Final Syllabus of B.arch.
Final Syllabus of B.arch.
Final Syllabus of B.arch.
for
Bachelor of Architecture (B. Arch.)
Offered by
University School of Architecture and Planning
And affiliated institute
Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University
Kashmere Gate, Delhi 110403 [India]
www.ipu.ac.in
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
2
University School of Architecture and Planning (USAP)
The University School of Architecture and Planning (USAP) of the Guru Gobind Singh
Indraprastha University (GGSIPU) was established in 2001 and has been conducting a five
year B.Arch. programme since then. In August 2009, USAP started its own B.Arch. degree
programme at the University campus in addition to conducting the programme for affiliated
institutes. The B.Arch. programme of USAP is its core activity. The school is in the process
of developing Post Graduate and Ph.D. Programmes along with active consultancy and
research.
Academic Programme
The USAP usually commences its academic programme in the month of August every year.
The duration of the B.Arch. programme is 5 years.
Structure of the B.Arch. Programme
The broad objective of the programme is to impart both theoretical knowledge and practical
skills to students to prepare them for a professional career in the field of architecture. Much of
the theoretical knowledge is gained in application and research mode being integrated into
practical / studio and seminar activity based courses. The programme is also designed to meet
the guidelines of the Council of Architecture for B.Arch. degree that meets the eligibility
criteria for registration with the COA as an Architect. The courses are divided into three
broad streams:
Credits
I Year II
Year
III
Year
IV
Year
V Year
1 Practical/Studio core courses* 46 42 36 52 56
2 Theory core courses 10 16 20 8 8
3 Elective courses 8 8 8 4
Total Credits 64 66 64 64 64
* 1 hour of Practical / Studio =1 Credit
Core Courses
Core Courses represent the central learning of the discipline. Considering that architecture is a
synthesizing discipline that integrates many fields of knowledge, emphasis is given to
learning by doing or learning through application. This is reflected in the structure of the
broad stream stated above. The learning of Architectural Design, Building Construction and
Drawing and Communication are principally learned in this mode. Supplementary formal
knowledge about technical aspects of building as well as abstract aspects of architectural
thought that draw upon other related disciplines of humanities and the Arts, are learned in a
theory mode.
Elective Courses
The first four years of the B.Arch. programme devotes some credits in each year to Elective
Courses that enable students to develop specialized skills or broaden their knowledge beyond
the core subjects. These Elective Courses also reflect diverse technical and cultural
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
3
developments of current relevance, and provide access to valuable specialized expertise or
knowledge available with the faculty of the institution or in the city. These courses will be
seminar or practical/studio courses.
Examination Pattern for B. Arch. Programme
i. For Practical Examinations for courses having 8 credits or less than, one External
Examiner for each course will be invited.
ii. For Practical Examinations for courses having above 8 credits, except otherwise
specified, each batch/section of 40 students shall be examined simultaneously by 2
External Examiners owing to the large quantum and variety of practical work produced
by each student.
iii. For Practical Examinations for Course Codes AP-404 (Architectural Thesis) and AP- 403
(Research Paper), each student shall be examined by 2 External Examiners. The
examination may be conducted over two days.
iv. Examination for all Theory courses shall be held at the end of the Academic Session. The
question paper will be for maximum 75 marks and duration of examination shall be 3
hours for each Theory Paper.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
4
First Year Scheme
Course
Code
Course Title
Hours per week
Total
Credits
Total
Hours
per
year
Term I Term II
Studio/Practical
AP - 101 Architectural Design - I 6 6 12 216
AP - 102 Building Construction and Material - I 5 5 10 180
AP - 103 Drawing Communication - I 6 6 12 216
AP - 104
History of Human Settlement &
Vernacular Architecture
2 2 4 72
AP - 105* Model Workshop* 3 3 6 108
AP - 106* Surveying and Leveling* 2 2 36
Theory
AP - 111 Theory of Structures - I 2 2 4 72
AP - 112
Climatology, Environmental Studies
and Landscape
2 2 4 72
AP - 113 Sociology of Architecture 2 2 36
Elective-I (Studio / Practical)
AP - 121 Art & Design Disciplines(s) - I 4 4 8 144
AP - 122 Urban Issues (s) I 4 4 8 144
AP - 123
Construction Technologies & Advance
Sciences(s) I
4 4 8 144
AP - 124
Computer and Information
Technology(s) I
4 4 8 144
AP - 125
Ecology and Sustainable
Developments (s) I
4 4 8 144
AP - 126 Advance Architectural Theories (s) - I 4 4 8 144
Total 30 34 64 1152
Note:
1. * NUES
2. Out of up to six elective courses that may be offered only one course has to be
selected by each student.
3. The One Elective Course selected by each student is to be followed for both terms by
the student.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
5
Second Year Scheme
Course
Code
Course Title
Hours per week
Total
Credits
Total
Hours
per
year
Term I Term II
Studio/Practical
AP - 201 Architectural Design II 10 10 20 360
AP - 202 Building Construction and Material - II 5 5 10 180
AP - 203 Drawing Communication - II 6 6 12 216
Theory
AP - 211 Theory of Structures II 3 3 6 108
AP 212 Water supply and Waste Disposal 2 2 36
AP 213 History of Architecture - I 2 2 4 72
AP 214 Built Environment and Spatial Culture 2 2 36
AP 215 Lighting and Acoustics 2 2 36
Elective-II (Studio/Practical)
AP - 221 Art & Design Disciplines(s) - II 4 4 8 144
AP - 222 Urban Issues (s) - II 4 4 8 144
AP - 223
Construction Technologies & Advance
Sciences(s) - II
4 4 8 144
AP - 224
Computer and Information
Technology(s) - II
4 4 8 144
AP - 225
Ecology and Sustainable Development
(s) - II
4 4 8 144
AP - 226
Advance Architectural Theories (s)
II
4 4 8 144
Total 34 32 66 1188
Note:
1. Out of up to six elective courses that may be offered only one course has to be
selected by each student.
2. The One Elective Course selected by each student is to be followed for both terms by
the student.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
6
Third Year Scheme
Course
Code
Course Title
Hours per week
Total
Credits
Total
Hours
per
year
Term I Term II
Studio/Practical
AP - 301 Architectural Design - III 10 10 20 360
AP - 302 Building Construction and Material - III 6 6 12 216
AP - 303 Theory of Architecture 2 2 4 72
Theory
AP - 311 Theory of Structure - III 4 4 8 144
AP - 312 Energy Systems & Fire Safety 2 0 2 36
AP - 313 History of Architecture-II 2 2 4 72
AP - 314
Quantities, Specification, Estimation and
Contract Management
2 2 4 72
AP - 315 Communication and HVAC 0 2 2 36
Elective-III (Studio/Practical)
AP - 321 Art & Design Disciplines (s) III 4 4 8 144
AP - 322 Urban Issues (s) III 4 4 8 144
AP - 323
Construction Technologies & Advance
Sciences (s) III
4 4 8 144
AP - 324
Computer and Information Technology
(s) III
4 4 8 144
AP - 325
Ecology and Sustainable Development
III
4 4 8 144
AP - 326 Advance Architectural Theory (s) III 4 4 8 144
Total 32 32 64 1152
Note:
1. Out of up to six elective courses that may be offered only one course has to be
selected by each student.
