufrufzG,f&maumif;wJh obm0ab;tE&m,fawGudkvnf;
BuHKawGUae&ygw,f/ UNDP &JU cefUrSef;csufrsm;t& b*Fvm;a'h&Sf
Ekid if &H UJ ajrjyif 17 'or 5 &mcdik Ef eI ;f [m wjznf;jznf;a&zk;H vTr;f vm
aewJ Y t wG u f urf ; d k ; wef ; aevl O D ; a& oef ; 40 avmuf [ m
wjznf;jznf;csif; obm0ywf0ef;usifqdkif&m'kuonfawGjzpfvm
r,fvYkd Ekid if w
H um obm0ywf0ef;usifavYvma&; ynm&Sirf sm;u
oHk;oyfxm;ygw,f/
jrefrmEkid if eH UJ teD;qH;k jzpfwYJ aumYbZm; ppfwaumif;urf;d;k wef;
a'orSmawmh a&rsufESmjyiftjrifYwufqHk;jzpfNyD; wpfESpfudk
tenf;qHk; 7 'or 8 rDvDrDwmEIef;eJYjrifYwufaewmyg/ ckeu
qdkcJhwJh obm0'kuonfawG[mvnf; jrefrmEdkifiHxJudkpdrfh0ifae
cJhwmrenf;ygbl;/
yxrOD;qH;k aomb*Fvm;a'h&efS YJ jrefrmEkifd if w
H &Ukd UJ jyem[m
jrefrmEkid if v
H w
G v
f yfa&;&awmhr,ft
h csed rf mS t*Fvyd t
f pd;k &u zufqpf
*syefawGukd wdu
k zf t
Ykd wGuzf pUJG nf;ay;cJw
h hJ b*FgvDtEG,f rGwq
f vif
tkyfpku ar,kcdkif (,ck armifawmcdkif)udk cGJxGufNyD; East
Pakistan tckb*Fvm;a'h&SfeJY yl;aygif;zdkYBudK;pm;cJhwmu pwmyg /
'gayrJh tJ'Dtcsdefu Muhammad AliJinnah tygt0if
ygupwefacgif;aqmifawGu jrefrmYacgif;aqmifawGeJU ESpfEkdifiH
cspMf unfrI ysurf ,ft
h a&;aMumifh vufrcHcMhJ uygb;l / East PakistaneJU
raygif;&ayr,fu
h v
k m;wefjrpfeYJ ar,kjrpfMum;ua'oudk vGwv
f yf
wJh rGwfqvifEkdifiHwpfckxlaxmifr,fqdkNyD; North Arakan
Muslim League udkxlaxmifcJYMuygw,f/
jrefrmEdkifiHvGwfvyfa&;&NyD; vlrsdK;a&;t"dukPf;awG
jzpfvmNyD; b*Fvm;eJUar,kcdkifu rGwfqvifacgif;aqmifawG[m
bmoma&;ppfy*JG s[
D wfvyk zf w
Ukd u
kd w
f eG ;f cJMh uygw,f /'geo
YJ rdik ;f wGirf ,fh
rl*sm[pf aomif;usef;olawG jzpfay:vmNyD; &cdik jf ynfe,fajrmufyikd ;f
udkxdef;csKyfxm;EdkifcJhw,f/
rl*sm[pf aomif;usef;olrsm;udkjrefrmYwyfrawmfutjyif;
txefESdrfeif;cJhNyD; 1954 ckESpfrSmawmh ppfOD;usdK;oGm;cJhum "m;jy
*kdPf;omomavmufom usefygawmUw,f /
1960 OD;Ek oef&U iS ;f zqyv tEkid &f &SNd yD;awmhrS rl*sm[pfuae
dk[if*smqdkNyD; EdkifiHa&; vIyf&Sm;rIawGay:aygufvmcJhygw,f/
tJY'DaemufrSmawmh. . . Rohingya Youth Organization,
Rohingya Student Organization eJR
Y ohingya Jamiat-alUlama Organization tzGt
UJ pnf;awGarG;zGm;cJyY gw,f/ Rohingya
Solidarity Organization (RSO) [m tJh'DtzGJUtpnf;awGu
wpfqifZY mpfjrpfccH aYJ yr,f1h 994 - 95 avmufrmS yJjrefrmYwyfrawmf
qDrSmacsrIef;cHcJh&wmyg/
tck vuf&SdjyemawGrSm ay:aygufvmwJh Rohingya
Solidarity Organization (RSO)[m tcktcsdefxd jrefrmeJY
b*Fvm;a'h&EfS pS Ef ikd if MH um;rSm tajz&Sm&r,fh jyemwpf&yfyg /RSO
&JUaemufuG,frSm b*Fvm;a'h&Sfppfwyfyg0ifywfoufaewJY t&dyf
ta,mifawG trsm;BuD;jrif&wm[m &cdkifb*FgvDta&;tcif;
jzpfaewJY e,fpyftwGufawmhodyftHhMop&mr&SdvSygbl;/
vuf&Sd jrefrmeJUb*Fvm;a'h&SfwdkU jzpfaewJY jyem[mvnf;
tifrwefxdvG,f&SvG,fwJhe,fpyfrsOf;udk rdkifwdkiftrSwf (51)eJY
(52)Mum;rSm trnfrodt0ga&mif,leDazmif;0wfvufeufudkif
ESpfOD; ay 80 txd0ifa&mufcJYwmu pwJYjyemyg/ wyfrawmf
vHkNcHKa&;tzGJUu wm;qD;ypfcwfwmudk jyefvSefypfcwfrIjzpfyGm;cJh
wmjzpfygw,f/ wpfO;D aoqH;k NyD; M 22 armif;jyefikd zf ,fwpfvuf
eJYusnftdrf av;ck? ,if;usnf 98 awmifYudkyg odrf;qnf;&rd
cJhwmjzpfygw,f/ b*Fvm;a'h&Sf wyfbufuawmh olwdkY&JU e,fjcm;
jref
27
VOICE
&v'fav;ck
avoHr;kd oHtMum;u jrefrmhaEGO;D onf yxrOD;pGm wpfEikd if v
H ;Hk
typftcwf&yfpJa&;ESihf jynfwGif;Nidrf;csrf;a&;? 'kwd,tcsuf
taeESihf 2008 zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'jyifqifa&;? wwd,tcsuf
taeESihf 2014 Mum;jzwfaG;aumufyGJ? pwkwtcsuftaeESihf
2015 ygwDpkH'Drdu
k a&pDaG;aumufyGJ[laom rdkifwdkirf sm;udk jzwf
oef;&OD;rnfjzpfonf/ r,dik w
fh ,dik f nDnw
G af &;jzihf 'Dr;kd 'Davrsm;udk
ausmfvTm;Edkifygrnfvm; pdk;&drfylyefrIrsm;vnf; &SdaeMuonf/
'Drdkua&pDtoGiful;ajymif;rIqdkif&m avhvmcsufrsm;t&
tqiho
f k;H qih&f d&S m ,if;tqihfrsm;rSm tcGg-tul;-tcdik f (ajzavQmh
jcif; Libreralization-ul;ajymif;jcif;Transition-cdkifrmjcif;
Consolidation) [l jzpfonf/ 'Drdkua&pDtajymif;tvJudk
avQmufvSrf;cJhMuaomEdkifiHrsm;taeESihf wifjyygtqihfoHk;qihf
H yf
twdik ;f wpfqihNf yD;wpfqihf csDwufMuonf[l ykaH ooabm ykt
r&Edkifonfudkvnf; awGU&Sd&onf/ 'Drdkua&pDul;ajymif;a&;\
&v'fav;ckudk atmufygtwdkif;awGU&Sd&onf/
(1) xGuf&yfayguf/ toGiful;ajymif;onhf EdkifiHaygif; 86
Edik if u
H akd vhvm&mwGif 'Dru
kd a&pD cdik rf monhf pHjyK'rD u
kd a&pDEikd if t
H jzpf
tqiho
f ;kH qihEf iS t
fh nD xGu&f yfaygufatmif avQmufvrS ;f Edik cf o
hJ nf
rSm EdkifiHaygif; 15 EdkifiHom&Sdonf/ &mcdkifEIef;tm;jzihf 17 &mckdifEIef;
om ul;ajymif;a&;udk *dwfqkH;txd avQmufEdkifcJhjcif;jzpfonf/
(2) aemufjyefvdIif;dkuf/ EdkifiHaygif; 32 EdkifiHwGif jzpfyGm;cJh
