CW July 2014

ISSN 2053-7174
July 2014
FASTER FORMULATION METHODS
IMPROVE YOUR MELT QUALITY
COLOUR MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
ANTIMICROBIALS BEAT THE BUGS
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www.compoundingworld.com July 2014 | COMPOUNDING WORLD 3
05 Industry news
The latest compounding industry news including international acquisitions and
alliances, plus new investments and plant openings.
11 Winning formula: Polymaterials speeds up
compound development
Peter Mapleston reports on how Polymaterials is using innovative techniques to
accelerate the optimisation of polymer blends and compounds.
21 Keep it clean: antimicrobial additives for plastics
Peter Mapleston reviews a wide range of developments in antimicrobials for
polymers, including new additives that take their inspiration from nature.
37 Measuring and communicating colour more
effectively
Jennifer Markarian examines the latest technologies and standards for
measuring, sharing and matching plastics colours.
47 Catching contaminants with the latest
screen-changers
Pat Toensmeier reports on new melt ltration systems that are designed to meet
demands for higher outputs and faster changeovers.
57 The outlook for global automotive markets
While the mature automotive markets of Europe and North America are
recovering, some emerging markets are now faltering, according to LMC.
61 New products polymers and additives
We catch up on a variety of new polymers, additives, compounds and
masterbatches that have been launched during recent months.
70 Compounder of the month: K.D. Feddersen Group
72 Dates for your diary
coming next issue
S PVC plasticizers S Functional llers S Dispersants and coupling agents
Click here to make sure you get your copy
contents
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Applied Market Information Ltd
AMI House, 6 Pritchard Street,
Bristol, BS2 8RH, United Kingdom
Tel:+44 (0)117 924 9442
Fax:+44 (0)117 311 1534
www.amiplastics.com
contact us
Head of business publishing: Andy Beevers E-mail: [email protected]
Senior editor: Chris Smith E-mail: [email protected]
Contributing editor: Jennifer Markarian E-mail: [email protected]
Designer: Nicola Crane
Advertisement manager: Claire Bishop E-mail: [email protected]
Direct tel: +44 (0)20 8686 8139
The specialists in heat and shear sensitive compounding are
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Buss AG
Hohenrainstrasse 10
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Switzerland
quantec
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13394_262_Buss_Compounding_World_2013_E_210x297.indd 2 11.09.13 14:13
news
The Danish government has
scrapped its proposed ban on
four commonly used phthalate
plasticizers (DEHP, DBP, DIBP
and BBP), which was due to
come into effect at the end of
this year, after the European
Commission ruled the move
would breach EU rules.
Denmarks Ministry of the
Environment had originally
planned to ban the use of the
four plasticizers from the end
of December 2012, citing
concerns over their ability to
act as endocrine disrupters. It
subsequently delayed the
introduction of the ban until
Denmark scraps phthalates ban
European Chemicals Agency
(ECHA) is currently assessing
whether there is a new basis
for introducing a ban on these
and that this must be com-
pleted before Denmark can
introduce national regulations.
However, she said she had
instructed the Danish EPA to
explore whether there could be
a new case for a Danish ban if
the ECHA assessment does
not result in a common EU
regulation. I havent given up
on the ban or other regulation
on phthalates, Brosbl said.
Phthalates are widely used
as PVC plasticizers.
2015, saying that the phtha-
lates were more widely used
than it had originally thought.
However, the Danish
government was warned from
the outset that its plans were
likely to breach European law.
It has now accepted that
warning and cancelled the ban,
although its position on the
chemicals does not appear to
have changed.
This is a step in the wrong
direction, said Danish
minister for the environment
Kirsten Brosbl in a statement.
As long as there is a health
risk, Ill work on phasing out
Kirsten Brosbl hasnt given
up on phthalates regulation
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Cytec Industries and Dralon
are collaborating to explore
new opportunities for the
production of large-tow
industrial-grade carbon bres.
Demand for such reinforce-
ments is projected to grow
signicantly in the coming
years.
Cytec brings carbon bre
expertise to the partnership,
while Dralon is a leader in
acrylic bre production.
Shane Fleming, chairman,
president and CEO of Cytec,
Cytec and Dralon explore low
cost carbon bre production
said that his company is
actively pursuing the develop-
ment of carbon bre compos-
ites for high-volume automo-
tive applications. Large scale
adoption will necessitate the
need for a robust supply chain
of industrial-grade, or
high-tow bres, that offer
low-cost supply and continu-
ity. We are therefore working
with Dralon to evaluate the
most appropriate solution to
address this market, including
potential joint investment.
Stefan Braun, Dralons CEO
added, We are investigating
conversion of existing Dralon
acrylic bre production lines
for the manufacture of
high-quality heavy-tow
precursor as well as invest-
ment in new carbon bre lines.
With our local footprint, we will
be able to offer superior
security of supply of high-
quality large-tow carbon bre
to the European market.
www.cytec.com
www.dralon.com
Evonik has added 5,000
tonnes of new capacity at its
Vestamid PA12 production
site at Marl in Germany.
The expansion has been
achieved by modifying
production processes at the
site. We view it as our
obligation to offer our core
markets above all, the
automotive industry the
greatest possible supply
security, said Dr Michael
Pack, the newly appointed
head of Performance
Polymers at Evonik.
Marl is the worlds
largest PA12 production
facility. A fatal explosion at
the site in 2012 halted
production for around eight
months, forcing customers
to use alternative products.
www.evonik.com
Evonik
ups PA12
capacity
these phthalates and replacing
them with better alternatives.
Brosbl said that the
Ineos is to acquire BASFs 50% share in the
Styrolution styrenics joint venture set up by the
two rms in 2011.
The company is to pay E1.1 billion for the
BASF share and the deal is expected to be
completed by the end of the year, subject to
approval by appropriate antitrust authorities.
Styrolution has fullled its promise as a
globally competitive business that competes
effectively with large-scale producers from Asia
and the Middle East, said Jim Ratcliffe,
chairman of Ineos Capital. We are pleased to
bring Styrolution fully into the Ineos family.
www.styrolution.com
Ineos to acquire BASFs share of Styrolution
COMPOUNDING WORLD | July 2014 www.compoundingworld.com 6
news
Huntsman upgrades
titanium dioxide plant
Huntsman has completed
construction of a new iron
sulphate plant at its titanium
dioxide (TiO
2
) pigment
manufacturing facility in
Scarlino, Italy. It has invested
E38 million in the project
which will be fully operational
in Q3 2014.
The new plant means that
the company can now use a
wider range of feedstocks to
produce its Tioxide and Altiris
pigments. It will also reduce
the generation of gypsum
by-products, and will convert
spent acid from TiO
2
manufac-
turing into valuable iron
sulphate products for the
water treatment, animal feed
and cement markets.
In addition to the iron
sulphate plant, a new heat and
power co-generation facility
has been built by EDF Fenice
to provide electricity to the
entire site. The operation of
the new facilities is expected to
reduce the carbon intensity of
the site by around 30%.
Scott Anderson, Huntsman
Pigments vice president for
eco products and manufactur-
ing and technology, said, The
new plant will help to trans-
form our efciency, sustain-
ability and cost effectiveness.
It will help make the whole site
more competitive and
sustainable.
Huntsman says that it has
created 15 new jobs at the
Scarlino site as a result of
these new developments.
www.huntsman.com
Ardian has signed an agree-
ment to acquire Italmatch
Chemicals. The private
investment company is
purchasing the Italian
specialty chemicals
producer from Mandarin
Capital Partners and the
Malacalza family. Ital-
matchs senior manage-
ment, including CEO Sergio
Iorio, will retain a 12%
interest in the company.
Italmatch was formed
through an MBO in 1997
and has ve production
facilities in Europe. It also
has plants and joint-ven-
tures in China and Japan.
The companys extensive
product range includes
phosphorus based ame
retardants, plus slip and
antiblock agents based on
fatty amides.
Sales for 2014 are
forecast to be around E250
million with 90% coming
from outside of Italy. This
total is more than double
that for 2012. The company
has 400 employees.
Philippe Poletti, head of
the Ardian Mid Cap team,
said: Italmatch is a great
example of Italian industrial
excellence. It has posted
robust turnover gures in
the last few years, and we
forecast other great
development opportunities,
which Ardian will help
Italmatch identify and seize,
working in partnership with
the excellent management
team.
www.italmatch.it
Italmatch
is sold
to Ardian
Lanxess has successfully
commissioned its new 90,000
tonnes/year polyamide produc-
tion plant in Antwerp, Belgium.
The company has invested E75
million in the new facility,
which will mainly supply the
automotive industry.
The company also produces
caprolactam feedstocks and
glass bre reinforcements at
its Antwerp site. The polyam-
ides manufactured at Antwerp
will be processed at Lanxesss
global network of compound-
ing facilities which includes
plants in Brazil, China,
Germany, India, and the USA.
Its Brazil compounding plant
was opened earlier this year.
www.lanxess.com
Lanxess starts up Antwerp PA plant
Lanxess has commissioned its new
polyamide plant at Antwerp

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news
Omya and Arkema have
entered into an exclusive
pan-European distribution
partnership. Under the new
agreement, Omya will
market Arkemas plastics
additives across Europe
with the exception of Spain
and Portugal.
The deal covers impact
modiers and processing
aids sold under the
Plastistrength, Duras-
trength, Clearstrength and
Biostrength brands. They
are manufactured in
Vlissingen, the Nether-
lands, and are used in PVC,
PC, PC/ABS, PC/PBT and
PLA compounds.
www.omya.com
Prone of Germany has
commissioned a second
PVC mixing plant at its
window prole production
site in Voskresensk, near
Moscow, Russia. It has
expanded mixing capacity by
26,000 tonnes/year, which
means that the facility is
Prones largest production
site outside of Germany.
The company has been
operating in the Russian
market for about 20 years
under the KBE name. Prone
also owns the Kmmerling
and Trocal brands.
www.prone-group.com
Omya and
Arkema
sign deal
Prone adds
PVC mixing
facility
AMI and Compounding World
magazine have announced the
full speaker line-up for the
second Compounding World
Forum, which takes place on
9-10 December 2014 in
Philadelphia, PA, USA. The
programme includes senior
representatives from leading
compounders, additives
suppliers and machinery
makers.
Bernard Rzepka, the
current COO and CEO-desig-
nate at A. Schulman, will give
the keynote address on
Building a global compound-
ing business and strategies for
Speakers announced for
Compounding World Forum
success in an increasingly
competitive market. The
opening business strategies
session will also include
presentations by Michel Huff,
CEO of Citadel Plastics, and
Duane Shooltz, president of
S&E Specialty Polymers.
Hot topics being covered in
the technology sessions
include: materials for 3D print-
ing; thermally conductive
compounds; faster formulation
development; cost-competitive
carbon bres; emerging
graphene applications;
enhanced bioplastics; process
simulation techniques; and
innovative functional llers.
The processing session will
include six practical talks from
machinery experts on how to
get the most from your
compounding lines. Topics
being covered include effective
degassing and optimised
mixing.
Places at the conference
are selling fast and can be
booked at a special early-bird
rate with a $300 discount until
22 August. The conference
brochure can be viewed on
pages 17-20 of this magazine
or you can download the PDF
at:http://bit.ly/CWF14B
SGL targets thermoplastics with
new carbon bre production
SGL Group started production
of thermoplastic-compatible
carbon bre at its Muir of Ord
site in Scotland last month. It
will initially meet demand from
the automotive industry.
The next generation of car-
bon bre-based products is
currently emerging in the
thermoplastics sector, said
Peter Weber, SGLs vice
president sales & marketing.
The company adds that
thermoplastic carbon bre
composites are opening up
new possibilities for serial
production.
SGL Group has developed a
special sizing to ensure a good
bond between the carbon bre
reinforcements and the
thermoplastic matrix. It is
currently developing new
sizing systems including
technology for high-tempera-
ture applications.
www.sglgroup.com
ENTEK_TS_CW_A4_062014_released.indd 1 6/20/14 3:29 PM
Optimising formulations | materials development
Peter Mapleston reports on how
Polymaterials is using innovative
techniques to accelerate the
optimisation of polymer blends and
compound formulations
It is the best of times; it is the worst of times. Compa-
nies looking to develop polymer blends and compounds
with a specic set of properties have never had such a
wide array of polymers and additives to choose from
and thats good. What is bad is that nding out what are
the best combinations of materials to use, and in which
quantities, requires considerable expertise and, in all
probability, time in the laboratory that can easily run
into months.
Polymaterials is taking a lot of the time, and much of
the expertise, out of the equation. Its doing it with a
heady mix of combinatorial experimentation, design of
experiments (DoE), and a form of high throughput
screening (HTS) developed specically for compounds.
Combinatorial experimentation identies desired
components, which in the jargon are called leads or hits.
Integrated mixing, injection moulding, testing and
data evaluation then delivers accurate results very
quickly. In a rst round, the detailed inuence of
individual components on desired properties is
detected; in a second round, optimal compositions can
be determined.
Not only is the system fast, it also uncovers material
combinations with properties that most likely would never
have been predicted using traditional research methods.
Polymaterials was founded in 1999, and is headed by
two polymer chemists, Gerhard Maier (CTO) and Jrgen
Stebani (CEO). It now employs around 35 people at two
locations in Germany. Its headquarters in the Innova-
park in Kaufbeuren houses chemical laboratories
where it synthesizes monomers, polymers, initiators
and the like, and also carries out its X-Plorator HTC
high-throughput screening system for compounds,
while in the Leverkusen Chempark it has polymeriza-
tion pilot plant for production trials.
The X-Plorator HTC system, which echoes HTS
systems already well-established in the pharmaceutical
industry, was developed several years ago in order to
reduce considerably the time taken to go from an idea
for a new or rened compound through to the nal
recipe. Even with a bench-top laboratory compounding
Winning formula:
Polymaterials speeds
up compound
development
materials development | Optimising formulations
extruder, it is normally only possible to produce no
more than three or four different compositions in a day.
Mixing and moulding
What makes the system rather remarkable is that no
traditional twin-screw extrusion compounding equip-
ment is used at all. Instead, materials are added
directly at the injection moulding machine, which
makes test pieces for various mechanical and optical
tests; mixing is done via a cascade of static mixers de-
tails of which the company is understandably reluctant
to discuss. Up to eight components can be mixed
together for any one test run. Maier says that, assuming
that 10 test samples are required per test, Polymateri-
als can process up to 40 different compositions in a day.
We can handle relatively complex systems in a very
easy way, he says.
The injection moulding machine is a two-component
type congured in a rather unusual way, since it does
not actually make two-component parts. Instead, each
injection unit processes different materials, which are
then all fed together into the static mixing section and
then to the mould. One way to operate the machine so
as to achieve fast changes is to feed all that is to remain
constant into one of the injection units, and those
components that will change into the other, says Maier.
The different concentrations are then achieved by
changing the ratio of both melt ows.
All in all, the system is very conservative with its
materials. We need about 1 kg material in total per
compound, depending mostly on the type and number
of test bars desired, Maier says. Fewer than ve shots
are lost when changing compound recipes Thus, it is
also ideal to study experimental materials, where there
is only a small sample of 20 kg or so available.
Maier explains: Combinatorial screening entered the
polymer world some 10 years ago, but most institutes
have used it only for miniaturized samples. We wanted it
to work with standard test pieces in standard tests, just
as you do in conventional product development. It was
clear to us that we needed to base our system on
injection moulding and to work on the mixing aspect that
would enable us to generate a melt that would have the
same morphologies and physical properties that you
would normally obtain using a twin-screw extruder and
conventional injection moulding.
Early work to establish the validity of the system
involved fairly conventional polymer blends, such as
polycarbonate/ABS and rubber-modied polyamides and
polyesters. More recently the company has also looked
at blends based on biopolymers such as PLA. We have
always found that we can make materials with the same
physical properties as obtained using a twin-screw
extruder with an error of 5-10%, Maier says.
The only exception to date is with ame retardant
compounds, where the Polymaterials process produces
compounds with slightly higher ame retardance than
is normally achieved with twin-screw extruders. Maier
says this is probably for two reasons. Firstly, when
using inorganic ame retardants that do not dissolve in
the polymer matrix, the very good distributive mixing
obtained with the static mixers in the HTC system works
in their favour. Secondly, the HTC system produces
materials with only one heat history, whereas com-
pounding followed by moulding has two, so the material
suffers less degradation and hence less of the ame
retardant is consumed.
The equipment works best with pellets and free-
owing powders and Polymaterials is now working on
using liquid dosing, which should be available later in
the year. Production of compounds with free-oating
Formulations
are added
directly to an
injection
moulding
machine which
makes the test
pieces
Polymaterials
is headed by
two polymer
chemists,
Gerhard Maier
(left) and
Jrgen Stebani
(right)
and dosable llers and bres is also possible.
Polymaterials is bound by condentiality agreements
in all its development projects, but Maier says that the
company has worked with every large raw material
manufacturer in Germany and most in Europe, and it is
now also beginning to work with independent com-
pounding companies.
We typically suggest to our customers that we start
with a screening process in which we use a few quick
tests to identify components worth looking at, based on
previous experience and also on price and availability,
and then we run a combinatorial plan to gure out what
kind of polymers and additives we want to use, says
Maier. Then we can set up a DoE that will identify key
component interactions. If everything works out, you will
be able to enter a range of properties that you want, and
the software will suggest how you can achieve them.
Flame retardants and synergists
As an example, Maier cites experiments to optimize
ame retardant polyamide compounds. This can get
rather complicated, he says, in what is something of an
understatement. Polymaterials worked with three ame
retardants, six synergists, and ve different additives. It
calculated around 270 different compositions for the
DoE, which it ran in around two weeks.
The accompanying graphs show just how compli-
cated things can get, even without taking mechanicals
into consideration. With one ame retardant/synergist
combination, for example, adding more ame retardant
signicantly improves ame resistance, while changing
the level of the synergist has little effect. But then in
glass-reinforced compounds, everything changes.
Flame retardance improves if you use more synergist,
but the FR addition rate makes little difference. So it
may pay to optimize the amount of glass before you
optimize the FR system, Maier says.
Why does this happen? Glass bres do not burn, so
they might be expected to add to the ame retardance
of a compound; but they may also act like tiny wicks in a
candle. Nobody is yet sure.
We can play around with the property prole you
want to have, says Maier. For example, the system will
nd which compounds achieve V-0, and then they can
be optimized for mechanicals. Or the model can be
used to target costs of compounds that perform within a
set property window. We can make predictions such as,
if you want to base the compound on this matrix
material, then V-0 will never be cheaper than X euros/
kilo, says Maier.
But how much does it all cost? Pricing is not always
An example for combinatorial screening the stars represent traditional
petrochemical polymers, while the black circles represent commercial
bioplastic blends and compounds. The coloured circles show bioplastic blends
from Polymaterials screening programme with bioplastics contents of 50-90%.
The size of the symbol equates to the impact toughness (Charpy, kJ/m
2
)
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Polymaterials tests on a ame retardant/synergist combination showed that in the unreinforced polymer adding more FR improves ame
resistance, while the synergist level has little effect. However, in the glass-reinforced compounds, ame retardancy improves with more
synergist, while the FR loading makes little difference.
easy, Maier admits. A series of 100 different com-
pounds will be in the range of 30,000-35,000, depend-
ing on the number of test bars or other samples per
compound, how many different measurement methods
will be used, whether or not there is the need for
producing masterbatches, and whether there is a DoE
or combinatorial plan already available, and what kind
of evaluation the client desires (just graphical represen-
tation, or creation of a predictive model).
While the individual compound including measure-
ments may not be that much cheaper than doing it the
conventional way, the strength of our X-Plorator lies in
the possibility to run a large number of compounds in a
short time, Maier concludes.
S www.polymaterials.de