2. The One Elective Course selected by each student is to be followed for both terms by
the student.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
7
Fourth Year Scheme
Course
Code
Course Title
Hours per week
Total
Credits
Total
Hours
per
year
Term I Term II
Studio/Practical
AP - 401 Architectural Design - IV 10 10 180
AP - 402 Building Construction and Material - IV 6 6 108
AP - 403 Research Paper 8 8 144
AP - 404 Architectural Thesis 28 28 504
Theory
AP - 411 Theory of Structure IV 2 2 36
AP - 412 Town Planning 2 2 36
AP - 413 Professional Practice - I 4 4 72
Elective-IV**(Studio/Practical)
AP - 421 Art & Design Disciplines(s) - IV 4 4 72
AP - 422 Urban Issues (s) IV 4 4 72
AP - 423
Construction Technologies & Advance
Sciences(s) IV
4 4
72
AP - 424
Computer and Information
Technology(s) IV
4 4
72
AP - 425
Ecology and Sustainable Development
IV
4 4
72
AP - 426 Advance Architectural Theory (s) IV 4 4 72
Total 32 32 64 1152
Note:
1. Out of up to six elective courses offered only one has to be selected by each student.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
8
Fifth Year Scheme
Course
Code
Course Title
Hours per week
Total
Credits
Total
Hours
per
year
Term I Term II
Studio/Practical
AP - 501 Practical Training 28 28 56 1008
Theory
AP - 502
Professional Practice-II ( Online
Course)
4 4 8
Total 32 32 64 1152
Note:
1) Total number of credits in B. Arch. programme = 322
2) The Minimum number of credits to be earned for the award of B.Arch. degree =
322
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
9
Course Code : AP-101
Course Title : Architectural Design - I
Year : First Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L :0 S: 6
per year : L :0 S: 216
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 12
Objective:
Architectural Design is seen as a central discipline of the B.Arch programme. The focus of
this programme is to develop skills of design while engaging with pragmatic and speculative
propositions about the making of the built environment. The studio is an arena where
knowledge gained in the technologies, humanities and professional streams of the programme
is synthesized into built environment solutions through the act of design with the exercise of
the creative imagination of the designer.
The learning of Architectural Design is seen as a cumulative process with a spiral structure of
development where it is used as a base for increasing the depth and breadth of knowledge and
development of skills in the following year. The range of design exercises will therefore move
progressively from exercises with a relatively limited scope and size of the individual
component or small shelter toward the complexity and scale of city so that the student
experiences the range of complexities that characterizes the Indian habitat.
The studio design exercises are intended to develop a students subjective abilities in the
appreciation and creation of architectural form and the crafting of built objects, to consciously
deploy processes and methodologies of design in response to varied design tasks and to
develop a capability in deploying established and innovative design strategies. The iterative
process of designing will also be used to develop verbal and graphic communication skills
using a range of techniques and tools for representation such as hand drawn drawings,
computer graphics and scale models, for presentation of design ideas and solutions.
Design exercises shall be devised by the course faculty acknowledging and building upon -
the cultural and intellectual assets of the student, opportunities offered by local environments,
theoretical and philosophical issues thought to be relevant, and the knowledge gained by
previous and parallel courses. The design work will be supplemented by research, discussion
and lectures arranged during studio hours to assimilate a rich reference store of the culture of
design. There may be several short and discreet exercises within an overall semester
programme.
The design exercises and the studio programme for the semester, stating the learning
outcomes and evaluation stages, shall be set well in advance in consultation with the course
coordinator. The exercises may be designed in part requiring group work; however the intent
shall be of developing and evaluating design capability for each individual student.
Study Tour: A study tour will be conducted at least once in a year. The educational tasks of
the trip will be assessed as part of the studio work of Architectural Design upto 15 days.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
10
Syllabus:
Term - 1
Design exercises for subjective experience of the fundamental architectural elements of space
and objects and to learn the vocabulary to describe and discuss these elements. Application of
these elements to the analysis and making of a single building using, say, sequential
traditional construction; exploration of the visual articulation of construction assemblies and
learning of the terminology to describe building parts; understanding built objects in relation
to the human body, human scale and sensory perception.
Term - 2
Design exercises to-explore and manipulate organizational pattern for small multi-cellular
buildings with defined function, as a response to the physical characteristics of a site and
environmental settings, supported by methods of observation, recording, and interpretation of
physical environments; pursuit of design intent through iterative modulation of form and
arrangement; complete three dimensional visualization and testing with three dimensional
tools to achieve complete formal resolution.
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Ching, F.D.K.; Architecture Form, Space and Order, Van Nostrand Reinhold Staff, New
York, 1996
2. Rudofsky, Bernard; Architecture without Architects, University of New Mexico Press,
New Mexico
3. Rasmussen, Steen Eiler; Experiencing Architecture, The MIT Press, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, 1977
4. Watson, Donald / Crosbie,Michael J .; Time Savers Standards for Architectural Design,
Mc Graw Hill, New York, 2005
5. Chiara, J oseph De / Crosbie, Michael J .; Time Savers Standards for Building Type, Mc
Graw Professional Publishing, New York, 1973
6. Harris, Charles W. / Dines, Nicholas T.; Time Savers Standards for Landscape
Architecture, Mc Graw Hill, USA, 1998
7. Chiara, J oseph De / Panero, J ulius / Zelink Martin; Time Savers Standards for Interior
design and Space Planning, Mc Graw Hill, New York, 2001
8. Gideon, Siegfried; Space, time & Architecture, Harvard University Press
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
11
Course Code : AP-102
Course Title : Building Construction and Material - I
Year : First Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L: 0 S: 5
per year : L: 0 S: 180
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 10
Objective:
This course is designed to expose students to obtain a technical understanding of the process
of building construction, the components of buildings and the materials, skill and equipment
used in shaping them. The emphasis is on familiarization by direct observation. Students shall
be encouraged to acquire a taste for good workmanship and quality and to develop a
capability to use this understanding as an integral aspect of architectural expression.
In parallel the course will teach the systems and standards for making construction drawings
for formal as well as informal construction trades.
The Course has been envisaged as a spiral of knowledge through progressive complexity of
instructions.
To understand the basic principles of building construction taking into cognizance the simple
elements and components used commonly in buildings of ordinary complexity. It will also
entail learning to prepare building construction drawings using standard notations and
systems. It is recommended that the complete assembly of a simple building from foundations
to roofing is studied and represented by drawing/ model to understand the sequence and logic
of all components.
Materials:
The aim is to understand commonly used building materials and their general use in the
building industry. Impact of using building materials on our environment and ecology. The
course also intends to introduce the student to basic techniques of extraction and processing of
the materials for building industry.
Syllabus:
Term - 1
Construction Process and Components
Sub-structure: Foundations, plinth
Superstructure:
Masonry & masonry work techniques
corbelled, arched and opening with Lintels
roofing & terracing
External Wall Section
Materials:
Brick; Stone; Lime; Cement;
Mortars; Introduction to Concrete;
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
12
Term -2
J oinery methods in simple wood work
Doors & Windows
Staircase and its details
Protecting the building from the natural elements.
Commonly used tools in simple construction
Materials:
Timber and wood based products;
Steel, Iron, Brass, copper, Bronze
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Barry, R. Construction of Buildings, East West Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1999
2. Mckay, W.B.; Building Construction (Vol. I, II, III & IV), Orient Longman, London,
1988
3. Allen, Edward., Fundamentals of Building Construction : Materials and Methods, J ohn
Wiely & Sons, New York, 1999
4. Punamia B.C., Building Construction, Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd, New Delhi, 1993
5. Chudley, R.; Building Construction Handbook, Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford, 1988
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
13
Course Code : AP-103
Course Title : Drawing Communication - I
Year : First Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L: 0 S: 6
per year : L: 0 S: 216
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 12
Objective:
The process of design requires varied techniques of visualization and representation to aid
design development. These may be in two, three or four dimensions using physical media
with hand sketching, mechanical drawing and making models or virtual representation using
computer software and audio visual media. This aspect is addressed under the title of Art &
Graphics. In architectural practice the precise and communicative representations of designed
objects follows certain conventions of representation and also employ graphic techniques to
express soft aspects of design. This aspect is addressed under the title Architectural
Drawing. The primary objective of this course is the development of these skills. The two
subcomponents of the course: Art & Graphics & Architectural Drawing are not mutually
exclusive and are fruitfully synthesized.
These skills also provide techniques of sensitizing and catalyzing the designers imagination
and subjective expression in the use of form and image. In this respect the course overlaps
with the Design Studio course and may be seen as a complementary and symbiotic set of
exercises for development of designing abilities and design presentation skills.
Syllabus:
Term -1
Art & Graphics
Iterative exercises for development of dexterity and applied techniques to achieve fluency of
eye-mind-hand representation and expression. Perception and representation free hand
drawing and coloring using a variety of media. Ideation and translation hand skills such
as cutting, drawing, painting, stitching to explore form, colour, texture, and image as means of
expression.