aom 'Dru
kd a&pDtajymif;tvJ 44 Budrrf mS aemufjyefviId ;f tdu
k cf H
&NyD; tmPm&Sipf epfoYkd *i,fauGU jyefauGo
U mG ;cJMh uonf/ aemufjyef
vdIif; 44 BudrfwGif tBudrfa& 30 rSm ppfwyftkyfpdk;cJhonhfEdkifiHrsm;
wGif jzpfyGm;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/
(3) qlyltkH<u/ 'Drdku&ufwpftajymif;tvJudk azmfaqmifcJh
l <Hk urI? rwnfrNidrjf zpfrI
aom Edik if pH pk ak ygif;\xuf0ufe;D yg;rSm qlyt
rsm;jzpfay:cJNh yD; Edik if Haygif; 40 cefw
Y iG f &v'fukd &ifqikd af wGU BuHKcJh
&onf/ rwnfNidrfrIrsm;? y#dyursm; jzpfay:vmvQif xkH;pHtwdkif;
aemufjyefvdIif; tdkufcH&onfcsnf;jzpfonf/ wpfygwDtmPm&Sif
pepfusiho
f ;Hk aomEdik if rH sm;? uGejf rLepfEikd if rH sm;xufpmvQif ppfwyf
tkyfcsKyfaomEdkifiHrsm;wGif aemufjyefvdIif;dkufcwfrnhf&mcdkifEIef;
ydkrdkjrihfrm;aeonf/
(4) a0hvnfa0hvnf/ trsdK;tpm;rSm 'Drdkua&pDtajymif;
tvJrsm;jzpfay:NyD; aemufjyefviId ;f tdu
k rf cH&ap&ef a&SmifMuOfEikd f
onf/ odkYaomf q,fpkESpfESihfcsD tcsdefMumjrihfcJhonhfwdkif &ihfusuf
cdkifrmonhf 'Drdkua&pD[laom xGuf&yfvrf;odkY jref;Edkifjcif;r&SdbJ
tqihfoHk;qihftMum; a0hvnfa0hvnf jzpfaecJhMujcif;jzpfonf/
Edik if aH ygif; 86 Edik if w
H iG f odYk [drk a&muf 'Dra&muf Mum;aygufjzpf
&aom EdkifiHta&twGufrSm 24 EdkifiHtxd&SdaMumif; awGU&Sd&onf/
vrf;aMumif;ESpf&yf
'Dru
kd a&pDtoGiu
f ;l ajymif;rIEiS fh Edik if aH &;jzpfpOfrsm;wGif tem*wf
rnfodkYjzpfvmEdkifonf[k {uefrkcswGufcsufr&Edkif/ txl;
ojzihf jrefrmEdkifiHuJhodkY IyfaxG;eufeJus,fjyefYvSonhf toGif
ul;ajymif;rIwGif rnfonfudkrQ BuKdwifcefYrSef;wGufq r&Edkif[k
bdkif,ef*sdK;Zufu qdkonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHESihfywfouf ynm&Sif
tawmfrsm;rsm;u pdwf0ifwpm;&SdcJhMuovdk tav;xm;vnf;
avhvmrIrsm;jyKcJMh uonf/ tvm;wl jrefrmhaEGO;D b,fvrf;avQmuf
b,ftxdaygufEikd o
f nfuv
kd nf; cefrY eS ;f csufrsm; xkwcf MhJ uonf/
zlul,m;rm;armf',f/ EdkifiHwnfaqmufa&;usrf;&Sif zlul
,m;rm;u jrefrmEdkifiHudk awmifudk&D;,m; ul;ajymif;rIESihf,SOfum
ok;H oyfjyonf/ zlu,
l m;rm;\tqdt
k & pD;yGm;a&;wd;k wufrEI iS fh 'Drkd
ua&pDxeG ;f um;a&;udt
k ajccHaom Edik if w
H nfaqmufa&;udk w&m;
Oya'pd;k rd;k a&;ESifh vlrEI ;kd Mum;rIwjYkd zihf csDwuf&efjzpfonf/ 'Dru
kd a&pD
toGiu
f ;l ajymif;a&;\ ajzavQmha&;(tcGg)tqihw
f iG f trsdK;om;a&;
Ed;k Mum;rI t&Sed t
f [kejf zihf xGuaf y:vmwwfonfukd vrf;rvGaJ p&ef
owday;cJah omfvnf; ukov
kd Mf urmrrDygcJh jzpfc&hJ onf/ jrefrmh'rD kd
ua&pDu;l ajymif;a&;wGif wuf<uvIy&f mS ;olrsm;rvdak wmhbJ ]udv
k H
bD,mrm;zD;,m;rsm;} (udkvHbD,mpD;yGm;a&;wuodkvfrS ynm&Sif
rsm;) omvdt
k yfonf[q
k o
kd nf/ zlu,
l m;rm;\ tqdt
k & aG;aumuf
yG'J rD u
kd a&pDjzihf zGiv
fh pS v
f u
kd af om jrefrmhaEGO;D udk pD;yGm;a&;wd;k wufrI
udAk [djk yK &ihu
f sufaom'Dru
kd a&pDoYkd aqmifMuOf;ay;&efjzpfonf/
EdkifiHa&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrIxuf pD;yGm;a&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrIudk
tav;uJaom armf',f[q
k Ekd ikd fonf/ (awmifu&kd D;,m;armf',f)
vm&D'dkif;rGef;armf',f/ 'Drdkua&pDtoGiful;ajymif;a&;
oDt&kd u
D Rrf;usifol vm&D'ikd ;f rGe;f u jrefrmhaEGO;D \tem*wftwGuf
t"dutBuHjyKcsufESpf&yf azmfxkwfcJhonf/ 'dkif;rGef;\tjrift&
jrefrmhaEGO;D onf xdyw
f u
kd &f ifqikd f xGuaf ygufyw
d Nf yD; aemufjyefviId ;f
tdu
k cf &H Edik o
f nhf pd;k &drpf &mtajctaejzpfaeonf/ tusyftwnf;
udkausmfvTm;Edkif&ef tpdk;&ESihftwdkuftcH ESpfzufpvkH;u tjrif
us,fus,f tajrmftjrif&&dS jdS zihf aemifvmrnhf ESpaf ygif;rsm;pGmtxd
The
&v'fav;ck? vrf;aMumif;ESpf&yf?
jzpfEdkifajcav;ck? zsufoHk;zsufESifU jrefrmUaEGOD;
rSL;aZmf
BuKdwifarQmfawG;um toGiu
f ;l ajymif;a&;udk jzwfoef;oGm;&ef jzpf
onf/ t"dutBuHjyKcsufEpS &f yfrmS tpd;k &ESifh twdu
k t
f cH toGiu
f ;l
f map&ef tay;-t,loabm
ajymif;a&;y#dnmOfwpf&yf ay:xGuv
ndEdIif;&ef? aG;aumufyGJpepfudk tcsdK;uspepfodkYul;ajymif;&ef
jzpfonf/ (awmiftmz&duarmf',f)
ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD\ zsufoHk;zsuf
rMumao;cifuyif vuf0JaoGznfa&; vrf;aMumif;tjzpf
]Arm jynfueG jf rLepfygwD} u ]2008 tajccHOya'udk vTwaf wmfjyify
vrf;aMumif;jzihf tNyD;wdkifzsufodrf;a&;} aqmifGuf&ef aMunm
csufwpf&yf xkwjf yefvmcJjh cif;udk Edik if aH &;wdu
k u
f u
G t
f opftwGuf
tcsufay;oH wHydk;c&mozG,f awGU jrifcJhMu&onf/ (Auy\ zsuf
oHk;zsufwGif tcsufu t"dujzpfaeonf)
'Dru
kd a&pDtoGiu
f ;l ajymif;a&;qdik &f m ynm&Si'f b
D w
d frsm;u
jrefrmhaEGOD;vm;&mudk rnfonhfarmf',fvf jzpfvmEdkifonf? rnf
onhfvrf;aMumif; a&mufvmEdkifonf ponftm;jzihf wifBuKdcefY
rSef;cJhMujcif;jzpfonf/ ,if;ynm&Sifrsm;\ jrefrmhaEGOD; tjzL?
