Answers - Heat & Mass Transfer - I

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW
Unit Operations: Heat and Mass Transfer - I

1. In Grosvenor pyschrometric chart, the point which was read from the x-axis that corresponds to
the point at which constant humidity line touches the 100% humidity curve.
ANSWER: DEW POINT
2. For the air-water system under ambient conditions, the adiabatic saturation temperature and the
wet bulb temperature are nearly equal, because
a. Water has higher latent heat of evaporation
b. Lewis number is close to unity
c. They are always equal under all circumstances
d. Solubiity of the components of air in water is very small
3. The relative humidity of air decreases in spite of an increase in the absolute humidity when the
a. Temperature rises
b. Pressure rises
c. Temperature falls
d. Pressure falls
4. In this method, humidity is measured by determining the wet bulb and dry bulb temperatues
simultaneously.
Answer: PSYCHROMETRIC METHOD
5. During dehumidification of unsaturated air, wet bulb temperature & partial pressure of vapor are
not constant. However, during evaporative cooling process with re-circulated water supply, the
__________ remains constant.
ANSWER; WET BULB TEMPERATURE
6. What is the difference in measuring wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures?
ANSWER: in wet bulb, thermometer is covered with wet wick
7. For air-water system at ordinary conditions, the humid heat is almost equal to the specific heat,
thus,
Where: hy = heat transfer coefficient between gas and surface of the liquid; M B = weight of the
gas; ky = mass transfer coefficient; Cs = humid heat. This equation is also known as_______.
Answer: LEWIS RELATION

8. The plot below gives the saturated humidity (He) versus temperature (T). Line joining (H1,T1)
and (H2,T2) is the constant enthalpy line. Identify T1, T2 and T3
ANSWERS: T1 = dry bulb temperature, T2 = wet bulb temperature, T3 = dew point
9. At 25C and 90% relative humidity, water evaporates from the surface of the lake at the rate of
2
2
1.0 kg/m /h. What is the relative humidity that will lead to an evaporation rate of 3.0 kg/m /h, with
other conditions remaining the same.
Condition A
Condition B
Evaporation Rate, kg/m /h
1.0
3.0
Relative Humidity
90%
At saturation condition, atmosphere is 100% RH, water evaporated corresponds to the

change in RH
(
70%
10. The equilibrium water absorbed by a certain silica gel in contact with moist air varies linearly with
the humidity of air,
, where X = kg water absorbed/kgof dry gel, Y = humidity
of air in kg moisture/kg dry air. 0.5 kg of silica gel containing 5% (dry basis) absorbed water is
3
placed in a collapsible vessel in which there are 10 m of moist air particle with pressure of water

being 15 mm Hg. The total pressure and temperature are kept at 1 standard atmosphere and
25C, respecetively. How much water is picked up from the moist air in the vessel by the silica
gel? What is the final pressure of water vapor in the vessel?
)(
(
(
)(
)(
For the collapsible vessel
)(
)(
)(
(
(
)(
(
[(
](
)(
Amount of moisture picked up from the vessel

(
)(
Initial weight of moisture in the vessel

(
)(
Approximately air becomes dry, therefore, pressre of moisture is zero

11. Match column A with column B
A
Desolventizing
Spray Drying
Lyophilization
Dehumidification
I
II
III
IV
B
Banana Chips
Cooling
Spent Meal
Milk Powder
Fruits
Daing
Sugar
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
ANSWER: I-3; II-4; III-5; IV-2
12. Which is a part of a spray drying system?

a. Plenum
b. Atomizer
c. Knife
d. Steam heater
13. Drying of food is carried out in an insulated tray. The drying air has a partial pressure of water
equals to 2,360 Pa and a wet bulb temperature 30C. The product has has a drying surface of
2
0.05 m /kg dry solid. The material has critical rate in the falling rate period which is proportional
-4
2
to the moisture content and the mass transfer coefficient is 5.34 x 10 kg/m hPa. Calculate: (a)
2
the drying rate in the constant rate period in kg/m h; (b) the time required to dry the material from
a moisture content of 0.22 to 0.06 (both on dry basis). Vapor pressure of water at 30C = 4,232
Pa. Critical moisture content is assumed to be 0.12.
Equation 24.9 (McCabe)
(
)
(
)
(
)(

[(
]
[(
)(
14. It takes 6 hours to dry a wet solid from 50% moisture content to the critical moisture content of
15%. How much longer will it take to dry the solid to 10% moisture content, under the same
drying conditions (the quilibrium moisture content of the solid is 5%)?
[(
[(
)]
(
[
] [(
15. A 50 cm x 50 cm x 1 cm flat wet sheet weighing 2 kg initiall was dried from both the sides under
constant drying rate period. It took 1,000 seconds for the weight of the sheet to reduce to 1.75
kg. Another 1 m x 1 m x 1 cm flat sheet is to be dried from one side only. Under the same drying
conditions, what is the required time (in seconds) to dry the sheet from initial weight of 4 kg to 3
kg?
(
)
(
)
(

(
)
(
(
(
)
(
)
)
) (
)[
)
(
)(
)(
)(
)(
)
](
)
16. Sheet material 0.5 cm thick containing 800 kg of dry stock/m of original wet stock is to be dried
2
at constant drying condition. The initial drying rate is 4 kg/hm at the initial moisture content of
2
33%. The final drying rate is 1 kg/hm at 6% final moisture content. The equilibrium moisture
content is negligible. If drying is from two large surfaces only, and if the drying rate in the falling
rate period is proportional to the free moisture content, calculate the total drying time. All
moisture contents are on the dry basis.
)(
)(
)(
)(
For the falling rate,
To find Wc
For the constant rate drying

(
)(
)(
For the falling rate drying
17. The equilibrium moisture curve for a solid is shown below:
The total moisture content of the solid is X and it is exposed to air of relative humidity H. Identify
1, 2, 3 and 4.
Answer: 1- equilibrium noisture; 2- free moisture; 3 bound moisture; 4 unbound moisture

18. To maintain rice grain quality, this treatment is included to allow for redistribution of internal
moisture in the grain. In this treatment, drying is temporarily stopped and the moisture within the
For air-water system at ordinary conditions, the humid heat is almost equal to the specific heat,
thus, grain equalizes due to diffusion and would result to higher drying rate when re-started.
ANSWER: tempering

Answers - Heat & Mass Transfer - I

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What is the difference between wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures?

What is the difference between wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures?

What is the Lewis relation?

What is the Lewis relation?

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW

Unit Operations: Heat and Mass Transfer - I

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW

ANSWERS: T1 = dry bulb temperature, T2 = wet bulb temperature, T3 = dew point

Evaporation Rate, kg/m /h

At saturation condition, atmosphere is 100% RH, water evaporated corresponds to the

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW

For the collapsible vessel

Amount of moisture picked up from the vessel

Initial weight of moisture in the vessel

Approximately air becomes dry, therefore, pressre of moisture is zero

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW

ANSWER: I-3; II-4; III-5; IV-2

12. Which is a part of a spray drying system?

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW

For the falling rate,

For the constant rate drying

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW

For the falling rate drying

17. The equilibrium moisture curve for a solid is shown below:

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW

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