Architectural Drawing:
Freehand and instrument based drawing appropriate to architectural applications,
Orthographic projections, axonometric three dimensional views, rendering techniques in
different media.
Term -2
Art & Graphics
Extension of dexterity for representation and abstract interpretation, with additional media
such as collage, photomontage, printing, stencils.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
14
Architectural Drawing:
Isometric and oblique three dimensional views, perspectives. Rendering for sciography, tones,
texture, colors, and light.
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Gill, Robert W.; Manual of Rendering with Pen and Ink, Thames and Hudson, London,
1997
2. J axThemier, B.W., How to Paint and Draw, Thames and Hudson, 1985.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
15
Course Code : AP-104
Course Title : History of Human Settlement and Vernacular
Architecture
Year : First Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L: 0 S: 2
per year : L: 0 S: 72
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 4
Objectives:
This Course, for the first year architecture students, is to be viewed & taught from an
architects perspective in order to familiarize the student with basic concepts & theories of
human settlements, as relevant to architecture at the foundation level, to introduce the key
issues in historical and contemporary examples and develop a vocabulary for
discussions/analysis. It shall also introduce significant architectural products of the habitats
which are being studied.
This course is also perceived as the prelude to the history of architecture course as well as
the humanities (sociology & psychology) course that follow in the subsequent terms of the
program.
The syllabus has been dealt with the premise that all civilizations evolved a central thought,
which was shaped by individual beliefs & local factors. The course, covering prehistoric age
and early civilizations, attempts at sensitizing the students to view architecture as one of the
many products of the civilization. The emphasis is on the understanding of conceptual basis
rather than specific & complex questions of the architecture. The focus of the discussions is
on the nature & essence of the architectural product.
To recognize the Human Habitat through Natural & Human-made environment.
To understand the Human Civilization through Human Settlements (rural & urban).
To appropriate the role of Architecture in Human Settlements.
To realize Time & Place through History & Vernacular in Settlements & Architecture.
To appreciate the conflicts & coexistences within the human-made environment.
Syllabus:
1) Settlement Level: Prehistoric, Paleolithic, Neolithic times; Nomadic, Pastoral,
Agrarian systems.
1.1) Significant markers: Cave Dwellings in Europe: Lascaux, Chapelle-Aux-Saints; Terra
Amata, Skara Brae, Compositions such as StoneHenge; First Settlements like J ericho,
Catal Huyuk.
2) Settlement Level: River Valley & Maritime civilizations and other evolutions;
Agrarian & Mercantile systems.
2.1) Significant markers: Egypt : Mastabas, Pyramids at Saqqara, Medun and Giza,
Mortuary & Cult Temples at Luxor and Karnak. Mesopotamia: the Sumerians,
Babylonians, Assyrians and the Persians, the Ziggurats at Ur, Choga Zanbil, etc.; the
cities of Ur, Babylon, Khorsabad and Persipolis. China: Dynasties such as the Shang,
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
16
Chou, Ch'in, Ming, etc.; palaces like the Imperial Palace, forbidden city. South
America: theMayas, Aztecs and the Incas, Pyramid Temples at Cuicuilco, Palenque;
Pyramid of the Sun, Teotihuacan; Tikal; Tenochtitlan, Chichen Itza and Machu Pichu.
INDIA: Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilization : Town Planning, Trade and
Commerce; Mohenjodaro and Harappa.
3) Settlement Level: Classical & Medieval evolutions; effects of wars, trade,
religions, conquests, colonization & political systems
3.1) Significant Markers : INDIA - Early Iron Age Civilisation : the coming of the Aryans
and Vedic Age; Epic Age; development of Hinduism, Religious and Caste systems,
Wooden Origins of Indian Architecture: Forest Dwellings, Kutiya and Grama.
Beginning of Buddhist and J ain Architecture; philosophy and teachings; the Hinayana
and Mahayana Sects and their contribution to the development of architecture in India.
Ashokan School, Buddhist Rock Cut Architecture: the Chaityas and Viharas at Ajanta
and Ellora; the Stupa: Form and Evolution; Buddhist Architecture in Gahdhara.
GREECE - Early Iron Age Civilisations : Minoan, Myceanean and Classical Greek
Minoan and Mycenean: Palace at Knosos, the Lion Gate, the appearance of the
Megaron.
Classical Greek: Developments in philosophy: Socrates, Aristotle, Plato; Greek City
states Athens, Delphi, Sparta; Evolution of the Temple; the Orders; the Parthenon.
ROME - Political, social, philosphical and military developments. Structural and
Engineering Acievements: the arch, Vault and the dome; Temples: Pantheon; Arenas:
Colloseum; Therma: Caracalla; Aqueducts; the forum and the basillica
4) Settlement Level : Medieval & Later evolutions (Renaissance) ; effects of wars,
trade, religions, conquests, colonization & political systems
5) Settlement Level : The impact of Industrial & Global impositions; Technology &
Information.
6) Primitive, Traditional, Vernacular practices; Techniques & Material.
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Brown, Percy; Indian Architecture: Buddhist & Hindu Period, D. B. Faraporevela Sons &
Co. Ltd., Bombay, 1959
2. Kostof, Spiro; History of Architecture, Oxford University Press, New York, 1995
3. Raeburn, Michael; Architecture of the Western World, Popular Press, England, 1988
4. Fletcher, Banister; History of Architecture, CBS Publishers, Delhi, 1992
5. Rapoport, Amos, Human Aspects of Urban Form, Pergammon Press, New York, 1977
6. Shukla, D.N.; Vastu Shastra, Munshiram Mohanlal, New Delhi, 1993
7. Alexander, Christopher; A Pattern Language, Oxford University Press, New York, 1977
8. Alexander, Christopher; The Timeless Way of Building, Oxford University Press, New
York, 1979
9. Lynch, Kevin; The Image of the City, J oint Centre Publication, USA, 1960
10. Eisner, Simon & Gallion, Arthur B.; The Urban Pattern, Van Nostrand Reinhold
Company, New York, 1969
11. Tadgell, Christopher.; The History of Architecture in India, Phaidon Press, London, 1990
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
17
Course Code : AP-105
Course Title : Model Workshop
Year : First Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L: 0 S: 3
per year : L: 0 S: 108
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 6
Objective:
This course is aimed at imparting basic skills necessary for making architectural solid 3D
models of objects while inculcating values of good craftsmanship. This course shall also
familiarize students with the technical skills involved in building trade in construction of
buildings. The course is to be conducted at workshop on campus under the supervision the
workshop coordinator.
Syllabus:
Term -1
Preparation of model using material like:
Paper, wood, plastic and others
Making of models as per design in various scales
Term - 2
Basic construction skills: Exercise in handling of building materials, demonstration and
moulding carpentry and joinery, sheet metal, steel welding and forging, assembly of
components and laminating.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
18
Course Code : AP-106
Course Title : Surveying and Leveling
Year : First Year / Term II
Contact Hours per week : L: 0 S: 2
per year : L: 0 S: 36
No of teaching weeks : 18
Credit : 2
Objective:
Tools and equipment for land surveying. Interpretation and preparation of contour maps.
Exercises in setting out of building works. Lectures and practical exercises involving
fieldwork and working with survey equipments. Some old methods and techniques of
surveying that are no longer used may only be conceptually understood. Effort may be made
to introduce latest developments in common practice.
Syllabus:
Introduction: Introduction to surveying, understanding land topography, and its relevance in
Architecture. Types of surveys. Introduction to main surveying equipments
Chain Surveying: Equipments required, selection of stations, method of taking offsets,
recording measurements in survey field books, obstacles in chain surveying, chaining on
sloping ground.
Compass Surveying: The Prismatic compass, its construction and uses. Reduced and whole
circle bearings, effect of local attraction, compass traversing and balancing of closing error.
Plane Table Survey: Introduction to basic principles and instruments used in Plane Table
surveys. Simple exercises on Plane Table survey
Leveling: Different types of levels, leveling staff, fixing bench marks and recording levels,
methods of leveling, Rise and fall method, Height of Instrument method, finding Reduced
levels, Fly leveling, L-sections and cross sections along an alignment.