trnf; roJuGJcifu rSef;qcsufrsm;onf ,ckvuf&SdumvwGif
jrefrmhaEGOD; rdk;vm; wdrfvm; jrLESif;vm;[k uGJvGJaep&m rvdkawmh
onhftaetxm;udk rsufESmrlaeNyDjzpfonf/ EdkifiHhta&;[kqdkMu
aom Edik if aH &;orm;rsm;\ Edik if aH &;onfvnf; aygvfaumfv,
D m\
Greed and Grievance oDtdk&DESihf wdkufqdkifppfaq;jcif;udk cHEdkif&
rnfjzpfonf/
1965 ckESpfrS 2004 ckESpftxd jzpfyGm;cJhaom urmwpf0ef;
vkH;&Sd jynfwGif;ppfESihf y#dyursm;udk avhvmqef;ppf&mrS &&SdvmcJh
aom cg;oD ; onh f t rS e f w &m;wpf & yf r S m ]w&m;rQwrI u if ; rJ h
jcif;aMumihfjzpf&onf[k ,cifu,lqcJhMuaom udp&yftawmf
rsm;rsm;onf tusdK;pD;yGm;aMumihfjzpfonfudkawGU&Sd&NyD; t"r
(Grievance) aMumihf jzpf&aom awmfve
S af &;wdrYk mS trSepf ifppfwiG f
Edik if aH &;acgif;aqmif tenf;pk\avmb(Greed)aMumihf jzpf&jcif;
jzpfonf} [l jzpfonf/ jrefrmhaEGOD;onfvnf; Grievance ESihf
Greed wdkYtMum; rydwfrdap&ef ]EdkifiHa&;ESihfwlaom EdkifiHa&;} udk
usihfBuHtm;xkwfMu&ef vdktyfayrnf/
'Drdkua&pDul;ajymif;rIwGif ynm&SifwdkY okH;oyfonhftwdkif;
vnf; jzpfcsifrSjzpfrnf? xdkYtwl jzpfcsifvnf; jzpfvmEdkifonf/
{uefrJhrIwdkYjynhfESufaeaom ]taeuefc&D;} udkavQmufvSrf;cJhNyD;
jzpfaom jrefrmhaEGO;D \uHMurmonfyif wdik ;f jynfuMH urm? jynfol
wdkY\uHMurm jzpfaeav&m {uefrkcs vSyaernhfjrefrmhaEGOD;udk
pdrf;vef;pGm awGU jrifEdkifa&;twGuf 2015 ESihf oef; 60 udk rsuf
arSmufjyKMu&ef &Sad wmhaMumif; rD;armif;xd;k wifjyvdu
k &f ayonf/
rSL;aZmf
28
The
VOICE
a&wkdrS jzpfay:vmaomoufa&mufrIrsm;
(1) NyD;cJo
h nfh vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;rsm;tNyD; jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmfu tqkdjyKaom tpkd;&0efxrf;rsm;\ vpmEIef;xm;rsm;
wkd;jrihf&efESifh jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfu oabmwlcJhaom ,ck
b@ma&;ESpo
f pfwiG f pwifaumufcaH wmhrnfh vQyfppf"mwftm;c
rsm; jrihfwufawmif;qkdjcif;ukd oabmwlvkdufjcif;udp ESpf&yfjzpf
onf/ xkdtjzpftysufrsm;onf vGTwfawmf\ vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;
aMumifo
h ufa&mufvmaom jynfwiG ;f tajctae oufa&mufrrI sm;
jzpfonf/
tm;vkH;odMuonfhtwkdif; 0efxrf;rsm; vpmwufvQif ukef
aps;EIef;wufjcif;rSm obm0vkdjzpfaeonf/ qkd&vQif 0efxrf;rsm;
vpmwufjcif;ESifh ukefaps;EIef;wufjcif;onf zGm;zufawmftvm;
jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&;ukd ae&m,lxm;NyD;jzpfonf/ b@mESpfukefwGif
pwifouf0ifonfh 0efxrf;vpmwk;d jcif;onf oBueF u
f mv &uf&n
S f
ydwfjcif;ESifh tpkd;&kH;ydwf&uf&Snfjcif;wkdYaMumihf ukefpnf0,f,l
okdavSmifrItenf;ESihf trsm; jzpfay:Muojzifh ukefpnfaps;EIef;rsm;
jrifhwufvmjcif;jzpfonf/ oBuFef&ufrsm;tNyD; t&yf&yfukefpnf
aps;EIef;rsm; jyefusonfh"avh&Sdaomfvnf; ,ckwpfBudrfwGifrI
jyefvnfusqif;vmjcif;r&Sad wmhyg/ ,cktcg ukefpdrf;? ukefajcmuf?