More information
Gerhard Maier, chief technology ofcer of Polymateri-
als, will give a presentation at the Compounding World
Forum 2014, which takes place in Philadelphia, PA, USA
on 9-10 December. The title of his talk will be: Innova-
tive high-throughput techniques for the rapid develop-
ment of optimized polymer blends and compounds. For
more details on the event visit http://bit.ly/CWF2014.
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December 9-10, 2014
Loews Philadelphia Hotel, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Applied Market Information and Compounding World magazine are
pleased to announce that the second Compounding World Forum
will take place on 9-10 December at the Loews Philadelphia Hotel, in
downtown Philadelphia, PA, USA.
This conference features a high-level program brought together by the
editorial team of Compounding World, exploring and developing many of
the magazines most popular themes in a live event.
It will build on the considerable success of last years debut event,
providing an excellent opportunity for discussion and networking
between the international panel of speakers and delegates.
The conference will cover business strategies and new materials
technologies, as well as providing practical advice on getting the most
from compounding lines. The primary focus will be on the production
of technical compounds based on engineering thermoplastics,
performance polyolens and thermoplastic elastomers. Target end-
use markets include the automotive, medical, electrical/electronic and
consumer goods sectors.
A wide range of polymer and additives technologies will be covered
including electrically and thermally conductive compounds, advanced
llers and reinforcements, bio-based plastics, 3D printing materials, and
optimized polymer blends.
Strategic business and production issues will also be addressed,
including growing a compounding business in a global marketplace and
identifying the factors that make a successful compounding operation.
In addition, leading experts will discuss how to get the very best from
compounding lines with a wide range of practical tips and advice.
CONFERENCE HOTLINE
Contact: Kelly Cressman, Conference Coordinator
Tel: +1 610 478 0800
Fax: +1 610 478 0900
Email: [email protected]
AT COMPOUNDING WORLD FORUM 2014, YOU WILL:
Hear leading experts discuss key trends in technical
compounding
Discover new additive and materials technologies
Learn practical tips for getting the most from
compounding lines
Gain insights into global market trends and
business strategies
Network with other professionals in the
compounding industry
Forum 2014
EXHIBITORS INCLUDED: Aaron Equipment Ametek Westchester
Plastics Asahi Kasei Plastics B&P Process Equipment Bay Plastics
Machinery Brabender Technologie Bruggemann Chemical CPM
Century Extrusion CW Brabender Instruments Daihachi Chemical
Eckart Entek Extruders Excalibar Minerals ExxonMobil Felix
Compounds Fres-Co System Gala Industries ICMA San Giorgio
Maag Automatik Mixaco Momentive NFM Welding Engineers
Omya Parkison Technologies Pelletron PMC Polymer Products
Polyram Reduction Engineering Scheer Roscom/Tek Tube Rowa,
INC. Saint-Gobain Struktol TPEI Trendelkamp Trinity Resources
PINFA-NA Welset Americas Xtrutech
COMPOUNDERS REPRESENTED: A Schulman AGC Chemicals
Albany International Albis Ampacet APPL Industries Asahi
Kasei Plastics Ascend Performance Materials BASF Champlain
Cable Chroma Citadel Plastics Colorant Chromatics Continental
Compounders Corning Cable Systems Elix Polymers Enviroplas
Felix Compounds Foster Corporation Heritage Plastics Hudson
Color Concentrates Infnity Compounding Ingenia Polymers ITW
Formex LTL Color Compounders Lubrizol Advanced Materials
Mesa Industries Modern Dispersions Omni Plastics Penn Color
PET Processors Plasticomp PMC Group Polymaterials Polymera
PolyOne Polyram Polyvel PolyVisions Rimtec Roscom Rowa
Sabic S&E Specialty Polymers Saco Polymers Southwire Star
Thermoplastic Styron Sylvin Technologies Techmer PM Teknor
Apex Welset Westchester Plastics and more!
Organized by:
APPLIED MARKET INFORMATION LLC
Applied Market Information LLC (AMI LLC) is the leading
supplier of plastics consultancy and information services to
the global plastics industry. Based in Wyomissing, PA, AMI LLC
organizes a series of conferences providing an outstanding
range of opportunities for business networking.
To nd out more about AMIs products, services and
events, visit our website at: www.amiplastics-na.com or call:
+1 610 478 0800 or email: [email protected]
COMPOUNDING WORLD MAGAZINE
Compounding World is the monthly digital magazine for the
global plastics compounding industry. Published by AMI, it
is available free-of-charge online and via free apps for iPads,
iPhones and Android-based devices.
www.compoundingworld.com
- 2013 IN REVIEW -
Compounding World Forum 2013
sold out with over 230 attendees
from 140 different companies
and 37 exhibitors...
This year we doubled the space!
Turn page for booking details

C O N F E R E N C E P R O G R A M
Tuesday, December 9, 2014
8:00 Registration and welcome coffee
9:00 Opening announcements
SESSION 1 - EXPLORING MARKET TRENDS AND STRATEGIES
FOR SUCCESS
9:10 Analyzing the current and future status of the world
compounding industry
Mr. Andy Beevers, Publisher/Editor, Compounding World Magazine,
APPLIED MARKET INFORMATION Ltd., United Kingdom
KEYNOTE ADDRESS:
9:40 Building a global compounding business and strategies for
success in an increasingly competitive market
Mr. Bernard Rzepka, Executive Vice President &
Chief Operating Ofcer,
A. SCHULMAN, INC., United States
10:10 What makes a successful compounding company?
Mr. Michael Huff, CEO,
CITADEL PLASTICS, United States
10:40-11:10 Coffee break
11:10 Key trends and opportunities in the North American
compounding market
Mr. Duane Shooltz, President, COO,
S&E SPECIALTY POLYMERS, United States
SESSION 2 - OPTIMIZING PROCESSES AND FORMULATIONS
11:40 Using computer simulation for comparing screw
congurations on mechanical ow
Mr. Philippe David, General Manager,
SCIENCES COMPUTERS CONSULTANTS, France
12:10 Innovative high-throughput-techniques for the rapid
development of optimized polymer blends and compounds
Dr. Gerhard Maier, CTO,
POLYMATERIALS AG, Germany
12:40-2:10 Lunch
SESSION 3 - ADDING VALUE AND DEVELOPING NEW MARKETS
2:10 Advanced materials development via smart compounding
Dr. Roland Hingmann, Vice President,
BASF SE, Germany
2:40 Specialty compounds for the 3D printing market
Dr. Jeffrey Cernohous, General Manager,
INTERFACIAL SOLUTIONS, A STRATASYS SUBSIDIARY, United States
3:40 Processing and market opportunities for bioplastic
compounds and blends
Mr. Edwin Tam, Manager, New Strategic Initiative,
TEKNOR APEX COMPANY, United States
SESSION 4 - SPECIFYING FUNCTIONAL FILLERS AND REINFORCING FIBERS
4:10 Selecting and using carbon bers in thermoplastic
compounds new developments, applications
and opportunities
Mr. David Purcell, Vice President, Composite Intermediates,
ZOLTEK CORPORATION, United States
4:40 Glass ber reinforced plastics the inuence of glass ber
sizing in various polyamides
Dr. Jaap van der Woude, Director Science and Technology, Europe,
PPG INDUSTRIES FIBER GLASS B.V., The Netherlands
5:10 Five exciting functional llers that you (probably) havent
tried before
Dr.Chris DeArmitt,Business Development Manager,Polymers & Coatings,
LKAB MINERALS, INC., United States
5:40-7:10 Cocktail Reception sponsored by:
Wednesday, December 10, 2014
8:30 Welcome coffee
9:00 Opening announcements
SESSION 5 - TAKING CONTROL OF ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY

9:10 Optimizing electrical conductivity with next generation
carbon blacks and the potential for graphenes
Dr. Angelos Kyrlidis, Principal Scientist, New Business Development,
CABOT CORPORATION, United States

9:40 Thermally conductive plastics developing new
formulations, applications and markets
Mr. Jason Eckel, Marketing Director, North America Specialty
Engineered Materials,
POLYONE CORP., United States
10:10 New ller concepts for increasing the thermal conductivity
of thermoplastics
Dr. Jrg Ulrich Zilles, Head of R&D,
HPF THE MINERAL ENGINEERS, A DIVISION OF QUARZWERKE,
Germany
SESSION 6 - MAKING THE MOST OF YOUR COMPOUNDING LINES