Theodolite Surveying : Introduction to use of Theodolite in surveying.
Contour Surveying: Definition of contours, Characteristics of contour lines, methods of
contour surveying, Direct and indirect methods of contouring and interpretation contour
maps.
Setting out of Building works: Exercises on setting out of Building works.
Introduction to modern surveying instruments/Techniques : like Total Station, etc.
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Surveying and leveling (Vol. 1) by R.N. Arora; Standard Book House, Post Box No.
1074, Delhi -11006
2. Surveying and leveling by T.P.Kanetkar and Kulkarni, Standard Publishers
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
19
Course Code : AP-111
Course Title : Theory of Structures - I
Year : First Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L: 2 S: 0
per year : L: 72 S: 0
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 4
Objectives:
The objective of this course is to develop a feel for structural principles as they relate a
building design, to enable him to make an informed choice regarding the most appropriate
structural system for this building and to develop a reasonable understanding of its
operational and economic implications
Syllabus:
Unit - 1
Center of gravity: Definition, Calculation of CG of plane figures, like I,T,L,C,O, hallow &
Box sections.
Moment of inertia (MOI): Definition, calculation of CG & MOI of plane figures about the
principal axes e.g. rectangle, triangle & circle. Parallel axes theorem, perpendicular axes
theorem.
Introduction to Statics: Forces, their definition, characteristics & types, composition &
resolution of forces, moment & couple, Concepts of resultant and equilibrium of forces:
Parallelogram and polygon, laws of forces, conditions of equilibrium, Lami's theorem
Unit - 2
Stress & Strain, Hooke's law: Concept of direct forces (compression & tension), Elasticity,
Plasticity etc. Hooke's law, modulus of Elasticity, Elastic limit stress/ strain curve for mild
steel under constant tension. Problems on Hooke's law & introduction to temperature stresses
Concept of Euler's load & Buckling of compression members: Idea of short & long
columns. Effective length for various end conditions. Euler's formula and calculation of
buckling loads
Unit - 3
Support Reactions: Statically determinate and indeterminate systems, Degrees of freedom,
free body diagrams. Types of supports, Introduction to simple, hinged, roller and fixed
supports. To determine the Support Reactions for a simply supported, roller supported &
hinged beams for UDL, Concentrated loads, triangular, & trapezoidal loads.
Introduction to simple determinate frames: Method of J oints, Method of Sections
Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams (SFD & BMD): Definitions of SFD &
BMD, standard sign conventions for SFD & BMD. Drawing SFD & BMD for simply
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
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supported, cantilevered & overhanging beams for various loads like UDL and Concentrated
loads simple cases only. Concept of locations for max BM
Concept of Eccentric loads: Calculation of combined Direct & Bending stresses and
drawing of net stress diagrams
Unit-4
Introduction to Basic Concepts in Structural Design, the students are to be introduced
about the concepts of structural concepts to be studied in detail in the subsequent years
List of important Basic Indian Standards related to Structural Design viz loading
standards, Basic Indian standards on RCC, Steel and Timber design. (Primarily listing only,
Detailed description not needed).
Introduction to Basic structural materials viz Timber, Steel, Bricks, and Concrete; their
basic properties and their relative merits, demerits and suitability in structures
Concepts of forces as loads: Dead loads, live, loads, Horizontal loads like Earthquake &
wind load
Structural components of a Building and their functions: Concept of load bearing
distribution on structural components like Slabs, Beams, Columns & Foundations
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Khurmi, R.S.; Strength of Materials, S. Chand & Company, New Delhi, 2001
2. Ramamrutham, S.; Strength of Materials, Dhanpat Rai Publication, New Delhi, 1998.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
21
Course Code : AP-112
Course Title : Climatology, Environmental Studies and
Landscape
Year : First Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L: 2 S: 0
per year : L: 72 S: 0
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 4
Objectives:
This course provides a background on issues of the built environment related to
environmental sustainability. The systematic relationships between buildings and settlements
with natural ecosystems and natural resources are sought to be understood.
The course also introduces the modern science of Climatology in the context of climate and
weather as determinants of design and form of habitat and landscape through the ages at the
macro and micro levels with an emphasis on application of knowledge to building design.
Syllabus:
Unit - 1
Historical Background: Club of Rome, Limits of Growth, The Brundtland Report (UN), An
Inconvenient Truth; these texts are to be read to understand the history of environmental
degradation and the concepts that underlie a strategy towards sustainable habitat. The
Changing Climate, Factors Responsible for Change, Global Warming, Ozone Depletion, etc.
Interrelation between natural and built environment: An Overview
Mapping the ecology of settlements and buildings
Water and Waste cycles; energy demand for production, transportation, construction and
operation of buildings; material consumption and natural resources
Water: conservation, harvesting, recycling.
Waste: minimizing, recycling, eliminate toxicity and management.
Energy: conservation, renewable sources: wind, solar, geo-thermal, bio-fuels.
Materials: minimizing, recycling, reducing energy content, life-cycle cost.
Unit-2
Concept of Sustainable development, Case Studies of traditional / vernacular buildings and
settlements demonstrating relationship between climate, local material resources and
settlement/ building forms
The natural or landscape environment as an aspect of deliberate design. Case study
illustrating traditional concepts of garden, park, relationship with river, lakes, drawn from
different cultures. Analysis of contemporary city (case-study) and its challenges of
environmental sustainability- Energy, water, waste, air quality, transportation vis--vis the
integration of open space, water bodies and other natural systems into city form.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
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December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
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Unit-3
a) Introduction to Climatology, Relation to Architecture, Macro and Micro Climate,
Climatic Zones. Climatic data- parameters- relevance to design of built environment.
Describing climate-climate summary chart, solar geometry- sun path diagram, heating
and cooling periods. Psychrometric charts.
b) Thermal Comfort: Factors and Balance, Body's Mechanism of Heat Production and Loss,
Methods of Heat Transfer, Comfort Scale, Effective Temperature, operative temperature,
CET, Adaptive comfort.
c) Heat transfer in Buildings: Sol Air Temperature, Solar Gain Factor, Thermal Quantities:
Temperature, Heat, Heat Flow Rate Specific Heat, Conductance, Resistance, Surface
Conductance, U value, Periodic Heat Flow, Time Lag & decrement factor, Effect of
Different Materials, Effect of Multilayered Bodies - Insulation/Cavity (Ecotect software
may be used). Ventilation: Principles of Ventilation in Buildings.
Unit-4
Architectural Design as a Response to Climate: Tool for Design in All climatic Conditions of
India- Microclimatic Factors:
Landform, topography, vegetation type and pattern, water bodies, street widths and
orientation, ground character.
Plan form and elements, building orientation, roof form, fenestration pattern, orientation and
configuration, controls like shading devices, design of shading devices using available
softwares.
Walls, choice of materials, roof materials, external colours and textures, layouts and internal
finishes. (Ecotect and sketch up software may be used).
Solar Passive Heating and Cooling Systems, roof pond, trombe wall, green house, air flow,
stack effect, wind tower, earth air tunnel.
Examples of Vernacular architecture of different climatic zones may be used to illustrate the
above design processes.
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Koenigsberger, Q. H. (et. al.); Manual of Tropical Housing & Building, Orient Longman,
Madras, 1988
2. Arvind Krishan, Climate Responsive Architecture, Tata McGraw- Hill Publishing
Company Limited New Delhi, 2001.
3. Harris, Charles W. / Dines, Nicholas T.; Time Savers Standards for Landscape
Architecture, Mc Graw Hill, USA, 1998
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
23
Course Code : AP-113
Course Title : Sociology of Architecture
Year : First Year / Term II
Contact Hours per week : L: 2 S: 0
per year : L: 36 S: 0
No of teaching weeks : 18
Credit : 2
Objectives:
This course aims to expose the students to the relationship between man and his larger
environment, with special emphasis on aspects that are likely to affect intervention in or
creation of, the built environment (predominantly urban) and to develop a language and
vocabulary for discussions/ analysis on the sociological/ psychological dimensions of
architecture.