ukeaf csm ponft
h &yf&yfuek pf nfaps;EIe;f rsm; w&dy&f yd w
f ufaeNyDjzpf
onf/
vwfwavm xifomjrifom&Sdaom taMumif;jycsufrSm
vQyfppf"mwftm;cEIef;xm;rsm; wkd;jrifhaumufcHrI pwifawmhrnfh
tajctaejzpfonf/ xku
d o
hJ v
Ykd Qypf pf"mwftm;crsm; wufvmjcif;ESihf
qkdifcef;iSm;&rf;crsm;wufvmjcif;aMumifh iSm;&rf;a&mif;csaom
vkyif ef;ok;H ypn;f qkid rf sm;\ a&mif;uket
f rsKd;rsKd;tay:wGif aps;EIe;f
wifjcif;jzifh taxGaxGaps;EIef;jrifhwufrI BuKHae&NyDjzpfonf/
rDwmcwufjcif;onf ukefxkwfvkyfrItrsm;qkH;&Sdonfh &efukef
vlaerIpepfukd vmxdcdkufHkrubJ NrKdUe,ft&yf&yfokdYyg kdufcwf
vmEkdifpGrf;&Sdaeygonf/ rDwmcwufjcif;ESifh iSm;&rf;crsm;wufjcif;
ukd cHEifdk &f nf&&dS ef pD;yGm;a&;ul&iS cf x
H m;rIr&Sjd cif;aMumifh taxGaxG
vlaerIpepfukd tusyftwnf;jzpfap&ef wGef;tm;ay;ouJhokdY
jzpfay:vmEkdifp&m&Sdygonf/
(2) vGecf ahJ om ajcmufvwmumvuwnf;ujzpfymG ;cJah om
xkdif;EkdifiHa&;tusyftwnf;aMumifh xkdif;0efBuD;csKyf ,if;vyf
z,f&mS ;cH&NyD; arv 18 aeYu xkid ;f ppfwyfu tmPmodr;f vku
d jf cif;
aMumifh wpfpw
d w
f pfyidk ;f oufa&mufrI jzpfvmonf/ xkid ;f ppfwyfrsm;
d Nf yD;aemuf vwfwavmod&onfo
h wif;rsm;t&
tmPm odr;f vku
uk&mewd r&Sdr[kwf
rdrdwkdYbPfrsm;\ vkyfief;vnfywfrIykHoPmefrSm &if;ESD;
jrKyfErHS b
I Pfuenf;NyD; ukeo
f ,
G af &;bPfrsm;om vnfywfaeaom
d o
dk nfrmS
bPfpepfjzpfygonf/ bPfpum;t& M1 jzpfygonf/ qkv
aiGpo
k rl sm;? aiGvJ olrsm;? aiGrnf;aiGjzL jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;twGuf
aumfr&Sifpm; ponfhtajctaersm;ukd qkdvkdygonf/
vwfwavmtjzpftysufrsm;rSm zGJrD;uJhodkYavmifNyD;vQif
aooGm;&rnfjzpfaomfvnf; wpfaiGUaiGU/ okdYaomf a&&Snfjzpfwnf
vmaom azmif;yGrt
I &Sed Ef eI ;f \ du
k cf wfcsufrmS pD;yGm;a&;qufwm
rsm;? tjcm;qufwmrsm;ukd oGm;xdaernfjzpfygonf/ xkdrSpwif
vmaom vlraI &;0efxyk 0f efy;dk rsrsm;u
m;u Edik if aH &;qkid &f m jjyKjyif
yKjyif ajajymif
ymif;vJ
a&;wGif vma&mufoufa&mufygu tusyftwnf;rSm tqkd;
oHo&mom &SnfzG,fom&Sdonf/ wGif ]]EkdifiHa&;orm;awG
uawmh 436 eJY eyef;vk;H aew,f .../ tawmfudk ysif;p&maumif;w,f
[motuGufyJ}} [k zkef;qufajymonfh jynfolwpfOD;\pum;jzihf
om ed*kH;csKyfvkdufygonf/
oef;pkd;(abm*aA')
29
VOICE
The
tvkyfvkyfzdkY tmkHpdkufxm;ygw,f/
usefwmawGukd BuKdwifq;Hk jzwfvaYkd wmh
EdkifiHa&;rSm rjzpfbl;/
Voice
: NLD eJ Y 88rsd K ;quf
ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawG yl;aygif;
NyD; tajccHOya' yk'f 436 jyifqifzdkY
us,fus,fjyefYjyefY aqmifGufaecsdefeJY
ygwDeJY aG;aumufyGJaumfr&SiftMum;
tjyeftvSeaf Munmcsuaf wG xGuv
f m
wJh tcsdefrSm PR u wpfausmhjyefvm
wmawGU&awmh wpfpkHwpf&mywfouf
qufEG,frI&Sdw,fvdkYrsm; ajymEdkifyg
ovm;/
UWM : vlwik d ;f rSmawmh vGwv
f yf
pGmxifjrif,q
l ydik cf iG hf a0zefciG ahf wmh&dS
wmaygah emf/ 2010 rSm 2012 rSm PR pepf
udk bmaMumifhrusifhokH;cJhvJ ar;csif
w,f/ 2012 rSm NLD u 44 ae&m&Sd
wJhtxJ 43 ae&m tjywftowfEdkif
k yk fvmw,f/ qufpyf&if
awmhrS 'gudv
awmh'gyJ/ NLD u 'Drdkua&pDEdkifiH
wnfaqmufcsifw,f/ tiftm;&SdNyD;
Edik &f if 'Dvrf;aMumif;avQmufv&Ykd w,f/
tJv
h rkd [kw&f if tiftm;awGjyefu
Y sJomG ;
&if 'Drdkua&pDudk awmfawmfeJYra&muf
bl;/
Voice
: wpfzufrSm ajymMuwm
u FPTP pepfaMumifh aG;aumufwif
ajrmufvdkufwJh wpfygwDtmPm&Sif
pepf jzpfoGm;vdrfhr,fqdkwmawG&Sd
w,f/ jzpfEdkifvm;/
aemfudkudk
&JEdkifOD;
30
The
VOICE
t&if;&Sifwkdh jyeft0if
ppfNidrf;ol
ybPfrsm; jrefrmEdkifiHodkY ESpfaygif;ig;q,fausmftMumwGif jyefvnf
ajccsMuawmhrnf/
vGefcJhonhf ESpfaygif;ig;q,f
ausmf 1962 ckESpfwGif OD;ae0if;tpdk;&
Edik if aH wmftmPm&,lNyD; rMumrDrmS yif
jynfwGif;&Sd yk*vdubPfrsm;tm;vkH;
EdkifiHydkiftodrf;cH&jcif;ESihftwl jynfy
bPf 14 ckvnf; ed|dwHcJhonf/
,if;bPf 14 ckwiG f OverseasChinese Banking Corporation
(OCBC) ? NAdwdeftajcpdkuf HSBC
ESihf Standard Chartered Bank wdkY
0efaqmifrIaumif;aumif; vdk
csifMuolrsm;uawmh BuKdqdkMuonf/
]]rapmygbl;/ aemufawmifus
aeNyD/ jynfwGif;bPfawGudk,fwdkif
vnf; aiGracs;Edkif? acs;EdkifwJholawG
0if v mrS m ud k rvd k c sif b l ; qd k w mrsKd ;
rjzpfoihyf gbl;}} [k jrefrmEdik if q
H efpyg;
toif ; csKyf wG J z uf t wG i f ; a&;rS L ;
a'gufwmpdk;xGef;u rSwfcsufjyKonf/
odkY&mwGif jynfybPfrsm;pwif
vkyu
f ikd frnht
f csdew
f iG f jynfwiG ;f pD;yGm;
a&;vkyfief;rsm;xuf jynfyrS vm
a&mufrnhf EdkifiHjcm;&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrIvkyf
ief;BuD;rsm;udo
k m t"duacs;aiG xkwf
acs;rnfjzpfNyD; jynfwiG ;f vkyif ef;rsm;udk
wdkufdkufaiGacs;cGihf rjyKao;aMumif;
jrefrmEdkifiHawmfA[dkbPfrS tBuD;
wef;t&m&SdwpfOD;u ajymMum;onf/
jynfybPfrsm;udk vdkifpifcGihfjyK
&mwG i f Ed k i f i Hj cm;uk r P Dr sm;ud k o m
wdkufdkufaiGacs;cGihfjyKjcif;? jynfwGif;
ukrPDrsm;udk jynfwGif;bPfrsm;rS
wpfqihfom aiGacs;cGihfjyKjcif;? bPf
vkyfief;vkyfudkif&mwGif EdkifiHjcm;aiG
ESihfomru jrefrmusyfaiGESihfyg cGihfjyK
jcif;wdkY yg0ifaeonf/
jynfybPfrsm;u Edik if jH cm;ukrP
D
rsm;udkom aiGacs;cGihfjyKrnf[kqdkxm;
jD zpf? rjzpf
onht
f wGuf Edik if jH cm;ukrP
udk rnfonhaf ywHEiS fh wdik ;f wmrnfenf;
qdkonfrSm ar;cGef;xkwfp&mjzpfonf/
jrefrmEdik if o
H m;wpfa,muftae
ESihf wjcm;EdkifiHrsm;wGif ukrPDrSwfykH
w
D pfct
k ae
wifxm;NyD; Edik if jH cm;ukrP
Akd [dk
ESifh aiGacs;rnfqykd gu ,if;udpu
bPfu rnfodkYudkifwG,frnfudkrod&
ao;ay/
]]Oyrm-pifumylrSm jrefrmEdkifiH
om;wpfa,mufu ukrPDrSwfykHwif
xm;r,fAsm/ NyD;awmh 'DjyefvmNyD; Edik if H
jcm;ukrPDtaeeJY aiGacs;r,fqdk&if
racs;vdrYk &bl;av}}[k tm&Sprd ;f vef;rI
zGHU NzKd;a&;bPf tkyfcsKyfrI'gdkufwm
a[mif; OD;&Jrif;OD;uqdkonf/
,if;tjyif jynfybPfrsm;udk
aiGaMu;ESpf&yfpvkH;jzihf vkyfudkifcGihfjyK
jcif;onf jynfwGif;bPfrsm;tay:
xdcdkufrI&SdEdkifaMumif; if;uqdkonf/
wpfzufwiG rf l jynfybPfrsm;udk
0ifa&mufcGihfjyKjcif;onf EdkifiHtwGuf
vd k t yf a eaom Ed k i f i H j cm;wd k u f d k u f
&if;ESD;jrKyfESHrI (FDI) udkqGJaqmifEdkif
H ed ;f
onht
f jyif jynfwiG ;f pD;yGm;a&;pDru
tBuD;pm;rsm;twGuf aiGaMu;&if;jrpf
vnf;jzpfaeayonf/
jynfwGif;bPfrsm; rjznhfqnf;
k yfcsuf
Edik o
f nhf aiGaMu;t&if;tES;D vdt
ud k jznhfay;Edkifrnfqdkygu wdkif;jynf
pD ; yG m ;a&; zG H U NzKd ; wd k ; wuf r I u d k
"mwfyHkjrifhrkd;ndK
taxmuftuljyKEdkifrnfjzpfonf/
wHcg;zGihfpD;yGm;a&;vkyfudkifcsdef
wGif rnfonht
f &mudrk Q ydwyf ifxm;&ef
rjzpfEikd af omaMumihf ,SONf yKdirf jI yif;xef
onhMf um;rS tvkyt
f udik t
f cGit
fh vrf;?