11:10 Putting a compounding extrusion system together an
extruder manufacturers perspective
Mr. Al Bailey, East Coast Controls Manager,
ENTEK, United States
11:40 Top tips for effective vacuum degassing on twin-screw extruders
Mr. Bert Elliott, Engineering Manager,
LEISTRITZ, United States
12:10 Fundamentals of twin-screw extrusion polymer melting:
Common pitfalls and how to avoid them
Dr. Paul Anderson, Director, Process Technology,
COPERION CORPORATION, United States
12:40-2:00 Lunch
2:00 Enabling and optimizing mixing processes to open up new
applications for twin-screw extruders
Dr. Babu Padmanbhan, Founder and Managing Director,
STEER ENGINEERING, India
2:30 Identifying and solving wear problems in twin-screw
compounding extruders
Mr. Adam Dreiblatt, Director of Process Technology,
CENTURY EXTRUSION, United States
3:00 Putting the TriVolution kneader through its paces real-life
experiences with a new compounding machine
Mr. Michael F. Lazorchak IV, Global Product Manager Mixing Systems,
B&P PROCESS EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS, LLC, United States
Mr. Jim Preston, Vice President of Business Development,
RHETECH, INC., United States
3:30 Afternoon wrap up and questions.
3.40 Conference ends
Conference lanyard sponsored by:
AMI reserves the right to alter the programme without notice.
The latest programme including any new speakers or changes to schedules can
be viewed on our website: www.amiplastics-na.com
Turn page for booking details
Image courtesy of:
Loews Philadelphia Hotel
REGISTRATION FORM
Compounding World Forum 2014
December 9-10, 2014
Philadelphia, PA, USA
Company: ______________________________________________
Address: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Tel:_______________________ Fax: _________________________
Company activity: _______________________________________
Delegate Details
If more than one delegate please photocopy form
Title: _______________First name:__________________________
Surname: ______________________________________________
Position: _______________________________________________
Email: __________________________________________________
Special dietary requirements: ______________________________
Payment Details
Please make payments in US Dollars ($)
q Delegate fee $990 ___________
(before August 22, 2014)
q Delegate fee $1290 ___________
(thereafter)
q Exhibition package $2190 ___________
(includes exhibition space
and one delegate space)
Total: ___________
Method of Payment
Payment terms are NET 30
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CONFERENCE DETAILS
DATE AND LOCATION:
December 9-10, 2014
Loews Philadelphia Hotel
1200 Market Street
Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
Tel: +1 215 627 1200

HOTEL ACCOMMODATION
The conference fee does not include lodging. We have negotiated a special
rate of $179 plus tax per night for a single or double occupancy at the
Loews Philadelphia Hotel. To make a reservation, please contact the hotels
reservation department by November 17, 2014 and indicate that you
will be attending AMIs Compounding World Forum 2014 conference to
qualify for the special room rate. The hotel rate is guaranteed for a limited
number of rooms so do not delay in making your reservation for a room at
the conference location.
REGISTRATION FEE
Register before August 22, 2014 for only $990. Thereafter, the fee will be
$1290. Registration includes all sessions, conference proceedings, the
cocktail reception, luncheons and break refreshments.
GROUP RATES
For companies wishing to register two or more delegates, group discounts
are available. Please contact the Conference Coordinator for more details.
SPONSOR THIS EVENT AND PROMOTE YOUR COMPANY
AMI events are more than just arenas for listening and networking. They
also represent highly targeted opportunities to enhance your image and
promote your products and services to an international audience.
Each event offers the following unique awareness building opportunities:
sponsorship of the cocktail reception, lunches, coffee breaks, and much
more. For further information, please contact the Conference Coordinator
at +1 610 478 0800.
EXHIBITION PACKAGE
This package includes an exhibition space in the conference room where
we will be hosting registration, the cocktail reception and coffee breaks,
giving exhibitors maximum exposure. It also includes 1 free delegate
place. Exhibitors may either use tables provided by the hotel or bring
their own stand or display. A limited number of tables are available and are
assigned on a rst come, rst serve basis. The cost of this package is $2190.
Please note: When applicable, exhibitors are responsible for any electricity
and/or handling fees involved with their booth. For further information,
please contact the Conference Coordinator.
COCKTAIL RECEPTION
A cocktail reception will be hosted directly following sessions in the
exhibition room on Tuesday, December 9th. This will be an ideal setting
for delegates and speakers to mix business with pleasure. All registered
attendees are welcomed.
SUBSTITUTIONS / CANCELLATIONS
Delegates may be substituted at any time at no charge. We ask that you
provide ample notication of substitution in order that materials can be
prepared. Full refunds, less an administrative charge of $200 will only be
made on cancellations received prior to August 22, 2014. We regret that
we cannot make refunds on cancellations received after this date or for no-
shows at the conference. Please note that refunds cannot be made on table
top bookings or sponsorship packages.
CONFERENCE HOTLINE
Ms. Kelly Cressman, Conference Coordinator
Applied Market Information LLC Tel: +1 610 478 0800
1210 Broadcasting Road, Suite #103 Fax: +1 610 478 0900
Wyomissing, PA 19610, USA Email: [email protected]
Please make copies of this registration form for others to use or
download a PDF le copy of the brochure from our web site at
www.amiplastics-na.com
Click here for a PDF of the brochure
Antimicrobials | additives feature
Peter Mapleston reviews a wide
range of new developments in
antimicrobials for polymers, including
new additives that take their
inspiration from nature
The world has a growing need for antimicrobials, but
restrictions on what chemicals can be used are
increasing too. Suppliers are responding with new
solutions, and some of them are taking a page out of
Mother Natures book of common cures to help them
with the task.
The task is made more difcult by the rise of
organisms that are resistant to antibiotics. Embedded
antimicrobials that are effective against antibiotic
resistant organisms can play a vital role in controlling
the growth of these organisms on surfaces and
potentially limiting the spread of these resistant
organisms, notes Lise Moloney, director of business
development for healthcare at Sciessent.
Few antimicrobials that are acceptable for use in
human contact are stable enough to survive the high
temperatures used to process many thermoplastics.
One of the few exceptions is silver. Several companies
offer silver-based antimicrobials, Sciessent being
among them. Silver-containing antimi-
crobials protect against the unwanted
effects of microbes, like bacteria,
mould fungi, mildew, yeasts and algae
all of which can cause material
destruction, unsightly stains, cross
contamination, odour development
and biolm formation.
Keep it clean:
antimicrobial additives for plastics
Sciessents Agion is a controlled-release antimicro-
bial technology that works through an ion exchange
process to control the release of the active ion. An inert
zeolite carrier can be charged with silver ions, copper
ions and/or zinc ions. Sciessent has several grades with
different combinations of the metal ions and some with
just a single type of metal ion.
The zeolite is very stable and can handle the
temperatures and shear forces seen in compounding
and other typical manufacturing processes. It is
hygroscopic, but with simple handling steps moisture
adsorption can be avoided and the material can be
processed without issues, Moloney says.
Moloney cites as an example a catheter company
that wanted its devices to be antimicrobial on both the
internal and external surfaces. It uses Sciessents Agion
additives feature | Antimicrobials
antimicrobial in masterbatch form (the company also
sells the pure additive to companies with their own
compounding capability). Recent results of a three-year
clinical study of 86 preterm infants receiving umbilical
vein catheters (UVCs), half with Agion and half without,
showed that patients receiving the untreated catheters
had an infection rate of 22%, while the patients with the
Agion treated catheters had an infection rate of 2%.
Another antimicrobials specialist, Microban says
that it has over 20 different technologies in its portfolio,
including both organic and inorganic chemistries, but
the bulk of the thermoplastic products which use Micro-
ban today are treated with silver or zinc. The cost/
performance balance for end-use applications is
acceptable for these technologies, the company says.
The wider appeal of these technologies is their
acceptance across multiple territories, spanning the
Americas, Asia, and EMEA, says Jonathan Clapp,
technical manager with Microban Europe in Cannock,
England.
New technologies looking at improved performance
are under development as the next generation of
additives, he adds. These are hoped to bring down the
gap between surface disinfection using liquid cleaners,
and built-in technologies. Development work is still
ongoing.
Microban does offer triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4-
dichlorophenoxy)phenol) antimicrobials, but Clapp says
that for the European market at least, Microban no
longer promotes their use. This is based on European
consumer perception that has led to business decisions
to promote/support other biocides he says. Triclosan
is a highly effective broad-spectrum preservative that
has been used safely in treated articles for a very long
time, and continues to be an important biocide in other
parts of the world.
Organic options from Microban range from zinc
pyrithione to isothiazolinones and thiabendazole. We
are technology agnostic and will develop a solution
based on best technology for material and application,
Clapp says. We can offer both antibacterial and
antifungal solutions.
Millikens AlphaSan antimicrobial additive incorpo-
rates silver ions to interfere with bacterial metabolisms,
preventing reproduction and spreading.
Sanitized antimicrobial protection nds application
in ooring, door handles and support railings, ventila-
tion ducts (especially in air-conditioning equipment),
medical equipment, toilets or washbasins and sinks.
Communications manager Sibylle Hnni says that the
company calls on various biocidal substances to solve
client problems.
Stable solutions
Among new products, she cites Sanitized PL 12-32, a
formulation with high water resistance and UV stability
for outdoor applications such as awnings and tents. A
second new product, Sanitized PL 12-33 is character-
ized by high thermal stability, aimed at indoor applica-
tions such as ooring and furnishings.
Plastisols, coatings or foams employed in many
exible PVC products are very sensitive to attacks from
microbes, Hnni points out. Especially in outdoor
applications, the extra-cellular enzymes in such
microbes can break down plasticizers as well as other
additives that are susceptible to them. The result is that
PVC products gradually become stiff and brittle. By
Kitchen tools
are a typical
target applica-
tion for
antimicrobials
New Sanitized
antimicrobials
prevent
microbes
breaking down
plasticizers in
PVC in outdoor
applications
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FINAL REMINDER BOOK NOW
Organized by:
Applied Market
Information LLC
September 23-24, 2014
Hilton Philadelphia City Avenue,
COMPOUNDING & PROCESSING 2012
Pol yol ef i n
Performance 2014
Media supporter:
Amanda Schaeffer Conference Coordinator [email protected] Ph: +1 610 478 0800 Fx: +1 610 478 0900
CLICK HERE FOR DETAILS
applying these new Sanitized additives, lifetimes can be
successfully increased, she says.
In April, Americhem said that it had developed a line
of antimicrobial masterbatches for plastics and
synthetic bres in a non-exclusive partnership with
Bangkok-based Life Material Technologies, for sale
under the nShield brand name. Americhem says they
are well-suited for use in sanitary applications for the
kitchen and bathroom, and in other areas. It is targeting
Asian markets in particular, but the products do also
comply with regulations in Europe and the US. Their
active ingredient suppresses the growth of bacteria,
algae, fungus, mould and mildew.
The masterbatches possess excellent compatibility
with transparent polymers like polycarbonate, acrylics
and styrenics, says Tom Ellefsen, chief executive of Life
Material Technologies (and an ex-Microban director).
In addition to sanitary ware, our antimicrobial additive
technologies are appropriate as antifungal agents in
high-temperature and transparent polymers, as well as
plastics used outdoors. Products are also available for
nylon and polyester bres as well as products that allow
for an ultra-low let-down rate.
Vaman Kulkarni is Americhems expert on antimicro-
bials in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. He says the companys
nShield range now includes organic and inorganic
materials based on various technologies and from
various companies. Its original focus was on silver-
based products for polyester and polyamide bres with
processing temperatures of over 280C; but it has since
expanded its market coverage. The key thing we bring
is our ability to create very ne dispersion of the
additive, which is very critical in bres, especially those
Food containers
containing
antimicrobials
from Life
Material
Technologies
140612_CompoundingWorld_Jul-Aug14_CoperionZSKMc18_210x148_en.indd 1 12.06.2014 11:09:30
with very ne deniers, he says. He also highlights
Americhems ability to combine different functionalities
into compounds, including colour.
Life Material Technologies also supplies organic and
inorganic antimicrobial additives. It offers inorganic
additives in a number of different refractive indices to
match the refractive indices of different clear polymers.
Ellefsen claims that because of our wide range of
antimicrobial substances and our manufacturing base
in Asia, Life typically has the lowest cost additives in the
marketplace for a given application.
Back to nature
Ellefsen says that the companys most ground-breaking
development is an antimicrobial plant extract that can
be used in a wide range of polymers to add protection
against bacteria and, in certain polymers, also fungi.
We have a couple of consumer products customers
using the plant-based antimicrobial, and many in
advanced stages of development, he says. The
interest has been particularly strong from large
multinationals that are concerned about public
relations exposure from the use of heavy metals such
as silver and copper, and synthetic chemicals such as
isothiazolinones and pyrithiones. The home appliance
industry seems particularly excited about this new
technology.
US-based masterbatch maker and compounder
Plastics Color Corporation (PCC) introduced MicroBlok
antimicrobial formulations for polymers early last year
as part of an effort to increase business among
producers of medical packaging and devices. Once
again, they use silver as the active ingredient. More
recently, the company brought out MicroBlok Z formula-
tions, which contain zinc pyrithione.
Tim Workman, PCCs vice president of business
development, says the two different ranges have their
own places in the market. Silver provides an inhospita-
ble environment for microbes, he says, so it limits the
expansion of their colonies. But it doesnt kill them. Zinc
is more of a fungicide, and works well in products that
come into contact with a lot of moisture.
Workman says the MicroBlok products are custom
formulated for individual applications and customers.
They can be combined with colours and other functional
additives also supplied by the company. In addition, he
says that the company is working, with some success,
on creating formulations with zinc pyrithione that work
in plastics with processing temperatures above those
normally considered at the maximum for the chemical.
Parx Plastics is one of the most recent entrants into
the antimicrobials market. This Rotterdam, Netherlands-
based company claims to have created a 100% safe and
biocompatible antibacterial plastic by applying biomi-
metic and nano-technology to make an intrinsic change
to plastic resulting in a mechanical/physical property
that acts against bacteria and microorganisms.
The company says that it studied different trace
elements naturally present in the human body and in
vegetation and which provide a natural shield against
bacteria and infections. It identies zinc as one trace
element present in its products. Parx claims that its
Sanipolymer technology offers a safe and non-toxic
alternative to the presently available solutions.
Sanipolymers are not cytotoxic and they are fully
safe in contact with humans and nature, our antibacte-
rial effect is exclusively targeted at the bacterial cell
walls and essentially breaks them down, causing the
bacteria to lyse and die (or inhibit bacterial cell
division), says company co-founder Michele Fiori.
The technology keeps migration below the 10 ppb
migration limit set by the FDA in the USA and therefore
does not require FDA clearance for plastics that come
in contact with foodstuff, claims Fiori.
A particularly critical aspect of microbial growth on
surfaces is biolm formation, a dense accumulation of
bacteria, says Peter Guggenbichler, head of AMiSTec,
another recent market entrant. Based in Kssen,
Austria, this company develops and licenses technology
for germ-free surfaces based on acids. It produces
additives and tailor-made masterbatches. Its product is
already being used by Austrian compounder Grafe.
A biolm can be up to 150 m thick, and the bacteria
in it protect themselves against external inuences by
various mechanisms. For instance, they expel sticky
polysaccharides that help them to attach to surfaces
and retain ambient conditions.
Plastics Color
Corporation is
working on
various
antimicrobial
formulations
for polymers
s
PEOPLE
thats where your benets start
PLAS MEC s.r.l. Plastic Technology
Via Europa, 79 - 21015 Lonate Pozzolo (VA) - Italy - Tel. +39.0331.301648 - [email protected]
plasmec.it
Durable systems and quality products do not happen by chance.
Behind Plasmecs success is the work of a team.
Their goal: manufacture equipment for plastics and powder coating processing.
COMBIMIX-HC combination of heating mixer TRM and High Efciency Cooler HEC
to satisfy the most demanding specications for productivity and exibility.
The lack of nutrients in a biolm results in exceed-
ingly low external metabolic activities in the bacteria,
Guggenbichler says. As a consequence, microorgan-
isms in a biolm cannot be eradicated by antibiotics and
disinfectants. In addition, a biocide concentration that
is 100 fold higher than needed for eradication of
planktonic bacteria is necessary to eradicate sessile
ones in a biolm. So in essence, once a biolm has
developed, it can hardly be eliminated, he explains.
Plastics are particularly prone to biolm formation
several polymers, plasticizers and additives provide
direct nutrition for bacteria.
The disadvantage of any silver technology is its
limited duration as silver ions have to be released from
the surface, Guggenbichler points out, adding that the
antimicrobial activity of silver can also be deactivated by
even minute amounts of sulphur.
Organic options
There are several hundred organic compounds with an
anti-microbial effect, Guggenbichler notes, citing
quaternary ammonium compounds (quats), isothia-
zolinone derivatives, triclosan and chlorhexidine.
In a recent scientic paper, Guggenbichler and
co-workers said that, inspired by the bodys own
defence mechanisms acidic surfaces were created by
incorporation of Brnsted-Lowry acids in various
composite materials which proved to be a superior
technology to presently available solutions. Molybde-
num trioxide, MoO
3
, is suitable for eliminating bacteria
on surfaces, they said.
Brnsted-Lowry acids incorporated in composite
materials are non-toxic and show excellent biocompat-
ibility. They form acidic surfaces that effectively prevent
adherence of microorganisms on surfaces, block
proliferation and biolm formation, and eventually
result in rapid eradication of the microorganisms.
Potential products for this technology include hospital
furniture, oors and walls, instrument housings, door
knobs, light switches, cables and catheters.
Moving away from OBPA
Oxybisphenoxarsine (OBPA) biocide has been success-
fully used in plastics largely PVC and polyurethanes
for over 50 years, but its use is now in the twilight
years. It is based on chemistry containing arsenic, and
although when bound within a PVC article presents a
very low risk, once the materials are disposed of there
is now a recognised impact and risk to the environment
from leaching and soil migration. Handling during
processing and manufacture also presents a risk.
OBPA was withdrawn from sale in the EU during
January 2013, ahead of the Biocidal Products Directive
(BPD). In the USA, OBPA is not banned, although the
number of producers has fallen. While Dow has pulled
out of the market, Troy Corporation has invested in toxic-
ity studies and environmental case studies that are
required to get its Micropel product re-registered. It has
until 2016 to develop new test methods needed to
proceed. Supply of OBPA should be plentiful at least until
then. In the rest of the world, OBPA is still available.
In a statement issued last August, Troys vice
president David Faherty said that for those customers
who wish to formulate with OBPA alternatives, Troy
offers a full range of Micropel preservatives based on
other actives, most notably IPBC [iodopropynylbutylcar-
bamate], which provide comparable performance to
OBPA in the control of fungal and pink stain growth in
plastics and related materials.
Faherty cited a new product technology Micropel
1000, which is designed to impart surface anti-bacterial
properties and offer comparable performance to silver,
but with better cost in use. He said further Micropel
materials are under development.
Advantages of the MoO
3
technology over alternatives, according to AMiSTec
Technology Anti- Anti Toxicity No effect on Colour Damage to Creation of Still System
microbial microbial environment stability matrix resistancies effective costs
strength duration with sweat Cost
& protein benet
load ratio
Silver (Ag+) NOK Colour change High
Copper Highly toxic NOK Colour change Polyolens NOK
Organic biocides NOK Cross-
resistancies
TiO
2
+ UV light Polymers NOK
Disinfectants Short NOK Cross-
resistancies
Antibiotics Short NOK Yes High
Acidic surfaces by MoO
3