Syllabus:
Unit-1
a) What is sociology,
Relation between sociology and architecture,
classical and modern sociology of architecture,
Role of architects in modern society
b) Concept of society and its types rural and urban
Social Institutions family, educational institutions, religion
Social interaction verbal and non-verbal
Sociology of space and built environment, sociology of artifacts
Requirement for space for various social activities
Utilization of space in rural and urban areas
Unit-2
a) Concept of culture and its elements - material and non-material culture
Material culture- buildings, artefacts, etc.
Non-material - Folkways, Norms, Mores, Values, Laws
Culture as adaptive screen between environment and man
Cultural Identity, Cultural Diversity, Cultural relativism, Ethnocentrism, Cultural
universals
b) Social and cultural change,
Factors of Social Change, discovery and invention, culture diffusions, ideas &
ideologies, collective action, technology
Resistance to Social Change, Theory of Cultural lag, Technology & Social change
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Giddens, Anthony, Sociology, Polity Press, Cambridge (UK), 2006
2. Porteous, J ohn Douglas; Environment Behaviour: Planning and Everyday Urban Life,
Addison Wesley, 1977
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
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December 2011 and
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w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
24
3. Hall, T. Edward, The Hidden dimension, Anchor books edition, USA, 1969
4. Rapoport, Amos, Human Aspects of Urban Form, Pergammon Press, New York, 1977
5. Lynch, Kevin; The Image of the City, J oint Centre Publication, USA, 1960
6. Guy Ankerl, Experimental Sociology of Architecture. A Guide to Theory, Research and
Literature, Mouton de Gruyter Publ. (The Hague, Paris, New York)549 p. 1983 ISBN 90-
279-3440-1 (paper) Hardcover ISBN 90-279-3219-0.
7. Anthony D. King (ed.), Buildings and Society: Essays on the Social Development of the
Built Environment, London 1980
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
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December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
25
Course Title : Elective - I
Year : First Year/ Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L: 0 S: 4
per year : L: 0 S: 144
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 8
Max. No. of Electives offered per year : 6
Minimum No. of students per course : 10
Objective:
The objective of this course is to offer opportunities in specialized or advance learning in
subjects covering emerging areas of concern to Architecture. The courses will generally be
conducted in the seminar/studio mode to encourage research, exploration and skills
developments. The subject groups listed below give an indication of the breath and specificity
of subjects. The course contents to be followed will be developed by course teachers based on
the resources at hand and opportunities for cross fertilization with other courses.
This electives programme will be developed to offer a maximum of six subjects choices to
which students of the 1
st
year can choose, subject to time table. The subjects would be based
on the following suggested groups:
AP - 121: The Arts & Design Disciplines (s) I
AP - 122: Urban Issues (s) I
AP - 123: Construction Technologies & Advance Sciences (s) I
AP - 124: Computers & Information Technology (s) I
AP - 125: Ecology & Sustainable Development (s) I
AP - 126: Advance Architectural Theories (s) I
Note: Concerned Faculty of each elective should develop a weekly programme for the course
for each term for presenting it to the students.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
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December 2011 and
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w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
26
Course Code: AP 121
Course Title: Art & Design Disciplines (s) I
Objective:
The course is to introduce and explore various modes of expression and communication of
creative idea, other than architecture proper. This may include textual, graphic and
performing mediums of various natures as complements to learning of architecture. The
course also underlines the interconnections across various design oriented disciplines and
explores the alternative modes of expression of the same idea.
The course would have short exercises and assignments for assimilation of skills and brining
together the knowledge learn to the drafting table . To think out of the box and to move
away from various preconceived notions.
Syllabus:
To engage in personal inquiry, action and reflection on specific topics and issues
To focus on and demonstrate an understanding of the areas of interaction.
To reflect on learning and share knowledge, view and opinion. To develop the ability to
appraise work and evaluate performance realistically, and using this evaluation to
improve and adapt to their learning strategies.
To work in groups and to consider each others strength and different points of view.
To develop communication skills of essay, creative writing, as well as other appropriate
forms of expression to suite various context.
To build a higher though process creatively generation new ideas and considering issues
from multiple viewpoints.
To transfer skills, including the ability to make connections across subjects and apply
skills and knowledge in unfamiliar situations.
Course Code: AP 122
Course Title: Urban Issues (S) I
Objective:
The course uses case-studies of urban environments focusing on issues of urban development
and urban regeneration with particular preference to societies undergoing rapid urbanization
and transformation.
Syllabus:
Teaching would be based on case studies which will explore important contemporary urban
issues: dealing with expanding cities, dealing with poverty, informal settlements, affordable
housing, conserving heritage, mixed land use, traffic and transport, urban services, urban
regulation and management, urban form and identity, concept of city in the arts,
environmental sustainability etc.
The work may be undertaken individually or in groups. It will require observation, survey
and research leading to strategic understanding/propositions in response to the case-studies.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
27
Course Code: AP - 123
Course Title: Construction Technologies & Advance Sciences (s) I
Objective:
The course highlights the act of producing a real object based on an abstract set of instructions
by direct intervention into physical world, and Building and larger Constructions as a
systematic processes.
Syllabus:
Processing and conversion of materials
Elements and components of built structures.
Methods and equipments of assembly
Physical and Chemical processes
Transformation of Methods and Techniques of Building
New Technologies of Construction.
Course Code: AP - 124
Course Title: Computer and Information Technology (s) I
Objective:
To familiarize students with use of Computers in architecture and with impact of Information
technology on architectural knowledge system and practice.
Syllabus:
Use of Computer in simple Drawing & Sketching
Use of Computer in Presentation and Rendering
Use of Computer in Measured & Working Drawing
Elementary Use of Softwares as Design aids
Simple Programming tools for architectural data organization.
Principles of Scripting Languages
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
28
Course Code: AP 125
Course Title: Ecology and Sustainable Developments (s) I
Objective:
The thrust of this elective essentially focuses on the environmental issues at large. Within the
realm of the focus the immediate need to address the same is as crucial, as with every passing
day these concerns are getting more and more crucial thus introducing the students with the
plethora of knowledge base and its application in the building sector.
The specific objective of the course is to establish the significance of the ecological issues,
their impact and initiatives to address the same in the built environs.
Syllabus:
To understand the history of environmental degradation and the concepts that underlie a
strategy towards sustainable habitat.
Interrelation between natural and built environment: An Overview
Energy: conservation, renewable sources: wind, solar, geo-thermal, bio-fuels.
Materials: minimizing, recycling, reducing energy content, etc.
Case Studies of traditional / vernacular buildings and settlements demonstrating
relationship between climate, local material resources and settlement/ building forms.
The natural or landscape environment as an aspect of deliberate design: Landform,
topography, vegetation type and pattern, water bodies, street widths and orientation,
ground character. Plan form and elements, building orientation, roof form, fenestration
pattern, orientation and configuration, controls like shading devices, design of shading
devices.
Course Code: AP - 126
Course Title: Advance Architectural Theories (s) I
Objective:
To introduce significance of theoretical and philosophical dimensions in architecture. The
course would be run as a series of demonstrations of most of the topics below with chosen
case examples across time and space, along with selected lectures on fundamental aspects.
Syllabus:
Objective knowledge vs. Subjective Ideas,
Distinction of & relationship between Science and Philosophy.
Rational process and Empirical process
Rules, Formulas, Principles and Theories.
Accuracy vs. Indeterminacy in Design
Analytic approach vs. Mimetic approach
Old Architectural treatises in Europe and India
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
29
Course Code : AP-201
Course Title : Architectural Design - II
Year : Second Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L :0 S: 10
per year : L :0 S: 360
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 20
Objective:
Architectural Design is seen as a central discipline of the B.Arch programme. The focus of
this programme is to develop skills of design while engaging with pragmatic and speculative
propositions about the making of the built environment. The studio is an arena where
knowledge gained in the technologies, humanities and professional streams of the programme
is synthesized into built environment solutions through the act of design with the exercise of
the creative imagination of the designer.