vkyfief;tawGUtBuHKESihf enf;ynmwdkY
udk &Sm,l&ayrnf/
]],SOfNyKdifrIudktm;ay;&r,f/
pepfwuseJY cdkifcdkifrmrmzGJUpnf;xm;wJh
bPfqdk&ifawmh tqifajyrSmyg/ tck
csdefrSm jynfybPfawGudkcGihfjyKwm
apmvnf; rapmovdk aemufvnf;
aemufrusygbl;/ FDI awG acsmif
acsmifvnfvnf 0ifvmEdkifNyDvdkY jrif
w,f}} [k ukefonf/pufrItoif;csKyf
'kw,
d Ou|a'guf wmarmifarmifav;
u ajymMum;onf/
jynfybPfrsm;vkyfudkifcGihf&NyD;
ESpftenf;i,ftMumwGif uefYowf
csufrsm; wjznf;jznf; avQmhcsoGm;rnf
jzpfNyD; jynfwGif;pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;
udkyg wdkufdkufaiGacs;cGihfay;tyfoGm;
k PftBuD;wef;
Edik zf ,
G &f adS Mumif; A[db
t&m&SdwpfOD;u qdkonf/
jynfybPfrsm; vkyfief;pwif
csdew
f iG f jynfwiG ;f pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;
twG u f tusKd ; ouf a &muf r I e nf ;
Edik af omfvnf; A[db
k Pf\ ajymjycsuf
t& aemifESpftenf;i,ftMumwGifrl
jynfwiG ;f tao;pm;? tvwfpm;vkyif ef;
rsm;aiGacs;cGi&fh Edik yf gu jynfwiG ;f bPf
rsm; rjznhq
f nf;ay;Edik af om aiGt&if;
tES;D vdt
k yfcsuu
f kd jznhEf ikd rf nfjzpfonf/
jynfybPfrsm;udk ,if;odkY vkyf
udkifcGihfjyKjcif;\ vufiif;tusKd;ouf
a&mufrIrSm EdkifiHjcm;wdkufdkuf&if;ESD;
jrKyfESHrI 0ifa&mufrIjrefqefvmjcif;ESihf
acwf a emuf u susef c J h a om jref r mh
bPfvyk if ef;zGUH NzKd;wd;k wufvmEdik jf cif;
wdkYjzpfonf/
qdk;usKd;taeESihfrl jynfybPf
rsm;udk Edik if jH cm;aiGaMu;ESifh jrefrmusyf
aiGESpfrsKd;pvkH;ESihf cGihfjyKvdkufonhf
twGuf ,if;wdkYESihf csdwfqufaeaom
jynf w G i f ; &S d Ed k i f i H j cm;uk r P D r sm;\
jrefrmusyfaiGESihfoufqdkifaom 0ef
aqmifrIrsm;udk jynfybPfrsm;&&SdEdkif
kd rf &I dS
NyD; jynfwiG ;f bPfrsm;tay: xdcu
Edkifjcif;jzpfonf/
,if;tjyif jrefrmusyfaiGESihf
vkyfudkifcGihfjyKonhftwGuf jynfwGif;
bPfESihf zufpyfvkyfudkif&ef rvdktyf
awmhbJ oD;oefY&yfwnfEdkifNyD; jynfy
bPfwdkY\ tawGUtBuHKESihf enf;ynm
wdu
Yk v
kd JaT jymif;&,l&ef cufcEJ ikd fjcif;wdYk
jzpfonf/
]]'DvdkaiGaMu;ESpfrsKd;vkH;eJY cGihfjyK
vdu
k w
f m/ jynfwiG ;f bPfawGut
kd &rf;
xdcdkufw,f/ wpfcsdefcsdefrSm wdkif;&if;
om;ydkif bPfvkyfief;qdkwm aysmuf
uG,foGm;Edkifw,f}}[k OD;&Jrif;OD;u
qdkonf/
bPfvkyfief;vdkifpif cGihfrjyKrD
tcsdew
f iG f jyefvnfo;Hk oyf ajymif;vJ
oihfonhftcsufrsm;udk jyifqif&efvdk
aMumif; if;u axmufjyonf/
,cifu jynfybPfudk bPf
vkyif ef;vkyu
f ikd cf iG fjh yK&mwGif jynfwiG ;f
bPfwpfcEk iS fh yl;aygif;vkyu
f ikd af pjcif;?
jynfwiG ;f bPfEiS fh jynfybPfaygi;f um
bPftopfwpfckxlaxmifapjcif;wdkY
cGihfjyKzG,f&SdaMumif; ajymqdkxm;aomf
vnf; ,cktcsdew
f iG rf l jynfybPfrsm;
udk bPfcGJzGihfcGihfjyKrnfjzpfaMumif;
A[d k b Pf t BuD ; wef ; wm0ef & S d o l u
qdkonf/
]]jref j ref q ef q ef taumif
txnfazmfEdkifzdkYvdkw,f/ 'gaMumihf
tjrefqkH;vkyfvdkY&wJh Branch udkcGihfjyK
zdkY vkyfvdkufwmyg}}[k if;u qdkonf/
A[dkbPftaeESihf pD;yGm;a&;udk
k yfovdk ab;xGuf
Ed;I qGvaYHI qmf&ef vdt
G cf suf
qd;k usKd;rsm;udv
k nf; BuKdwifwu
xm;&efvdkNyD; jynfybPfrsm;udk xdef;
ausmif;BuD;MuyfEikd pf rG ;f &S&d efvakd Mumif;
pD ; yG m ;a&;rl 0 g'ynm&S i f a'guf w m
atmifudkudku ajymMum;onf/
jynfybPfrsm;0ifvmcsdefwGif
aemufxyfBuHKawGU&rnhf pdefac:rIrSm
f yk o
f m;
jynfwiG ;f bPfrsm;&Sd uRr;f usiv
ESihf vlYpGrf;tm;&if;jrpfwdkYqkH;IH;Edkifjcif;
jzpfonf/
]]EdkifiHjcm;qufoG,fa&;ukrPD
awG0ifvmwkef;u uRefawmfwdkY IT
Xmeu 0efxrf;awG ajymif;oGm;Mu
w,f/ 'gudkroGm;eJYvdkY ajymvdkYr&bl;/
roGm;atmif bmvkyv
f &Ykd rvJqw
kd mudk
uRefawmfwYkd BuKdwifjyifqifzv
Ykd w
kd ,f}}
[k {&m0wDbPftkyfcsKyfrI 'gdkufwm
OD;NzKd;atmifu qdkonf/
vlYpGrf;tm;t&if;tjrpfESihfywf
oufaom r[mAsL[m? pDrHudef;rsm;
udk jyefvnfokH;oyf&efvdktyfNyD; vkyf
ief;cGiaf ysm&f iT rf EI iS fh tem*wfb0tmrcH
csuf&SdEdkif&ef aqmif&GufzdkYvdkaMumif;
if;u qdkonf/
vuf&SdtcsdefwGif jynfybPf
f ikd f
rsm;udk rnfonhyf pHk EH iS fh vkyif ef;vkyu
cGijfh yKrnf? rnfonhf Oya'? enf;Oya'?