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Samples from Lonza show problems of ASTM testing in determining
effectiveness of antimicrobials for PVC both samples are free from
antimicrobial growth but the one on the right fails because it is stained by
metabolite migration
Thomas Robitaille, global technical marketing lead
for plastics at Lonza Microbial Control, says that, with
the passing of OBPA, the days of a single antimicrobial
treatment that can be used at one or two use levels in
all end-use environments are over. The various
antimicrobials now available have different benets
depending on the materials in which they are
incorporated and the environment in which nished
products are used, so the antimicrobial package will
need to be specically designed for each application.
Robitaille says that most antimicrobials available for
OBPA replacement in exible PVC are, like OBPA itself,
soluble in plasticizers. This carries the disadvantage
that, if the plasticizer migrates or leaches from the
product, it takes all the antimicrobial with it at a very
high concentration, depleting the reservoir of
antimicrobial in the actual treated product. In a system
in which the antimicrobial is mechanically bound in the
PVC matrix, the loss of antimicrobial would be corre-
spondingly less.
Applications such as geo-membranes, roong
membranes, tarpaulins, pond and pool liners, and
underground sheeting can benet greatly by increasing
the expected useful lifetime of the nished product
through the use of antimicrobials with a dual solubil-
ity prole, Robitaille says. Lonza now offers such
systems. The companys product mix can, he says, cover
all the bases: environments with high moisture levels,
high UV levels, high leaching, and so on.
easy-dispersion
high purity
For electronic packaging, fuel hoses,
ooring, power cables and accessories,
conveying belts, ATEX applications.
thermal conductivity
lubrication
For seals, water-meters, heat sinks, geothermal pipes,
LED light sockets, primers for electrostatic painting, gas
barrier properties.
Polymers
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TIMCAL Carbon Black
ENSACO
TIMCAL Graphite
TIMREX
s
Antimicrobials based on butyl benzisothiazolinone
(BBIT), which Lonza markets under the Vanquish 100
banner, are more soluble in plasticizer than in PVC.
BBIT is part of a class of chemicals, isothiazolinones
(ITs), of which there are two other variants used in
plastics: DCOIT (a dichloro blend with isothiazolinone)
and OIT (octylisothiazolinone). They all have similar
functional properties and solubilities in plasticizers.
When BBIT is blended with zinc pyrithione (ZnP) it
provides a dual solubility prole: ZnP, which is not
plasticizer-soluble, does not migrate out with the
plasticizer at 100%. The patented combination is said to
be a good solution for parts with long intended life-
times, especially underground and underwater, such as
geomembranes and swimming pool liners.
There are some key differences between the three
isothiazolinone variants though, and these are particu-
larly relevant to above-ground applications. Robitaille
says that BBIT out-performs DCOIT and OIT in micro-
biological tests following QUV accelerated weathering.
PVC containing DCOIT yellows less than BBIT, but its
DCOITs performance as an antimicrobial disappears
after fewer than 20 hours QUV exposure [as measured
according to the ASTM G21 test], he says. OIT lasts for
50 hours, but BBIT only fails after 150 hours.
Zinc pyrithione, which Lonza markets as Zinc
Omadine, was invented around 75 years ago by Olin
Corporation, whose speciality chemicals business was
spun off as Arch Chemicals, now part of Lonza. Its main
use is in anti-dandruff shampoos.
ZnP has a decomposition temperature of 240C, so
its applications in plastics are limited to materials that
process below that temperature: polyethylene and
polypropylene, EPDM rubber, PVC, and thermoplastic
polyurethanes for example. Lonza is looking at ways to
increase the decomposition temperature to around
260C or possibly even higher.
ZnP is extremely effective on its own in polyolens,
and provides an alternative to tricolosan, another
antimicrobial that appears to be on the way out because
of toxicity issues. Polyolens are biologically inert, and
do not require antimicrobials, but organic matter that
may collect on parts in certain applications can provide
a food source for bacteria. Plasticized PVC on the other
hand provides good food for microbes.
Robitaille points out that ZnP is unique in that in
Europe it is registered for use in plastics product types
9 (polymer preservation) and 2 (disinfecting product
surfaces). The only other chemicals that have this dual
registration are silver, silyl quats and polyhexamethyl-
ene biguanide (PHMB), but none of these is very good at
preservation, whereas ZnP is very effective at both.
Robitaille also says that the current ASTM E-1428
standard, which is used to test the efcacy of antimicro-
bials, may need to be rewritten to properly reect the
properties of OBPA replacements. This is because the
standard looks at the formation of pink stains on a
plastics sample placed on a layer of agar in a petri dish.
OBPA easily passes this test because it leaches out of
the PVC and forms a large zone of inhibition that
prevents pink stains which are due to metabolites and
not the bacteria themselves reaching the sample
through the agar. Robitaille explains that the remaining
antimicrobials have much smaller zones of inhibition,
allowing migration of the pink stain, even if the sample
remains bacteria free.
With new alternatives, which leach less from the
PVC, pink stains are more likely to form on the sample,
even though the antibacterial effect they provide is just
as good, if not better. Robitaille says that a test in which
How antimicrobials for PVC compare table compiled by Lonza
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KMI uses unique processing

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KMIsproductrangeincludes
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AcicularWollastonite
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Tel:+43(4352)545350
Fax:+43(4352)54535135
[email protected]
www.kmi.at
Krntner Montanindustrie (KMI),
located in Austria, is the market leader
inMicaceousIronOxide(MIOX).
KMI, as a specialist in micronization of
high aspect ratio (HAR) minerals,
extended their product portfolio to
Mica (Muscovite, Phlogopite) and
Wollastonite.
These minerals have a higher aspect

ratio, either platy or acicular, and they
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Shrinkageandwarpage
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KMIsMICAPhlogopite
Polyamide is often reinforced by glass
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With KMIs Phlogopite in combination