The learning of Architectural Design is seen as a cumulative process with a spiral structure of
development where it is used as a base for increasing the depth and breadth of knowledge and
development of skills in the following year. The range of design exercises will therefore move
progressively from exercises with a relatively limited scope and size of the individual
component or small shelter toward the complexity and scale of city so that the student
experiences the range of complexities that characterizes the Indian habitat.
The studio design exercises are intended to develop a students subjective abilities in the
appreciation and creation of architectural form and the crafting of built objects, to consciously
deploy processes and methodologies of design in response to varied design tasks and to
develop a capability in deploying established and innovative design strategies. The iterative
process of designing will also be used to develop verbal and graphic communication skills
using a range of techniques and tools for representation such as hand drawn drawings,
computer graphics and scale models, for presentation of design ideas and solutions.
Design exercises shall be devised by the course faculty acknowledging and building upon -
the cultural and intellectual assets of the student, opportunities offered by local environments,
theoretical and philosophical issues thought to be relevant, and the knowledge gained by
previous and parallel courses. The design work will be supplemented by research, discussion
and lectures arranged during studio hours to assimilate a rich reference store of the culture of
design. There may be several short and discreet exercises within an overall semester
programme.
The design exercises and the studio programme for the semester, stating the learning
outcomes and evaluation stages, shall be set well in advance in consultation with the course
coordinator. The exercises may be designed in part requiring group work; however the intent
shall be of developing and evaluating design capability for each individual student.
Study Tour: A study tour will be conducted at least once in a year. The educational tasks of
the trip will be assessed as part of the studio work of Architectural Design upto 15 days.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
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December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
30
Syllabus:
Term-1: Design exercises to explore formation of spatial systems in formally planned
settlements integrating the built and open spaces in response to multi functional social
demands; strategically manipulating spatial and scalar hierarchies for, say, a school and
community centre; incorporation of climate responsive strategies and constructional systems
appropriate to social and economic contexts.
Term-2: Design exercises to explore the cultural frameworks of meaning and symbolism in
architecture; expression of abstract meaning through the language of form, space and
materiality; innovation and development of technical systems of making buildings as means
and embodiment of meaning, say, for a religious, ceremonial or culturally defined buildings.
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Ching, F.D.K.; Architecture Form, Space and Order, Van Nostrand Reinhold Staff, New
York, 1996
2. Rudofsky, Bernard; Architecture without Architects, University of New Mexico Press,
New Mexico
3. Rasmussen, Steen Eiler; Experiencing Architecture, The MIT Press, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, 1977
4. Watson, Donald / Crosbie,Michael J .; Time Savers Standards for Architectural Design,
Mc Graw Hill, New York, 2005
5. Chiara, J oseph De / Crosbie, Michael J .; Time Savers Standards for Building Type, Mc
Graw Professional Publishing, New York, 1973
6. Harris, Charles W. / Dines, Nicholas T.; Time Savers Standards for Landscape
Architecture, Mc Graw Hill, USA, 1998
7. Chiara, J oseph De / Panero, J ulius / Zelink Martin; Time Savers Standards for Interior
Design and Space Planning, Mc Graw Hill, New York, 2001
8. Gideon, Siegfried; Space, Time & Architecture, Harvard University Press
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
31
Course Code : AP-202
Course Title : Building Construction and Material - II
Year : Second Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L :0 S: 5
per year : L :0 S: 180
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 10
Objective:
The basic objective for the student here is not only to understand basic principles of
construction technology, but also be able to apply to her/his proposed architectural
expressions. Attempt must be made to culminate the year with the learning of making self
explanatory drawings which are also good in their logical technical content. The Course has
been envisaged as a spiral of knowledge through progressive complexity of instructions.
The Course outlined below gives a general direction to be taken in the fulfillment of the
objectives and each institute may choose to select topics according to its chosen thrust /
philosophy. The range of the topics mentioned leaves sufficient scope of freedom for the
institute to exercise freedom in its detailed teaching programme. Thus, a breakup into term-
wise course has been left to the individual teacher.
Materials:
The aim is to understand commonly used building materials, their general use in the building
industry and to provide a base for environmentally responsible construction. The course also
introduces basic techniques of extraction and processing of materials for building industry and
the concepts and techniques of evaluating their impact on the environment and ecology.
Syllabus:
.
Building Construction Methods
Continuing the course with understanding the methods of building construction with their
underlying principles using components and elements of buildings of medium complexity.
Introduction to details of simple assemblies and their representation as construction drawings.
RCC forms a major part of the material under detailing
The thrust of the second year thus focuses on the basic construction drawings with details
from the following range of topics:
Term - 1
Construction Process, techniques and Building Components- Framed Structures using R.C.C
1. RCC staircase, basements, foundations, shading devices, vertical and horizontal
components etc.
2. Infill walls, partitions (including timber and brick), including finishes
3. Flooring, roofing, waterproofing with/without insulation
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
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December 2011 and
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w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
32
Materials:
a) Cement: Manufacture, Properties, Types, Mix and usage.
b) Aggregates and Admixtures: Types, grading, properties and usage.
c) Plain Cement Concrete: Properties, Mixing, Curing and usage
d) Reinforced Cement Concrete: Reinforcement- Introduction to Types, sizes and placement
in beams, columns, lintels, slabs, cover, etc; Properties, Mixing, Curing and usage
e) Damp Proofing, Waterproofing and Insulation materials.
Term 2
Construction Process, techniques and Building Components- Framed Structures using Steel
and Elements of Interiors
1. Framed steel structures with roofing and walling assemblies, principles and techniques of
structural connections
2. Fabrication of building components using steel e.g. stairs, windows, gates etc.
3. Dry construction building subcomponents: e.g. partition (Aluminium and steel), ceiling
(including false ceiling) , cabinets
4. Alternative Building Materials and Methods of Construction: e.g. foundations, walling,
spanning and roofing elements.
Materials:
a) Steel: Manufacture, Properties, Types of steel sections and usage
b) Protective coatings: Various Types, Application and usage.
c) Materials of rolled sections building sub-components: e.g. block board, ply board, MDF
etc.
d) Application of environmental principles: re-use, re-cycle, life-cycle impact, embodied
energy.
e) The students are advised to undertake regular visits to construction sites, market surveys
and case studies to supplement and update the knowledge base.
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Barry, R. Construction of Buildings, East West Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1999
2. Mckay, W.B.; Building Construction (Vol. I, II, III & IV), Orient Longman, London,
1988
3. Allen, Edward., Fundamentals of Building Construction : Materials and Methods, J ohn
Wiely & Sons, New York, 1999
4. Punamia B.C., Building Construction, Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd, New Delhi, 1993
5. Chudley, R.; Building Construction Handbook, Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford, 1988
6. Published material from HUDCO, CBRI (Roorkee), Development Alternatives, etc
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
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December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
33
Course Code : AP-203
Course Title : Drawing Communication - II
Year : Second Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L :0 S: 6
per year : L :0 S: 216
No of teaching weeks : 36
Credit : 12
Objective:
One of the most important skills that an architect needs is the skill to communicate to an
external audience, in addition to the task of communication within the design process.
Computer technology have facilitated and enriched the ways in which architects can develop
and present their ideas. This mode of communication can enhance and extend the skills of
visualization gained in the previous year through hand drawing, sketching etc. The use of IT
is a new skill set. Capacities for using IT tools to creatively express design intention rather
than fall prey to default settings of available software are to be developed. This would
require customizing codes of available softwares. This leads into computer aided design
and the communications of design process itself. This course would teach this new skill set
through a set of applications, allowing students to express their design intentions in
personalized ways.
The other intention of this course is to learn techniques of data management & sharing,
interoperability & presenting ideas seamlessly.
Teaching and learning will be hand on in a studio format. Skills will be acquired through a
series of structured studio exercises.
Syllabus:
Term -1
Studio assignments/exercises will be based on the following: The softwares given below are
indicative and may be replaced or added to.
i) Operating Systems: MAC, Windows, Limax
ii) Data management and communication: Ward, excel, Autocad, MS Powerpoint,
Google earth, Webmail, social networking.
iii) Drafting and Visualization: AutoCAD/Revit/Microstation, photoshop, Coral Draw,
sketch Up.