vkyfx;kH vkyfenf;rsm;ESihf xde;f ausmif;
BuD;Muyfrnfudk jynfwGif;bPfrsm;u
odvdkMuonf/
A[d k b Pf \ uef Y o wf c suf ?
owfrSwfcsufpnf;urf;rsm; rnfodkY&Sd
onfukd jynfybPfrsm;om od&MdS uNyD;
,if;wdu
Yk vnf; EIwq
f w
d af eMuonf/
]]uRefawmfwq
Ykd u
D kd A[db
k Pfu
pmydu
Yk wnf;u Confidential vdyYk gwJh
twGuf 'DudpeJYywfoufvdkYuawmh
bmrS ajymp&mr&Sdygbl;}}[k jynfy
bPf w pf c k r S wm0ef & S d o l w pf O D ; u
qdkonf/
jynfybPfrsm;udk &S&d if;pGJ 1994
ckESpf aiGa&;aMu;a&;tzGJUtpnf;rsm;
Oya'ESihfcGihfjyKrnfjzpfNyD; ,if;Oya'
ESihf t"duBuD;MuyfuGyfuJoGm;rnfjzpf
um ydkrdkaumif;rGefonhfOya'jzpfvm
&ef jyifqifa&;qGrJ rI mS vnf; tNyD;owf
aeNyDjzpfaMumif; jrefrmEdik if Hawmf A[dk
dS w
l pfO;D u
bPfrS tBuD;wef;wm0ef&o
ajymMum;onf/
aocsmonfrSm jynfybPfrsm;
udk vkyfief;vdkifpifxkwf ay;&mwGif
jynfwGif;bPfrsm;xdcdkufrIr&Sdap&ef
tueft
Y owfrsm;ESio
fh m cGijfh yKrnfjzpf
aMumif; A[db
k Pfu tmrcHxm;onf/
]]b,ftqihfxdcGihfjyKrSmvJqdk
wm apmihfMunhf&r,f/ 'DrSmuawmh
acs;aiG v d k w ,f / bPf v k y f i ef ; 0ef
aqmifrIawG vdkw,f/ jynfwGif; vkyf
ief;awGtwGuf csufcsif;r[kwfao;
&ifawmif FDI uawmh aocsmayguf
0ifr,f}}[k a'guw
f mpd;k xGe;f uqdo
k nf/
t&S i f ; &S i f b Pf B uD ; rsm;awmh
jyef0ifawmhrnf/
ppfNidrf;ol
31
VOICE
The
tar&duef ( ) Vs Edkif*sD;&D;,m; ( )
aemufqHk;awGUqHkrI
tar&duef 3 - 1 Edkif*sD;&D;,m; (1995)
NydKifyGJt&yf&yfaemufqHk;ig;yGJ&v'f
tar&duef
Edkif IH; oa& Edkif Edkif
Edkif*sD;&D;,m;
Edkif IH; Edkif oa& oa&
urmhzvm;NydKifyGJ0if ESpfoif;awGUqHkrI[m pdwf0ifpm;zG,f
aumif;ygw,f/ tar&duef[m enf;jyuvif;qref;vufxuf
yHpk aH umif;awG&&Sad eovdk awmiftmz&ducsefy,
D H Edik *f sD;&D;,m;rSm
armhquf? trD,dkbDeJY tdk 'rf0ifbDwdkYvdk upm;orm;aumif;
awG & S d a eygw,f / ES p f o if ; pvH k ; yg0if w J h tk y f p k w d k i f ; rS m vnf ;
upm;yHrk wlwt
hJ oif;awG yg&Sad ewmaMumifh 'Dyu
JG kd tawGt
U BuHKt&
om upm;oG m ;zd k Y & S d N yD ; oa&&v'f [ m ES p f o if ; pvH k ; twG u f
oifhawmfygvdrhfr,f/
*gem ( ) Vs awmifudk&D;,m; ( )
aemufqHk;awGUqHkrIoHk;yGJ
udk&D;,m; 2 - 1 *gem (2011)
udk&D;,m; 1 - 3 *gem (2006)
*gem 3 - 1 udk&D;,m; (2006)
tufp,
D v
H kd upm;orm;rsKd;awG&adS ewJh *gem[mtoif;BuD;
wpfoif;jzpfwmaMumifh urmhzvm;NydKifyGJ0if awmifudk&D;,m;
toif;twGuf kef;uef&zG,f&Sdygw,f/ *gem&JU vlpm&if;[m
awmifudk&D;,m;xufawmhomNyD; tkyfpkwGif;rSm tm&Stoif;
wpf o if ; ygvmwmaMumif h *gem[m 'D y G J u d k Nyd K if y G J w pf y G J v d k
upm;rS m yg/ 'gaMumif h ES p f o if ; pvH k ; tusKd ; &S d E d k i f w J h t wG u f
tcGifhta&;ay;MurSmr[kwfvdkY {nfhonfoa&&&if auseyf&rSmyg/
(YUSC)
(Axl;uGif;)
(atmifqef;uGif;)
(ok0PuGif;)
EdkifiHwumajcprf;yGJ
tufpw
f ;kd eD;,m; - um*spu
f pwef
(we*FaEGeHeuf)
[efa*&D - umZufpwef
(we*FaEGeHeuf)
b,fvf*sD,H - wleD;&Sm;
tm*sifwD;em; - qvdkaA;eD;,m; (we*FaEGeHeuf)
(we*FaEGeHeuf)
tJvfqmaA'dk; - pydef
(we*FaEGeHeuf)
t*Fvef - [Gef'l;&yfpf
(we*FaEGeHeuf)
x&DeD'uf - tD&ef
(we*FaEGeHeuf)
tar&duef - Edkif*sD;&D;,m;
8-6-2014 (we*FaEGaeY)
jrefrmae&Sife,fvd*f yGJpOf - 11
ZGJuyif - raemajr
(atmifqef;uGif;)
csif;,lEdkufwuf - uarmZ
(ok0PuGif;)
EdkifiHwumajcprf;yGJ
qefrm&DEdk - tJvfab;eD;,m; (wevFmeHeuf)
jyifopf - *sarum
(wevFmeHeuf)
*gem - awmifudk&D;,m;
(wevFmeHeuf)
9-6-2014 (wevFmaeY)
EdkifiHwumajcprf;yGJ
tdkif,mvef - ay:wl*D
(t*FgeHeuf)
urmhzvm;NydKifyGJtwGuf tm;upm;uGif;oHk;uGif;rNyD;pD;rItay:
pdk;&drfrd[k AJvfuD;qdk
qmay:vdk? ZGef 5
FIFA
32
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
The
VOICE
AD,uferfa&wyfom;rsm;
Ed k i f & ef zd v pf y d k i f E d k i f i H u arQmf v ih f
xm;onf/