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the agar is put on the sample, rather than the other way
around, would eliminate the zone of inhibition and
produce more valid results that better characterize the
growth of the bacteria on the sample itself.
Akcros Chemicals, which has supplied OBPA, says
that in the short- to medium-term it is working with its
customers on alternatives while supplying them with
their regular products during the expected transition
from formulated OBPA products (its Intercide ABF family)
to the more environmentally acceptable alternatives.
According to Akcros, OIT is a good fungicide and is
generally more cost-effective pro-rata than similar
isothiazolinones for interior uses. However, its relatively
high water solubility makes it less suitable for exterior
applications.
Akcros now offers OIT-based biocide (Intercide OBF
family) as liquids and pelletized masterbatches globally.
This follows a partnership with Dow Microbial Control in
which Dow no longer supplies or produces biocides to
the plastics sector; its Vinyzene brand has been
incorporated under the Akcros Intercide banner. Akcros
is now Dows exclusive supply channel partner.
DCOIT has a very good microbiological spectrum,
Akcros says, a very low water solubility of just 2 ppm,
and has good UV stability, especially compared to OBPA.
This makes it quite suitable for exterior applications.
Akcros offers the Intercide DBF family of products
based upon DCOIT, including a range of pelletized
masterbatch products.
Almost all biocides can react with other ingredients
in a PVC formulation, says Dean Nichols, European
biocides product manager for Akcros. By far the most
critical of these is the mixed metal stabilizer, also part
of a range of products produced by the company.
Nichols says that, by examining the antagonism
between isothiazolinones and stabilizers over the last
few years, Akcros has built up a bank of knowledge and
experience which has led to the development of new
stabilizers which provide a marked improvement in
compatibility and performance.
Click on the links for more information:
www.akcros.com
www.americhem.com
www.amistec.at
www.life-materials.com
www.lonza.com
www.microban.com
www.millikenchemical.com
www.parxplastics.com
www.plasticscolor.com
www.sanitized.com
www.sciessent.com
www.troycorp.com
Zones of
inhibition
achieved with
Akcros
Intercide
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Be the rst to know when we publish a new edition,
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ANTIMICROBIAL POLYMERS
COLOR: AN INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICE
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PRINCIPLES OF COLOUR AND APPEARANCE
MEASUREMENT: OBJECT APPEARANCE, COLOUR
PERCEPTION AND INSTRUMENTAL MEASUREMENT
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Colour monitoring | materials testing
Jennifer Markarian looks at the
latest technologies for measuring,
sharing and matching plastics colours
Accurately measuring colour is vital to consistently
producing colour compounds and masterbatches and to
communicating colour throughout the supply chain,
from the compounder all the way to the brand owner.
The plastics industry has largely moved from relying on
physical colour chips and expert colour matchers to
instrumented colour measurement and digital commu-
nication. This technology makes colour communication
easier, faster, and clearer as long as the measuring
instruments are accurate and all parties are reporting
values using the same colour scales and conditions.
Just giving a colour number doesnt communicate
enough information, notes Elaine Becker, sales and
applications at CyberChrome. You need to know for
what illuminant and observer, whether these numbers
come from a colorimeter or a spectrophotometer, are
they gloss included or gloss excluded, what instrument
were they measured on, and nally, is this instrument
measuring colour correctly.
Colour scales
Different industries may use different units to measure
colour. Although the plastics industry had used the
Hunter L, a, b scale, it has generally moved to the CIE
L*,a*,b* scale. Any colour can be expressed in either
Hunter L, a, b or CIE L*, a*, b* values; both are derived
from the same CIE X, Y, Z tristimulus values, explains
Gordon Leggett, senior applications specialist at
HunterLab. CIE L*, a*, b* is considered currently to be
the best scale for expression of colour and colour
difference. Software of all the major colorimetric
companies allows for reporting in both scales. The
more difcult issue is agreement in reporting colour
values between buyer and seller, which must be
negotiated and clearly communicated.
It takes time for the industry to collect data and
make changes to measurement standards. The Vinyl
Siding Institute (VSI) recently published a new standard
using CIE L*, a*, b* values ASTM D7856 is the
Standard specication for color and appearance
retention of solid and variegated color plastic siding
products using CIELab color space. This updates the
Measuring and communicating
colour more effectively
materials testing | Colour monitoring
current ASTM standards for colour retention of plastic
siding, ASTM D6864 (for solid colours) and D7251 (for
variegated colours) that used the Hunter scale, notes
Dave Johnston, senior technical director at the VSI.
CIE L*,a*,b* colour space is considered to better
represent human colour perception and offers some
advantages for the process of evaluating acceptability of
colour change, explains Johnston. The Hunter-based
systems required different types of siding colours (such
as medium blue or light green) to be separated into
distinct colour regions, each with its own boundaries
and equation for evaluating colour change. The CIE L*,
a*, b* system allowed us to nd an equation that
worked for all colours, both solid and variegated, and
eliminate separate colour regions. This will greatly
simplify the process of setting up and evaluating
studies of colour change due to weathering. The VSI is
in the process of transitioning its colour retention
certication programs from the old standards to the
new one.
Some advocate the use of newer measurement
algorithms, such as CMC, CIE94 or DE2000, but there
has been only a slow movement towards their use. The
industry is extremely slow to move because it has a
large amount of historical data and is reluctant to move
to a new measurement system with different pass/fail
tolerances, comments Ron Beck, R&D manager at
Americhem.
Calibrating, proling, and ensuring
consistency
In addition to using the same units for reporting,
instruments must be calibrated and qualied for
accurately communicating colour and ensuring that col-
our data is consistent from one instrument to another
at multiple production plants around the world or
throughout the supply chain. Calibration is standardized
using CIE 15:2004 Colorimetry and auxiliary ASTM/
ISO and JIS colorimetric methods, notes Leggett. The
larger concern, he adds, is a companys standard
operating procedures (SOP) for measurement. It is
important to verify the repeatability of your measure-
ment made using your SOP. You should communicate
your SOP measurement method to your customers and
work with them on standardizing best practices. This
includes performing round-robin comparative
measurements with multiple sites and customers
that includes typical samples and a performance
qualication (PQ) qualifying tile of a colour similar
to your products.
Instrument proling software is regularly used to
correlate a group of spectrophotometers to ensure
consistent readings among the group. Although all
spectrophotometers read colour accurately when they
leave the factory, there are variations among manufac-
turers, explains CyberChromes Becker. Instruments
also drift and change as they are used in the often dusty
and dirty environment of a compounding facility.
Proling is used to correlate the readings of a eet of
instruments that are used together in the real world.
In addition to calibrating and proling, a disciplined
programme of instrument monitoring is needed to
ensure that an individual instruments colour readings
are correct, she says. CyberChrome introduced
Instrument Performance software, available as a
stand-alone program or as part of its OnColor suite of
software, to check and monitor the performance of a
spectrophotometer to see that it is measuring colour
consistently and accurately. The test uses a set of
long-term stable ceramic tiles that are measured on a
weekly or monthly basis, explains Becker. The
software tracks the readings to assess the consistency
of the measurements and saves the data into a
database so that it can track and plot the variations in
the readings. These trend charts and plots help
diagnose when its time to re-prole the instrument or
if it needs factory service and re-calibration.
Even with tools to help ensure good colour commu-
nication, there is room for physical improvement.
There needs to be improvement in colour communica-
tion as it relates to correlation between objects,
spectrophotometer measurements, printed materials
and colours displayed on a computer screen, says
Americhems Beck. The proling of monitors, printers
and spectrophotometers has helped improve the
correlation in colour communication, although spectro-
photometer proling software must create standard
proles that can be used by all colour software like
printer and monitor proles.
New tools to meet customer demands
Another area for improvement is easier communication
between designers and labs for colour matching.
Customers expect that a compounder or masterbatch
producer can offer quick turnaround for custom colour
matching and can match any colour that they can dream
up, says CyberChromes Becker. Its getting to the
Variables
Node+Chroma
is a portable,
wireless tool
for communi-
cating colour
point that they expect to take a picture
of the colour they want on their smart
phone and be able to send that over to the
colour lab to get it matched. Becker notes that
smart-phone cameras only capture RGB data, not the
full spectral curve needed to get the best colour match
under all light sources, but the technology will give a
ballpark match.
The biggest need is to give the designer of the
original part a tool to specify colour that will deliver
colour solutions based on end-use properties and
durability at the lowest cost, adds Beck at Americhem,
who notes that in some cases a designer will request a
colour that isnt possible in plastic.
Perhaps these needs could be met by an entrepre-
neurial software application developer working with a
relative newcomer to the colour measurement industry,
Variable. The latter companys Node+Chroma is a
portable, wireless tool for communicating colour that
was originally designed for the consumer space but is
nding application in a wide range of industries. These
include the plastics supply chain from product design-
ers for brands all the way back to compound
and masterbatch producers, says Jonathan
Bragdon, chief business ofcer at
Variable.
The Node+Chroma is a pocket-
sized tristimulus colorimeter that
is integrated with a smart device
possibly a dedicated device,
but more likely the users
smart phone or tablet as
the user interface. The
device extends the
capability of colour
communication to the
front-end, sales side of the
business, explains Bragdon.
The user doesnt need to understand colour science in
order to provide actionable colour information back to
the lab when they see a colour they want to match.
The device is designed to be part of a system that not
only takes a colour reading, but, through a software
application, makes the measurement useable to a wide
audience by correlating it to a specic product library,
for example. Variable is collaborating with application
development companies to design user-friendly apps
and services that meet the needs of specic markets or
t into specic company systems and processes. In
addition to communicating colour in sales and design,
the Node is nding use in manufacturing quality
control. Because it is wireless and easy to
carry, the user can walk through a manufac-
turing area and do spot checks of
colour, says Bragdon. He notes that
the Node wirelessly connects to any
smart device using an API connec-
tion. Bragdon says production of the
device, which began two years ago, has
been rened for consistent quality and is now fully
commercial.
Wireless connectivity is also available on conven-
tional handheld spectrophotometers for quality control.
Last year, X-Rite launched its Ci6x series of handheld
spectrophotometers for greater measurement accuracy
in the production process. The instrument is designed
to provide tighter controls of colour for materials,
in-process parts and nished goods along with an audit
trail to ensure productivity for facilities with multiple
sites, says the company.
The instrument has wireless connection capability
for exibility in transferring colour data from the
production process. The NetProler 3.0 program allows
companies to calibrate to a single centreline standard
and ensure that colour measurements taken through-
out the supply chain are accurate and reliable. By
simplifying and automating an audit trail, brands and
manufacturing plants can monitor compliance at any
facility. X-Rite also introduced the Ci4200 compact
bench-top spectrophotometer, which is compatible with
X-Rite handheld instruments and has an embedded
NetProler program.
Datacolor introduced the Datacolor 45 family of
hand-held spectrophotometers in early 2014 with a
Bluetooth interface for software communication.
Datacolor 45 instruments provide uniform circumferen-
tial illumination for repeatability even on textured
surfaces. Ease-of-use features include a low-prole
measuring head, dual measurement buttons and a
live-navigation user interface. All instruments are
offered with Datacolor Tools colour QC software.
The Datacolor
45 provides
uniform
circumferential
illumination for
repeatability
even on
textured
surfaces
X-Rites Ci6x
spectropho-
tometers
provide greater
measurement
accuracy in the
production
process
Different models are
targeted for specic
workow needs, such as
gloss measurement.
More challenges
Changing material
technologies create further
challenges for colour
measurement and communi-
cation. Special effects, such
as pearlescence or metallic
effects, present a challenge
because colour differs depending on the
viewing angle and lighting. The new, portable
BYK-mac i spectrophotometer measures multi-angle
colour as well as sparkle and graininess for total colour
matching; it also detects and quanties uorescent
light in the visible range, says Anita Fehr, product
manager for colour at BYK-Gardner.
The increasing use of more recycled material in
colour-critical applications has created new challenges
in how to control colour when incorporating recycled
materials that have colour variability, notes Ken Phillips,
market development manager at HunterLab. Business
trends also affect colour-control operations. Consolida-
tion and reductions in workforce make todays operator
a multi-faceted employee with increased responsibilities
in many areas of production, rather than an expert in any
one area of the process. This makes keeping up with the
necessary skills and knowledge difcult, especially in
the area of colour management, which often times
requires a bit of black magic to be successful,
comments Phillips. He adds that this lack of expertise is
further driving the need for automation as a means to
reduce human error and improve consistency and
reliability in the manufacturing process. These
automated solutions for colour QC and colour control
are becoming more widely accepted due to improved
performance, reduced system costs, reduced total costs
of ownership and attractive ROIs, he adds.
On-line colour measurement
Tools for taking the next step to on-line colour measure-
ment and control of the compounding process have
made recent advances. These systems include the
The BYK-mac i
measures
multi-angle
colour as well
as sparkle and
graininess
What we produce
Original C.A.PICARD screw elements, barrels, liners and shafts for almost each
twin screw extruder from diameter 12 - 380 mm. C.A.PICARD process parts
and services for your twin screw extruders.
Our additional performances
Rework- and wear-measurement-service for barrels and liners
Time- and cost-saving dismantling-service for all
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EXTRUDER TECHNOLOGY
www.capicard.com
Headquarters Carl Aug. Picard GmbH, 42857 Remscheid, Germany, Phone: +49 2191 893-0, E-Mail: [email protected]
USA C.A. Picard Inc., Elyria, Ohio 44035, Phone: +1 440 366-5400, E-Mail: [email protected]
Hong Kong C.A. Picard Far East Ltd., Tai Po N.T., Phone: +852 2665-7868, E-Mail: [email protected]
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Equitech system (ColVisTec in Europe) that uses a
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HunterLab, in partnership with Plastore recently
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Automatic colour control
CPAT was originally developed to help plastics
extruders control the ow of colour concentrate from
the feeder into the extruder to automatically adjust for
colour issues associated with variations such as bulk
density and to fully automate the colour control
process, explains Phillips. CPAT consists of a Spec-
traTrend HT (STHT) industrial colour spectrophotometer
The CPAT
system
includes a
spectropho-
tometer and a
colour control
PLC with touch-
screen display
and a closed-loop colour control PLC solution with
touch-screen display designed for industrial factory
oor operation.
The system can also be used for colour monitoring
and control in compound manufacturing. The STHT is
mounted in the process stream for precise colour
monitoring and real-time data collection and analysis of
the colour process. In compounding processes where
recycled material is used as the base, it is often
necessary to use a secondary colorant (typically yellow)
to adjust for swings in the blue range since recycled
material is not controlled very well in terms of colour
consistency, says Phillips. CPAT provides an accurate
self-correcting colour dosing and monitoring system for
this application.
D25NC is a laboratory version of CPAT for colour
analytics, consisting of the SpectraTrend HT mounted
on a sophisticated turntable for one-step sample colour
measurements of compounds. The D25NC is useful in
simplifying and speeding up the lab measurement
process, while considerably improving accuracy and
correlation from the laboratory values to the production
line, says Phillips.
S www.americhem.com
S www.byk.com/instruments
S www.colvistec.de
S www.cyberchromeusa.com
S www.datacolor.com
S www.equitechintl.com
S www.hunterlab.com
S www.plastore.com
S www.roc-gmbh.info
S www.variableinc.com
S www.vinylsiding.org
S www.xrite.com
Equitechs
online colour
measurement
system places
spectrometers
in the melt
stream
Image courtesy of: Clariant
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28-30 October 2014
Maritim Hotel,
Cologne, Germany
International business and technology conference on polyolen
performance and compounding
Media supporter: Organised by:
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Information Ltd.
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Melt ltration | processing feature
Pat Toensmeier reports on the latest melt ltration systems that
have been designed to meet demands for higher outputs, faster
product changeovers and coping with increased contamination levels
Many factors are inuencing the development and use
of screen-changers in applications ranging from
high-output compounding to low-volume specialty
operations. Most of these
factors affect the design of
ltration media, but almost
every aspect of a screen-
changer is being evaluated
and upgraded. The developments are helping to
improve contaminant removal, enhance the efciency
of screen-changing systems and integrate them more
effectively within compounding operations.
The main goal is to make certain a screen-changer is
not the weakest point in a compounding line, comments
one supplier, John Whaley, product manager at Key
Filters, a business unit of Parkinson Technologies.
Systems are being engineered for higher ltration
rates, often by expanding the amount of screening area
exposed to melt without a corresponding increase in
the size of screen-changing units or impediments to
ow. Suppliers tap into a number of techniques for this,
ranging from the shape and size of ltration media to
controls that use melt-ow pressure to initiate purging
and screen changes at optimum levels of contamina-
tion. As a result, compounders are seeing ongoing
improvements in ltration efciency.
Another development relates to compounding volume:
the ever-present need to generate more production while
maintaining energy-efcient operations, and the recent
growth of ultra-high-throughput lines.
The North American shale boom is generating
abundant supplies of low-cost natural gas, which
contributes to a reduction of manufacturing costs in
many parts of the US, notably the Gulf Coast. One effect
of this, observers say, is growth in the expansion or
construction of polyolen compounding lines with
throughputs of as much as 100 tonnes/hour, double
that of established lines. With these higher-volume
lines comes the need for heavy-duty melt-ltration
Catching contaminants with
the latest screen-changers
systems that are effective at such rates.
Another inuence on development is specialty
compounding, which focuses on short runs and
screen-changing systems that work well with rapid
changeovers of resins, additives, colours and other
ingredients.
For many compounders there is a related ltration
concern over the high use of additives in some poly-
mers. Filler levels of up to 85% in some cases put extra
demands on screen-changers to meet ltration
requirements while minimizing dwell times in ow
channels.
Finally, there is recycling, an operation which is
yielding more contaminants than in the past despite
advances in the technology. Greater contamination of
recycling streams stems from broader use of reclaimed
plastics industrial and consumer that not long ago
ended up in landlls.
If anything, the quality of reclaim has been going
down, afrms Monika Gneuss, marketing manager and
vice president of sales at Gneuss Inc., the US division of
Maags
CSC-BFX
screen-changer
uses only two
hydraulic
cylinders to
lter recyclate
processing feature | Melt ltration
German-based Gneuss
Kunststofftechnik. There is better
sorting on one hand, but also more
contamination.
Over the following pages we look at a
range of developments from a selection of
leading melt ltration system suppliers that are
designed to meet these evolving market requirements.
Increasing exposure
Maag highlights three recent developments: the
CSC-BFX, a continuous screen-changer for recycling
with automatic back-ushing; the CSC-R for compound-
ing, which features curved breaker plates and wrap-
around screens for optimum ltration exposure; and the
CSC-R/S retrot version that uses curved breaker plates
to increase screen exposure to melt ow.
Harald Pohl, product manager of polymer ltration,
says that the CSC-BFX provides minimal melt ow
uctuations during the direct extrusion of recyclate into
nished products such as proles and lm. Its patented
design stores melt for back-ushing in an integrated
accumulator under rheologically optimized conditions.
The machine cleans contaminated screen surfaces
with no impact on end-product, Pohl explains. It does
this with only two hydraulic turn-lift cylinders, as
opposed to competitive designs with as many as eight.
He adds that the BFX and other models in the com-
panys new generation of screen-changers are ex-
tremely compact and easy to integrate into existing
extrusion lines, with corresponding cost benets.
Other features of the BFX include: active ltration
areas of 250 to 3,250 cm
2
; adjustable back-ush volume
and pressure for tailored purging via the maaxBFX
controller; an integrated start-up valve and ejection of
start-up melt; optimized ow channel geometry to
shorten dwell time; and easy replacement of fouled
screens.
The CSC-R and retrot CSC-R/S, meanwhile, each
incorporate a pair of hydraulic pistons with the patented
circular breaker plates and wrap-around lters. Maag
says that they provide ltration surfaces that are up to
four times larger than similarly sized competitive
models, and as a result extend screen life. They are
also designed to reduce dwell time, melt
pressure and uctuation rates, as well as
accommodating high throughputs.
Both models use rectangular at screens
that attach to clamping grooves on each
pistons curved screen plate. When a piston
and screen are repositioned in the lter housing after
changeover, the screen cavity is pre-ooded and vented
to eliminate air bubbles from the melt stream. During
the short screen-change process, the other screen
continues to lter polymer.
The CSC-R and CSC-R/S models accept screen
lengths of 160 to 560 mm. The throughput range of the
lters is 1,150 to 19,000 kg/hr.
Screening heavy contamination
Developments from Nordson Kreyenborg include the
V-Type system. Designed for use with most materials,
including highly viscous polymers, the system is
especially effective when recycling and compounding
are combined in one line and the potential for melt
contamination is high.
Stefan Wstmann, head of R&D at the company, says
that in such a two-step process, where melting and
ltering and compounding and pelletizing occur, the
V-Type has advantages that improve the efciency and
economics of its use.
The unit has two screen-bearing pistons, each with
two ltration cavities. During normal production all four
cavities are in use. During the back-ush process or a
screen change, one of the four cavities is temporarily
removed from operation.
Advantages of the screen-changer include the
automatic power back-ush system, which applies high
pressure and consistent volume. This extends screen
life and eliminates operator involvement.
The power back-ush system has four hydraulically-
actuated displacement pistons, one each for the four
nitride steel screens that lter melt. Flow channels and
screen cavities are rheologically optimized for uniform
ow.
When the differential pressure reaches a pre-set
limit, the automatic back-ush begins. One of the
displacement pistons retracts and moves the contami-
nated screen into position for cleaning. This shuts down
the affected ow channel but still leaves 75% of the
total screen area in operation. Part of the ltered melt
is redirected through the rear of the repositioned lter
and compressed in a reservoir to purge it of contami-
nants. The displacement piston ushes the screen with
a fast-forward movement, which forces contaminants
Nordson
Kreyenborgs
V-Type
features an
automatic
power back-
ush to extend
screen life
Wash Systems
Reclaim Extrusion
Self Cleaning Filtration
Pelletizer Systems
www.adgs.net
Reclaim, simplified.
203.255.9444
One central provider for complete systems from scrap to pellet.
Specializing in recycling solutions and machinery for post-consumer
and industrial plastics.
Applied Market
Information Ltd.
International conference on thermoplastic, thermoset and elastomer
foam performance and production technology
POLYMER
FOAM2014
4-6 November 2014
Maritim Hotel, Cologne
Germany
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Kat Langner, Conference Organiser [email protected] Ph: +44 117 924 9442 Fax: +44(0)117 311 1534
Melt ltration | processing feature
into a spillway for expulsion.
Wstmann says that up to 100 back-ushes have
been achieved with the automatic power back-ush
system before a screen change is required. Thus,
screen costs are reduced signicantly, compared with a
screen-changer without a back-ush function, he
adds. A screen change, moreover, can be done during
compounding, eliminating downtime.
The V-Type screen cavities come in diameters of 125 to
340 mm, which yield lter areas of 4 by 122 to 4 by 908 cm
2
.
The screen-changer works well with sensitive
processes, Wstmann notes, and provides a fast return
on investment.
High-volume systems
One specialty that Coperion brings to ltration is the
construction of screen-changing systems for large-
volume compounding. Jrgen Bartl, product manager
for downstream equipment at the company, says that
typical throughputs of these lines start at 6 to 7 tonnes/
hour, with many at 50 to 70 tonnes/hour. The trend
towards ultra-high-volume compounding is producing
lines with capacities of 100 tonnes/hour. Coperion has,
in fact, supplied screen-changing equipment (and
compounding lines) for such lines, and has additional
systems on order.
The ltration units Coperion builds for high-volume
compounding generally use candles, long circular
screens with mesh wrapped around the outer circum-
ference. Candles are up to 20 cm long, while the
standard range of screen ltration measurements is 20
to 325 mesh, with special applications available up to
500 mesh and in multilayer constructions. Each cavity in
Coperions
high-volume
lines use
candles to
increase the
ltration area
POLYMER PROCESSING SYSTEMS
200
+
Years
of Combined Plastics
Industry Experience
[email protected]
www.nordsonpolymerprocessing.com
PPS_AD_June2014_210x148mm_CompoundingWorld.indd 1 08.05.14 13:26
a ltration unit holds multiple candles.
The advantage of the candle, Bartl explains, is its
ability to increase ltration area in a relatively compact
unit. The ltration units achieve surface areas of up to
21,000 cm
2
. A conventional at screen would need to
be three to four times bigger to provide equivalent
ltration area, he says.
Some applications in particular benet from
expanded surface area and the greater ltration
this provides. Wire and cable compounds, for
example, need extremely ne screening to lter out
minute impurities that can damage the insulation
layers of high-voltage cables. At the other end of
the spectrum is recycling, which can introduce a
range of contaminants to a compounding line.
A Coperion screen-changing system for
high-volume compounding typically has two slides
powered by hydraulic cylinders. One slide is on top and
one is on the bottom; each has two cavities. During
processing, melt ow splits and passes through the top
and bottom cavity. When its time to change a screening
element, the cylinder moves the dirty cavity out of
position and replaces it with a clean one in an operation
that only takes 1 to 1.3 seconds, Bartl says, so ow is
essentially uninterrupted.
Controls count
Trendelkamp emphasizes the importance of customer
consultations to optimise the selection and installation
of screen-changers, placing particular emphasis on
control and instrumentation systems.
We continue to work closely with our
customers to help them achieve
versatile screen-changing options that
position them to better capitalize their
compounding line investments, says
Todd Reed, the German companys sales
manager for the Americas.
One area where this pays off is in the
growing use of smart
indicators sensors and
controls that the
company supplies for its ltration
systems. These indicators let
users change the functionality of
their ltration systems based on
their need for more exibility in
compounding, Reed notes.
Trendelkamp has supplied
controls for 20 years, but demand
has been especially strong in recent years,
as compounders broaden the types of materials
they work with, add lines and take on more demanding
polymer compounding applications.
The sensors and controls, which the company
designs and produces itself, are menu driven and
address a number of processing needs. Some, for
example, detect temperature and pressure uctuations
in melt ow and post operator alerts. Others can be
adjusted for changing throughput rates caused by
material tweaks, colour changes or additive loadings.
The purpose is to give compounders a set of controls
linked to processing parameters that optimize the
ltration performance of screen-changers.
The controls are attached to the companys continu-
ous screen-changers. Many compounders initially speci-
fy standalone controls, but as their familiarity with them
grows and process needs change, they can add sensors
and integrate operations into a system-wide application.
Meanwhile, Trendelkamp has added a four-cavity
automatic back-ush screen-changer to its line-up.
The TSK-XRS model, which begins shipping this month,
has two hydraulic cylinders (or bolts), each equipped
with a pair of the companys special lters. These are
rectangular with a slight outward curve toward the melt
ow, which exposes as much of the lters as possible to
the melt and assures a compact unit size.
Reed says that the company has supplied a few
four-cavity screen-changers in the past on a special
basis. The TSK-XRS, however, is Trendelkamps rst
four-cavity production model. The four-screen congu-
ration is designed to reduce shear and pressure drops,
as well as generating low-pressure uctuations during
back-ushing. The model works with almost all
materials, is suitable for use with highly contaminated
melt, and is applicable to compounding, pelletizing and
recycling among other operations.
Key Filters has also been working on controls and
components, notably for its agship KCH line of
Trendelkamps
latest model is
the TSK-XRS,
its rst
production unit
with four
screens
Key Filters
seven KCH
screen-chang-
ers include this
4.5-inch model
for twin-screw
lines
GRAVIMETRIC BLENDING
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BLENDERS ANNUALLY
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time. When a pre-set pressure level is detected
upstream of the lter, the indexing wheel automatically
advances to move a clean disc into place. Filter media
can be purged or, when necessary, easily replaced
owing to the modularity of the screens.
The RSFgenius M is a variant of the RSFgenius line.
The M version is for highly contaminated melt such as
recyclate. The rotary ltration system synchronizes the
hydraulic drive and automatic back-ushing operation
to maintain optimum screen exposure to the melt, while
continuously purging contaminants from sections of the
screen with an integrated piston system. The rotary
design is modular, which facilitates the changing of
screen sections within it.
Another supplier of ltration systems for highly
contaminated melt is ADG Solutions. The company is
the exclusive US importer of the APR Series of ve
automatic self-cleaning ltration systems from Fimic
Ofcine Meccaniche of Italy.
Sandy Guthrie, president of ADG, says compounders
that use low-cost recyclate in commodity formulations can
wind up with heavily contaminated melt. The Fimic APR
Series of ltration systems (sold in the US as ADGS Fimic)
catch contaminants up to 1 inch (25 mm) in diameter, and
work effectively against unmelted plastics, dirt, metal,
wood and textile bres among other materials.
In operation, the system uses an upstream plenum
that moves melt towards and through a circular lter
plate. As contamination builds up, the inlet pressure
reaches a set point on a sensor. When this happens, the
sensor activates a rotating arm mounted at the centre
of the lter. This arm has two interchangeable scrapers,
one on either end. A motorized reducer rotates the arm
so that the scrapers clean away the contaminants,
which are forced to a discharge valve and expelled.
Models range in diameter from 12.5 to 27.5 inches,
and can process melt ows of 1,000 to 7,500 kg/hour
(453 to 3,400 lb/hour). A backow system can also be
installed with customer-supplied screen packs.
Guthrie says that the cost-effective APR systems
handle most materials except PVC and polyethylene
terephthalate. Later this year, however, ADG may offer
ltration systems for these resins.
www.adgs.net
www.coperion.com
www.mic.it
www.gneuss.de
www.psgdover.com/maag
www.nordson-k.com
www.parkinsontechnologies.com
www.trendelkamp.com
Gneuss reports
increased
demand for its
established
KSF for short
runs and
frequent
changeovers
continuous screen-changers. Product manager John
Whaley reports that the screen encoder mechanism,
which regulates lateral movement of the lter, has been
upgraded for improved accuracy. The encoder is now
capable of maintaining screen motion in increments of
0.001 inch (0.025 mm), far ner than anyone will ever
need, he acknowledges, but a good example of what
the company can do with its controls.
Key Filters has also developed an optional bolt-on
screen shear that hydraulically cuts spent screen into
manageable lengths, eliminating the need for an
operator to do this by hand using a saw, and thereby
doing away with a potential safety hazard.
The KCH line is built to order, although there are
seven standard versions, as measured by the width of
the screen thats exposed to melt. These include 3.5,
4.5, 6 and 8 inch versions for single-screw lines, and 3,
4.5 and 6 inch models for twin-screw machines.
Keys most recent development is a design for a 10
inch KCH screen-changer. The company already
supplies a 10 inch screen-changer for an older line, the
KCN, which is still in production.
Something old, something new
Gneuss has seen a jump in sales for a screen-changing
system it debuted in the 1990s, the KSF, and growing
interest in a version it unveiled last October at K 2013,
the RSFgenius M.
The benet of the KSF, according to Monika Gneuss, is
its exibility in dealing with frequent material change-
overs, one hallmark of many low-volume operations.
The KSF is for small runs and quick changeovers,
whether in material or colour, she says. It also works
well with specialty materials such as thermoplastic
elastomers and urethane elastomers. More specialty
compounders want this system now. Weve sold a
number of units in the US in the past 12 months, and are
also seeing surprising demand in Asia and Europe.
The KSF uses a circular, indexing component with
multiple lter discs. Melt ows through one disc at a
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Global outlook | automotive
While the mature automotive
markets of Europe and North
America are recovering, some of the
high growth emerging markets are
now faltering, according to LMC
As the global economy continues its patchy recovery,
world demand for light vehicles is expected to continue
to grow. Sales are expected to be up by around 3% this
year to reach more than 87m units, according to the
latest predictions from industry consultancy LMC
Automotive. However, it says this overall positive growth
masks some disappointing results in certain of the key
and previously high growth emerging markets in South
America and parts of Asia.
The underlying macroeconomic fragilities in some of
these emerging economies have been increasingly
exposed since the US Federal Reserve suggested in
2013 that it may begin tapering off asset purchases
under its quantitative easing programme. In this
weakened context, light vehicle demand has undergone
a period of volatility. This is creating problems for the
global automotive industry and adds a further element
of uncertainty for key players that have invested heavily
in these markets.
Meanwhile, the mature automotive markets, which
have been hit hard during the nancial crisis and
subsequent years, are now showing much rmer
vehicle demand, according to LMC. US automotive
sales, after a brief weather-related interruption in
January and February of this year, have resumed the
upward path that has been in evidence since 2010. West
European markets while still far below their pre-crisis
levels - are also beginning to gain ground. And momen-
tum in China, while not unstoppable, lies at the heart of
gains at the global scale.
While the US, China and Western Europe continue
to be likely sources of expansion in 2014, driving our
outlook for the year, a number of large and previously
dynamic emerging markets have moved from growth to
stagnation, or even outright contraction, says Pete
Kelly, managing director of LMC Automotive.
The outlook for Brazil and Argentina has darkened
over the past year. For Brazil, the inability of the
economy to regain rapid economic growth rates has led
Main image:
Automotive
assembly at
Fiats plant at
Kragujevac in
Serbia.
Western
European car
markets are
recovering but
some emerging
markets have
declined
Patchy outlook for global
automotive markets
automotive | Global outlook
to a stall in vehicle sales. Future expansion will be
delayed. More worryingly, and in the context of weak-
ened markets, a relatively rapid expansion in capacity in
Brazil now appears less justiable. If there is little, or
only modest, demand growth over the coming years,
plant utilisation levels in South America will be well
below desired levels. That will pose a clear threat to
protability in the region, says LMC.
In Brazil, for example, expansions by a number of
vehicle manufacturers - including BMW, Mercedes,
Renault and VW Group - are underway aimed at raising
overall capacity by 1.3 million units by 2016. This may
have made commercial sense 18 months ago, but it may
now contribute to a fall in overall South American plant
utilisation to 63-65% by 2016. Demand risks appear to
be on the downside, so this situation could worsen
further, according to the consultancy group.
Such low levels of utilisation in South America are
consistent with nancial stresses within the industry. It
may well turn out that the drift away from high-income
country automotive manufacturing has created
over-extension in new localised operations close to the
emerging markets that had previously promised so
much, says Jeff Schuster, LMC Automotives senior VP
of forecasting in the Americas.