Term -2
Studio assignments/exercises on the following: The softwares given below are indicative and
may be replaced or added to.
i) Data management and communication: Video conference, virtual studio.
ii) Drafting and Visualization: Rhino, 3D Studio Max
iii) Customizing software: AutoCAD, Photoshop.
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Architectural drawing: a visual compendium of types and methods; Rendow Yee; J ohn
Wiley and Sons, 2007
2. Architectural Graphics; Francis D. Ching; J ohn Wiley and Sons, 2009
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
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Course Code : AP-211
Course Title : Theory of Structures - II
Year : Second Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L: 3 S: 0
per year : L: 108 S: 0
No of teaching
weeks
: 36
Credit : 6
Objective:
To understand the basic principles and applications of structural design with Masonry,
Timber, Steel and Concrete including Reinforced Cement concrete (RCC).
Syllabus:
Unit - 1
Masonry Structures:
Introduction: Characteristics of load bearing masonry structures, their merits, demerits and
limitations vis a vis RCC framed structures. Classification of bricks and mortars according to
strength. Allowable stresses in masonry; effects of slenderness ratio, area and shape factors on
allowable stresses.
Design of Simple two storeyed House in load bearing masonry construction: Load
calculations on slabs, transfer of load from slabs to load bearing masonry supporting walls.
Design of load bearing masonry walls. Design of simple spread footings for load bearing
masonry walls.
Masonry Arches, Masonry Vaults & Masonry Domes: Conceptual study as compression
structures. (Without design calculations)
Timber Structures: Structural timbers available in India, Structural properties and their
allowable stresses, Design of timber Beams. (Simple M/Z application and shear check for
forces along the grains (no slopes) Design of timber posts & trusses for simple cases. (No
mathematical analysis for timber trusses).
Unit 2
Steel Structures:
Introduction: Merits, demerits and application of steel in structures. Structural properties and
allowable stresses. Standard Rolled Steel sections, their designations and applications,
Introduction to steel tables.
Theories of Design: Working stress and Limit State Methods of Design, basic concepts,
merits and limitations of each method, present trends in design,
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
35
Note: Keeping in view the present trends in design, Teaching is proposed to cover primarily
Limit State Method of Design as per the recommendations of IS: 800 (latest version).
Connections in Steel structures: Riveted, welded and bolted connections. Merits of welded
connections over riveted connections. Present trends. Modes of failure of riveted and welded
connections. Design of simple riveted and welded connections.
Design of Steel compression members: Effect of buckling, concepts of slenderness ratios
and effective lengths of steel compression members. Allowable stresses in steel compression
members. Use of Tables for slenderness ratio vs allowable stress in compression in steel.
Concepts of built up steel column sections, and lacings without design calculations.
Steel tension members: Single angle and double angle tension members. Simple cases.
Design of Steel Beams: Simple design of steel beams using M/Z concept. Concept of built up
steel beam sections and plate girders without design calculations.
Steel Roof Trusses: Functions, merits and applications of steel trusses. Terminology and
structural components. Design of members (No analysis). Introduction to SP38: Handbook on
steel roof trusses and its use in systems with steel roof trusses.
Note: All tables, handbooks, and formulae to be supplied in exams. Only application to be
expected from students.
Unit - 3
Concrete Technology:
Cement: Cement manufacturing & properties, Grades 33, 43 and 53 cements. Different types
of cements and their properties.
Concrete: Structural properties, variation of strength with age. Factors affecting strength of
concrete, Cube test for strength, standard strength grades of concrete,
Curing of concrete: Need, methods, duration for curing, Implication of inadequate curing.
Workability of concrete: Meaning and its functions, slump and Compaction Factor tests for
workability. Workability requirements at site.
W/c ratio & its effect on strength of concrete: Abrahams law of water cement ratio, effect
of w/c ratio on strength of concrete.
Durability of Concrete: Meaning of the term, causes of detoriation of RCC members,
Preventive measures as per IS: 456-2000. Requirement of minimum cement content, concrete
grades and maximum w/c ratios for different exposure conditions.
Nominal and Design Concrete Mixes: Basic difference, merits and demerits of each and
their applications. Basic principles of concrete mix design. Concept of weigh batching of
concrete.
Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC): Difference between Plain and Reinforced Cement
concrete and their applications. Functions of reinforcement in RCC. Types of reinforcement
and their allowable stresses Mild steel Vs High yield strength Deformed bars and relative
merits of HYSD bars. Present trends in use of reinforcement.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
36
Manufacturing of Concrete: In-situ and Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC), merits, demerits
and applications of each,
Unit - 4
RCC Design: Behavior of heterogeneous materials in Direct Force & Bending.
Methods of RCC Design: Present trends in RCC design. Concepts of Working stress Method
(WSD), Ultimate Load Method (ULM) and Limit State Methods (LSM) of RCC design. Idea
of Neutral Axis, Compression zone, Tension zone, Lever arm and Moment of Resistance of
an RC design. Basic assumptions in RCC deign.
(Only LSM of RCC design to be dealt using Fe 415 grade steel reinforcement. Working Stress
Method of Design and Mild steel of Fe250 grade are obsolete in use and will NOT be dealt).
General Principles of Limit State Method of Design:
Concept of Limit States and load factors in LSM of RCC design.
Design of RCC Members:
Design & Detailing of following RCC elements using Design Tables of SP-16 (No formula to
be derived. Use of charts and tables of SP16 to be adopted to avoid memorization of
formulae. Students must learn procedure and applications rather than formulae and
derivations. Tables/charts/handbooks/IS codes also to be supplied in exams).
i. Singly Reinforced simply supported Beam Sections under udl.
ii. Doubly reinforced simply supported beam sections under udl.
iii. One way simply supported rectangular/square RCC slabs.
iv. Two ways simply supported rectangular/square RCC slabs.
v. Axially loaded RCC columns (Rectangular, square and circular sections with or without
helical reinforcement). Tie reinforcement in RCC columns.
vi. Isolated square footings for axially loaded RCC columns (Footings to be designed for
only bending, calculations for beam and punching shear NOT included). Option to
provide tapered footing or footing of uniform depth to be given in exams).
vii. Design for shear reinforcement for beams using design tables of SP16 (Only Stirrup
shears reinforcement to be covered in design. Calculations for bent up bars as shear
reinforcement NOT covered).
Note: At second year level, only design for vertical loads as per IS 456-2000 requirements to
be covered only for simply supported slabs and beams. Design and detailing for continuous
beams and slabs and for Earthquake resistant design including ductility requirements as per
IS: 1893-2002 and IS: 13920-1993 are to be covered in 3rd year, when earthquake loading as
per 1893-2002 and IS: 13920 are also dealt.
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. IS: 456, SP: 16, SP: 34, SP: 38
2. IS: 800
3. J ain, A.K., Reinforced Concrete Limit State Design, Nem Chand & Bros., Roorkee
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
37
Course Code : AP-212
Course Title : Water supply and Waste Disposal
Year : Second Year / Term II
Contact Hours per week : L: 2 S: 0
per year : L: 36 S: 0
No of teaching weeks : 18
Credit : 2
Objectives:
The objective of the course is to provide a systematic understanding of environmental support
systems as they apply to human habitat, with special reference to water, water borne waste
and solid waste. The course will integrate and emphasize issues related to environmental
sustainability.
Syllabus:
Unit - 1
Part A
Water availability and Sources of Water, Water source development; rain, ground water,
water bodies, sea water.
Distribution of Water- regional, urban, local, building. Energy consumption in
distribution. Storage, pressure- gravity and pumps, supply systems, piping, metering.
Water demand: Requirements of various uses, standards; balancing supply and demand
cycles. Plumbing fixtures unit minimizing demand.
Water Quality and Treatment: standards of water quality, water treatment methods:
primary treatment, secondary treatment.
Part B
Terminology used in sanitation and drainages.
Collection & Conveyance of Sewage. Sewage Disposal at Urban level.
Conventional & Non-conventional methods of sewage disposal, low cost techniques of
sewage disposal: CBRI, Sulabh Sauchalaya, etc
Sewage characteristics-Grey and black water
Primary treatment of sewage. Standards for sewage treatment, disposal and recycling.