awmifwkwf yifv,fwGif;&Sd
aecsed w
f iG f zdvpfyikd -f AD,uferf cspMf unf
a&;tm;upm;yGJ ay:xGufvmjcif;jzpf
onf/
ok;H ay;ygvw
Y k d ifwm/ tcsed rf avmufawmh
'geyYJ wfoufwmudk twdtusaoao
csmcsmrajymvdu
k Ef ikd b
f ;l / vTwaf wmfrmS
aqG;aEG;wJhaeYa&muf&if wdkif;&if;om;
awGvnf; ygrSmqdkawmh bmaMumifh
uefu
Y u
G w
f ,fqw
kd m aocsmod&rSmyJ/
Voice
: tefwDudk,fwdkif 2010
aG;aumufyrJG mS NydKifpOfu Edik o
f t
l ukef
,l (FPTP) pepfeYJ tEdik &f Ny;D vTwaf wmf
xJ a&mufvmwm/ tckbmaMumihf tJ'h D
pepfudk rBuKdufwmvJ/ tJ'Dhpepfu
jrefrmhEdkifiHa&;tay: qdk;usdK;awG&Sdae
w,fvdkY ,lqvdkYvm;/
DKWK : jref r mEd k i f i H o rd k i f ; wpf
avQmuf aG;aumufyaJG wGrmS FPTP udk
usio
hf ;Hk awmh t"dutm;enf;csuf bmvJ
qdw
k m ude;f *Pef;eJY &Si;f jyr,f/ 1956
ckEpS f aG;aumufyrJG mS zqyvu rJ 18
ode;f ausmfw,f/ trwf 148 OD;&w,f/
yrnwu rJ 11 ode;f ausmw
f ,f 48 OD;
J ef&Y iS ;f acwfrmS
yJ&w,f/ wpfcg wnfNro
oef&Y iS ;f u rJ 31 ode;f ausmw
f ,f trwf
158 OD;&w,f/ wnfNrJu rJ 16 odef;
ausmfw,f 41 OD;&w,f/ 1990 rSm
ydkqdk;w,f/ NLD u 79 odef;ausmf
Voice
pm 17 a':cif0dkif;MunfESifhawGUqkHjcif;rStquf
oifw
h ifw
h phJ epf[w
k o
f vm; r[kwb
f ;l
l kd
vm; qdkwmyJqH;k jzwf&r,f/ jynfou
A[djk yKNy;D tav;teufxm;w,fq&kd if
PR udk vufoifhcH&r,f/
Voice
: trsdK;om;vTwaf wmfrmS
tqdw
k ifpOfu wdik ;f &if;om;vTwaf wmf
ud,
k pf m;vS,t
f csdKU uefu
Y u
G rf J ay;wm
awGUw,f/ olwdkY&JU oabmxm;ua&m
b,fvdkrsm;jzpfEdkifygovJ/
DKWK : olwu
Ykd efu
Y u
G w
f mawmh
wcsd K U jynf e ,f a wG r S m PR pepf u d k
usifo
h ;Hk zd&Yk m awmfawmfav;cufcrJ ,fh
ae&mawG&Sdw,f/ Oyrm- &cdkifvdkae&m
rsdK;/ a'o&JUtajctaeudkawmh tJh'D
a'orSm&Sad ewJo
h al wG ydo
k w
d ,f/ 'Dpepf
eJY jzpfovm; rjzpfbl;vm; olwdkYydkod
w,f/ o[Zmwrjzpfao;wJh ae&mawG
rS m Ed k i f o l t uk e f , l p epf e J Y y J v k y f N yD ;
usefwJh tqifajywJhae&mawGrSm PR
udk pwifusifo
h ;Hk / 'g Mixed Member
Proportional aygh/ 'gEdkifiHawmf awmf
rsm;rsm;rSm aemufq;Hk usio
hf ;Hk wm/ olu
{&d , mcG J N yD ; awmh o[Zmwjzpf w J h
aG;aumufwifajrmufjcif;pepfudk
ok;H wm/ ckjrefrmEdik if rH mS vnf; tJ'h pD epfuk d
: PR udpu
kd 2013 xJrmS
33
VOICE
The
0ufpfyGdKifUppfwuodkvfxJrS a0gvfrwfEkdifiHjcm;a&;0g'
aeOD;a0
a[monfurmopfBuD;eJY vdu
k zf ufnaD tmif wkejYf yef&r,ft
h vkyu
f
cifAsm;wdkYrsKd;qufawG&JU wm0efyJ/ vuf&SduRefawmfwdkY &ifqkdifae&wJh
jyem[m urmBuD;udk tar&duefuOD;aqmifrvm;? OD;raqmif&
bl;vm; qdkwJhjyemr[kwfbl;/ urmBuD;udk tar&duefu b,fvdk
OD;aqmifrvJqdkwJh jyemjzpfygw,f/ NyD;awmh Nidrf;csrf;a&;eJYom,m
0ajyma&;qdkwm tar&duefwpfOD;wnf; jyemr[kwfbl;/ urm
wpfckvHk; ae&mtESHYtjym;&JU jyemBuD;jzpfygw,f/
(tar&dueforwbm;&ufcftdkbm;rm;\
0ufpfyGdKifhtar&duefppfwuodkvfausmif;qif;yGJ rdefYcGef;rS)
0uf p f y G d K if h p pf w u o d k v f o nf
oufwrf;t&SnfqHk; tar&duefppf
wuodkvfBuD;jzpfNyD; a*smh0g&Sifwef\
wkdufwGef;rIjzihf 1802 ckESpf Zlvkdifv 4
&ufaeYwGif pwifay:xGufvmonf/
xdkppfwuodkvfrS tar&dueforkdif;
wGif xif&Sm;aom ppfacgif;aqmifBuD;
trsm;tjym;udk arG;xkwfEkdifcJhNyD; ,if;
wk d Y t euf tar&d u ef j ynf w G i f ; ppf
twGif; ausmfMum;cJhMuaom AkdvfcsKyf
,lvfqD;*&efY? AdkvfcsKyf0DvsH&Sm;rif;wdkY
rS p 'kw,
d urmppfumv Adv
k cf sKyBf u;D
rsm;jzpfaom tkdifpifa[mif0g? a'guf
*vyfpf ruftmom? tdkrmb&uf'vD
ppfNyD;umvaemufydkif; Mu,fav;yGifh
AdkvfcsKyBf u;D tvufZEm;[dwEf iS hf tmz
*efppfyJG ppfO;D pD;csKyf pwefvcD dik pf w,f
polrsm; yg0ifavonf/ xdkuJhodkYaom
txif u & ppf w u o d k v f B uD ; wG i f
orwvnf;jzpf? ppfaoemywdcsKyv
f nf;
jzpfaom tkdbm;rm;\ajymMum;csuf
onf tar&duefEidk if \
H tem*wf ppfa&;?