European recovery
LMC predicts the west European car market will
continue to recover and is predicting full year sales of
around 12.2m units, up by 3.3% on 2013. Germany and
the UK continue to perform well, with the markets of
France and Italy also seeing some growth.
However, If Western Europe is turning the corner,
the same cannot be said in Eastern Europe. Russia
accounted for sales of a little less than 2.6m units in
2013, according to LMC. While the consultancy group
says it is yet to see a real downturn in the country, it
adds that all of the fundamentals point towards a
weaker market this year and for recovery in 2015 to be
on a knife edge. The picture is further complicated by
events in Ukraine, which has already prompted LMC to
downgrade its forecasts by several percentage points.
Sales in Turkey - always subject to a high degree of
volatility - plummeted in March by 30%, underscoring the
effects of the countrys political and economic fragility.
A large decline in the total East European vehicle
market is not expected, but downside risks in certain
countries within the region are clearly rising, says
Carol Thomas, LMC Automotives central and eastern
European analyst.
Chinese sales are continuing to expand rapidly -
sales were up by 10%, year on year in the rst quarter
of 2014 - and, assuming a banking crisis does not
emerge, the countrys automotive market should post
solid growth this year.
However, Indian demand remains fragile. The rapid
expansion in demand that began in the mid-2000s went
into reverse in 2013 as the economy slowed sharply.
There is now little prospect for serious growth in 2014.
In September 2013, LMC Automotive was forecasting
growth of 9.2% but it has since revised this down to
3.1%. Given the political and economic uncertainty, the
speed and timing of a return to vehicle market growth is
subject to a signicant degree of, mostly negative, risk.
The political troubles in Thailand, a country in which
a post-incentive situation is already leading to signi-
cant sales decline, poses a further threat to growth in
Asia, LMC says.
Looking ahead
While LMC says only some of these risks in the
emerging vehicle markets may actually materialise, the
combination of already-reduced baseline expectations
and general instability are of increasing concern.
However, global industry volume remains at record
levels, due in no small part to the expansion in China,
the completion of recovery in the US, and a West
European market showing strong indications of
climbing out of the depths of the worst automotive
recession in living memory.
An expansion in the global light vehicle market of
around 3% this year and that implies sales of over 87
million units is still a reasonable assumption. But the
key issue for some industry players will now be how
reliant they are on some of the riskier markets in the
world, says Kelly.
About LMC Automotive
Part of the LMC Group, LMC Automotive is a provider of
automotive intelligence and forecasts to vehicle makers,
component manufacturers and nancial organisations.
S www.lmc-auto.com
Emerging market light vehicle sales (units) Actual 2013 against 2014 forecast
Source: LMC Group
For more information, please contact Ms Katy Cheng
[email protected] Tel: +44 117 924 9442
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Trends and technical developments in the international ame retardant industry
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Polymers and additives | products
Trinity Resources has introduced a new
antiblock additive for plastic lms. Called
Altiblock, it is produced from the com-
panys pyrophyllite deposit located in
Newfoundland, Canada.
John Hurley, Trinitys president and
chief executive ofcers, says: Talc,
nepheline syenite and DE have been the
incumbent high performance antiblock
minerals in plastic lms for a long
time. The morphology of our Altiblock
combines the best attributes of talc,
nepheline syenite and DE into one product.
Pyrophyllite is a hydrous aluminium
silicate mineral, offering a natural blend
of talc-like platy particles and irregular,
blocky particle shapes. Trinity says that
this provides optimal blocking, clarity,
lm strength, barrier resistance and
improved thermal efciency of the lm.
The minerals properties include: very
low iron content (less than 0.2%); lower
hardness compared to DE and nepheline
syenite; a refractive index close to
nepheline syenite, which has the highest
clarity in the market; and low moisture
content.
Altiblock is available in four sizes 2,
4, 6 and 9 microns with distinct
morphology and particle size distribution
curves. For a talc replacement, Altiblock
D400 can improve block force and clarity,
while for a DE replacement, Altiblock
D900 can improve clarity while being
equivalent in block force, claims Trinity.
www.trinityresources.ca
ANTIBLOCK ADDITIVES
MEDICAL COMPOUNDS
Foster stabilizes medical Pebax
a specially-developed USP VI
compliant stabilizer system.
The company says that its
studies have shown that the
HLS 2533 MED grade exhibits
substantial long-term property
retention compared to a
non-stabilized PEBA medical
grade. After six months of
exposure to multi-source
indoor light, HLS 2533 MED
test samples retained 99% of
their tensile strength; the
non-stabilized PEBA samples
showed severe degradation
and property attrition after just
three months of light exposure.
In a separate study,
samples were exposed to
temperatures of 55C for 32
weeks to simulate ageing for
ve years at 25C. The HLS
stabilized samples retained
99% tensile strength after
the exposure, compared to
78% for the non-stabilized
alternatives.
The HLS stabilizer
system helps maintain
integrity of the base resin by
minimising unanticipated
changes in chemistry and
molecular weight caused
during certain storage
conditions, says Bill Blasius,
manager of R&D and polymer
science at Foster.
www.fostercomp.com
Trinity Resources adds new antiblock
US-based Foster Corporation
has developed two heat- and
light-stabilized medical grade
polyether block amide (PEBA)
copolymers that are claimed to
resist oxidation and degrada-
tion during storage.
Medical grade PEBA
copolymers can degrade over
time when exposed to oxygen,
moisture, heat and UV light,
which can cause a loss of
material performance and
reduced functionality in
medical device components.
The new Foster HLS formula-
tions are manufactured from
medical grade Pebax polymers
(produced by Arkema) and use
Huber
reclaims
llers
Huber Engineered Materials
has introduced ReCal
Platinum calcium carbonate,
which has 50% certied
post-consumer content by
weight, plus 50% post-indus-
trial content.
The light-grey ller is
designed to be used in
building materials to generate
various green building
credits, or in other demanding
applications where certied
post-consumer content is
required. One pilot project
involved recovering calcium
carbonate from a painting
operation and then using it in
a latex carpet backing.
Huber offers two grades
of the additive, which is
produced in a proprietary
re-milling process. ReCal
Platinum 8 and ReCal
Platinum 20 have median
particle sizes of 8 and 20
microns respectively.
www.hubermaterials.com
CALCIUM CARBONATE
products | Polymers and additives
Milliken simplies FDA approval for ClearTint
COLORANTS
Versaex CE 3260 TPE from
PolyOne GLS Thermoplastic
Elastomers has passed ISO
10993-10-2010 testing require-
ments showing no sign of irritation
to skin.
The result should give designers
working on new wearable electronic
products additional condence to
specify the material, the company
says.
Our pro-active work in achieving
compliance for our material helps
leading consumer brands gain a
competitive edge by indicating that
their products are made with
materials tested and approved for
skin sensitivity, says Charles
Page, director of global
marketing for PolyOne GLS
Thermoplastic Elastomers.
The Versaex CE family of
TPEs provide a range of
attractive performance
characteristics including:
silky smooth haptics; strong
chemical and UV light
resistance; and good vibra-
tion-damping qualities.
www.polyone.com
Baerlocher has launched a new series of
low-VOC kickers to reduce organic emissions
and fogging effects from foamed PVC.
The Baerostab KK-432 products are
designed to meet market demands for new
kickers that ensure that the level of azodicarbo-
namide (ADCA) in the nal product does not
exceed the limit of 0.1%. Target applications
include automotive interiors, ooring and
wallpaper.
Baerlocher says that its new low-VOC
kickers will help the industry to meet the
requirements set by REACH and ISO 16000.
www.baerlocher.com
Clariant
controls
foaming
Clariant has developed new
Hydrocerol-based nucleating
masterbatches to improve
the foaming of polystyrene
for insulation materials. They
are designed to assist the
production of thinner,
space-saving boards for the
construction industry.
The new nucleating
masterbatches enable the
foaming of lightweight
polystyrene with signicantly
smaller cell sizes, says
Clariant.
The company claims a cell
size reduction from 200 to 50
microns in direct gassing
applications, and says that
the optimized foam structure
has excellent insulation prop-
erties to meet energy saving
regulations.
www.clariant.com
FOAMED PLASTICS
All ve primaries in Millik-
ens ClearTint polymeric
colorant range have received
FCN approvals from the US
Food and Drug Administra-
tion (FDA), enabling custom-
ers to avoid the wasted
time and addition-
al cost required
to calculate
usage levels and conditions for
non-migration of new
ClearTint colorant blends.
Our ClearTint colorants
were already compliant with
FDA food contact require-
ments and have now
colorants to be used in
repeat-use articles in contact
with infant formula and
housewares used for feeding
infants.
ClearTint colorants are
well suited for use with PP
and HDPE. They are non-nu-
cleating and will not migrate,
says the company. When
combined with Millikens
Millad NX 8000 additive for
PP, ClearTint colorants are
said to provide bright rich
colours without compromis-
ing clarity.
www.milliken.com
THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS
PVC ADDITIVES
Versaex proves irritant-free
Baerlocher kicks out the VOCs
PolyOne GLS is
targeting wearable
electronics with its
Versaex CE TPEs
earned agency approval across
broad conditions of use,
including sterilisation in
boiling water, says Melissa
Copeland, Millikens global
product line manager.
Approval of our primaries will
streamline custom colour
qualications.
The ve primaries received
Food Contact Notication
approval under use
conditions B (boiling water
sterilized) through H (frozen
or refrigerated storage) and J
(microwave cooking). The
approvals now allow ClearTint
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LSR ADDITIVES
Fumed silica adds strength to transparent LSR
Cabot has launched Cab-O-Sil Clarus
3160 fumed silica, a new hydrophilic
product for liquid silicone rubber (LSR)
applications. This new fumed silica is
designed to improve the performance of
clear LSR compounds by providing a high
level of reinforcement without sacricing
transparency, and with minimal discolora-
tion due to ageing.
Target applications include consumer,
medical and lighting products. Cabot
developed the additive to address regional
demand in Asia-Pacic, specically
targeting compounders that prefer high
surface area fumed silica. Clarus 3160
has high structure and surface area,
nominally 400 m
2
/g compared to 300 m
2
/g
for existing products typically used in this
application. This leads to a 10% improve-
ment in transmission, says Cabot.
www.cabotcorp.com
Tosaf adds
four new
antifog
products
Tosaf has expanded its range
of antifog masterbatches for
packaging lms and sheets.
Four new grades all
approved for food contact
have been created for various
polyolens.
AF4953LL is designed for
multi-layer barrier packaging
applications, including lms
with a high amount of
metallocene LLDPE. It
provides very good immedi-
ate as well as prolonged
antifog activity.
The second grade,
AF5979PE was developed for
high clarity barrier lms,
providing superior optical
properties.
Specially tailored for PP
barrier lms, AF2327PP is
claimed to deliver outstand-
ing processability and
excellent activity even after
lamination.
Completing the line-up is
AF6851LL, which is an
efcient antifog solution for
sealing layers containing
polybutene.
www.tosaf.com
POLYOLEFIN ADDITIVES THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
Mineral ller conducts the heat
Silatherm loading of 75% by
weight. In the transverse
direction, the values were at
least 0.9 W/mK with a 65%
loading (the thermal conductiv-
ity of unlled PA is 0.3 W/mK).
According to HPF, the
mechanical properties of the
compounds remain at a very
good level for these high ller
proportions. The company
also says that the price level is
attractive and opens up
commercial opportunities in
applications such as heat
sinks, electronic enclosures
and sensors.
The efciency of Silatherm
is illustrated in the photograph
shortly after areas 3 and 4
were touched simultaneously,
the Silatherm containing area
4 shows a much lower residual
heat due to its improved
thermal conductivity.
www.hpfminerals.com
l Dr Jrg Ulrich Zilles, head
of R&D at HPF, will discuss
these developments in more
detail as part of the conduc-
tive compounds session at
the Compounding World
Forum 2014. More details at
http://bit.ly/CWF14B.
Silatherm is a new thermally
conductive mineral ller from
HPF The Mineral Engineers,
part of the Quarzwerke Group.
The additive dissipates heat
from plastics compounds
without downgrading their
electrical insulating properties.
HPF has been working with
the Leibniz-Institut fr
Polymerforschung in Dresden,
Germany to carry out tests on
polyamide 6 compounds
incorporating the mineral.
Thermal conductivities of up to
2.3 W/mK were achieved in the
injection direction with a
Compounds cool down LEDs
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
Lehman & Voss has devel-
oped a range of thermally
conductive polymer com-
pounds for applications in
LED lamps.
Based on PET and PA6,
they provide thermal conduc-
tivities from 0.6 to 1.5 W/mK.
The grades are electrically
insulating and possess tensile
strength up to 55 MPa and
impact strength to 29 kJ/m
2
.
They also offer UL94 V-0
ame resistance, and provide
good processing characteris-
tics for complex geometries
and thin wall sections.
www.luvocom.com
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DELIVERY DEVICES 2014
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Additive
provides
electronic
shielding
FiberGraf Materials has
launched a new nickel-coat-
ed graphite additive for
providing EMI/RFI shielding
properties in plastics.
The additive is designed to
provide high shielding
effectiveness at lower costs.
It can be compounded at high
loading levels up to 65%
has been achieved. Process-
ing speeds and efciencies
are also improved.
Two new grades are on
offer: GrafMat A280N60 has a
280 micron average particle
size, while the corresponding
gure for GrafMat A90N60 is
90 microns. Both grades
contain 60% nickel by weight
the thin metal coating
completely encapsulates
each particle to create a free
owing powder that be
incorporated into thermo-
plastics and elastomers.
In one application, a TPE
with a 40% additive loading
showed excellent electrical
conductivity even after being
twisted through 180.
FiberGraf says that GrafMat
replaced a mixture of four
other additives in this
compound, boosting
processing efciency and
reducing scrap rates.
FiberGraf claims that its
GrafMat products can offer
substantial cost savings
compared to other nick-
el-coated carbon and
silver-coated additives.
www.bergrafmaterials.com
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
Rowa Lack has introduced
Rowalid Series E pigment
preparations for manufactur-
ing plastisols and plasticiz-
er-based pigment pastes that
are used in the fabrication of
tarpaulins and synthetic
leather. The products
eliminate the need for
complicated dispersion
equipment, such as hopper
mills, three-roll mills or ball
mills. Users can simply stir
the preparation into plasticiz-
ers to obtain high-quality
pigment concentrates that
are claimed to be as good as
commercial plasticizer-based
pigment pastes.
The Rowalid products are
PIGMENTS
Rowa adds pigment preparations
DSM extends Akulon PA6 range
DSM has announced two new
additions to its range of
UV-stabilised glass-bre-
reinforced Akulon PA6 resins
for the production of
paint-free visible structural
automotive components.
Launched at the JSAE
Automotive Engineering Expo
in Yokohama in Japan and
now available globally, the
rst new grade is a 50%
glass-reinforced resin
intended for the production of
exterior mirror bases. It is
said to provide an excellent
surface quality even in
complex moulding applica-
tions.
The second new addition
is 30% glass-reinforced and
is aimed at applications such
as production of gas-assisted
POLYAMIDES
highly concentrated single-pig-
ment preparations incorporat-
ed in a solvent-soluble
copolymer of vinyl chloride.
They can be quickly and
uniformly dispersed in all
media that are compatible with
the copolymer. If the PVC
copolymers are to be pro-
cessed using screw presses,
calenders or mixing mills, it is
recommended that the Rowalid
products are added during
batching. In combination with
the other additives such as
stabilizers, slip agents and
llers they can be intensively
mixed with the PVC powder
using standard plastics mixers.
For direct incorporation in
the PVC paste, the required
quantity of the Rowalid
preparation is slowly added
to the stirred plastisol.
Depending on the stirring
speed, the preparations
binder dissolves relatively
rapidly and the pigment is
very nely dispersed.
For preparation of a
pigment/plasticizer concen-
trate, 25 parts of the Rowalid
preparation are slowly added
with stirring to 75 parts of
plasticiser. The binder of the
preparation dissolves within
about 30 minutes, or after
about 10 minutes if the
plasticiser is heated to 80C.
www.rowa-lack.com
moulded door handles.
The company says that the
two grades were originally
developed for an India-based
automotive system supplier
that wanted to improve the
appearance of unpainted bases
on the external mirrors that it
produces for a Japanese car
maker. The company
developed the resins locally,
utilising its global PA6
knowhow and its Pune,
India-based compounding
operation.
www.dsmep.com
Automotive mirrors are one
of target applications for
DSMs new PA6 compounds
15-17 September 2014
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AGRICULTURAL
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over the next 12 months, please visit www.amiconferences.com
AMIs 9th Fire Resistance in
Plastics conference returns
to Cologne, Germany on
9-11 December. Download
the comprehensive pro-
gramme that covers
changing market demands
plus the latest FR additives
and compounds.
Click here to download Fax back to: +44 (0) 117 311 1534 or Email: [email protected]
Sponsored by: Organised by:
Applied Market
Information Ltd.
POLYMER SOURCING
2013
Trends and technical developments in the international ame retardant industry
Images courtesy of: Istock and Currenta Leverkusen/Martinswerk GmbH
9-11 December 2014
Maritim Hotel,
Cologne, Germany
FIRE RESISTANCE IN
PLASTICS 2014
Media supporter:
SPECIAL OFFER: Save over 200* if you register before 24th October 2014
* + 19% German VAT
Fire Resistance in Plastics
Compounding World
magazine and AMI are
pleased to announce the
impressive speaker line-up
for the second Compounding
World Forum, which takes
place in Philadelphia, PA,
USA on 9-10 December.
Check it out in this brochure.
Click here to download
AMIs international confer-
ence on polymers in medical
devices for parenteral drug
administration is being held
in Philadelphia, PA, USA on
16-17 September. This
brochure has all the details.
Organized by:
Applied Market
Information LLC
SPECIAL OFFER: Save $300 if you register before August 22, 2014
Organized by:
Applied Market Information LLC & Compounding World
The international conference on business strategies and newtechnologies for compounders
Forum 2014
December 9-10, 2014
Sponsored by:
International conference on polymers in medical devices for parenteral drug administration
SPECIAL OFFER: Save $300 if you register before July 18, 2014
Organized by:
Applied Market
Information LLC
The Hilton Philadelphia City Avenue,
POLYMERS IN DRUG
DELIVERY DEVICES 2014
Image courtesy of: Ypsomed
Media supporter:
Compounding World Forum
Polymers in Drug Delivery Devices
This new international
conference on the markets
and properties of polyolen
resins and compounds will
be held on 23-24 September
in Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Download the brochure for
the speaker line-up.
International conference on the markets and properties of
polyolen resins and compounds
SPECIAL OFFER: Save $300 if you register before June 27, 2014
Organized by:
Applied Market
Information LLC
Media supporter:
Hilton Philadelphia City Avenue,
COMPOUNDING & PROCESSING 2012
Pol yol ef i n
Performance 2014
Polyolen Performance
AMIs 10th Wood-Plastic
Composites conference
takes place in Vienna,
Austria on 3-5 November.
Download the programme
which includes a practical
WPC extrusion demonstra-
tion at the factory of
Battenfeld-Cincinnati.
AMIs well-established
conference on polyolen
performance and com-
pounding returns to
Cologne, Germany on 28-30
October. The programme
covers market trends and a
wide range of additives
developments.
Also sponsored by: Media supporters: Organised by:
Applied Market
Information Ltd.
WOOD-PLASTIC
COMPOSITES 2014
The international business conference & exhibition for
the wood-plastic composites industry
3-5 November 2014
Vienna, Austria
HEADLINE SPONSOR
Images courtesy of: Fiberon LLC, Rehau Relazzo, Resysta International GmbH, Beologic
SPECIAL OFFER: Save 150* if you register before 3rd October 2014
*+20% Austrian VAT
Fax back to: +44 (0) 117 311 1534 or Email: [email protected]
Image courtesy of: Clariant * + 19% German VAT
28-30 October 2014
Maritim Hotel,
Cologne, Germany
International business and technology conference on polyolen
performance and compounding
Applied Market
Information Ltd.
PolyolefinAdditives2014
Sponsored by:
Wood-Plastic Composites Polyolen Additives
This months free
brochure downloads
Simply click on the brochure cover or link to download a PDF of the full publication
If you would like your brochure to be included on this page, please contact
Claire Bishop. claire
@
amimagazines.com. Tel: +44 (0)20 8686 8139
Maguire: gravimetric blenders
This interactive product
guide covers Maguires full
range of WSB gravimetric
blenders. It explains how the
blenders operate and
includes technical
specications, key benets,
plus options and
accessories.
ADG/Fimic: lter changer
This brochure from ADG
Solutions features the
self-cleaning lter changer
manufactured by Fimic. The
patented continuous screen
changer allows
uninterrupted processing
when extruding highly
contaminated materials.
Manufactured by
FIMIC_brochure_2 3/7/11 9:42 AM Page 1
KraussMaffei Berstorff: BluePower
KraussMaffei Berstorffs ZE
BluePower twin-screw
extruders have been
designed and engineered to
deliver increased power,
volume and energy
efciency. Download this
brochure to get the full story.
ZE BluePower twin-screw extruders
Boosting power and volume
Engineering Value
Promixon: mixing technology
This eight-page brochure
from Promixon covers the
companys expertise in mixing
plants for plastics and powder
coating. They include
high-speed turbomixers and
high-efciency coolers for a
range of compound and
masterbatch applications.
New Brand Great Experience
C.A. Picard: extruder technology
This new 12-page brochure
from C.A. Picard
International covers its
high-quality replacement
parts for extruders, mixers
and kneading machines. It
also includes its barrel wear
measurement and screw
dismantling services.
EXTRUDER TECHNOLOGY
C.A.PICARD INTERNATIONAL PLATE TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIAL SERVICES
Imerys Graphite & Carbon
This 24-page brochure from
Imerys Graphite & Carbon
covers specialty carbons for
polymer compounds. These
include Ensaco Timcal
carbon black plus Timrex
Timcal graphite, coke and
dispersions.
TIMCAL Graphite
TIMREX
TIMCAL Coke
TIMREX
SPECIALTY CARBONS FOR

