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16.070 - March 21/2003 - Jayakanth Srinivasan, Jksrini@mit - Edu

A moving map display is a situational awareness tool used by pilots to show a two-dimensional view of navigation charts. The document then discusses various topics related to aircraft systems and simulations including image formats, OpenGL, multi-function displays, data links, communication protocols, fuel management, inertial navigation with Kalman filters, guidance algorithms, and air traffic conflict detection.

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90 views

16.070 - March 21/2003 - Jayakanth Srinivasan, Jksrini@mit - Edu

A moving map display is a situational awareness tool used by pilots to show a two-dimensional view of navigation charts. The document then discusses various topics related to aircraft systems and simulations including image formats, OpenGL, multi-function displays, data links, communication protocols, fuel management, inertial navigation with Kalman filters, guidance algorithms, and air traffic conflict detection.

Uploaded by

vikas_2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, jksrini@mit.

edu

A moving map display is a situational awareness


tool used by pilots in both the civil as well as the
military aviation world. The display shows a twodimensional view of different navigation charts.





   








 
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16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]


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16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

 

JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group


GIF - Graphics Interchange Format
BMP - Windows Bitmap
Links
http://www.askscott.com/scott/scholastic/GIFJPG.htm
http://www.jpeg.org/
http://www.dcs.ed.ac.uk/home/mxr/gfx/2d/BMP.txt
http://www.w3.org/Graphics/GIF/spec-gif89a.txt

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Explain the advantages/ limitations of each of the image


formats
Manipulate images
Apply the knowledge of the image formats to the moving
map display design problem

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

The Attitude Direction Indicator shows the roll


and pitch of the A/C

 
       

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Introduced in 1992
Industry's most widely used and supported 2D
and 3D graphics application programming
interface (API)
Stable, Reliable, Portable
Has an Ada95 API called AdaOpenGL

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Explain the rationale behind multi-function


displays
Use an industry accepted standard for building a
simulation
Understanding the coupling between aircraft and
display

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Data links allow aircraft to transmit


information in real- or near real-time
Act as a force-multiplier
Connects information providers with
information consumers
Fire-Control-Computer Weapon
Aircraft Air Traffic Controller
16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

!"#"
RS-232 is a standard electrical interface for serial
communications defined by the Electronic
Industries Association ("EIA").
defines a mark (on) bit as a voltage between -3V
and -12V and a space (off) bit as a voltage
between +3V and +12V
The RS-232C specification says these signals can
go about 25 feet (8m) before they become
unusable
16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

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TCP and IP were developed by a Department of
Defense (DOD) research project to connect a
number different networks designed by different
vendors into a network of networks (the
"Internet").
Lockheed Martin developed a Maritime
Surveillance architecture scaled for P-3C AIP and
S-3B Ada P3I systems, and initially demonstrated
the capability to link an Ada tactical graphics API
to S-3B code
16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

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The MIL-STD-1553 is a military standard that


defines the electrical and protocol characteristics
for a data bus
Commonly used across all military aircraft
The civil equivalent is ARINC 429, ARINC 629

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

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Bus Controller: Controls bus Access


Bus Monitor : Records all information flowing on
the bus
Remote Terminal: Talks when instructed by the
bus monitor
16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Explain how data-links work


Understand industry standard protocols applicable
both in the commercial as well as military world
Understanding the mapping between application
and data link

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Full Authority Digital Engine Control


(FADEC) is an engine manage that monitors
fuel consumption and optimizes engine
performance.
The FADEC has to take into consideration the
flight envelope of the aircraft, the mode of
operation and inform the pilot when bingo fuel
is reached.

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Understanding how fuel management works


Explain the coupling between aircraft mode of
operation and fuel management
Understand complex system modeling.

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

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The Kalman filter is a set of mathematical


equations that provides an efficient
computational (recursive) solution of the leastsquares method
Supports estimations of past, present, and even
future states, and it can do so even when the
precise nature of the modeled system is
unknown.

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Explain how Inertial Navigation Systems and


Global Positioning System work
Understand how GPS and INS information can be
integrated using a Kalman Filter
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using
kalman filters

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

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A method of homing navigation in which the
missile turn rate is directly proportional to the
turn rate in space of the line of sight.

Foundational algorithm from which all missile


guidance algorithms are derived

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Numerical solution of differential equations


Runge-Kutta integration methods

Adjoint technique for tactical missile guidance


system design
Proportional navigation and miss distance

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Explain how guidance algorithms work


Understand how missile engagement simulation
can be carried out
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using
proportional navigation guidance

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

*
The task of the conflict detection is to predict
an intrusion of the protected zone. This
protected zone was chosen to reflect RVSM
separation standards: 5 nautical mile radius and
a height of 2000 feet (altitude -1000ft to
altitude +1000 ft)

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

The aircraft can be modeled using differential


equations

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

Explain how Conflict detection is carried out for


air traffic control
Understand how separation rules influence the
conflict detections process
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using
different conflict detection algorithms

16.070 March 21/2003 Jayakanth Srinivasan, [email protected]

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