Espano Vs CA G.R. No. 120431 April 1, 1998 Romero, J.

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Espano vs CA

G.R. No. 120431 April 1, 1998


Romero, J.:
FACTS: Petitioner Rodolfo Espano was apprehended by police officers of the Western Police District (WPD),
Narcotics Division. After seeing Espano selling something to another person, the policemen approached him,
identified themselves as police officers and frisked him. The search yielded two plastic cellophane tea bags of
marijuana. The police officers asked Espano if he had more, he replied that he had more in his house. The policemen
went to his where they found 10 more cellophane tea bags of marijuana. Petitioner was brought to the police
headquarters where he was charged with possession of prohibited drugs
Petitioner was convicted by the RTC. Petitioner appealed in CA but CA affirmed the decision of the RTC.
ISSUE: Whether or not the warrantless search performed by the police officers is constitutional.
HELD: Espano was caught in the act of committing an offense by the police officers. This is an exception to the
warrantless search rule provided by Rule 113 Section 5(a) of the Rules of Court.
The articles seized from petitioner during his arrest were valid under the doctrine of search made incidental to a
lawful arrest. The warrantless search made in his house, however, which yielded ten cellophane bags of marijuana
became unlawful since the police officers were not armed with a search warrant at the time. Moreover, it was
beyond the reach and control of petitioner.

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