POLYMER COMPOUNDS
TIMCAL Carbon Black
ENSACO
TIMCAL Dispersion
TIMREX
Polymers
Head ofce location: Hamburg, Germany
Date founded: 1949 (compounding since 1988)
Management: Volker Scheel (Group CEO)
Ownership: Privately owned (K.D. Feddersen Foundation)
No. of employees: 329 (in compounding)
Sales 2013: 59.9 million (for compounding, consolidated)
Plant locations: Niederzissen and Norderstedt in Germany; Wujiang in China; and Sao Paulo in
Brazil from Q1 2015
Production 2013: 70,000 tonnes
Prole: K.D. Feddersen was initially established as a chemicals distributor. Its
compounding division includes a specialty compounder Akro-Plastic (acquired
in 1988), a masterbatch producer AF-Color and a toll compounder PolyComp
(acquired in 2013). Akro-Plastic started compounding in China in 2004. In 2012,
it opened a second production hall in Niederzissen and plans to expand capacity
from 60,000 to 80,000 tonnes/year by the end of 2014 and then to around 110,000
tonnes over the next ve years. The group is also building a plant in Brazil that is
due on stream in Q1 2015. In addition, K.D. Feddersen owns Feddem, the German
twin-screw extruder manufacturer.
Product line: Akro-Plastic produces technical compounds mainly based on PA primarily for the
automotive and E&E sectors. AF-Color produces a wide range of white, black,
colour and additive masterbatches. PolyComp primarily produces polyolen
compounds for automotive, medical, packaging and pipe applications.
Product strengths: K.D. Feddersen claims to guarantee consistent quality thanks to maintaining the
same grade specications across all its manufacturing locations.
K.D. Feddersen Group
compounder of the month
Forthcoming features
The next issues of Compounding World magazine will have special reports on the following subjects:
August
PVC plasticizers
Functional llers
Dispersants and coupling agents
September
Pigments and colorants
Materials testing
Antioxidants and UV stabilizers
Editorial submissions should be sent to Andy Beevers: [email protected]
For information on advertising in these issues, please contact
Claire Bishop: claire
@
amimagazines.com Tel: +44 (0)20 8686 8139
Take out your own FREE subscriptions to any of the magazines.
Click on the logos below to simply register on-line.
Catch up on our recent
issues for FREE
Simply click on the cover to see the full magazine,
or download the issue in the relevant Apple or Android app
Compounding World - May
The latest edition of Compounding
World looks at new developments in
photoluminescent pigments, and
reviews the latest innovations in
additives for controlling electrical
conductivity. Plus, an essential
update on REACH and the newest
clarier and nucleator products.
Click here to view
Compounding World June
The June edition of
Compounding World explores
accelerated testing of
weathering resistance of
plastics and looks at the latest
developments in PVC
stabilisation and bioplastics
modication. Plus, a review of
the newest developments in
high temperature plastics.
Click here to view
Film and Sheet June
The June issue of Film and
Sheet Extrusion boasts special
features on photovoltaic
applications, ultrasonic sealing,
lm stretching systems,
solventless printing and biaxial
lm technologies.
Click here to view
Injection World July/August
The July edition of Injection
World focuses on packaging
applications, bio-based
plastics, automation systems,
and Europes leading
compounders. Plus there are
reports on the innovative
moulder FKD and the growing
machine maker Haitian.
Click here to view
Pipe and Prole - May/June
The latest edition of Pipe and
Prole Extrusion looks at
developments in corrugated pipe
production technology. It also
reviews some of the latest
innovations in PVC formulation,
prole extrusion dies, and
product monitoring. Plus, expert
tips for improving energy
efciency.
Click here to view
Injection World June
Injection Worlds June issue is
packed with special features on
in-mould labelling technology,
screw design optimisation,
additive manufacturing for
moulds, better temperature
control, plus automotive
markets and applications.
Click here to view
dates for your diary
DONT MISS A SINGLE ISSUE
Register now for your free subscription at:
www.compoundingworld.com
And dont forget to tell your colleagues, customers and suppliers
about the magazine. You can use the e-mail button above
(the
@
symbol in the browser) to help spread the word.
14-16 August Sri Lanka Plast, Colombo, Sri Lanka www.srilankaplast.com
18-22 August Interplast, Joinville, Brazil www.interplast.com.br
3-6 September Indoplas, Jakarta, Indonesia www.indoplas.com
4-6 September Plasti & Pack, Lahore, Pakistan www.plastipacpakistan.com
24-25 September Kunststoffen, Veldhoven, Netherlands www.kunststoffenbeurs.nl
24-27 September Expo Plast, Bucharest, Romania www.expoplast.ro/en
26-30 September Tapei Plas, Taipei, Taiwan www.taipeiplas.com.tw
29 Sept - 3 Oct Plastex, Brno, Czech Republic www.bvv.cz/plastex-gb
30 Sept - 2 Oct Interplas, Birmingham, UK www.britishplasticsshow.com
30 Sept - 3 Oct Equiplast, Barcelona, Spain www.equiplast.com
3-5 October PPP Africa, Nairobi, Kenya www.expogr.com
7-9 October Composites Europe, Dsseldorf, Germany www.composites-europe.com
14-18 October Fakuma, Friedrichshafen, Germany www.fakuma-messe.de
22-24 October Plastex Uzbekistan, Tashkent www.plastex-events.com
28-30 October Plastex Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine www.plastex-events.com
28 Oct - 1 Nov IPF, Makuhari Messe, Tokyo, Japan www.ipfjapan.jp/english
2-5 November Pack Expo, Chicago, IL, USA www.packexpointernational.com
Global exhibition guide
AMI conferences
23-24 September Polyolen Performance, Philadelphia, PA, USA
28-30 October Polyolen Additives, Cologne, Germany
3-5 November Wood-Plastic Composites, Vienna, Austria
4-6 November Polymer Foam, Cologne, Germany
9-10 December Compounding World Forum, Philadelphia, PA, USA
9-11 December Fire Resistance in Plastics, Cologne, Germany
27-29 January Thermoplastic Concentrates, Coral Springs, FL, USA
3-5 March Cables, Cologne, Germany
9-11 March Masterbatch Asia, Singapore
16-18 March PVC Formulation, Cologne, Germany
18-19 March Green Polymer Chemistry, Cologne, Germany
21-23 April Compounding World Congress, Cologne, Germany
For information on all
these events and other
conferences on lm,
sheet, pipe and
packaging applications, see
www.amiplastics.com

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