tem*wfEkdifiHa&;rsm;ESifh ywfoufae
rnfudk txl;ajymzdkYrvdkawmhay/
orwtdb
k m;rm;\ rdecYf eG ;f tay:
wkefYjyefrItrsKd;rsKd;vnf; xGufay: vm
avonf/ tcsKdu
U tkb
d m;rm;\ a&&Snf
AFP
ajymMu w,f/
wpf z uf r S m awmh Intervent
-ionist qd k w J h yg0if p G u f z uf a &;ud k
awmif;qdw
k hJ yk*Kd vfawG&MdS uw,f/ tJ'D
tkyfpkxJrS m vuf0J a&m vuf,myg
ygw,f/ 'Dtjrift& 0ke;f oke;f um;jzpfNyD;
Iy,
f u
S cf wfaewJh tE&m,fukd umuG,f
zkdYqkd&if aemufqHk;enf;vrf;[m wpfck
yJ&Sdw,f/ tar&dueftaeeJY urmtESHY
tiftm;oHk;NyD; yg0ifpGufzuf&r,fvdkY
olwkdY,lqw,f/
tJ't
D jrifEpS cf pk vH;k rSm oufqidk f
&m orkid ;f taxmuftxm;awG ud,
k pf D
&Syd gw,f/ 'gayrJh rsufarSmufuRefawmf
wkYd &ifqidk af e&wJh jyemawGtwGuf
tajzawG u d k 'D t jrif E S p f c k p vH k ; u
tjynhft0ray;Ekdifbl;vdkY uRefawmf
AFP
xifw,f/
uRefawmfuikd pf w
JG hJ ta&;BuD;qH;k
rluawmh tar&duefEkdifiH[m urmh
ZmwfcHkBuD;rSm tNrJwapOD;aqmifae&
r,f/ 'Dwm0efudk tar&duefuvGJ&if
wjcm;b,fEidk if rH S rxrf;aqmifEidk b
f ;l /
tJ'OD ;D aqmifr&I aUJ usmd;k ae&mrSm
b,fol&SdovJqdkawmh tck cifAsm;wdkY
a&mufaewJh ppftiftm;awG&v
dS rd rhf ,f/
odkYaomf tar&duefppfa&;aqmif&Guf
csuf[m tar&duefacgif;aqmifraI y;
aewJhae&mwdkif;rSm yg0ifw,fqdkNyD;
t"dym ,fraygufrzd v
Ykd w
kd ,f/ oHu
kd w
f hJ
wl taumif;pm; vufxJrSm&SdaewJh
twGuf jyemwdkif; ae&mwdkif;udk
dkuf&r,fhoHawGvdkY rjrifoifhygbl;/
uReaf wmf orwjzpfvmuwnf;
u wpfpdkufrwfrwfusifhoHk;cJhwJh rl
wpfcu
k awmh tar&duef[m ppftiftm;
udkoHk;w,f? oHk;vnf; oHk;r,f/ vdktyf
&if ud k , f h b mom wpf E d k i f i H w nf ;
qHk;jzwfNyD ; oH k ; r,f / b,f t csd e f r S m
'Dtiftm;udk oHk;rvJ/ tar&duef&JU
t&if;cHtusK;d pD;yGm;udk umuG,zf v
Ykd ckd sde?f
tar&duefvlrsKd;awG tNcdrf;ajcmuf
cH&csdefeJY tar&duef&JUr[mrdwfawG
ab;tE &m,fusa&mufaecsdefawGrSm
oHk;r,f/ 'DtajctaersK;d BuKH awGaU e&if
ppftiftm; oHk;vdkufjcif;aMumifh xd
a&mufrI &Sd r&Sd? tcsKd;tpm; rQrrQqdkwJh
ar;cGef;awG udk,fhbmomjyefar;wm
&Sd&if &Sdr,f/ 'gayrJh tar&duef[m
b,f o l Y q D u rS ud k , f h v l r sKd ; ud k , f
umuG,fyg&ap? udk,fhtrdajr udk,f
34
The
VOICE
rupm;wwfoljzpfonf/ rsufarSmuf
urmonf ppfyBGJ u;D rsm;? xdyw
f u
kd &f ifqikd f
rIBuD;rsm; odyrf &Sv
d b
S J Middle Game
rsm;omay:avh&Sdojzifh ,if;udk rajz
&Sif;Edkifjcif;rSm tBuD;qHk;aysmhuGuf
jzpfonf[q
k ykd gonf/ tdb
k m;rm;onf
Walmart enf;twdkif; ukefusp&dwf
enf;a&;udk OD;pm;ay; Minimalist
(tenf;qHk; tvG,fqHk;vrf;vdkufol)
vkyfcJhaMumif;? cdkif;rD;,m;jyem
wGif ylwif\ cdkeDwpfpkudk Sanctions
'Pfcwfjcif;? tifwmeufowif;tcsuf
tvufcdk;ol wkwfppfAdkvftcsKdUudk
w&m;H;k odYk vmrnfr[kwrf eS ;f odvsuf
ESifh w&m;pJGjcif;? qD;&D;,m;tmPm&Sif
tmqwf\ &ufpufru
I kd rpdrYk yd[
Yk efw
Y m;
jcif;wdo
Yk mjyKcJah Mumif; a0zefaxmufjy
cJhavonf/ xdkrdefYcGef;wGif no good
choice qdo
k nfh qDonfrvufow
k zf wf
pum;vHk;udk tBudrfaygif;rsm;pGmoHk;
xm;NyD; vufawGUtvkyfvrf;nTef[l
a&a&&m&mrygaMumif;udv
k nf; azmfjy
cJhonf/
ae&mwGif Edik if w
H umvHNk cKH a&;
ESiyhf ufowf Edik if aH &;csOf;uyfyt
kH rsKd;
rsKd;&SdaMumif; txl;razmfjyawmhyg/
nf Ekid if aH &;wGif xdyw
f ef;
vHNk cKH a&;udpo
rS yg0ifaeavonf/ jynfwiG ;f Edik if aH &;
wGif vHkNcHKa&;udk oufqdkif&mydkifeuf
twGif;&Sd tcsKyftjcmtmPmydkifEdkifiH
awmfwpf&yfu ajz&Sif;Edkifaomfvnf;
EdkifiHwumvHkNcHKa&;wGifrl rwlonfh
tkyfpkrsm; rwlonfhtusKd;pD;yGm;rsm;
tMum; xdef;csKyfay;rnfhol uif;rJh
vsuf&Sdonf/ xdktajctaewGif EdkifiH
toD;oD;onf rdrv
d NkH cKH a&;udk rdrw
d m0ef
,lvm&NyD; xdyw
f u
kd yf #dyursm;? rif;rJh
txde;f tuGyrf rhJ rI sm; ay:vmavh&o
dS nf/
Realism csOf;uyfyHkt& EdkifiH
AFP
jyefvnfazmfxkwfrnf? tar&duef
Oa&my\ tw v E d w f jzwf a usmf
r[mrdwf rnfodkYjyefzJGUrnf? ypdzdwf
a'oBuD;twGif; tar&duefrS rnf
onfhtcef;rSyg0ifrnf/ qdkifbmppfyJG?
enf;ynmjrifhppfyJGrsm;acwftwGuf
rnfodkY&ifqdkifrnf? urmopfBuD;ESifh
qufET,f rnfonfhtcef;u tar
&duef yg0ifrnf ponft
h csurf sm;uif;rJh
aeojzifh xdkrdefYcGef;rSm aygYjyufjyufEdkif
aeonf[k *sif0yfqifu qdkygonf/
21 &mpkped af c:csufukd *sif0yfqif
enf;wl tdkbm;rm;vnf; todrSwfjyK
xm;ygonf/ olYrdefYcGef;wGif Classical
realism jzpfonfh ae&mwum ppftif
tm;udk OD;pm;ay;jcif;udk tjynfht0
raxmufcHaMumif;ajymqdkaeonfrSm
21 &mpkped af c:csufrsm;aMumifjh zpfonf/
,if; 21 &mpkped af c:csufrsm;wGif t"du
tusqHk;rSm World Order qdkonfh
urmph epfBuD;ajymif;vJaerI? tmPm\
vu P mES i f h tmPmquf q H a &;
rsm;ajymif;vJvmaejcif;
aMumifhjzpfonf/
tar&d u ef \ OD ; aqmif r I r S m
1990 ck r sm;uvd k tjywf towf
omvGeBf u;D rm;aom hyper power ESihf
0ifdk;wpfckxJ unipolar tajctaersK;d
r[kwaf wmhacs/ tar&duefonf EdkifiH
aygif; 100 ausmfwGif ppfpcef; 700
ausmf&adS eaomfvnf; rsufarSmufppfyGJ
rsm;rSm tcsKd;rnDppfyJG asymmetrical
wars rsm;jzpf a eNyD ; t&yf o m;ES i f h
ppfom;? t&yfbufypfrw
S Ef iS hf ppfbuf
ypfrw
S frsm; ta&ma&mtaxG;axG;jzpf
aeonf/ tmPm&Sifudk 0ifjzKwfcs
aomf v nf ; vl r sKd ; a&;? bmoma&;
y#dyuGefxJ ydkYovdkjzpfvmaeonf/
tajctaewGif tar&dueftwGuf
ppfa&;t& 0ifpGufrIcsKyfwnf;a&;?
ukefusp&dwfenf;yg;a&; Wal-mart
ay:vpDxGufay:vmjcif;jzpfonf/
relations)
aeOD;a0
24
The
VOICE