Physics I Problems PDF
Physics I Problems PDF
Physics I Problems PDF
EXERCISES
Section 15.2 Periodic Waves
15.1 . The speed of sound in air at 20C is 344 m>s. (a) What is
the wavelength of a sound wave with a frequency of 784 Hz, corresponding to the note G5 on a piano, and how many milliseconds
does each vibration take? (b) What is the wavelength of a sound
wave one octave higher than the note in part (a)?
15.2 . BIO Audible Sound. Provided the amplitude is sufciently great, the human ear can respond to longitudinal waves
over a range of frequencies from about 20.0 Hz to about 20.0 kHz.
(a) If you were to mark the beginning of each complete wave pattern with a red dot for the long-wavelength sound and a blue dot
501
for the short-wavelength sound, how far apart would the red dots
be, and how far apart would the blue dots be? (b) In reality would
adjacent dots in each set be far enough apart for you to easily
measure their separation with a meter stick? (c) Suppose you
repeated part (a) in water, where sound travels at 1480 m>s. How
far apart would the dots be in each set? Could you readily measure
their separation with a meter stick?
15.3 . Tsunami! On December 26, 2004, a great earthquake
occurred off the coast of Sumatra and triggered immense waves
(tsunami) that killed some 200,000 people. Satellites observing
these waves from space measured 800 km from one wave crest to
the next and a period between waves of 1.0 hour. What was the
speed of these waves in m>s and in km>h? Does your answer help
you understand why the waves caused such devastation?
15.4 . BIO Ultrasound Imaging. Sound having frequencies
above the range of human hearing (about 20,000 Hz) is called
ultrasound. Waves above this frequency can be used to penetrate
the body and to produce images by reecting from surfaces. In a
typical ultrasound scan, the waves travel through body tissue with
a speed of 1500 m>s. For a good, detailed image, the wavelength
should be no more than 1.0 mm. What frequency sound is required
for a good scan?
15.5 . BIO (a) Audible wavelengths. The range of audible frequencies is from about 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. What is the range of the
wavelengths of audible sound in air? (b) Visible light. The range of
visible light extends from 400 nm to 700 nm. What is the range of
visible frequencies of light? (c) Brain surgery. Surgeons can remove
brain tumors by using a cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator, which
produces sound waves of frequency 23 kHz. What is the wavelength
of these waves in air? (d) Sound in the body. What would be the
wavelength of the sound in part (c) in bodily uids in which the speed
of sound is 1480 m> s but the frequency is unchanged?
15.6 .. A sherman notices that his boat is moving up and down
periodically, owing to waves on the surface of the water. It takes
2.5 s for the boat to travel from its highest point to its lowest, a total
distance of 0.62 m. The sherman sees that the wave crests are
spaced 6.0 m apart. (a) How fast are the waves traveling? (b) What
is the amplitude of each wave? (c) If the total vertical distance
traveled by the boat were 0.30 m but the other data remained the
same, how would the answers to parts (a) and (b) be affected?
t
x
b
28.0 cm
0.0360 s