Secondary Treatment of Sewage Filters, Activated Sludge Process, Decentralised Waste-
water treatment systems (DEWATS), Ecosan, grey water treatment.
Unit -2
Part A
Sewers: Construction & Materials. Manholes: Construction, materials, Types, invert
levels, spacing etc., other sewer appurtenances.
Sewage disposal through Septic Tanks & Soak Pits: System, Viability conditions,
Advantages & Disadvantages.
Storm Water: Factors affecting storm water drainage: calculation of run-off, retention
period, surface and piped drainage.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
38
Part B
Systems of water supply in buildings. Hot water supply systems in building.
Domestic plumbing fixtures and accessories:
Piping layouts and detail layout plan of drains, traps, & fixtures for sanitation & drainage
of residential, commercial and multi-storey buildings.
Rain water harvesting
Solid Waste Management: Definitions. /Garbage/ Refuse Collection. Types of waste;
segregation, recycling, composting. Waste as resource.
Teri-Griha, Leed, evaluating system for water supply and waste disposal.
At least four to five site visits are required for the students to see works related to water
treatment plant, sewerage treatment plant, to see Decentralized Waste-water treatment
systems (DEWATS), factory making plumbing fixtures (e.g. hindware plant etc) to
supplement and update their knowledge base.
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Rangwala S.C. Water Supply & Sanitary Engineering [Environmental Engineering].
Charotar publishing House Anand, India. (2000)
2. Raju B.S.N., Water Supply & Wastewater Engineer, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing
Company Ltd., New Delhi.
3. S.G. Deolalikar, Plumbing Design & Practice, Tata McGrew Hill Publishing Company
Ltd., New Delhi (1994).
4. Panchdhari, A.C., Water Supply and Sanitary Installations, Design Construction and
Maintenance, Wiley Eastern Limited 1993.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
39
Course Code : AP-213
Course Title : History of Architecture-I
Year : Second Year / Term I and II
Contact Hours per week : L: 2 S: 0
per year : L: 36 S: 0
No of teaching weeks : 18
Credit : 4
Objectives:
The course broadly focuses on architectural products of various times and places within a
broad chronological band. The emphasis of the discussions is on the nature and essence of
the architectural product, related as far as possible to history of the process of their
conceptualization, (with specific reference to the architecture as a result of the major religious
ideologies across the globe) and process of construction. Use of the concepts of Style/
Typology/ Morphology in histories of architecture.
The course objective is to understand the process of history in its making, and the markers it
leaves behind and their subsequent interpretations.
Understanding social scenario, concept and philosophies prevalent, to give rise to forms,
which get converted into styles, distinction between styles, and their understanding in a
modern day context.
Syllabus:
Unit- 1
(RECAP)Architecture of Buddhist origin and associations in India, Sri Lanka Far Eastern
Countries, Tibet, China, J apan Viharas Chaityas and Stupas and Monasteries
Early Vedic & Iron Age Civilisations in India: Beginning of Hindu Temple Architecture
under the Guptas and Chalukyas. Appearance and Evolution: Experiments at Badami,
Aihole of examples such as Ladh Khan, Durga, Maleguti.
North Indian Temple architecture (circa 6th 12th C), important temples in North and
Central India. Orissa. Khajuraho etc.
South Indian temple architecture under the Chalukyas, Pallavas, Cholas, Pandyas and
important temples like Meenakshi Brihadishwara etc.
Understanding all these concepts and developments in todays context with an
understanding of the dynamics of the variables and the statics in these concepts in todays
temple architecture
Unit- 2
Islamic architecture in India. Brief Chronological introduction to dynasties in North India,
Slaves Khaljis, Tughlaqs, Lodhis ani Mughals. History written in terms of Styles
indicating dynastic and regional variations
Morphologies / Functional Typologies, Mosque Tomb and Garden Pavilion Forts Palaces
with examplesThe Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque/Qutab-Minar Tughlaq - Alai
Darwaza/Tomb of Ghias-ud-din Tughlaq. Gujarat J ami Masjid in Champaner, Bijapur -
Gol Gumbad & Ibrahim Rauza
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
40
The Mughal Period Babur and Humayun Tomb gardens/pleasure gardens, Akbar
Fatehpur Sikri, Shahjahan Taj Mahal (Agra), J ami Masjid (Delhi)
Exchanges between Islamic Traditions and Local building practices like Rajasthan and
other Regions including the Ganga Yamuna Doab. The Riparian Ghat structures of North
and Central India
Understanding all these concepts and developments in todays context with special
reference to their continued usage and presence in the city of DELHI
Unit- 3
Early Islamic architecture in the Middle East, Architecture in Mediterranean region,
North Africa, South Spain.
Early Christian Architecture adaptation of basilica form, Orthodox Christian, Byzantine
&, Venice, Constantinople,
Romanesque
Ecclesiastical Gothic Architecture in Continental Europe and England.
Great Cathedrals - Notre Dam, Canterbury, etc.
Unit- 4
Advent of Renaissance in Europe and impact on Architecture.
Early to High Renaissance, St. Maria Del Fiore, (Florence), Late Renaissance,
Michelangelo, Palladio, St. Peters (Rome). St. Pauls (London).
Baroque
Suggested Books/Readings:
1. Brown, Percy, Indian Architecture, Buddhist and Hindu
2. Brown, Percy, Indian Architecture (Islamic Period)
3. Volwhasen Andreas, Architecture of the World: Indian & Islamic
4. Raeburn, Michael, Architecture of the Western World
5. Grover, Satish , History Indian of Architecture
6. Kostoff, Spiro, History of Architecture, Rituals and Settings.
7. C. Tadgell, The History of Architecture in India
8. Bannister Fletcher, History of Architecture
9. Nader Ardalan and Laleh Bakhtiyar, Sense of Unity,
10. Watkin, David, History of Architecture
11. Wittkower, Roger, Architecture of Humanism
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
41
Course Code : AP-214
Course Title : Built Environment and Spatial Culture
Year : Second Year / Term I
Contact Hours per week : L: 2 S: 0
per year : L: 36 S: 0
No of teaching weeks : 18
Credit : 2
Course Outline, Objective and Structure:
The aim of this course is two-fold. On the one hand, it aims to provide undergraduate design
students with base level exposure to the various theoretical approaches that are clustered
around the following questions:
1. In what ways do built forms accommodate human behavior and adapt to human
needs? How does the social group "fit" the form it occupies?
2. What is the meaning of the form? How do built forms express and represent aspects
of culture?
3. How is the built form an extension of the individual? How is the spatial dimension of
human behavior related to mental processes and conceptions of the self?
4. How do society produce forms and the forms reproduce society? What roles do
history and social institutions play in generating the built environment? What is the
relationship between space and power?
On the other hand, the course shall also afford to the students, chance to do some hands-on
cultural, sociological and psychological studies of the built environment themselves, that is, in
effect relate their own knowledges to practice.
Syllabus:
Unit-1
SOCIAL ORGANIZATION AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Household Studies;
Ethno-archaeological Studies;
Social Organization and Dwelling Form:
SYMBOLIC APPROACHES TO THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Social Symbolic Accounts; Structuralism;
Metaphorical Approaches;
Theories of Ritual;
Phenomenological perspectives.
Syllabus of B. Arch Programme approved by
Sub Committee of Academic Council on 12
th
December 2011 and
Board of Studies of USAP
w.e.f. academic session 2009-2010
42
Unit-2
PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACHES
Psycho symbolic approaches: Freud; J ungian collective unconscious;
Archetypes and primordial images; Ethno semantic approaches;
Psycho cultural approaches;
Spatial perception and orientation as ecological /cultural traits;
Spatial perceptions arising out of basic human needs and learning processes;
SOCIAL PRODUCTION OF SPACE
Political economy of space; space as a social product;
Marxs relation between structure and superstructure;
Ideology and Ideological Apparatus;
Social history of built environment; space and power;
Race, caste, gender and space
Note: The concerned faculty may prepare a comprehensive reader apart from using
recommended texts and readings
Suggested Books/Readings: